BOOK LAYOUT FINAL2kelsa.nic.in/downloads/schemes_mal.pdf · 1 tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n 12/11...

$: BOOK LAYOUT FINAL2kelsa.nic.in/downloads/schemes_mal.pdf · 1 tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n 12/11 Pmw\K¿ lukv, jmP-lm≥ tdmUv, \yqU¬ln-˛110011 t^m¨: 011-˛23386176, 23382778, ^mIvkv:$
1

tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n

12/11 Pmw\K¿ lukv, jmP-lm≥ tdmUv, \yqU¬ln-˛110011

t^m¨: 011-˛23386176, 23382778, ^mIvkv: 23382121

sh_vssk‰v : www.nalsa.gov.in

2

3

kqNnI

{Ia.-\-º¿. ]≤Xn t]Pv

1. NALSA (a\p-jy-°S-Øen\pw hmWn-Py-]-c 5 - 18

ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw Cc-bm-b-h¿°pw)

]≤Xn 2015.

2. NALSA (Akw-LSn-X ta-J-ebn-se sXm-gn-em-fnI-fp-sS 18 - 31

\n-b-a tk-h-\ßƒ) ]≤Xn 2015

3. NALSA (inip kulrZ \nba tkh-\-ßfpw 33 - 52

AhcpsS kwc-£-W-hpw) ]≤Xn 2015

4. NALSA (am\-kn-I-tcm-Khpw am\-knI 53 - 67

sshI-ey-hp-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°m-bp≈

\nba tk-h-\ßƒ) ]≤Xn 2015

5. NALSA (Zmcn-{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-Ifp-sS 69- 78

^-e-{]-Zam-b \-S-Øn-∏n-\m-bp≈ ]-≤Xn) ]≤Xn 2015

6. NALSA (tKm{X-h¿§Ah-Imikwc-£Whpw 79 - 101

\n¿Δ-l-W-hpw) ]≤Xn 2015

7. NALSA (a-b-°p-a-cp∂p Zpcp]tbmKØns‚ 103 - 119

Cc-Iƒ°pw ab°p acp∂v aqe-ap≈ hn]-Øp-Isf

\n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ \nba klm-b-ßƒ)

]≤Xn 2015

4

5

a\p-jy-¡S- en\pw hmWn-Py-]-c- ssewKnI Nqj-

W- n\pw Cc-bm-b-hÀ¡papÅ NALSAbpsS

]²Xn , 2015.

6

7

a\p-jy-°S-Øen\pw hmWn-Py-]-c- ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw

Cc-bm-b-h¿°pap≈ NALSAbpsS ]≤Xn, 2015.

]›m-Øew

1987˛se eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn‰n BIvSns‚ 4(_n) hIp∏v {]Imcw

\mj-W¬ eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXmdn‰n F∂ tI{μ AtXm-dn-‰nsb Cu BIvSn-

eqsS G‰hpw {]tbm-P-\-{]-Zhpw kmº-Øn-I-]-c-hp-amb ]≤-Xn-I-fn-eqsS \nb-a-

]-c-amb tkh-\-ßƒ cq]Iev∏\ sNøp-hm≥ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

1987˛se eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn‰n BIvSns‚ Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ Zp¿_-e-hn-

`m-K-ßƒ°p-th-≠n-bmWv eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn‰n \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂pw

kmº-Øn-I-amtbm A√-¶n¬ a‰p sshI-ey-ß-fpsStbm ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \oXn

e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ßƒ GsXmcp ]u-c\pw \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-n√

F∂p≈ Hcp I¿Ø-hy-t_m-[hpw Ah-cn¬ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

hmWn-Pym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-cm-b-hcpw

a\p-jy-°-S-Øn-eq-tStbm kzta-[bm ssewKnI sXmgn-en¬ G¿s∏ń-cn-°p-∂-hcpw

AXy-[nIw ]m¿iz-h¬°-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ hn`m-K-am-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn¬

bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-√. Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ hnkva-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p. Ah-

cpsS Pohn-X-\n-e-hm-c-tØtbm Pohn-X-sØtbm Bcpw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂n-√.

