Crime Prevention Part I SAFES & VAULTS ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is...

Crime Prevention Part ICrime Prevention Part I

SAFES & VAULTSSAFES & VAULTS

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of ICJS (2010)

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesTexas School Safety CenterTexas School Safety Center

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesTexas School Safety CenterTexas School Safety Center

LEARNING OBJECTIVESLEARNING OBJECTIVES• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify

the different types of safes and vaults.• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify

and explain the proper use of a money and fire safe.• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify

and explain the various classes of insulated record containers.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify and explain the different type of safe locks.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify and explain the various UL classifications of money and fire safes.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify and explain the following areas that affect the security of safes and vaults; location and installation, protecting the combination and usage in compliance with classification.


SAFES & VAULTSSAFES & VAULTSA SAFE or VAULT ideally should occupy the innermost ring of concentric protective rings around a secured premise..

We are referring to the third line of defense the interior of a building


Safe makers cannot make safe bodies as thick as they would like

Too big to pass through doorways

Too heavy to stand on floor of ordinary buildings

Safes made at a cost which the customer will accept.

SAFES - GeneralSAFES - General


Introduction to SAFESIntroduction to SAFESThere are two types of safes. Each is intended for a different purpose.

The first type, generally known as a fire safefire safe, is designed to protect protect records from destruction by firefire.


Introduction to SAFESIntroduction to SAFESThe second type, commonly known as a moneymoney safesafe or money chestmoney chest, is designed to protect money and valuables from burglaryburglary or thefttheft.


SAFES - ConfusionSAFES - ConfusionConfusionConfusion exists over the use of these two safes. Many users believe they have more protection than they actually do and unknowingly submit their valuables to risk. Because of this common misunderstanding, it is important that know to use a safe foruse a safe for the purposepurpose for which it isit is designeddesigned.


FIRE SAFEFIRE SAFEFire safeFire safe, “commercialcommercial recordsrecords safesafe”,

fire resistantfire resistant qualities.

provides only minimal protection minimal protection from burglary and theftfrom burglary and theft.

fire safe constructed of light steel

manufacturer more concerned with insulationinsulation of the safe of the safe against fire against fire vs. burglary defensevs. burglary defense

FIRE SAFE – Cont’dFIRE SAFE – Cont’dFire resistant safes normally made with hollowhollow wallswalls of relatively thin steel, filled with varying amounts of insulationinsulation.easily broken open with a burglar’s heavy tool or with a firefighter’s ax. do not storedo not store valuablesvaluables that are easily converted to cash or cash


FIRE SAFE – Cont’dFIRE SAFE – Cont’dStore important papers only in a fire Store important papers only in a fire safe:safe:

tax records – CD or DVD

booking logs - ledgers

insurance polices


FIRE SAFESFIRE SAFES


The type & amount of insulationinsulation used in a fire safe determines the degreedegree of of protection affordedprotection afforded its contents.

Example, paper products destroy when exposed to temperatures in excess of 350° F350° F.

Designed to keep interiorsinteriors belowbelow critical 350° F350° F level.

FIRE SAFE – Cont’dFIRE SAFE – Cont’d


FIRE SAFE (PURPOSE)FIRE SAFE (PURPOSE)The purpose of the fire safe is The purpose of the fire safe is to ensure that after a fire its to ensure that after a fire its

contents are contents are “useable.”“useable.”


FIRE SAFE (PURPOSE)FIRE SAFE (PURPOSE)The concept of “useable” documents is important. A

document is considered usable only if “…after a fire it can

withstand ordinary handlinghandling without breakingbreaking and if marks on the paper can be deciphered by

ordinary means” ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

Underwriters LaboratoriesUnderwriters Laboratories

1. A standardized fire of controlled extent and severity for:

at least fourfour hours (reaching 2000° F)

twotwo hours (reaching 1850°F), or ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)


oneone hour (reaching 1700°F) depending upon its hourly rating, before the interior temperature of the compartment exceeds the rated class temperature

(350°F,150°F,or l25°F) during the period of fire exposure and the cooling period inside the furnace after the fire exposure.



2. A sudden heatingheating at 2000°F2000°F for 3030 minutes without producing an explosion sufficient to cause an opening into the interior.

3. An impactimpact due to falling 3030 feet in the clear after being heated for 60 minutes, 45 minutes, or 30 minutes for devices rated 4, 2, and 1 hour, respectively;



3. and reheating in the inverted position for the same length of time (60minutes, 45 minutes, or 30 minutes) after the impact without destroying the usabilityusability of the papers stored inside.



FIRE SAFE (Design)FIRE SAFE (Design)Another important fire safe characteristic is its “re-usabilityre-usability.”

Second-hand” fire safe does not provide good fire protection.

fire safes often make use of inflating materials that consist of gypsumgypsum, plaster, or other hydroushydrous compounds.

