Crime Prevention Part I Improving Police Community Relations ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention...

Crime Prevention Part ICrime Prevention Part IImproving Police Community Improving Police Community

RelationsRelations

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• Define community policing and its principles

• Describe the benefits and the importance of citizen involvement

• Identify strategies for effective communication

• Identify the six factors for improving police community relations

• Describe the benefits of Neighborhood Watch


Crime Prevention as a BridgeCrime Prevention as a Bridge

Crime Prevention Crime Prevention efforts reduce polarization that sometimes exists between police and citizens.

Community PolicingCommunity Policing, Neighborhood Watch, Orange Hat Patrols, Weed & Seed, and McGruff programs build a bridge that enables residents and law enforcement to communicate, collaborate, and work together to build safer, more caring communities.


“A policing philosophy that promotes and supports

organizational strategies to address the causes of crime, to reduce the fear of crime and social disorder through problem-solving tactics and

community-police partnerships.”

- Community Oriented PolicingServices Office

Community Policing


The 8 “P’s” of The 8 “P’s” of Community ServiceCommunity Service

A PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHY of full service,PERSONALIZEDPERSONALIZEDPOLICINGPOLICING, where the same officerPATROLSPATROLS and works in the same area on aPERMANENTPERMANENT basis, from a decentralizedPLACEPLACE, working inPARTNERSHIPPARTNERSHIP with citizens to identify and solvePROBLEMSPROBLEMS


Community PolicingCommunity PolicingThe philosophy rests on the belief that law-

abiding citizens in the community have the responsibility to participate in the police process. It also rests on the belief that

solutions to today’s contemporary community problems demand freeing both community residents and law enforcement to explore creative ways to address neighborhood

concerns beyond a narrow focus on individual crimes.


Sir Robert PeelSir Robert PeelConsidered a “father” of law enforcement

Are his principles of policing still applicable today?

Absolutely!Absolutely!


Sir Robert Peel’s Sir Robert Peel’s Nine Principles of PolicingNine Principles of Policing

1. The basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crimecrime and disorderdisorder.

2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon public approval of police actions.

3. Police must secure the willing willing cooperation of the public in voluntary observance of the law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public.


4. The degree of cooperation of the public that can be secured diminishes proportionally to the necessity of the use of force.

5. Police seek and preserve public favor not by catering to public opinion but by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to the law.

6. Police use physical force to the extent necessary to secure observance of the law or to restore order only when the expertise of persuasion, advice, and warning is found to be insufficient.

Sir Robert Peel’s Nine Principles of Policing (cont.)

7. Police at all time should maintain a relationship with the public that gives reality to the historic tradition; the police are public and the public are the police. The police being only full-time individuals charged with the duties that are incumbent on all of the citizens.

8. Police should always direct their actions strictly towards their functions and never appear to usurp the powers of the judiciary.

9. The test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder, not the visible evidence of police action in dealing with it.

The more the various groups share common values, beliefs, and goals, the more likely it is that they will agree on common goals.

Normative Sponsorship TheoryNormative Sponsorship Theory

Most people are of good will.

They will cooperate with others to facilitate

the building of consensus.

Critical Social TheoryCritical Social TheoryEnlightenment-Give information

EmpowermentEmpowerment-Take action to improve conditions

Emancipation-People can achieve through social action

Community relationships provideCommunity relationships provide

Worth in social valueA more informedinformed citizenry

Example to young people and others

Added valueOpportunity to learn about law enforcement while working with law enforcement

Learning about citizens’ concerns©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part I is the intellectual property of CSCS-ICJS (2009)

How Do How Do People View People View the Police?the Police?

Agencies Opening Their Agencies Opening Their Doors to Citizens through Doors to Citizens through

Citizen Police Academies…Citizen Police Academies…Why can it be important?

Who can it benefit?


Philosophy of the Citizen Philosophy of the Citizen Police AcademyPolice Academy

Agency size and demographics can sometimes create barriers between the police and those they serve.

Community policing is paramount to the effectiveness of crime reduction.

Police ImageImage – There are many misconceptions to dispel.


Philosophy of the Citizen Police Philosophy of the Citizen Police Academy (cont.)Academy (cont.)

CommunityPoliceBusiness

SchoolsGovernmentYouth

Who Will Benefit from It?

EVERYONE!


Philosophy of the Citizen Police Philosophy of the Citizen Police Academy (cont.)Academy (cont.)

• Improved Cooperation

• Less Apathy• Reduction in

Crime• Reduction in

Fear of Crime

• Better Communications

• Improved Police Image

• Clear Understanding

What They AccomplishWhat They Accomplish


Introduction to Volunteers in Introduction to Volunteers in Police ServicePolice Service

Foundations of the VIPS ProgramFoundations of the VIPS Program2002 Presidential initiative

Department of Justice and IACP responsibilities

ConceptVolunteers from the community

Expanding law enforcement to the community

Grapevine Police Dept.Grapevine Police Dept.Has a model VIPSHas a model VIPSProgram in Texas!Program in Texas!

