Periodontal Ligament, Alveolar Process and Cementum

DH110 ORAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGYLesson 7Tammy Fisher RDH BS

Periodontal Ligament, Alveolar Process and CementumROLL CALLWhat is your favorite food and restaurant?Lets Get StartedLesson 7 Objectives

Dont forget the Smile Train donations!Homework #3 graded and returnedHomework #5 part #2 returned for discussionNo homework due next week! Journal ArticleWhat makes a good journal? Trade vs. Scholarly vs. PopularUlrichswebThe Purdue Owl http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/APA formatting (American Psychological Association 6th edition)Times New Roman 12Who, When, What , and Where

ReferencesAmerican Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs (2006). The use of dental radiographs: update and recommendations. Journal of the American Dental Association, 137(9), 1304-1312.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2003). Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings-2003. Retrieved from, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5217a1.htmChristensen, G. J. (2004). Why switch to digital radiography? Journal of the American Dental Association, 135(10), 1437-1439.Dentistry IQ (2010, September). Nomad: handheld x-ray receives accolades. Retrieved from,http://www.dentistryiq.com/index/display/articledisplay/4283591955/articles/dentisryiq/industry/2010/09/nomad-gets_innovation.htmlHealth Physics Society (2010). Radiation exposure from medical exams and procedures. Retrieved from,http://hps.org/documents/Medical_Exposures_Fact_Sheet.pdfStandley, E. & Emmerling, H. (2011). Dental radiography: technology, infection control and exposure guidelines. RDH, 31(1), 69-73.Texas Department of State Health Services Radiation Safety Licensing Branch (2010). Guide for the preparation of operating and safety procedures for dental facilities. Retrieved from, http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/Layouts/ContentPage.aspx?PageID=35849&id=4541&terms=procedures+for+dental+facilities Wilkins, E.M. (2009). Clinical practice of the dental hygienist (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins. Quiz 3Review Chapters 9-10Dental Pulp and CementumPeriodontiumAlveolar Bone ProperCementumPeriodontal LigamentGingivaPeriodontal Ligament

Primary function is to support the teethA fibrous connective tissue that attaches to the alveolar bone proper and the cementumCovers the cementum of the root and connects to the gingivaDecreases in size with ageHighly cellular with vascular, neural, bone and cemental cells

Organization of the PDLGingival group = Gingival fibersTranseptalAttached gingivalFree gingivalCircumferential

Organization of the PDL Dentoalveolar fiber groupApicalObliqueHorizontalAlveolar CrestInterradicular

Flash CardsInterstitial spaceAn area between each group of fibers that contains a network of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that maintains the vitality of the PDL.Oxytalan FibersA type of connective tissue fibers chemically different from collagen fibers and found in the PDL and gingiva. They are elasticlike and support the vessels and fibers of the PDL.Fundus or FundicThe part of an organ that is farthest from its openingTrabeculaeSmall tissue elements in the form of a small beam, strut, or rodLamellaeThin plate-like structures , often very close to one another with open space between. A thin leaf or plate, gill-like.LacunaeThe very small cavities in bone that are filled with bone cells.AciniformFine pain receptors in the PDL. They function as a protective measure during mastication.Cells of the PDLFibroblastsOsteoblastsCementoblastsMacrophagesOsteoclastsEpithelial RestsIntercellular TissueFunctions of the PDLSupportiveMaintenanceSensoryNutritive Aging of the LigamentCell number and activity decrease due to diet and loss of functionScalloping occurs in cementum and alveolar boneFibers attach to the peaks of scallops rather than entire surface of boneGood health and good oral hygiene can lead to a healthier periodontium

Hard Tissues of the PeriodontiumAlveolar ProcessAlveolar Bone Proper (Lamina Dura)Supporting BoneCementum

Flash CardsFenestrationThe area of alveolar bone loss where an apical root penetrates the bone.

DehiscenceAlveolar bone loss in the coronal root.

Perforating Fibers/Sharpeys FibersPenetrating connective tissue fibers by which the tooth is attached to the adjacent alveolar bone. These bundles of collagen fibers penetrate both the cementum and the alveolar bone.

Bundle BoneLamina DuraAlveolar Bone ProperA thin layer of hard compact bone lining the tooth sockets. Appears more dense radiographically than the adjacent supportive bone.

Supporting BoneSupporting Compact BoneSimilar to Haversian Bone found in the bodySupporting Cancellous BoneThe supporting bone of the maxilla is filled with marrow tissue. Bone marrow makes up 4.5% of the body

Cemental SupportFunctions as support by attaching to perforating (or Sharpeys)fibersSmaller and more numerous than the bundles of alveolar bone properCementum is more resistant to resorb than boneCementum does not have a blood supply or nervesCementum WILL resorb in cases of stress caused by traumatic occlusion or orthodontic treatment

Tooth MovementPhysiologic MovementOrthodontic Movement

Leeway SpaceThe difference in the space in the arch required for the two primary molars and the successional permanent premolars replacing them. The leeway space in the maxilla is 1.3 mm and in the mandible is 3.1 mm.Incisor Liability FactorThe replacement of the smaller primary incisors with larger permanent ones.Mesial DriftGeneral movement of a tooth or teeth anteriorly toward the midline of the jaw.http://www.checkdent.com/en/videos/mesial-drift-120.html

GREAT BOOKS

NEXT WEEKNo homework!No quiz!Read Chapters 13 and 14.Work on Homework #5.Start studying for the final.