Ah¿s°-¥p-]-‰n-sb-∂-Xntem Ah-cp-sS Ipń-I-sf-∏-‰ntbm B¿°pw bmsXmcp

Xm¬]-cyhp-an-√. F∂n´pw tIhew Ah¿ Bcm-Ip∂p F∂ hkvXp-X-bn¬ Ah-

sc-√m-hcpw Kh¨sa‚ns‚ hnhn[ ]≤-Xn-I-fnse B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ°v A¿l-cm-

Wv.

hmWn-Pym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw ISØ-en\pw hnt[-

b-am-Ip∂ Cc-Iƒ, ISØ-en¬ AI-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-ep-]cn Ah-cpsS c£-s∏-S-

en-\p-ti-jhpw hf-sc-b-[nIw BLm-X-ßƒ t\cn-tS≠n hcp-∂p. Ch-cpsS tIkv

XpS¿∂v \S-tØ-s≠-∂m-{K-ln-°p-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂pw A√-¶n¬ Ch¿ Xncn®v hc-

W-sa∂v B{K-ln-°p-∂-h-cmb IS-Øp-Im-cn¬ \n∂pw Chsc kwc-£n-t°≠Xv

AXym-h-iy-ambn hcp-∂p. Ch¿°v Pohn-X-Øn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw {]iv\-ßƒ t\cn-

tS≠n hcp∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ as‰mcp D]-Po-h\ am¿§w Ch¿°v e`n-°p-∂n-√m-

sb-¶n¬, ho≠pw IS-Ø-en-te°v Xncn®p t]mIp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ßƒ hf-tc-

bmWv.

PRAJWALA b¬ sNbvX Write petition (C) No. 56/2004 ¬ hmWn-

Py-]-c-ambn ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\v Cc-bm-b-h¿°pw ssewKnI sXmgn-em-fn-

Iƒ°pw th≠n NALSA kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bn¬ ka¿∏n® dnt∏m¿ń¬ Xmsg ]d-

8

bp∂ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ FSp-°p-hm≥ \n¿t±-in-®n-cp-∂p.

eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n°v D≈ apJy ]¶ns\ {]mcw` L -Øn¬

{]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p≈ dnt∏m¿´n¬ Bh¿Øn®v Du∂n ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ C{]-Im-

c-am-Wv.

a) a\p-jy-°-S-Øen\pw ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw hnt[-b-cm-bn- p-≈-hsc

tamNn-∏n-°p∂ ka-bØpw AXn-\p-tijw hnNm-cW ka-bØpw \nba-]-

c-amb klm-b-ßƒ e`y-am-°p-I.

b) Section 357A Cr.P.C. {]Imcw ]oUn-X-cm-b-h¿°v (C-c-Iƒ°v)˛ DLSA

bneqsS \jvS]-cn-lmcw e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kuI-cy-ßƒ k÷o-I-cn-

°p-I.

c) Ct∏mƒ \nehnep≈Xpw e`yam-bn- p-≈-Xpamb ]p\c[nhmk kuIcy

ßƒ tamNn-∏n-°-s∏´ (C-c-Iƒ°pw) ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw a\p-jy°S

Øen\pw hnt[-b-cm-°-s∏- -h-cp-amb ]oUn-X¿°v e`y-am-Ip∂ps≠∂vF∂v

Dd∏phcp-ØpI.

d) Zp¿_e hn`m-K-ßƒ°p th≠nbpw Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ Xs∂ D≈ kap-

Zm-bnI hn`m-K-ßƒ°p th≠nbpw DLSA ]m\-en-ep≈ A`n- m-j-IcptSbpw

a‰p ]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf‚n-tb-gvkn-s‚bpw a‰pw kl-I-c-W-tØmsS a\pjy-

°-S-Øens‚ hnhn[ hi-ß-sf-°p-dn®v t_m[-h¬°-cW ¢m p-Iƒ kw

L-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

e) DLSA--Hcp tI{μ-_n-μp-hp-ambn {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v ]m¿iz-h¬°cn-°s∏-

