Agenda Standard Cell Organelle Notes Cell Organelle Campaign.
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Transcript of Agenda Standard Cell Organelle Notes Cell Organelle Campaign.
Agenda
Standard Cell Organelle Notes Cell Organelle Campaign
Standard
SB1. Students will analyze the nature of the relationships between structures and functions in living cells. a. Explain the role of cell organelles for both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis and cell reproduction.
Cell Structures and Function
Cell Organelles
TINY MEMBRANE-BOUND STRUCTURES THAT PERFORM SPECIAL FUNCTIONS INSIDE THE CELL
Cell WallPlant, Fungi, &
Bacteria, but not animal cells
Outer layer Rigid & strong Made of cellulose Provide support and
protection
Cell Membrane All cells Double layer of
phospholipids with proteins Selectively permeable support and protection Controls movement of
materials in/out of cell Barrier between cell and its
environment Maintains homeostasis
Nucleus
All eukaryotes Large, oval Holds DNA Controls cell activities Contains the hereditary
material of the cell
Cytoplasm
All cells Clear, thick, jellylike material Contains the cytoskeleton
fibers Supports and protects cell
organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Eukaryotes Network of tubes or membranes Smooth w/o ribosomes Rough with embedded
ribosomes Carries materials through cell Aids in making proteins
Ribosomes All cells Small bodies; can be free or
attached to ER Made of rRNA & protein Synthesizes proteins
Mitochondria Eukaryotes Peanut shaped Double membrane Inner membrane folded into
cristae Breaks down sugar
(glucose) molecules to release energy
Site of cellular respiration
Vacuole Plant (large), Animal (small) Fluid-filled sacs Largest organelle in plant
cells Store food, water, metabolic
& toxic wastes Store large amounts of food
or sugars in plants
Lysosomes
Plant (uncommon), Animal (common) Small and round with a single membrane Breaks down larger food molecules into
smaller molecules Digests old cell parts
Chloroplast Plant and Algae Green, oval containing
chlorophyll (green pigment) Uses energy from sun to
make food (glucose) Site of photosynthesis Release oxygen
Nucleolus
Eukaryotes Found inside the cell's
nucleus Disappears during cell
division Make ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus (Body) Plant and Animal Stacks of flattened sacs Modify proteins made by the
cells Package & export proteins
and lipids
Flagella and Cilia Some animal cells,
prokaryotes Cilia are short and
numerous Flagella are long, usually
only one or two on a cell Provides movement for
the cell Made of microtubules
Centrioles
Animal Made of microtubules
and microfilaments Strengthen cell &
maintains the shape Moves organelles
within the cell
Cytoskeleton
All cells Strengthen cell &
maintains the shape Moves organelles
within the cell Made of microtubules
and microfilaments