Unit 2: Biochemistry & The Cell

Name: Date: Aim #12 Cell Theory: What ideas make up the cell theory? A) The Cell Theory: The cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Hundreds of years of cell study

have given us information about the cell known as the cell theory.

The Cell Theory 1) The cell is the _________________________ of all living things. This means that ALL living things

are made up of _________________

Ø Smallest living things are made up of ONE CELL, called _____________________ organisms

Ø Large organisms can be made of MANY CELLS, called ______________________ organisms

2) All of the organism’s ____________________________________ are carried out by ______________

or parts of cells

3) Cells ____________________ from (come from) other living (_________________________) cells,

NOT from nonliving matter

B) Exceptions to the Cell Theory: As scientists continued to study the cell they discovered facts that could not be

explained by the cell theory. These facts are called the exceptions to the cell theory.

Exceptions to the Cell Theory

1) ______________________: Are not made up of cells. They contain DNA or RNA but needs to enter a host cell (another cell, usually in another organism) in order to reproduce and divide

2) Where did the______________________ come from? The first cell could not have arisen from a previously existing cell. Scientists do not know the origin (beginning) of the first cell

C) Two Main Cell Types: All cells ___________________________, which are tiny specialized structures that

carry out life functions. Many of these organelles have an outer _____________________.

CELL TYPE FACTS PICTURE/EXAMPLE

PROKARYOTIC

(Primitive = first)

• DO NOT have a _________________ • DO NOT have membrane bound organelles • Simple

• ___________ cells to inhabit Earth

Ex) Bacteria

EUKARYOTIC

Eu= true Karyote = core/nucleus

• HAVE a _______________________ • HAVE membrane bound organelles

(nucleus, mitochondria, ribosome etc.) • Complex

Ex) Plants, Animals

D) Cell Structure and Function: There are MANY different types of cells. Although all cells have many

structures and organelles in common to carry out important life processes, their cellular

___________________ determines its special _________________.

Ø Do all of the cell types listed above have the same shape? ________

Ø Do all of the cell types perform the same job? ________

Ø Why do you think the sperm cell has a tail when the other cells do not?

Ø Why do you think the red blood cells are circular when the other cells are not?

E) Multicellular Organization:

a. Organelles make up

b. Cells make up

c. Tissues make up

d. Organs make up

e. Organ systems make up

Aim #12 Practice Questions