-h¿°v th≠n-bp≈ k¿°m¿ kvIoap-Iƒ Ah¿°p e`yamIp∂pt≠m

F∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xpw k¿°m-cns‚ ]n¥p-W, a\p-jy-°-S-Øens\

Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw CcIsf a\p-jy-°-S-ØpIm-cn¬ \n∂v

c£n-°p∂Xn\pw Ign-bp-∂-Xp-amWv.-

f) a\p-jy-°-S-Øen\v Cc-bmb hy‡n-I-fpsS ]p\-c-[n-hmk ]n¥pWbv°p

th≠n tIm¿∏-td‰v temIsØ t_m[-h¬°-cn-°m\pw CSR\p Iogn¬

Ch-cpsS Ign-hp-Isf hf¿Øp-∂Xn\pw sXmgn-e- y-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw th

≠n ap≥ssI FSp-°pI.

g) Kh¨sa‚ v tPmen-°m¿, k¿°m¿ A`n- m-j-I¿, eoK¬ k¿Δokkv A

tXm-dn-‰n-bn-ep≈ A`n- m-j-I¿, t]meokv F∂nh¿°pw PpUojydnIƒ°pw

]cnio-e\hpw t_m[-h¬°-c-Whpw \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ SLSAbpsS klmb

9

hpw e`y-am-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.

h) IqSmsX Cu taJ-e-bn¬Xs∂ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ {]mtZ-inI hnZym- ymk

ÿm]-\-ßƒ, s]mXp kmaqly kwL-S\Iƒ, Kh¨sa‚n-Xc kwL-S-

\-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-bp-ambpw kl-I-cn®p {]h¿Øn-°mhp-∂-XmWv.

NALSA-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bpsS ta¬t\m- -Øn¬

hnhn[ Xe-Øn¬ eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n°v th≠n-bp≈ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ

cq]-I¬∏-\ -sN-øm-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ FSp-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

CXns‚ e£y-Øn-emWv Ct∏mƒ Cu ]≤-Xn-Iƒ cq]-I¬]\sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

Cu ]≤-Xn-Iƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-s°m-≠v hnhn[ Xe-Øn-ep≈ eoK¬ k¿Δokv

AtXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ, kaq-l-Øn¬ ]m¿iz-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ P\-ßƒ°p-th≠n \nb-a-

]-c-amb tkh-\-ßƒ e-{]-Z-ambn \n¿h-ln-°p-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.

]≤-Xn-bpsS t]cv

Cu ]≤Xn hmWn-Py-]c ssewKnI NqjW-Øn\pw, IS-Ø-en\pw Cc-bm-

b-h¿°p th≠nbp≈ NALSAbpsS ]≤Xn,2015 F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Cu ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£yw a\pjy°S-Ø-ens‚ hnhn[ hi-ßƒ Xncn-®-

dn™v Cc-bm-bn- p≈ F√m-h¿°pw {]tXy-In®v {]mb-t -Z-at\y kv{XoIƒ°p-ap≈

\nb-a-k-lm-b-ßƒ e`y-am-°pI F∂-XmWv. AXm-bXv a\pjy°SØ-ens‚ XS-

b¬, c£-s∏-Sp-Ø¬, ]p\-c-[n-hmkw apX-em-b-h.

]m¿iz-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ Cu kaq-l-Øn-\p-th≠n kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmaq-

ln-I-hp-amb Ffp∏ h-gn-Iƒ Xpd∂p \¬IpI F∂-XmWv Cu ]≤-Xn-bneqsS

Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Aßs\CØ-c°msc kmaq-ln-I-apJy-[m-c-bn¬ Dƒs∏-

SpØns°m≠v Hcp km[m-cW ]uc\v \¬Ip∂ F√m kmaq-lnI kwc-£-W-

ßfpw e`y-am-°p-∂p. eoKn¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS CS-s]-S-en-eqsS Cc-I-

fpsS A¥kv ImØp-c-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂pw AX-h¿°v at‰-sXmcp ]uc\pw

e`n-°p∂ Pohn-°m-\p≈ auen-Im-h-Im-iØn\v ka-am-sW∂v Dd∏v hcp-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. a\pjy°S-Øn-e-I-s∏´ apXn¿∂-h-scbpw, Ip´n-I-sfbpw IqSmsX ]m¿iz-

h¬°-cn-°-s∏´pIgn™ k∂≤ssewKn-I -sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sfbpw eoK¬

k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn‰n e`y-am-°p∂ \nb-a-tk-h-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-°-s∏-

SmXncn-°m≥ hmWnPy]c ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn-\n-c-bm-b-h-sc∂v IW-°m-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv.

