CHURCH OF SEED

GERTRUDE LEE0306265

KEE TING TING0310019

MEERA NAZREEN MASRULHISHAM0309630

NURUL JANNAH JAILANI0310210

SHARIFAH DIYANA SYED HUSSAIN1006AH78373

SOH YOU SHING0308010

SURAYYN SELVAN0309818

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2[ARC 2513]

CONTENT

PROJECT INTRODUCTION

BUILDING INTRODUCTION

CONSTRUCTION METHODS

MODELLING PROCESS

TRIAL AND ERROR

LOAD DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS

FINAL MODEL

CONCLUSION

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PROJECT INTRODUCTION

IN A GROUP OF 7, WE ARE TO CHOOSE A PARTICULAR BUILDING, EITHER ONE WITH A SOLID CONSTRUCTION OR ONE WITH ASURFACE CONSTRUCTION (CHOSEN BY THE LECTURER), AND STUDY THE VARIOUS STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS THAT ARE USED IN THE PAR-TICULAR BUILDING. THE STRUCTURAL SYSTEM IS TO CONSIST OF TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT TYPES. THE IDENTIFIED SYSTEMS ARE THEN BEING DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF FUNCTION, MATERIALS AND LOAD DISTRIBUTION. IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE BUILDING BETTER, A MODEL IS TO BE BUILT TO A SUITABLE SCALE AS WELL AS A SUITABLE MATERIALS REPRESENTING THE ORIGINAL BUILDING.

BUILDING INTRODUCTION

Church of Seed is a project designed by a Hong Kong based architecture firm; O Studio Architecture. The mentioned building is built at one of Chi-na’s sacred mountain top which is the Luofo Mountain Scenery District. Living up to its name Church of Seed, the church is designed based on a real seed as a representation of spiritu-al growth, a metaphor element that frequently appear in Gospel stories. Apart from that, the particular shape was chosen as to respect the natural environment as well as the local culture. It is also to blend in together with the surrounding as opposed to dominating them. The entire building is divided into 3 parts which contributes to 3 different entrances with the wor-ship hall situated in the centre. The worship hall consists of 60 handcrafted chairs which were crafted by the locals in a nearby village. The curved walls were constructed in situ with bam-boo, which is one of China’s trademarks in the con-struction world. In addition to that, the walls has a finishing of bamboo imprints on them, symboliz-es the local village’s hut. They were also created to blend in well with area. The very distinctive roof is also one of the church’s highlight. Sloping

steps are used as the roof to portray water flow. This particular element can be seen from the inside of the church. There are steps on the roofs which are accessible to the public which leads them to an observation deck. The height of the roof gradually increased with the lowest point starts from the main en-trance. Such differences are to give the visi-tors or users a sense of gravity as well as the grandeur appearance. However, the splen-dour is well balanced with the humble interior that contributes in exhibiting peacefulness. Although the building took the concept (seed shape) in a literal manner, it is not to the intention to illustrate the church. The interplay of lights, shadows, materials and texture are to be the main religious ico-nography, apart from the 12 metres high glass crucifix located on the southeast wall.

• 12 metres high crucifix as source of light and warmth • Roof as steps leading to the observation deck over viewing the mountain and ocean beyond• In situ bamboo used during the moulding of concrete• Very minimalistic and unassuming (humble) interior for a quiet reflection and community engagement• Handcrafted seats by the locals from local timber • No other ornaments as religious iconography apart from the crucifix

FEATURED ELEMENTS

CONSTRUCTION METHODS

THE ENTIRE WALL FOR CHURCH OF SEED IS MADE OUT OF RAW CONCRETE WHICH ARE CAST IN-SITU BY USING BAMBOO. THEREFORE, THE MOST PROMINENT CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR THE CHURCH OF SEED IS THE FAMOUS BAMBOO REINFORCED CONCRETE. THE FOLLOWING ARE METHODS TAKEN TO CONSTRUCT THE CHURCH’S BAMBOO REINFORCED WALLS.

1. CONCRETE MIX PROPORTIONS

A SIMILAR PROPORTION OF THE MIX ARE USED AS THE ONE APPLIED IN A STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE. HOWEVER, THE AMOUNT OF WATER SHOULD BE CONTROL AS WATER WOULD AID IN THE SWELLING OF BAMBOO.

2. PLACEMENT OF BAMBOO

BAMBOOS ARE PLACED AND TIED IN A UNIFORM GRID-FORM ARRANGEMENT (REPLACING THE NORMAL STEEL BARS). THE THICKNESS OF CEMENT BEING POURED ONTO THE GRID BAMBOO ARE TO BE MORE THAN 2.5CM.

3. ANCHORAGE AND SPLICING OF REINFORCEMENTS

THE FOOTING FOR THE WALL REINFORCEMENTS WILL BE THEN BE IMBEDDED IN THE CONCRETE UNTIL THE DEPTH OF BOTH BAMBOO AND CONCRETE REACH A TENSILE STRENGTH WHICH IS USUALLY 10 TIMES THE DIAMETER FOR THE WHOLE CULMS OF THE BAMBOO.