Volunteers in Police ServiceVolunteers in Police Service (cont.)

Why they are neededEase demands on law enforcement

Encourage a more informed citizenry

Provide an exampleexample to young people

Improve cooperation and understanding between the police and their community

ConsiderationsConsiderationsof Community Interactionof Community Interaction

How community volunteers can be used within their community

Legal issues

SafetySafety issues

Expertise issues


Community/Police Needs and Community/Police Needs and SupportSupport

Filling needs with volunteersFilling needs with volunteersCoordinating position

Prerecruitment action required

Role of the International Association of Chiefs of Police

Match volunteers to the organization’s strategic plan

Possible volunteer positions (adapt to local needs)

Recruiting and MarketingRecruiting and Marketing

Recruitment strategyRecruitment strategy

Who is your target?

Develop a plan

Recognize important existing networksnetworks and tap in to;

Churches, PTAs, community councils, Kiwanis, Rotarians, etc.Elementary and secondary

schools YouthYouth, courts, citizen police

academies

Recruiting and MarketingRecruiting and Marketing


Develop organizational marketing materials

WebsitesWebsites

Brochures

Fliers/handouts/fact sheets

Store window posters

Ads in local papers

Cable channel access

Recruiting and Marketing (cont.)Recruiting and Marketing (cont.)


MediaMedia assistancePublic service announcements

News releases

Pre-recruitment strategyPre-recruitment strategySecure top management buy-in

Develop organization marketing materials

Recruiting and Marketing (cont.)Recruiting and Marketing (cont.)


PositionPosition descriptionTime commitmentDefined program activitiesDirect supervisorWebsite access for personal record of service/journalHow long should volunteers serve?Age criteriaCitizen police academy attendance prior to service

What does a citizen needs to What does a citizen needs to know before volunteeringknow before volunteering??

Just like we train our police officer cadets, we must train our citizens and Establish the “RULES OF ENGAGEMENT”.“RULES OF ENGAGEMENT”.

Police Agency Management and Police Agency Management and Administrative IssuesAdministrative Issues

Agency mission, objectives, and goals

Define the agency’s mission, objectives, and goals

Volunteer concept and political consideration

Volunteer objectivesobjectives and goalsgoals within agency mission

Clear and specific department guidelines for volunteers


Develop a prerecruitment strategy according to the VIPS’ goal to help resource-constrained agencies

Internal management responsibilities

External management responsibilities

Who can manage the program

TrainingTraining issues

Liability issues

Funding issues

VIPS Management and VIPS Management and Administrative IssuesAdministrative Issues

Strategies for Strategies for Effective Effective

CommunicationCommunication


Trust Building ModelTrust Building Model

TRUSTTRUST

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

RELATIONSHIP AND PARTNERSHIP BUILDING

GREATER FLEXIBILITY AND RANGE OF SOLUTIONS

GREATER SUCCESS !GREATER SUCCESS !


The Communication ProcessThe Communication Process

Message cuescues

Listener supplies meaning

Content

Relate to your audienceaudience and build a rapport


The Communication Process The Communication Process (cont.)(cont.)

One-way or two-way communication

Verbal/nonverbal cues

Physical appearance

Solicit engagement and participation by using open-ended questions and feedback.


Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Communication ConsiderationsConsiderations

Facial expression

Tone of voice

Eye contactEye contact

Touch

Personal space

Territoriality

Time

Building Trust Through Building Trust Through Effective CommunicationEffective Communication

Effective ListeningEffective Listening

Listen to learnlearn and understand, not to challenge or persuade.

Take turns and listen for FACTS and FEELINGS. (Both are important.)


Six Factors Necessary To Improve

Police-Community Relations

The Six FactorsThe Six Factors

1.1. MembershipMembership

2. Environment

3. Process/Structure

4.4. CommunicationsCommunications

5. Purpose

6. Resources


MembershipMembership

1. Appropriate cross-section of members

2. Mutual respect, understanding, and trust

3. Members see that collaborationcollaboration is in their best interest.

4. Members develop an ability to compromise.


EnvironmentEnvironment

1. Political and socialsocial climate are favorable.

2. Collaborative group is viewed as a leader in the community.

3. There is a history or evidence of collaboration or cooperation in the community.


Process/StructureProcess/Structure1. Members are invested in the

process as well as the outcome.

2. Clear roles and responsibilities

3.3. FlexibilityFlexibility

4. Adaptability

5. Equal decision-making authority is held by each member regardless of rank, authority, or place in the hierarchy.

CommunicationCommunication1. Members learn to listen and

allow venting.2. There is open and frequent

communication.3. Members disclose self-interest

at first meeting.4. Members establish informal and

formal means of communication.