10

Cc-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ \nb-a-]-c-amb tkh-\-ß-fnse \b-ssh-ZKvZyw

360 Un{Kn kao-]-\-amWv \nb-a-]-c-amb tkh-\-ß-fpsS sshZ-KvZy-ß-fn-

te°v hgn-°m-t -≠-Xv. Aßs\Ipń-Iƒ, Iuam-c-{]m-b-°m-cmb s]Ïp- n-Iƒ,

bphm-°ƒ, bph-Xn-Iƒ, {]mb-ta-dnb kv{XoIƒ F∂n-h-scbpw I¿Ω-]-≤-Xn-bn¬

Dƒs∏-Sp-ØWw. a\p-jy°SØ-ens‚ XS-b¬, c£-s∏-Sp-Ø¬, ]p\-c-[n-hmkw

F∂n-h-bn-te-sX-¶nepw HXp-ßm-sX, Ch-bvs°√mw th≠n \nb-a-]-c-amb tkh-\-

ßƒ \S-Øp∂ AtXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ I¿Ω-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. IqSm-

sX, Hmtcm tI pw eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn‰n Hcp tI v tcJ-bm-t°-≠Xpw

3 h¿j-tØ-s°-¶nepw XpS¿\-S-]Sn \SØn AØcw Cc-Isf kaq-l-Øn-te°v

]q¿Æ-ambn kwtbm-Pn-∏n-t°-≠-Xp-amWv. \nc-¥-c-amb Pm{KX {]{In-b-bn-eqsS

a\p-jy-°-S-Ø-ens‚ Cc-bmb kv{XoIsf Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ t\Sn-sb-

Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v {]m]vXcm°pI.

tI{μ k¿°mcnt‚bpw kwÿm\k¿°mcnt‚bpw \ne-hn-ep≈ t£a-]-

≤-Xn-I-fmb kmaq-lnI {Z-X, kmaq-lnI hnI-k-\w, kmaq-lnI t£aw F∂nh

i‡n-s∏-SpØns°m≠v a\p-jy°S-Ø-ens\ XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw Cc-Isf ]p\-c-[n-h-

kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pambn Cu t£a-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ hn\n-tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

NGObpsStbm As√-¶n¬ CBOss‚ klm-b-Øm¬ Bkq{XW ]≤-Xn-I-fn-eq-

sSbpw k¿tΔ-bn-eq-sSbpw t£a ]≤-Xn-IfpsS Bh-iy-IX DLSAbv°v Dd-∏p-h-

cp-Øp-∂Xpw AXn-\p-tijw Cu t£a-]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬ tNcp-∂Xv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-

°p-hm≥ F√m Pn√-I-fnepw klm-b-tI-μ-ßƒ ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-

Wv.

DLSAbpw kw_-‘nX c-W-h-Ip∏pw tN¿∂,v At]-£-I\v Cu ]≤-Xn-

bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈ \S-]Sn {Ia-ßƒ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-hm\pw CXn-t\m-S-\p-

_-‘n-®p≈ F√m Imcy-ßfpw IrXy-ambn {i≤ tI{μo-I-cn®v apt∂m´p t]mIp-

hm-\p≈ Imcy-ßƒ e`y-am-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn-eqsS Cu ]≤-Xn-bpsS Iogn¬ hcp∂

B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb tcJ-Iƒ k÷o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw

{]tXy-In®v Xma-k-ÿ-esØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ, hb v sXfn-bn-°p∂

tcJ-Iƒ, P\\hnhc ]{Xn-I, hcp-am\k¿ń- n-°‰v apX-em-bh e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn\pw

