Cell Structures

What is an organelle?

• “In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.”

http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/o/organelle.htm

Which structure/organelle?

• forms the outer boundary of the cell

• contains receptor sites which allow entry of materials that affect cell activity

cell membrane

Which structure/organelle?

• control centre of the cell

• directs all of the cell's activities

• contains hereditary or genetic information

nucleus

Which structure/organelle?

• small spherical structure within the nucleus

• involved in making ribosomal RNA

nucleolus

Which structure/organelle?

• site of protein synthesis

• made of RNA and protein

ribosomes

Which structure/organelle?

• fluid that contains all the parts of a cell inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus

• transport & processing of nutrients, storage of wastes, etc.

cytoplasm

Which structure/organelle?

• whiplike tail with contractile proteins that helps a cell move, e.g., on sperm cells

flagellum

Which structure/organelle?

• short, hairlike projections from cell membrane with contractile proteins that move in a coordinated fashion to help cell move or to move materials, e.g, cells lining trachea

cilia

Which structure/organelle?

• the "power plant" of the cell

• provides the cell with needed energy in a series of chemical processes called cellular respiration

mitochondrion

Which structure/organelle?

• network of interconnected canals that carries materials through the cytoplasm

• rough has many ribosomes attached to it

• smooth synthesizes fats or lipids

endoplasmic reticulum

Which structure/organelle?

• membrane-bound sacs

• stores, modifies, and packages proteins from the RER

Golgi apparatus

Which structure/organelle?

• formed by the Golgi apparatus, contain variety of enzymes that break down large molecules and cell parts within the cytoplasm

• found only in animal cells

lysosomes

Which structure/organelle?

• pipelike structures found in the cytoplasm that help provide share and movement for the cells

microfilaments

Which structure/organelle?

• composed of proteins, found in cilia & flagella

• tiny tubelike fibres that transport materials throughout the cytoplasm

microtubules

Which structure/organelle?

• chemical factories and storehouses for food and colour pigments in plant cells, e.g., chloroplasts specialize in photosynthesis, amyloplasts store starch, chromoplasts store colour pigments in fruits and flowers, etc.

plastids

Which structure/organelle?

• composed of cellulose, protects and supports plant cells

cell wall