Designing places for healthy lives Victor Callister · Active by Design Designing places for...
44
Active by Design Designing places for healthy lives Victor Callister 19 h September 2016
Transcript of Designing places for healthy lives Victor Callister · Active by Design Designing places for...
Active by Design Designing places for healthy lives
Victor Callister 19h September 2016
Attributable
fractions (%)
Low Fitness
Obesity Smoking Hyper- tension
High Cholesterol
Diabetes
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0
Male Female
Causes of early death in the UK
Attribution of non-communicable diseases to physical inactivity in the UK:
Source: Effect of physical inactivity on major non-
communicable diseases worldwide: An analysis of burden
of disease and life expectancy, 2012
11% of coronary heart disease cases
19% of colon cancer cases
18% of breast cancer cases
13% of type 2 diabetes cases
17% of premature all-cause mortality
Health
benefits
Sedentary 100 200 300 400 500 600
Source: The Lancet, Volume 378, Issue 9798, Pages 1202 - 1203, 1 October 2011
Weekly physical activity (minutes)
Weekly activity levels and health benefits
700
2001: % travelling on foot
2011: % travelling on foot
2011: % travelling by bike
1.4%
8.8%
9.5%
1.4%
2001: % travelling by bike
Source: Office of National Statistics
Birmingham: active travel to work
Car 1 13
Bicycle 50
22 Foot
646
288
Mode of
transport
Number of people
killed or seriously
injured per billion
kilometres travelled Risk relative
to travel by car
UK passenger casualty rates 2013
Source: DTI, 2014
Risks of active travel
£bn %
GDP
The Health Foundation
Public spending on health in the UK, in real terms and as a percentage of gross domestic product (2014/15 prices)
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
8 %
7 %
6 %
5 %
4 %
2 %
1 %
0 %
3 %
Public sector
spending on health
Public sector spending
on health as % of GDP
Healthcare spending in the UK
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
1995
-
1997
1996
-
1998
1997
-
1999
1998
-
2000
1999
-
2001
2000
-
2002
2001
-
2003
2002
-
2004
2003
-
2005
2004
-
2006
2005
-
2007
2006
-
2008
2007
-
2009
Citywide
Lowest ward
UK
68.4 68.2 68.2
67.7
69.1 69.4
69.0
69.8 69.9
70.7 70.9 71.0
71.8 73.0 73.2 73.3
73.6 73.7 73.9 73.9 74.3
74.8 75.2
75.6 75.9
76.4
74.
3
74.
5
74.
8
75.
0
75.
4
75.
7
75.
9
76.
2
76.
6
77.
0
77.
3
77.
5
77.
7
UK
Birmingham
Lowest ward in Birmingham
Life expectancy: males in Birmingham
% of diabetes cases that are preventable
Percentage increase in people living with
diabetes 2005 – 2015
Percentage of NHS drugs bill spent on treating
diabetes
£8bn
90%
60%
10%
Annual cost of managing avoidable
complications of diabetes
BBC
Preventable diabetes in the UK
Two principal causes of
preventable diabetes Physical activity Diet
Health inequalities
London Health Observatory The Lancet
More than 90
National
average: 87.6
Less than 85
Years
Women’s life expectancy in 2030
Obesity prevalence by deprivation decile National Child Measurement Programme 2012/13
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Index of multiple deprivation 2012 decile Least deprived Most deprived
Obesity
prevalence
Child obesity: BMI ≥ 95th centile of the UK90 growth reference
Reception Year 6
Designing places for healthy lives
Physical
activity Healthy
food
Contact
with nature
Positive social
contact
Designing places for healthy lives
Physical
activity Healthy
food
Contact
with nature
Positive social
contact
Connecting Leicester
Connecting Leicester
Connecting Leicester
Before After
Fishergate, Preston
Before After
Fishergate, Preston
Before After
Ring Way, Preston
Designing places for healthy lives
Physical
activity Healthy
food
Contact
with nature
Positive social
contact
Whitecross Street Market, London
Designing places for healthy lives
Physical
activity Healthy
food
Contact
with nature
Positive social
contact
Connecting Leicester
Connecting Leicester
Designing places for healthy lives
Physical
activity Healthy
food
Contact
with nature
Positive social
contact
Homes for Change Cooperative, Manchester
• Coordinated approach to public health and public realm
• Behaviour change initiatives
• Reconnecting the public realm on housing estates
• Creating pedestrian friendly residential streets
London Borough of Hackney
• Encouraging a local cycling culture
• Encouraging car free development
• Innovations in traffic and parking management
London Borough of Hackney
City Park, Bradford
City Park, Bradford
Physical
activity Healthy
food
Contact
with nature
Positive social
contact
Designing places for healthy lives
Investment in preventative place-making
Policies, indicators and
regulation
Transport and streets
Housing
delivery
Areas for change
Characteristics of healthy places
* Further evidence needed
Mixed-use
Well-connected by public transport
Relatively compact*
Pleasant, safe streets
Human-scale interest and appeal
Not dominated by vehicular traffic
Highly walkable and bikeable
Leafy
Shops, services, places to meet,
things to do
Great parks
By deciding to use the
built environment to
tackle preventable
disease
How do we use the
built environment to
tackle preventable
disease?
MAKE
WALKABLE
NEIGHBOUR
HOODS