At]-£-Is\klm-bn-°p-∂p. F√m {]{In-b-Ifpw Ah-km-\n®p Ign-bp-tºm-gpw,

]≤-Xn-Iƒ A\p-h-Zn®p Ign-bp-tºmgpw, KpW-t`m-‡m-hn\v XpS¿∂p≈ B\p-Iq-

ey-ßƒ e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn DLSA Bh-iy-amb ]n¥pW \¬In klm-

bnt°≠Xp-am-Wv.

e`yam-bn- p≈ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ

(1) sF.-kn.-Un.-F-kv. AYh˛inip]cn-]m-e\ hnI-k\w. (]q-Pyw apX¬ 6

11

hb- p-h-sc-bp≈ inip-°-fpsS ]cn-]m-e-\w, K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ°pw aqe-bq- p∂

AΩ-am¿°pw)

(2) `£y kpc£ AYh td-j≥ Im¿Up-Iƒ

(3) kmaq-loI kpc£ AYh ap-Xn¿∂ kv{XoI-fpsS s]≥j≥

(4) hnZym- ymk ]≤-Xn-Iƒ (D-®- -£-Ww, {_nUvPv kvIqƒkv, k¿Δ in£m

A`n-bm\nse sdkoU≥jy¬ kvIqfp-Iƒ, k_etkmjy¬ sh¬s^b¿

Un∏m¿ vsa‚n¬ \n∂v Iuamc {]mb-°m¿°pw {]tXy-In®v s]¨Ip- nIƒ

°pw, ss{]a-dn, sk°‚-dn, lb¿ FUyp-t°-j≥ F∂o Xe-Øn¬ e`yam-

Ip∂ kvtImf¿jn-∏p-Iƒ.)

(5) D]-Po-h\w˛ sshZKv≤yX hnI-k\w, kmº-ØnI Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø¬, ssat{Im

F‚¿ss{]-kkv Fkv.kn/Fkv.Sn/H.-_n.kn/\yq\-]-£ h\nX hnIk\

tIm¿∏-td-j-\n¬ \n∂pw k¿°mcns‚ kn.-F-kv.-B¿. ≠n¬\n∂pw,

s]mXp-ta-Jem ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw).

(6) A[n-hmkw, \K-c-hn-I-k-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw luknwKv tIm¿∏-td-j-\n¬

\n∂pw qan-bpsS ] -bhpw \n¿ΩmWØn\p≈ k∫vkn-Unbpw.

(7) km¿Δ-{Xn-I-amb A¿l-X-Iƒ: P≥Z[m≥, B[m¿, thm´¿ Im¿Uv, Fkv.-

F®v.-Pn. AwKXzw

(8) \nb-a-k-lmb ]≤XnIƒ˛ \nb-a-km-£-c-X. kuP-\y- \nb-a-k-lm-bhpw

kw-c-£-Whpw ]mcm-eo-K¬ hf-≠n-b¿amcpw, \nb-a-k-lmb ¢n\n-°p-Ifpw

Dd∏p hcp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS ]¶v

Hcp ]nghpw IqSmsX F√m-‰n-t\bpw GtIm-]n-∏n®v sIm≠p-t]m-IpI F∂-

XmWv SLSA/DLSAIfpsS apJy-]-¶v. F√m ]≤-Xn-Ifp-sSbpw c-Wm-[n-Im-c-]-c-

amb GtIm-]\w Ft∏mgpw Pn√m If-IvS-dn¬ \n£n-]vX-am-sW-¶nepw kwc-£-

W-]-c-amb GtIm-]\w SLSAIfpsSbpw DLSAIfpsSbpw ta¬t\m- -Øn¬ hln-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Unkv{SnIvSv If-IvS-dn¬ \n£n-]vX-amb c-Wm-[n-Imc]-c-amb GIo-

I-c-WsØ kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v DLSAIfpsSbpw SLSAIfpsSbpw ta¬ t\m -Øn¬

]ng-hp-Iƒ IqSm-sX-bp≈ kmaq-ln-Ihpw \nb-a-]-c-hp-amb kwc-£Ww ]m¿iz-

h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ kv{XoIƒ°v e`y-am-°p-∂p. IqSm-sX -k-aq-l-Ønse F‰hpw Xmtg-

