Distance Learning with CBT Distance Learning with CBT By: Robert K. Rayner President – CEO IDESS...

Distance Learning with Distance Learning with CBTCBTDistance Learning with Distance Learning with CBTCBT

By: Robert K. RaynerPresident – CEO

IDESS Interactive Technologies (IDESS I.T.) Inc.

What is CBTWhat is CBTWhat is CBTWhat is CBT

• The term The term Computer Based TrainingComputer Based Training covers a covers a broad range of programs which vary from simple broad range of programs which vary from simple “power point” style presentations of information “power point” style presentations of information to more sophisticated and interactive programs to more sophisticated and interactive programs that offer some of the functionality of a simulator.that offer some of the functionality of a simulator.

• The most common CBT’s used on board today The most common CBT’s used on board today are of the “power point presentation” type are of the “power point presentation” type having very low levels of interactivity – and having very low levels of interactivity – and function primarily as information resources. function primarily as information resources.

CBT’s in use onboardCBT’s in use onboardCBT’s in use onboardCBT’s in use onboard

THE most important element in any CBT is the information it can transfer to the learner

Knowledge TransferKnowledge TransferKnowledge TransferKnowledge Transfer

We can simplify the ingredients of learning as:

How does CBT stimulate learningHow does CBT stimulate learningHow does CBT stimulate learningHow does CBT stimulate learning

MMemorising:emorising:• Filing information into your memory for recall Filing information into your memory for recall later.later.

UUnderstanding:nderstanding:

• Perception of the how and the why. Perception of the how and the why.

• Making sense of ideas and principles.

DDoing:oing:• Developing skill through practice.

• CBT is able to stimulate the learning CBT is able to stimulate the learning experience by exploiting the full potential experience by exploiting the full potential of multi-media to illustrate operating of multi-media to illustrate operating principles of equipment, and to acquire principles of equipment, and to acquire proficiency by practicing through proficiency by practicing through interaction.interaction.

Stimulating LearningStimulating LearningStimulating LearningStimulating Learning

• CBT has the potential to provide very CBT has the potential to provide very MUDMUDdy dy learninglearning• For example…For example…

Stimulating LearningStimulating LearningStimulating LearningStimulating Learning

• If content is the most important element of a If content is the most important element of a CBT – CBT – which indeed it iswhich indeed it is – then – then verification and subsequent approval of its verification and subsequent approval of its validity by an independent third party is validity by an independent third party is also of great importance. also of great importance.

Validity of the ContentValidity of the ContentValidity of the ContentValidity of the Content

• For the majority of CBT’s currently in use, For the majority of CBT’s currently in use, this is not being done, although this is not being done, although some some producers do have an internal producers do have an internal procedure procedure within their own QMS.within their own QMS.

• Approval or accreditation of courses that use Approval or accreditation of courses that use CBT is done by some Maritime CBT is done by some Maritime Administrations for a limited number of Administrations for a limited number of subjects related to STCW competencies.subjects related to STCW competencies.

AccreditationAccreditationAccreditationAccreditation

• Administrations are now viewing the use of CBT in Administrations are now viewing the use of CBT in a more positive light, and some have gone so far a more positive light, and some have gone so far as to conduct their own research projects.as to conduct their own research projects.


• One example being the development One example being the development of a of a blueprint for a CBT on the use of ECDIS, blueprint for a CBT on the use of ECDIS, carried carried out by the UK MCA. out by the UK MCA.

• Other organisations – such as DNV Seaskill and Other organisations – such as DNV Seaskill and the Nautical Institute - will certify courses that the Nautical Institute - will certify courses that have met the criteria of their standard. have met the criteria of their standard.


• Some of these courses use CBT as the principal Some of these courses use CBT as the principal means means of transferring knowledge.of transferring knowledge.

• It takes a great deal of time and effort to verify It takes a great deal of time and effort to verify both the functionality of a CBT and the both the functionality of a CBT and the validity of its content. validity of its content.

Challenges for Accrediting Challenges for Accrediting AuthoritiesAuthoritiesChallenges for Accrediting Challenges for Accrediting AuthoritiesAuthorities

• Consequently the number of courses that are Consequently the number of courses that are currently currently approved by a qualified authority is rather small – approved by a qualified authority is rather small – but but growing. growing.

Advantages of CBTAdvantages of CBTAdvantages of CBTAdvantages of CBT

• Trainees can learn a task or procedure without suffering the consequences of getting it wrong.

• Learner- centredLearner- centred – trainees proceed at their own speed – trainees proceed at their own speed and verify their own understanding as they progress.and verify their own understanding as they progress.


• CBT is a more cost effective means of CBT is a more cost effective means of training. training. - Approx 60 percent of the total cost to send a seafarer

on a course in a training centre is for travel, accommodation, meals, wages etc. About 40 percent is the course fee.

-- The learning outcome from an instructor led course may The learning outcome from an instructor led course may vary from instructor to instructor depending on their vary from instructor to instructor depending on their styles of teaching, and from training centre to training styles of teaching, and from training centre to training centre. centre.


• Consistency of knowledge transferConsistency of knowledge transfer

• Trainees working with the same CBT Trainees working with the same CBT should, in theory, achieve the same learning should, in theory, achieve the same learning outcome, when or wherever the CBT is outcome, when or wherever the CBT is accessed.accessed.