When exposed to fire, this inflating material is converted to steam steam which cuts down the destructive qualities of the fire


Combustion Combustion MaterialMaterialPaper may be destroyeddestroyed if exposed to temperatures above 350°F350°F.

Films and videosvideos are heat-sensitive and may be destroyed if exposed to temperatures above 150°F150°F.

Computer disksdisks are the most sensitive to heat and may be destroyed if exposed to temperatures above 125°F125°F.


Class 350 FIRE SAFEClass 350 FIRE SAFEPROTECT:

DISKSDISKS

MICRO FILM (MICRO FILM (microfiche)microfiche)

FILM ROLLSFILM ROLLS

VIDEOVIDEO


Look for Classification Marking on Product

Insulated Record Containers Class 125

Classified by:Underwriter Laboratories, Inc.

As to Fire Resistance OnlyRating: Class 125-2


MONEY SAFEThe keykey feature of moneymoney safe safe is its resistanceresistance to burglaryburglary or robberyrobbery.

Burglary restrictive safes are designed to withstand attacksattacks by tools, torch, or explosivesexplosives in proportion to their construction specifications.


MONEY SAFEOn the other hand, robberyrobbery restrictive equipment is designed to prevent thefts when there is no assault on the money safe itself.


MONEY SAFESMONEY SAFES


MONEY SAFE - continued

MoneyMoney safessafes with key locks, lockers, and truck boxes with either key or combinationcombination locks fit this category.

Safes of this type are usually of a lighterlighter construction with less costly locking equipment



Most safes today have undergone stringentstringent testingtesting at the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. in Northbrook, Illinois. The UnderwritersUnderwriters LaboratoriesLaboratories, Inc. label applied to these units indicates a classificationclassification of the units, and to an extent, its capabilities.



Supermarkets, gas stations, mill outlets, automobile sales agencies, theaters, motels, and restaurants are among the businesses now using roundround door chestschests.

Any firm doing volume cash business requires this type of protectionprotection against hold-ups and burglary. The reason for the big shift to round door chests is insuranceinsurance savings.


The better the safesafe, the lower the riskrisk and the lower rate of insuranceinsurance.

Insurance companies know the value of proper cashcash protectionprotection and they offer large insurance premium savings to people who use round chests.


Key feature resist burglaryburglary and robberyrobbery

It can only provide protection against the tools and techniques known at the time of construction


BURGLAR RESISTENTBURGLAR RESISTENT

Burglary restrictive safes designed to withstand attacksattacks by:

ToolsTools

TorchTorch

ExplosivesExplosives

ALL in proportion to their constructionconstruction specifications.


BURGLAR RESISTENTBURGLAR RESISTENT

Gary FS-FSM SafeGary FS-FSM SafeSquareSquare door safe safe. Designed to meet the cash handling protection needed for supermarkets and chain stores.

1414 cash register trays

Manager depository locker

Armored car collector’s compartment with dual key protection

Rolled coin container on the safe door.


Provides ideal burglary and holdup protection

Four SectionsFour Sections

One-inchOne-inch carbon steelsteel and all the joints are electrically weldedwelded.Door is one and one-half inches thick carboncarbon steelsteel with extra heavy hinges hinges with ball bearings assuring a proper door swing.Three one-inch chrome-plated bolts and a continuous locking bar on the hinge side lock this door. The safe has special “Max alloy” drill resistive hard plate to protect lock and bolt workings.


Gary FS-FSM Safe Gary FS-FSM Safe DesignDesign

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)

SAFESAFE““DROP BOX”DROP BOX”

SAFE LOCKSSAFE LOCKSLocking dialsLocking dials

Lockable handlesLockable handles

Time LocksTime Locks

Time-delay combinationTime-delay combination

Alarm combinationAlarm combination


SAFE LOCKS – Cont’dSAFE LOCKS – Cont’d

LOCKING HANDLESLOCKING HANDLES: Lockable bolt control handles perform much the same function as lockable same function as lockable dialsdials. A locking handle allows the combination to be dialed, but the bolt control handle does not retract the door bolts until it is unlocked.


SAFE LOCKS – Cont’dSAFE LOCKS – Cont’d

TIME LOCKSTIME LOCKS: Standard equipment on bank vault doors. A time lock ensures that once closed and locked the safe or vault door remains so for a predetermined amount of time.


SAFE LOCKS – Cont’dSAFE LOCKS – Cont’dTIME – DELAY LOCKSTIME – DELAY LOCKS: DAT or delayed action timer. A time-delay lock is a combination lock with one or more timer movements attached. The operator must wait for a predetermined period after dialing before delay mechanism permits the combination bolt to retract.


SAFE LOCKS – Cont’dSAFE LOCKS – Cont’dALARMED COMBINATION ALARMED COMBINATION LOCKSLOCKS: Incorporate micro-switches capable of shunting alarms and signalizing unauthorized opening attempts or openings made under duress.