If your local media (television station will work with you try and set-up a weekly law enforcement television show.Use internalinternal resources such as crime analysis, crime prevention, most wanted and incorporate guest speakers from Crime Stoppers, D.A.R.E. whatever resources you have or can find.Saturday or Sunday afternoon show on public television – combine efforts of all local agencies….Great Public Relations!

CommunicationCommunication


PurposePurpose

1. Concrete, attainable goals and objectives

2. Shared vision

3. Desired results and strategies


ResourcesResources

1. A skilled and unbiased convener

2. Staff time and volunteer time

3. Sufficient funds


CRIME IN YOUR CRIME IN YOUR NEIGHBORHOODNEIGHBORHOOD

A lack of community involvement may lead to some of the most serious and perplexing problems your community faces.

Why is Community Involvement Why is Community Involvement Important?Important?

When members of a community are involved

with each other, they knowthey know

Their neighborsTheir neighbors

The daily “goings-on” in the The daily “goings-on” in the neighborhoodneighborhood

When something is wrongWhen something is wrong


One great way to perpetuate One great way to perpetuate community involvement is community involvement is

through the Neighborhood Watch through the Neighborhood Watch programprogram

What is the Neighborhood Watch What is the Neighborhood Watch program?program?

Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch was established in 1970 to bring residents together to interact and become the guardians for the police in their community.

Neighborhood Watch ConceptNeighborhood Watch Concept

Crime prevention group organized around a block, defined neighborhood, or business district

Serves as “eyeseyes and earsears” for law enforcement

Helps establish/reclaim informal control of an area by observation, visibility, and increased social interaction


Neighborhood Watch ConceptNeighborhood Watch Concept

Donates time and resources

Usually has no formal budgetno formal budget or funding sourcefunding source

Success results in reduction in crime and improved quality of life for neighborhood residents


The Benefits The Benefits of Neighborhood of Neighborhood WatchWatch

Studies show Neighborhood Watch is effective because it

Brings neighbors together around a common cause – safety and securityProvides basic skills to all members on preventing crime and reporting suspicious activity or crimesBuilds a base for action to correct neighborhood problemsWorks well with other civic associations

Additional Citizen Actions

Discuss your community’s overall security, including lighting, and contact neighbors or the proper authorities to request necessary improvements.

Contact your local law enforcement agency and work with it to discuss basic community modifications that may overcome current problems.


Are state crime prevention associations and Are state crime prevention associations and Neighborhood Watch programs involved in Neighborhood Watch programs involved in

community policing and homeland security?community policing and homeland security?

As citizens, we all share theresponsibility for reporting and

preventing terrorism in our communities. We can be alert and aware of those activities in

our neighborhood that may have links to terrorist and criminal

behavior.

Absolutely!

How can citizens be more aware?

Be informed: Read the newspaper, listen to or watch local and national news reports, and attend community meetings.

Be alert: Be familiar with your environment at home, school, work, church, and social events.

Be prepared: Have a prepared family plan for emergencies. Create a family first aid kit, attend crime prevention classes, and get involved with your local law enforcement and crime prevention associations.


In ConclusionIn Conclusion…

Community policing is the responsibility of both law enforcement AND community members. BOTH have important roles in community policing.

There are many ways to involve the community in crime-reduction and problem solving, including communitycommunity meetingsmeetings and citizen police academies.

Police and local citizens are “ALL” members of the community.


Questions and

Answers


BE BACK AN 1:00 PMBE BACK AN 1:00 PM

LUNCH TIMELUNCH TIME

DEFINE & PROCESSDEFINE & PROCESSDefine community policing and its principles

Describe the benefits and the importance of citizen involvement

Identify strategies for effective communication

Identify the six factors for improving police community relations

Describe the benefits of Neighborhood Watch

Sources & ResourcesSources & Resources• Community Policing Consortium

www.communitypolicing.org

• Volunteers in Police Service

www.policevolunteers.org

• Citizen Corps

www.citizencorps.gov


http://www.communitypolicing.org/

http://www.policevolunteers.org/

http://www.citizencorps.gov/

The National Crime Prevention The National Crime Prevention CouncilCouncil

1000 Connecticut Avenue, NW

Thirteenth Floor

Washington, DC 20036

202-466-6272

202-296-1356 fax

www.ncpc.org

Presenter Contact Information

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies350 N. Guadalupe, Suite 140, PMB 164

San Marcos, Texas 78666.

877-304-2727 www.cscs.txstate.edu


http://www.cscs.txstate.edu/

Crime Prevention Part I Improving Police Community Relations ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention...

Documents

Transcript of Crime Prevention Part I Improving Police Community Relations ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention...