DAKAR, Senegal, 24 - March 25, 2015 ASSESSMENT OF THE CONFORMITY OF THE BASE STATIONS TO THE...

DAKAR, Senegal, 24 - March 25, 2015

ASSESSMENT OF THE CONFORMITY OF THE BASE

STATIONS TO THE NORMATIVE REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO THE

PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNINGDALLY Brice Landry,

Co-Editeur of Rec K. arcb ITU-T/SG5 Tanya MCPHERSON'S Consulting Ivory Coast

Brice.dally@Tanya Mcpherson'S-consulting.c i

ITU Regional Standardization Forum for Africa

(Dakar, Senegal, March 24-25 2015)

2

PLAN OF THE PRESENTATIONCONTEXT 3

PREREQUISITES 4

MEASURES OF PROTECTION 5

INTERNAL SPF 6

EXTERNAL SPF 7

INSPECTION OF A SPF 8

NORMATIVE REQUIREMENTS 9

OPERATING MODE 12

CONCLUSION 18


3

For the exercise of its tasks, rights and obligations of controls of ICT infrastructure, the State of the Côte D’Ivoire has instructed its operational structures (the Ex-ATCI and the AIGF today) since 2011 to the effect of achieving the "campaigns of control of conformity of the base-electrical stations implanted on the Ivorian territory".

These campaigns are occuring in a period of intensive deployment (densification, extension, migration) of networks in urban and rural areas by telecommunications operators.

VLSCH Consulting, as consultant in the realization of this mission, presents the experience gained on more than 1800 radio-electrical sites by focusing on "The control of

lightning protection systems " .

CONTEXT


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PrerequisiteLIGHTNING PROTECTION :

A basic requirement


Lightning is an electrical discharge of

atmospheric origin.

"There are no devices or methods which

could change the natural phenomena to the

point of preventing lightning strikes. The

impacts of lightning on the facilities or

in their vicinity (or on the services

entering the facilities) are dangerous to

the people, the facilities themselves,

their content, their installations and

departments That is why the lightning

protection measures are essential ". cf

the IEC 62305 - 1.

5

MEASURES OF PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING


"The measurement of essential protection and the

most reliable one for the protection of facilities against

physical damage is deemed to be the lightning

protection system (SPF). It usually includes a system

of external protection and a system of internal

protection against lightning strikes. " Cf. IEC 62305-3 .

6 DAKAR, Senegal, 24 - March 25, 2015

A system of external protection against lightning is intended to:

A) intercept a lightning strike on the facility by a

capture device ;

B) flow in a safe manner the lightning current to earth

by one or some downward conductors ;

C) disperse the lightning current in the earth by a

network of earthing.

SYSTEM OF EXTERNAL PROTECTION


A system of internal protection against lightning

helps to prevent the dangerous sparks in the

facility by using a network of bonding connections

or a separation distance between the components

of the system of external protection and the other

internal conductors of the facility.

INTERNAL PROTECTION SYSTEM


INSPECTION OF A SPF

The inspections of the SPF include the verification of the technical documentation, visual checks and test measurements. They are intended to ensure that:

m)The lightning protection system is consistent with the design based on the normative requirements in force;

n)All the components of the lightning protection system are in good condition and able to ensure the functions for which they were designed, and that there is no corrosion;

o)All departments or all constructions recently added are integrated in the external SPF .


NORMATIVE REQUIREMENTSAmong normative requirements in force, we can cite the recommendations of the standardization sector of the International Telecommunication Union and the international standards:

Recommendation ITU-T K56 : 2010: K SERIES: Protection against disturbances: Protection of radio-

electrical base stations against lightning ;

Recommendation ITU-T K27; K72 and K39 .

