Concept of well being, Spectrum of Health and Ecology of Health
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Transcript of Concept of well being, Spectrum of Health and Ecology of Health
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Concept of wellbeingSpectrum of healthEcology of health
Dr. Rizwan S AAssistant Professor
Department of Community MedicineVMCHRI, Madurai
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Learning objectives
• At the end of this class, you should be able to– Define well-being– Explain measurements
of well-being– Describe the concept of
spectrum of health– Describe ecological
aspects of health
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Definitions
• Objective– Standard of living/ Level
of living
• Subjective– Quality of life
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Objective definitionsStandard of Living• As per WHO– income – occupation– housing– sanitation – nutrition– health– education– recreation and other
service
Level of Living• As per United Nations– occupation– housing– food consumption– health– education– social security– clothing– recreation and leisure– human rights
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Subjective definitionQuality of Life• As per WHO• Factors that determine
– health– happiness– education– social and intellectual
attainments– freedom of action– justice– freedom of expression
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Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI)
• It includes three indicators such as – Infant mortality– Life expectancy
at 1yr– Literacy
• For each component, performance of a country is placed on a scale of 0 to 100
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Human Development Index (HDI)
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HDI 2014 world map
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Human Poverty Index
• HPI 1 and 2• It measures 3 dimensions– A long and healthy life– Knowledge– A decent standard of living
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Gender-related Development Index (GDI)
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Gender Empowerment Measure
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Other measures
• Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)
• Gender Inequality Index (GII)• Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)• Gini Index
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Question
• Physical quality of life does NOT include:a) Life expectancy at birthb) Life expectancy at 1 yearc) Infant mortality rated) Literacy
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Spectrum of health
• Health is a dynamic phenomenon
• Transition is often gradual, and where one state ends and other begins is a matter of judgment
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Ecology of health
• Ecology derived from the greek word ‘oikos’ meaning a house
• Human ecosystem includes– Natural environment – Man-made environment (physical, chemical, biological,
psychological)• According to this concept, health seen as an
equilibrium between man and his environment
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Environment affects health?
• Urbanization• Industrialization• Deforestation• Dams and canals
Examples: Malaria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Bhopal gas tragedy, Chernobyl nuclear accident
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Importance of ecology
• Ecological considerations should be built into planning of prevention of disease
• Important for control of disease like malaria, filariasis, cholera, etc.
• The greatest improvement in human health can be achieved through understanding environmental factors
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Summary
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THANK YOU
You can find this ppt at http://www.slideshare.net/RizwanSa Email your queries to [email protected]