Cell Membrane Foldable

“Fluid Mosaic Model”

The Cell Membrane

Proteins – decrease membrane fluidity

Functions of Membrane …

Hydrophilic (water loving)

Hydrophobic (water fearing)

Glycerol

1) Phospholipid (increase fluidity)

Main component of membrane

•Choline (hat)

•Phosphate (head)

•Glycerol (neck)

• Fatty Acids (tails)• Saturated – single bond = straight• Unsaturated – double bond = bent

2) Phospholipid bilayer

Hydrophobic tails face each other to avoid water.

•Only small and nonpolar (O2) or polar (H2O) can cross

• Large or charged ions can not pass

3) Integral Protein

Are embedded deep in the bilayer or cross through the entire layer.

Channel Protein

•Passive Transport

•Moves from high to low concentration

4) Peripheral Protein

Are on surface or shallow in the bilayer.

•Regulates cell signaling

5) Cholesterol

Hydrophilic OH- head and hydrophobic body (4 rings)

•Align with phospholipids

•Regulate fluidity

6) Glycolipid

Marker for cell recognition

Source of energy for the cell

(edible name tag for cell)

7) Oligosaccharide

•Recognition protein (name tag for protein)

8) Glycoprotein

•Acts in cell signaling

•Allows for communication

9) Transport

Used to move large or charged molecules

• Facilitated and active transport

10) Attachment and Recognition

Attach to cytoskeleton or to other cells (anchors)

• aka Adhesion proteins

11) Receptor for Signaling

Bind to hormones or growth factors

• Triggers a chain of reactions within the cell

12) Enzymatic Activities

Catalyze biochemical reactions

e.g. ADP + P+→ ATP

Ion Carrier

Pump Protein • Active Transport• Moves from low to high concentrations

ADP + P+ ATP

Cytoskeleton filament