Dog Diseases and Parasites Mr. Swartz Animal Vet Science.
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Transcript of Dog Diseases and Parasites Mr. Swartz Animal Vet Science.
What’s Covered?
• Infectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases
• Fungal Diseases
• Internal Parasites
• External Parasites
• Poisonings
Diseases
• Infectious Diseases - – Diseases that are transmittable from animal to
animal– Air
– Bodily Fluids
– Bodily Secretions
– Contact or Exposure
Diseases• Noninfectious Diseases-
– Diseases that are not transmittable from animal to animal
– Caused by natural aging
– Diet
– Health Care
Dog Fungal Diseases
• Fungal Disease - – Fungus is a primitive vegetable
» Mushrooms
» Mold
» Mildew
– Live in air, soil, plants and in water. (some in animals body)
– Only half of fungi are harmful
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites– Live inside the host
– Intestines
– Heart
– Circulatory System
Infectious Diseases
• Canine Distemper– Viral Disease that affects respiratory,
gastrointestinal and CNS– Causes by the canine distemper virus (CDV)
Infectious Diseases
• Canine Distemper “Prevention”– Animals must be vaccinated
– Transmitted mostly by being airborne
• Canine Distemper “Symptoms”– Fever 103-106
– Conjunctivitis and Rhinitis
– Loss of Appetite
– Diarrhea
– Paralysis
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases– Kennel Cough
• Term commonly applied to upper respiratory problems in dogs
– Tracheobronchitis
– Bordetellosis
– Bordetella
• Bacterial infection
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases– Kennel Cough “Symptoms”
• Dry hacking cough• Watery nasal discharge• Fever• Lethargy
– Kennel Cough “Treatment”• Mild cases -run course• Severe cases - Medication
– Kennel Cough “Prevention”• Keep your dog away from other, especially pups• Vaccination
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases– Canine Hepatitis
• Disease of the liver and other body organs caused by the adenovirus.
• Contamination by feces, cages, dishes, hands, etc..
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases– Canine Hepatitis “Symptoms”
• Coughing
• Cloudy Eyes
• Kidney/Liver Failure “seizures”
• Vomiting
– Canine Hepatitis “Treatment and Prevention”• No specific treatment
• Vaccines to immunize puppies
Infectious Diseases• Infectious Diseases
– Parvovirus• Virus that attacks the gastrointestinal tract of puppies,
and dogs.
• It can also damage the heart muscle of young pups
Infectious Diseases
• Parvovirus “Symptoms”• Lethargic
• Loss of Appetite
• Fever
• Bloody Diarrhea
• Most die within 48-72 hours of symptoms
• Parvovirus “Treatment and Prevention”• No specific drug to kill virus
• Hydration
• Cleaning
• Keeping pups away from fecal matter from others dogs
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases– Canine Brucellosis
• Disease of the reproductive tract– Female abortions
– Male infections
– Infertility in both sexes
• Spread by breeding
• Dirty conditions
Infectious Diseases
• Canine Brucellosis “Symptoms’• Abortion of litters
• Inflamed epididymis and testicles
• Swollen lymph nodes
• May not show a physical signs
• Canine Brucellosis “Treatment & Prevention’• No vaccine
• Some drugs - not always effective
• Only prevention is to test broodstock
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Disease– Remember
• Most noninfectious disease are caused by– Natural Aging
– Environment
– Diet
– Care
– Genetics
• So let’s brainstorm!– What are some noninfectious disease???
Noninfectious Diseases• Noninfectious Diseases
– Heart Disease• Two Types
– Congenital
– Acquired
• Congenital• Animal is born with it (very rare)
• Acquired• Develops over time
Noninfectious Diseases
• Heart Diseases– So what exactly is happening?
• Chronic Valvular Disease– Heart Valves loose effeiceny
• Dilated Cardiomyopathy– Muscle walls become weak and thin
– What is happen?• Heart Failure
Noninfectious Diseases
• Heart Disease “Symptoms”• Lack of Energy
• Irregular and rapid breathing
• Loss of appetite
• Coughing
• Weakness
• Fainting
• Heart Disease “Treatment”• No Treatment
• Medication
Noninfectious Diseases
• Cataracts– Loss of opacity of eye lenses– Cloudy eye
• Cataracts “Causes”– Most are inherited – UV Light
Noninfectious Diseases• Hip Dysplasia -
• Abnormal formation of hips
• Degenerative breakdown of joints
• Hip Dysplasia -• Completely genetic and passed down for offspring to
offspring
Noninfectious Diseases• Hip Dysplasia “Symptoms”
• Dog will rather sit than stand
• Slow getting up
• Stiff
• Young dogs– Pups will run with back legs together
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Disease– Arthritis
• Inflammation of the joints• Two types: Degenerative and Inflammatory
– Degenerative• Destruction of cartilage that protects the bones
– Stress, dysplasis
– Inflammatory• Causes by infection or immune-mediated disease• Affects multiple joints
Noninfectious Diseases
• Arthritis “Symptoms”• Reluctance to walk, climb stairs, jump• Limping• Lagging• Difficulty rising
• Arthritis “Treatment”• Pain Killers• Exercise • Rest• Surgery (in some cases)
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases– Cherry Eye
• Prolapsed nictitating membrane (3rd eyelid)
• Hereditary weakness for the connective tissue
Noninfectious Diseases
• Cherry Eye “Symptoms”• Visual redness
• 3rd eyelid becoming visible
• Cherry Eye “Treatment”• Surgical Removal
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases– Anal Sac Blockage
• Blocked anal sac glands
• Pimple
• Bacteria
Noninfectious Diseases
• Anal Sac Blockage “Symptoms”• Swollen Anus
• Foul Smell
• Scratching and Biting
• Trouble Defecating
• Anal Sac Blockage “Treatment”• Squeezing the gland on occasion
• Surgical Removal
Noninfectious Diseases
• Review– Heart Disease– Cataracts– Hip Dysplasia– Arthritis– Cherry Eye – Anal Sac Blockage
Fungal Diseases
• Dog Fungal Diseases• Fungal Disease -
– Fungus is a primitive vegetable » Mushrooms» Mold» Mildew
– Live in air, soil, plants and in water. (some in animals body)
– Only half of fungi are harmful
Fungal Diseases
• Fungal Diseases– Ringworm
• Caused by dermatophytes spores
• Hair Loss
• Very Contagious
Fungal Diseases• Ringworm “Symptoms”
• Hair loss in ring formation
• Itching
• Ringworm “Treatment”• Medicated shampoo
• Creams
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites– Roundworms
• Live in dogs intestines
• Consume partially digested feed
• Passed by feces
• Offspring to offspring
Internal Parasites• Roundworms “Symptoms”
• Loss of appetite• Pot Belly• Vomiting • Diarrhea
• Roundworms “Treatment”• Dewormer (2 - 4 Weeks)
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites– Hookworms
• Small worm like parasites that hooks on the intestinal wall
• Feeds on blood of host
• Contract orally, through skin, pass from off spring to off spring
Internal Parasites
• Hook Worm “Symptoms”• Pale Gums• Diarrhea• Weakness• Failure to grow properly
• Hook Worm “Treatment”• Drugs (Oral or Injection)
– Drugs only kill adult hookworm– One adult will lay 20, 000 larvae– Human can not contract
Internal Parasites• Internal Parasites
– Heart Worms• Larvae that grow and develop in an animals heart and
lungs.
• Contract by infected mosquito
• Larvae grow 4 -5 inches in length
• Cause heart failurs
Internal Parasites• Heart Worm “Symptoms”
• There are really no symptoms until advanced stages
• Dull coat
• Lack of energy
• Coughing
• Difficulty Breathing
• Heart Failurs
• Heart Worm “Treatment”• Drugs for prevention
• Treatment is tricky
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites– Whipworm
• 1/4 long, live in lower intestines
• Causes severe irritations of intestinal lining
• One of the most pathogenic parasites in dogs
Internal Parasites• Whipworm “Symptoms”
• Bloody Diarrhea
• Weight Loss
• Whipworm “Treatment”• Dewormer
• Must continue deworming treatment for several months
External Parasites
• External Parasites
• External Parasites - – Live outside the host
– Skin
– Coat
External Parasites• External Parasites
– Fleas• Small fly/nat looking parasite
• Will lay egg in coat
• Bit animal to feed on blood
External Parasites• Flea “Symptoms”
• Scratching and biting
• Red spots and rashes
• Flea “Treatment”• Flea shampoo
• Medication (internal and external)
• Extermination
External Parasites
• External Parasites– Tick
• Small parasites that feeds on host
• Will bury itself into skin
• May carry many other disease (lymes)
• Feed off host and fall off