Hairy T-cell

Definition= Three part theory about cells

1. All living things are made of cells.

Part 2 of the Theory2. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.

Part 3 of the Theory3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. yeast cells dividing

Who came up with this theory?1. Schleiden (circa 1838)

All plants are made of cells!

Onion skin cells

Who came up with this theory?2. SchwannAll animals are made of cells!Human red blood cells

Who came up with this theory?3. Virchow

All cells come from pre-existing cells!

How big are cells?Microscopic (mostly)Measured in microns m (micrometers).

A m is one millionth of a meter = 10-9 m = one thousandth of 1 mm.

How big are cells?Smallest free-living cell = Mycoplasma genitalium

Size = 0.2 to 0.3 m

How big are cells?Bacteria e.g. Eschericia coli (aka E.coli)Size=1 m by 3 m

How big are cells?Human red blood cell = 8 m in diameter

How big are cells?Largest cell on the human body = ovumSize= 1000 m in diameter (1 mm)

How big are cells?Smallest cell in the human body = sperm cell.

How big are cells?Largest cell with a metabolism = Chaos chaos Size=1-5 mm in length. common name = Giant Amoeba

Chaos diffluens, is an amoeba closely related to the giant amoebae

How big are cells?Largest cell = yolk of an ostrich egg

Ostrich, egg, humans

Ostrich emerged from egg

How can we study cells?

Problem:They are microscopic!

Solution:Use a microscope!

Types of Microscopes

Compound light microscope

Light passes through lenses to magnify image up to 1000XCan observe living cells

Types of Microscopes

2. Electron microscopeUses a beam of electrons to magnify image > 1000XKills cells being observed

Common features of all cellsSmall size allows materials to move via diffusionDiffusion = process by which molecules move from levels of high concentration to levels of low concentration until equilibrium is reached

DiffusionGoogle Image Result for http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/lecgraphics/diffusion.gif

Common features of all cells1. Cell Membrane selectively/differentially permeable (lets some things in and out)

Common features of all cells2. Cytoplasm semi-fluid material in which cell organelles float

Common features of all cells3. Nucleic acid containing genetic code : Which nucleic acid?DNA

Common features of all cells4. Cytoskeleton proteins that support the cell

(Microtubules & microfilaments)

Common features of all cells5. Ribosomes make proteins

If Cells could be really big Star Trek - The Immunity Syndrome

Bibliography

http://www.hotlinecancer.com/?cat=28http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4636121.stmhttp://www.thebacteriabusters.com/eColi.htmlhttp://www.lungcancer.co.uk/how.htmhttp://www.fi.edu/learn/heart/blood/red.htmlhttp://biology.about.com/library/weekly/aa091400a.htmhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/babies/peopleevents/e_ovum.htmlhttp://www.dkimages.com/discover/Home/Animals/Birds/Growth-and-Development/Ostrich/Ostrich/Ostrich-15.htmlhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/71751551@N00/1262329163/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Ostrich_egg.jpghttp://www.mambalam.net/slideshow.php?set_albumName=Animaliahttp://strangebenevolent.blogspot.com/2007/07/meerkats-and-ostriches.htmlwww.madsci.org/posts/archives/dec97/878139903.Cb.r.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoeba_proteushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Immunity_Syndrome_(Star_Trek

Bibliographyhttp://www.pacpress.com/level3/micron.htmGoogle Image Result for http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/lecgraphics/diffusion.gif

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Diffusion.jpg

http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/cell_membranes.html

http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cells/e/ribosomes/

http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/580DNA.htmlhttp://sciencecity.oupchina.com.hk/biology/student/glossary/cytoplasm.asphttp://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect06.htm