- The content of a CBT does not vary in quality or - The content of a CBT does not vary in quality or quantity. quantity. It is verifiable, and readily available as a refresher or It is verifiable, and readily available as a refresher or reference resource.reference resource.- CBT is not a one off experience CBT is not a one off experience


• The time-consuming tasks such as marking The time-consuming tasks such as marking andand record keeping are performed by the record keeping are performed by the program.program. A particular advantage in a working A particular advantage in a working environmentenvironment where senior personnel are already where senior personnel are already heavily heavily burdened with other administrative tasks.burdened with other administrative tasks.• For example…For example…


• FlexibilityFlexibility CBT can be taken at a time convenient CBT can be taken at a time convenient for the learner and in any location. It is for the learner and in any location. It is not not dependent on the availability of an dependent on the availability of an instructor, instructor, subject expert or a course schedule delivered subject expert or a course schedule delivered in a in a training centre.training centre.• CBT’s can be updated and distributed with CBT’s can be updated and distributed with relative relative ease – to keep abreast of changes in ease – to keep abreast of changes in technology, technology, operating practices and legislation.operating practices and legislation.

• When used on board, the learner is accessing When used on board, the learner is accessing CBT’s close to the point where acquired CBT’s close to the point where acquired skills will be applied thereby facilitating skills will be applied thereby facilitating knowledge transfer.knowledge transfer.



• It is particularly suited to It is particularly suited to Type Specific Training.Type Specific Training.

• Able to develop the proficiency of crew in the use Able to develop the proficiency of crew in the use and and maintenance of equipment installed in the vessels maintenance of equipment installed in the vessels they they are working on.are working on.• Manufacturers manual’s and particularly Manufacturers manual’s and particularly manuals manuals supplied to new buildings by shipyards, are supplied to new buildings by shipyards, are rarely rarely structured to function as a learning resource. They structured to function as a learning resource. They tend tend to be rather dry and poorly illustrated references.to be rather dry and poorly illustrated references.• For example…For example…

Advantages of CBTAdvantages of CBTAdvantages of CBTAdvantages of CBT• Interact with the Gas Measuring Instrument by Interact with the Gas Measuring Instrument by clicking on clicking on lidlid to open, then click on the to open, then click on the power switchpower switch to turn it to turn it on. on. Then click on the Then click on the aspirator bulbaspirator bulb to aspirate, then to aspirate, then click on click on the the arrowsarrows to zero in the instrument. to zero in the instrument.


• There is a growing body of evidence There is a growing body of evidence which which supports the view that CBT programs can supports the view that CBT programs can have have a positive influence on safety, a positive influence on safety, environmental environmental awareness and operational proficiency. awareness and operational proficiency.

CBT and Competence ManagementCBT and Competence ManagementCBT and Competence ManagementCBT and Competence Management

• Maintaining a record of all learning events is an integral part of any Competence Management System.• CBT programs are able to record computer based learning events and assessment results automatically.• Where a company invests in their own Where a company invests in their own ship ship specific CBT’s they not only develop a specific CBT’s they not only develop a training training tool but create an inventory of tool but create an inventory of specialised specialised knowledge required for the safe and knowledge required for the safe and efficient efficient operation of their fleet.operation of their fleet.

Computer Based AssessmentComputer Based AssessmentComputer Based AssessmentComputer Based Assessment

• Computer based assessment provides an Computer based assessment provides an effective effective means of monitoring competence both means of monitoring competence both during during service aboard as well as ashore. service aboard as well as ashore. • More sophisticated programs More sophisticated programs provide a provide a comprehensive record of training and comprehensive record of training and assessment assessment and functions that allow results to be and functions that allow results to be analysed analysed from which training needs can be from which training needs can be ascertained.ascertained.

• For example…For example…

Computer Based AssessmentComputer Based AssessmentComputer Based AssessmentComputer Based Assessment

• A deficiency in critical knowledge is A deficiency in critical knowledge is identifiedidentified

Measuring the BenefitsMeasuring the BenefitsMeasuring the BenefitsMeasuring the Benefits

• Using CBT Sun Microsystems reduced the time it took sales representatives to become productive from 12 months to 6 months.• The Royal Bank of Scotland achieved a ROI “of The Royal Bank of Scotland achieved a ROI “of several several hundred percent” by replacing classroom training hundred percent” by replacing classroom training with with online training for its 15,000 staff across the U.K.online training for its 15,000 staff across the U.K.

• Many shore based industries have embraced Many shore based industries have embraced CBT CBT and various studies indicate that and various studies indicate that learning learning objectives are achieved more quickly with objectives are achieved more quickly with CBT CBT compared to conventional instructor led compared to conventional instructor led training.training.

• Some well known examples:Some well known examples:

CBT On BoardCBT On BoardCBT On BoardCBT On Board

• As part of a blend of learning events, As part of a blend of learning events, integrated integrated into a properly managed competence into a properly managed competence development development system, CBT should be able to deliver system, CBT should be able to deliver measurable measurable results in safety and operational proficiency, results in safety and operational proficiency, and and cost savings.cost savings.

Distance Learning with CBT Distance Learning with CBT By: Robert K. Rayner President – CEO IDESS...

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