The dial is set at a predetermined number and sometimes locked in place, alarm is then turned on.


TIMETIME

DELAYDELAY

SAFESSAFES

SAFE VULNERABILITIESDrills — diamond core.

Torches — acetylene

burning barburning bar or thematic lance—hollow iron pipe packed with steel rods — 4000F — 6” of tempered steel, 15 sec

Keri coilKeri coil — miniature version of burning bar—underwater cutting

EXPLOSIVESEXPLOSIVES

BURGLARBURGLARTOOLSTOOLS

For SAFESFor SAFES


SECURITY RECOMMENDATIONSPrecautions - Reminders

Must be extremely hardhard component to blunt drills and heatheat absorbentabsorbent component to combat thermal cutter

ConcreteConcrete—often strengthened by granitegranite chips or by chilled iron shotchilled iron shot which can spin or deny the drill



All top quality safes combatcombat the drilldrill with nuggets of a material almost as hard a diamonddiamond, closely packed with no clear path through them cutter

SAFES should be fixed (non-SAFES should be fixed (non-moveable) either encased in moveable) either encased in concrete or bolted to a solid concrete or bolted to a solid foundation and/or framefoundation and/or frame



Foiling the cuttersFoiling the cutters

Best defense are metals that absorb metals that absorb the heat at the point of attackthe heat at the point of attack and dissipate it over a wide area

Steels with high chromium or carbon high chromium or carbon contentcontent, notably stainless steel, and even cast iron

Copper, second most effective©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)


Lock attackLock attack

Best defense are live devicesdevices backed up by dead devices which also securesecure the boltbolt frame but operate only if the lock is attacked

DeadDead devices are boltsbolts held back by cablescables running to the lock case and operate only if the cable connection is broken


Lock attack - ContinuedLock attack - Continued

In high quality safes the cables are connected to a glass plate which disintegrates if punctured


SAFE SECURITY CONCERNSSAFE SECURITY CONCERNSSAFE COMBINATIONSSAFE COMBINATIONS

Another important element in safe security is protecting the combinationscombinations.

Protection of the combination is frequently overlooked

Burglars found the combinationcombination written and left inside the desk of a nearby secretary or executive


Combination should always be memorizedmemorized where possible

EmergencyEmergency copycopy of the combination available in some locked arealocked area where it cannot be discovered by acannot be discovered by a dishonestdishonest employeeemployee


SAFE SECURITY CONCERNSSAFE SECURITY CONCERNSSAFE COMBINATIONS – SAFE COMBINATIONS – Cont’dCont’d

Secure lightweight safeslightweight safes to prevent removal

Keep cashcash on hand at a minimumminimum by frequently banking

Never leave combinationcombination where it can be compromised


Safe: Security ChecklistSafe: Security Checklist

Locate the safesafe in a securesecure areaarea, and check to determine that the safe is proper for what is protects

LockLock the safe securely securely when leaving the premises by turning the turning the dial several times in the same dial several times in the same directiondirection


Safe: Security ChecklistSafe: Security Checklist

BANKSBANKSSafety deposit boxesMoney

JEWERLY STORES

MUSEUMSMUSEUMS

SOME High end very expensive SOME High end very expensive homeshomes.


VAULTSVAULTS

VAULTSVAULTS©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)BANK VAULTBANK VAULTJEWERLY VAULTJEWERLY VAULTMUSEUM VAULTMUSEUM VAULTCHARLTON HESTON HOME VAULTCHARLTON HESTON HOME VAULT


KNOWYOUR

DIFFERENTSAFES

andthere

Capabilities

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CJS (2009)

RememberRemember A safe can provide adequate protection only when it is used for its intended purpose.



DEFINE & PROCESSDEFINE & PROCESS1. Identify the different types of safes and vaults.2. Identify and explain the proper use of a money

and fire safe.3. Identify and explain the various classes of

insulated record containers.4. Identify and explain the different type of safe

locks.5. Identify and explain the various UL

classifications of money and fire safes.6. Identify and explain the following areas that

affect the security of safes and vaults; location and installation, protecting the combination and usage in compliance with classification.

SOURCESSOURCES


Fennelly, Lawrence J. Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention. Newton, MA., Butterworth-Heinemann, 251.

Healy, Richard J. Design for Security. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 176-178, 189-190, 194-199.

Hemphill, Charles F. Jr. Security for Businesses and Industry. Homewood, Illinois: Dow Jones-Irwin, Inc., 181,-194, 219-221.

Information Material by “AMSEC”. Paramount, California: American Security Products Company.

Information Material by “Gary”. Industry, California: Gary Safe Company.

Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Building Materials Directory. 301-304.

Contact InformationContact Information

INSTITUTE for CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES350 N. Guadalupe, Suite 140, PMB 164

San Marcos, Texas 78666.

512-245-6232 www.criminaljusticestudies.com

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

http://www.criminaljusticestudies.com/

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