CERVICAL SPINE GONIOMETRYVIBHUTI NAUTIYALMPT (MUSCULOSKELETAL)

CERVICAL FLEXION

Occurs in the sagittal plane Mediolateral axisi. Testing position: Sitting position Thoracic and lumbar spine well supported by the back of the chair Head in zero degree of rotation and lateral flexionii. Stabilization: Stabilize the shoulder girdle and chest by using a strap

iii. Testing motion: Put one hand on the back of the subjects head Other hand, hold the subjects chin Push gently but firmly on the back of the patients head to move the

head anteriorly Pull the patients chin toward the chest to move the subject through

flexion ROM End of the ROM occurs when further motion is restricted or further

attempts at flexion cause forward flexion of the trunk

iv. End feel: firmv. Goniometer alignment: Fulcrum: over the external auditory meatus Proximal arm: perpendicular to the ground Distal arm: base of the nares or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the

tongue depressorvi. Tape measurement: measure the distance between the tip of the chin

and the lower edge of the sternal notch

CERVICAL EXTENSION

Occurs in the sagittal plane Around a mediolateral axisi. Testing motion: Sitting position Thoracic and lumbar spine well supported by the back of a chair Head in zero degree of rotation and lateral flexionii. Stabilization: Stabilize the shoulder girdle and chest to prevent external of the thoracic and

lumbar spine Strap also may be used

iii. Testing motion: Put one hand on the back of the subjects head Other hand, hold the subjects chin Push gently but firmly upward and posterior on the chin to move the

head in extension End of the ROM occurs when resistance to further motion is felt and

further attempts at extension cause extension of the trunk.iv. End feel: firm

v. Goniometer alignment: Fulcrum: over the external auditory meatus Proximal arm: perpendicular to the ground Distal arm: base of the nares or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the

tongue depressorvi. Tape measurement: measure the distance between the mark at the

sternal notch and tip of the chin at the end of extension ROM

CERVICAL LATERAL FLEXION

Occurs in frontal plane AP axisi. Testing position: Sitting Cervical spine in zero degree of flexion, extension and rotationii. Stabilisation: Stabilize the shoulder girdle and chest To prevent lateral flexion of the thoracic spine and lumbar spine

iii. Testing motion: Grabs the subjects head at the top and side Pull the head towards the shoulder End of the motion occurs when resistance is felt and further attempts cause

lateral flexion of trunkiv. End feel: firmv. Goniometer alignment: Fulcrum: C7 spinous process Proximal arm: perpendicular to the ground Distal arm: parallel to the occiput

vi. Tape measurement: measure the distal between the tip of the acromion process and tip of the ear at the end of the lateral flexion ROM

CERVICAL ROTATION Transverse plane Vertical axisi. Testing position Sitting Thoracic and lumbar spine supported Spine in zero degree of flexion, extension and lateral flexionii. Stabilization: Shoulder girdle and chest Prevent rotation of the thoracic and lumbar spine Strap around the chest

iii. Testing motion: Grab the subjects chin and rotate the head to the shoulderiv. End- feel: firmv. Goniometer alignment: Fulcrum: centre of the cranial aspect Proximal arm: imaginary line between 2 acromion process Distal arm: parallel to the tip of nose or tongue depressorvi. Tape measurement: measure the distance between chin and acromion process