Cell Structure and Function

Cell Theory

All Living things are made up of cells

Cells are the smallest working units of all living things

All cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division

CellA cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions

Examples of Cells

Red Blood Cell

Bacteria

Nerve Cell

“Typical” Animal Cell

“Typical” Plant Cell

Cell Parts

Cell MembraneOuter membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell

Double layer

Cell WallMost commonly found in plant cells & bacteria

Supports & protects cells

Inside the Cell

NucleusControls center of the cell

Contains genetic material - DNA

Nuclear Membrane

Surrounds nucleus

Made of two layers

Openings allow material to enter and leave nucleus

NucleolusInside nucleus

Contains RNA to build proteins

CytoplasmGel-like material between the nucleus and cell membrane

Endoplasmic ReticulumMoves

materials around in cell

Smooth type: lacks ribosomes

Rough type ribosomes embedded in surface

RibosomesEach cell contains thousands

Make proteins Found on ribosomes & floating throughout the cell

MitochondriaReleases energy from nutrients

Golgi BodiesArea that stores and packages chemicals

LysosomeTransports undigested material to cell membrane for removal

VacuolesMembrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal

ChloroplastUsually found in plant cells

Contains green chlorophyll

Where photosynthesis takes place

CentrioleFound in most animal cells

Any Questions?

References: http://science-class.net/