ISO IEC 62305-1 / -2 / -3 / -4 : 2010

NB: there is no ITU-T recommendation specific to the evaluation of the conformity of the SPF, such is the purpose of the draft recommendation K. arcb


DESIGN/CONSTRUCTION

/DEPLOYMENT

INITIAL CHECK

Installation of external and internal SPF and establishment of PV

from recipe

Verification of compliance of achievements

to the Specifications

- Visual Inspection;

- Full Inspection according to the

package leaflet for verification

Identification of feared events

Establishment of a PTAC adapted to the risk of the

lightning

Periodic checking

COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO DESIGN, DEPLOY, AND

MAINTENANCE OF A SPF


MAXIMUM PERIODICITY

The maximum periodicity of inspection of a SPF is:

* Included: all facilities containing sensitive internal networks, venues of large assemblies .


OPERATING MODE


Date and time of inspection of the external SPF Date of last inspection of the external SPF

Lightning conductors : Existing Non-Existent

digging : Existing Non-Existent Conductor Type:

Section of the frames of the pylon

< 125 Mm² > 125 Mm²

Condition of the mounting collars of the downward conductor Good Oxide Number

... . Continuity of the downward conductor Good Bad

Seat Belts / strips of land : Low High GSM FH Technical Local Slab outdoor

The earthing of equipment: Antennas 2G/ 3G/ 4G Radio Module of 2G/

3G/LTE Antennas FH/ODU Feeders

Generator (if existing) Grid of air conditioning condenser Shelter Array of

energy

The earthing of metal parts:

Media antennas 2G/ 3G/ 4G Media antennas FH Feet pylon

All guy wires Closure Feet of shelter

control seal Existing Non-existent Status: Good Gradient

Counter of lightning Existing Non-existent Status: Good Gradient

Electric continuity test of the SPF Good Bad

Observation:

Sheet of periodic inspection of the system of external protection


Sheet of inspection of the system of earthing

SHEET OF INITIAL INSPECTION

Plan for installation of the system for earthing Available Unavailable

Installation Plan conforming to ITU-T recommendation in force Yes Non

Route of the trenches conforming to the projected plan Yes Non

Depth of excavation conforming to the projected plan Yes Non

Existence of all interconnecting components Yes Non

Conditions of the components of the system for earthing Good Bad

Identity of the nature of the components Yes Non

The different natures of used

components

Surface of the conductor

Conductors Adapted Unsuitable

Correct Interconnection of components Yes Non

Electrical continuity test of the system for earthing Good Bad

System of protection taking into account all parts of the system of protecting in accordance with the result of the analysis of the lightning risk Yes Non


Sheet of inspection of the system of earthingSHEET OF PERIODIC INSPECTION

Spot of inspection Existing Non-existent Status: Good Gradient

Labelling of land: Necessary Not necessary Existing Non-Existent

Status of the labelling Good Gradient

System for earthing Existing Non-Existent Good Degraded

Electrical continuity test of the system for earthing

Good Bad

Observation:

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF THE RESISTANCE OF THE EARTHING (less than or equal to 10 ohms)

Alignment E, S and H

Distance EH = … … … … … … … …m

MEASURE HAS 3P 52% 62% 72%RE Isolated

RE interconnected

RE isolated in 62% of the last measurement of the system for

earthing

Observation:


METHOD OF DEFAULTING LOOP IMPEDANCE (ref in accordance with the sensitivity of the circuit breaker)

Z S

--------

R S

--------

Observation:

METHOD OF MEASURING THE TOTAL RESISTANCE OF THE SPF

Resistance value of the interconnected system of protection against lightning ≤ 0.2 Ω

R Ω

Sheet of inspection of the system of the earthing

CONCLUSION

At the end of this presentation, we could recall that the impacts of

lightning on the radio-electrical base stations in particular or in their

vicinity are dangerous for people and the services provided. These

impacts caused many interruptions of services, hence financial losses

and more and more litigation between site managers, operators

and residents in the neighborhoods of those sites.

The verification of compliance with the standards in the design

and installation of the SPF of radio-electrical sites, coupled

with regular monitoring of compliance is by far the effective

means of the implementation of the precautionary principle .

We therefore recommend to the regulators and operators, as far as

they are concerned to observe these good practices that allow stating

liabilities in case of damage and mitigating the unavailability of

services offered. DAKAR, Senegal, 24 - March 25, 2015

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION


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