Current Development and Prospect: Potato Production and Processing in China

Department of Crop ProductionMinistry of Agriculture, PR China

Ma, Shuping

Fifth most important food crop in China:Fifth most important food crop in China:Vegetables and staple foodVegetables and staple foodProcessingProcessing

Poverty alleviationPoverty alleviationFood securityFood securityFarmerFarmer’’s incomes income

The importance of potato industry

Mi l l i on ha

0. 00

1. 00

2. 00

3. 00

4. 00

5. 00

6. 00

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Pl ant i ng ar ea

1. Over view potato production in China1. Over view potato production in China

Changes of planting area in the last 22 years

1.1 Steady growth of production1.1 Steady growth of production

Changes of potato production in the last 20 years

Mi l l i on t on

0. 00

10. 00

20. 00

30. 00

40. 00

50. 00

60. 00

70. 00

80. 00

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Changes of potato yield in the last 22years

t ons per ha

0. 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 0

10. 011. 012. 013. 014. 015. 016. 017. 0

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

10 leading provinces by area10 leading provinces by area

13%

13%

12%9%6%6%6%

5%4%

4%

22%

Gansu

Inner M ongol i a

Gui zhou

Yunnan

C hongqi ng

Shanx i

Si chuan

Shaanx i

H ei l ongj i ang

N i ngx i a

other

Yield changes by province in 2007Yield changes by province in 2007

0.0

10.0

20.030.0

40.0

50.0

Gans uGu i z

hou

Inne r M

ongo l ia

S ich uan

Y unnan

Chongqin g

S handong

S haanx i

Guangxi

He i lon g ji a

n gN i n

gxia

S hanx i

Hube i

L iaon i n

gHenanHunanHebe iFu j ia

nJ il i

nX in

j ian g

Zhe j ian g

GuangdongQi n

ghaoJ ia

ng suA nhu

iJ ia

ng xiTi b

e t

Distribution of potato

Ⅰ

ⅣⅡ

Ⅲ

The Northern single cropping zone

The central double cropping zone

Winter cropping zone

The Southwestern mixed cropping zone

–Growing 49% of China’s potato–Main region for seed potatoes–For processing–For fresh market

-5% of China’s potato

-early fresh-for export

-39% -diverse geography and climate

-For fresh and processing

1.2 Dominant zones being formed

－7%－expanding－rotation with rice－early fresh and

export

1.3 Expanded use of improved variety and quality seed

>120 varieties have been developed in last >120 varieties have been developed in last 10 years10 years90 of them being grown commercially 90 of them being grown commercially presentlypresently

Varieties

Seed potatoes production

400 million of 400 million of minitubersminitubers producedproduced25% of total growing area use good quality seed25% of total growing area use good quality seedSeed and marketing participated by institutes, Seed and marketing participated by institutes, univeristiesuniveristies, enterprises and joint ventures , enterprises and joint ventures 23 national 23 national minituberminituber propagation centers have propagation centers have been establishedbeen established

2 national potato quality supervision 2 national potato quality supervision centerscenters

1.3 Expanded use of improved variety and quality seed

Seed potatoes productionSeed potatoes production

Main seed potato production region

North single cropping regions• Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Gansu,

Ningxia, and Qinghai • Seed tubers are transported to central and

winter cropping areaSouthwest mixed-cropping regions• Guizhou, Yunnan, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan• Supplying seed tubers inside the region

1.4 Improvement in cropping mode and culture technology

mechanized farmingmechanized farming

mulching for keeping soil moisture in the Northmulching for keeping soil moisture in the North

Dripping under mulch in QinghaiDripping under mulch in Qinghai

1.4 Improvement in cropping mode and culture technology

mulching for keeping soil warmmulching for keeping soil warm

intercroppingintercropping

1.4 Improvement in cropping mode and culture technology

no/less tillage with rice straw no/less tillage with rice straw coveringcovering

> 5000 enterprises> 5000 enterprises ，， among them, only 140 in among them, only 140 in large scale(10,000 products per year)large scale(10,000 products per year)Refined starch: 2 million tons of designed capacity, Refined starch: 2 million tons of designed capacity, 300,000tonnes output. Potato shortage.300,000tonnes output. Potato shortage.flourflour：： about 10 companies with a capacity of about 10 companies with a capacity of 100,000 tons, output 30,000 tons100,000 tons, output 30,000 tonsfriesfries ：：

about 10 companies with processing about 10 companies with processing

capacity of 130,000 tons, output 70,000tons capacity of 130,000 tons, output 70,000tons Chips: about 30 with processing capacity of Chips: about 30 with processing capacity of 130,000 tons 130,000 tons Starch noodles: 80,000 tonsStarch noodles: 80,000 tons

2. Overview of potato Processing industry

3.Technical needs

seed potatoes quality improvementseed potatoes quality improvement

Varieties development Varieties development

Mechanization of farmingMechanization of farming

Storage technologyStorage technology

ProcessingProcessing

4.Prospects

Growing consumer demand inside ChinaGrowing consumer demand inside China

Per capita increased from 14kg in 2000 to 38 kg in 2006. Per capita increased from 14kg in 2000 to 38 kg in 2006.

More Raw material for processingMore Raw material for processing

Quality seed Quality seed potaoespotaoes

Bright prospects for exportsBright prospects for exports

Increasing of international trade in 2000Increasing of international trade in 2000--20062006

Geographical advantage for export potato to Geographical advantage for export potato to neighbouringneighbouring countries (potential markets) countries (potential markets)

Importers of frozen fries in ESEA Importers of frozen fries in ESEA (2002)(2002)

9%

54%

17%

20%Japan

China

ASEAN

Rep.of Korea