CONCRETE MIXING

PLACEMENT OF BAMBOOS IN GRID BEFORE COVERED WITH CONCRETE

CONCRETE

CHICKEN / WIRE MESH

BAMBOO GRID

MODELLING PROCESS

ROOF

MATERIALS ARE BEING CUT; SATAY STICKS AS THE REINFORCEMENTS OF ROOF, ROOF SHAPE CUT-

OUT FROM MODEL MAKING BOARDS AS THETEMPLATE

THE CUTOUT MATERIALS ARE ARRANGED TO FORM THE ROOF SHAPE

THE PLASTER ARE LEFT TO DRY THEN PAINTED TO A SIMILAR COLOUR OF THE ORIGINAL ROOF

ROOF TEMPLATE ARE POURED WITH PLASTER MIX AND IS PUT ASIDE VERTICALLY TO HARDEN

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WALLS

CUTOUTS OF THE TEMPLATE FOR THE WALLS PLASTER ARE POURED INTO THE WALL TEM-PLATE AND ARE LEFT TO DRY

THE WALLS TEMPLATE ARE REMOVED AND ARE BEING LEFT TO COOL DOWN

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FLOOR PLANS ARE BEING TRACED WHICH WILL THEN BE TRANSFER TO MODEL MAKING

BOARDS AS REFERENCE

CUTOUTS OF THE FLOORS ARE ORGANIZED BEFORE BEING GLUE TOGETHER

THE CUTOUTS ARE HOLD TIGHTLY TO-GETHER TO LET THE GLUE DRY AND THAT

ALL OF THE CUTOUTS ARE PLACED IN THEIR RESPECTIVE PLACE

FLOOR

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WALL TEXTURE

VASELINE ARE APPLIED TO AN A3 CLEAR PAPER TO MAKE SURE THE CLAY DOES NOT

STICK

ROLLING PIN ARE USED TO FLATTEN THE CLAY

A RULER’S EDGE ARE IMPRINTED ON THE FLATTEN CLAY TO PRODUCE A BAMBOO-

LIKE TEXTURECLAY WITH BAMBOO-LIKE IMPRINTS ARE

PASTED AROUND THE WALLS AND LEFT TO DRY

WALLS WITH PASTED CLAY ARE BEING PAINTED TO THE ORIGINAL BUILDING’S COLOUR

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TRIAL AND ERROR

UNEVEN SURFACE RESULTING FROM THE DISPROPORTIONATE MIXTURE OF

PLASTER POWDER AND WATER

DIFFICULTIES IN MIXING PLASTER WITH AN ANGLED CONTAINER

FROSTED PAPER WILL NOT STICK IN BETWEEN THE PLASTER WITHOUT CUTTING A SLIT BEFOREHAND

CARDBOARDS CUTOUT DOES NOT GIVE OUT A PERFECT SHAPE FOR THE PLASTER AS IT DO NOT HAVE

SMOOTH EDGES

CUTOUT PANEL CLAY AS THE BAM-BOO-LIKE IMPRINTED WALL IS NOT

APPEALING

LOAD DISTRUBUTION ANALYSIS

COMPRESSION FORCE TENSION FORCE

THE HORIZONTAL BEAMS (RED ARROWS) ARE ACTUALLY THE ROOF THAT HELPS IN TRANSFERRING THE LOAD, TENSION FORCE, HORIZONTALLY TO A VERTICAL PLANE; THE WALLS (YELLOW ARROWS).THE TENSION FORCE IS THEN BEING TRANSFERED TOWARDS THE VERTICAL PLANE WHICH IS THE WALL, VERTICALLY. SUCH ACT IS CALLED THE COMPRESSION FORCE.AS THE ENTIRE CHURCH OF SEED ARE MADE OF THE SAME WALL AND DOES NOT CONSIST OF ANY COLUMNS OR ADDITIONAL WALLS ON THE INTERIOR, SIMILAR LOAD DISTRIBUTION ARE BEING APPLIED.

THE BLUE ARROWS INDICATED IN THE ABOVE DIAGRAM ARE THE FORCE EXERTED FROM THE LIVE LOAD ( PEOPLE, MACHINERY, ETC. )

LIVE LOAD

FINAL MODEL

THE MODEL HIGHLIGHTS SEVERAL ASPECTS OF THE BUILDING SUCH AS THE MASSING, PLACEMENT OF BAMBOO REINFORCEMENT, TEXTURE OF THE BAMBOO FORMWORK, ROOF TO WALL JOINTING SYSTEM AS WELL AS WALL TO WALL JOINTING SYSTEM

CONCLUSION

UPON COMPLETING THE PROJECT, IT IS NOW EASIER TO UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF THE STRUCTURAL SYSTEM USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS. WE COULD IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENCES IN STRUCTURAL SYSTEM BETWEEN A SURFACE CONSTRUCTION AND A SOLID CONSTRUCTION DIFFERENT METHODS ARE BE-ING APPLIED TO DIFFERENT TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONS.FURTHERMORE, WE ARE ABLE TO DISCOVER THE LOADS AND THE FORCES ACT ON THE STRUCTURAL ELE-MENTS FOR BOTH SOLID AND SURFACE CONSTRUC-TION. BASED ON THE INFORMATION OR KNOWLEDGE GAINED, IT IS EASIER IN IMPLEMENTING THEM TO OUR

FUTURE DESIGNS.