°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v LS-\m-]-c-ambpw Cu ]≤-Xn-Ifp-sS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ e`y-am-°p-

12

∂Xv kmaq-lnI kwL-S-\-I-fn-eq-sS-bp-am-Wv Cu GI{X tI{μo-I-cWw \S-∏n-em-

°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jy°S-Ø¬, F®v.-sF.-hn. ]I-cp-∂Xv XS-bp-I, kv{XoIƒ°pw Ip´n-

Iƒ°p-sa-Xn-tc-bp≈ B{I-a-W-ßƒ XS-bp-I, F∂o {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw apJy-

amb ]¶v Cu kmaq-lnI kwL-S-\-Iƒ°p-≠v. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ SLSAIfpw

DLSAIfpw hln-°p-∂-]¶v Ch-bm-W:

\yq\-X-Isf XcWw sNø¬: G‰hpw Zp¿∫-e-amb hn`m-K-ß-fn-ep-≈-Xpw, AXy-

¥nIw A{I-a-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-cm-b-h-cpw, ssewKnI sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ, a\p-jy-°S-

Ø-en\v hnt[-b-cmb kv{XoIfpw, hnhn[ Un∏m¿ vsa‚n-ep-ap≈ `c-W-h-Ip-∏p-

Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn-ep≈ \yq\-X-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-°p-I.

CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ h¿≤n-∏n-°pI: DLSA cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈ ]≤Xn t_m[-h¬°-

k¿°m¿ `c-W-h-Ip-∏p-I-sfbpw, Pn√m- -D-]-Pn√ `cW hn`m-K-Øn-ep-≈-hscbpw

HsØm-cp-an-∏n-°p-∂p.

]¶m-fn-Xzhpw DS-a-ÿm-h-Im-ihpw e`y-am-°pI: kmap-Zm-bnI ao‰nw-Kp-Ifpw Iymºp-

Ifpw apJm-¥ncw kmaq-lnI kwL-S-\-Iƒ DLSA bpsS kl-I-c-W-tØmsS DS-

a-ÿm-h-Im-ihpw ]¶m-fn-Xzhpw e`y-am-°p-∂p.

kwth-Z-\-£-a-am-°pI: F√m Un∏m¿ vsa‚p-I-sfbpw ÿm]-\-ß-sfbpw kwth-

Z-\£-a-am-bn-sIm≠v kmap-Zm-bn-I-amb N -ßsf Ipdn®v ]Tn-°p-Ibpw anYym-[-mc-

W-Isf AI‰n \n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Npa-X-em-t_m-[sØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-ØpI: ]≤-Xn-Iƒ e`y-am-Im≥ A¿l-X-b-p-≈-

hsc Xncn-®-dn™v MIS {]{In-b-bn-eqsS Npa-X-em-t_m-[sØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

Iq´m-bva°v cq]w\¬I¬

ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw a\p-jy-°-S-Ø-en\pw Cc-bm-b-h¿, ssewKnI

sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ F∂n-h-tcm-Sp-IqSn tN¿∂mWv NGO's Dw a‰p kmap-Zm-bnI kwL-

S-\-Ifpw ssat{Im Xe-Øn¬ kl-I-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. CØcw {]h¿Ø-\-

ß-fn¬ kaq-l-Øn¬ Xs∂ ad™p InS-°p∂ AwK-ßsf ad \o°n ]pdØp

sIm≠p-h-cp-Ibpw kmap-Zm-bn-I-amb apt∂-‰-Øn\v Imc-W-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

aotkm Xe-Øn¬ Pn√m- -c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ mK-am-b -kv{Xo-I-fp-sSbpw Ip´n-

I-fp-sSbpw hnI-k\ hIp∏pw {]-tXy-In®v ssN¬Uv s{]m -£≥ / sh¬s -b¿

IΩ-‰n-Iƒ/ B‚n lyqa≥ {Sm^n-°nwKv bqWn-‰p-Iƒ F∂n-hbpw DLSA bpw XΩn-

emWv ]¶m-fnØw D≠m-tI-≠Xv.

13

aq∂m-a-Xmbn amt{Im Xe-Øn¬ kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw Ipń-I-fp-sSbpw D∂-a-\-

Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ Un∏m¿´p-sa‚p-I-fp-ambn Iq´p-]-¶m-fn-Xz-tØmsS

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Cu hn[-Øn¬ kv{XoIƒ°pw Ipń-Iƒ°pw-th≠n hf-sc-b-

[nIw ]≤-Xn-Iƒ {]tXy-I-ambpw a\p-jy-°S-Øn-en-\n-c-bm-b-h¿°pw, c£-s∏- n-

´p-≈-h-cpsS ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn-\p-th≠n A -b-tI-{μ-ßfpw \S-Øp-∂p. B`y-¥c-

a-{¥m-ebw, kmaq-ly-\o-Xn a{¥m-ebw, dqd¬ ssehven-lpUv anj≥ F∂o ÿm]-

\-ßƒ°v a\p-jy-°-S-Ø¬ XS-bp-∂-Xn-\p≈ B[n-Im-cn--X-tbmsS KpW-t`m-‡m-

hns‚ kwc-£Ww Dd∏p hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw kpc-£-bv°pw-th≠n {]ap-J- ]¶v

hln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

I¿Ω-]-≤Xn

kmap-Zm-bnI ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ kwL-S-\-Ifpw k¿°mtcXc kwL-S-

\-I-fp-ambn IqSn tN¿∂v {]h¿Øn-°pI F∂-XmWv DLSA BZy-]-Sn-bmbn sNtø-

≠-Xv. CXn-\p-th≠n SLSA Iƒ bqWn-sk- p-ambpw, bp.-F≥.-H.-Un.-kn., tÃ‰v

GP≥ko-kv, (hn-a≥ B‚ v Nn¬{U≥), dqd¬ ssehven-lpUv anj≥kv F∂n-h-

bp-ambn _‘-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. \mj-W¬ FbvUvkv I¨t{Smƒ Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j-

t‚bpw, tÃ‰v B‚ v Unkv{SnIvSv FbvUvkv I¨t{Smƒ skmssk-‰n (SACs &

DACs) F∂o kwL-S-\-I-fpsS klmbw FSp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CØ-c-Øn¬ DLSAs

& SLSAs Iƒ°v a\p-jy-°-S-Øen-s\-Ipdn®pw AXp-t]mse Xs∂ ssewKnI

sXmgn-em-fn-I-sfbpw Ipdn-®p≈ hnh-c-ßƒ e`y-am-Ip-∂p.

c≠m-a-Xmbn Un∏m¿ vsa‚p-Isf kwÿm\Xe-Ønepw ]n∂oSv Pn√m Xe-

Ønepw ]c-kv]cw Hcp-an-∏n-°p-Ibpw CXp kw_-‘n®v F√m Un∏m¿´p-sa‚p-

IfptSbpw KpW-t`m-‡m-°fptSbpw hym]-I-am-bn- p-≈-Xp-amb {]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Aßs\{][m-\-amb ]mc-kv]-cnI _‘-ß-fpw, {]{In-b-I-

fpw, kn≤m-¥-ßfpw ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

a\p-jy-°-S-Ø¬

a\pjy°S-Ø-ens\Ipdn®v ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ, kwÿm-\sØ B‚n

lyqa≥ {Sm^n-°nwKv bqWn-‰n-s‚bpw NGO's & CBO's F∂nh-cpsS klm-b-

tØmsS DLSA AXns‚ Xs∂ A[n-Imc ]cn-[n-bn-ep≈ Zp¿∫e hn`m-K-ß-

sfbpw P\-hn- m-K-ß-sfbpw Is≠-ØWw. XpS¿∂v Chsb {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m-\p≈

\n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂p. DLSA bpsS ]≤-Xn-I-sf-Ip-dn®pw Zp¿∫e hn`m-K-ßƒ°v

Ch-bn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ B\p-Iq-ey-ßsf°pdn-®p-≈-Xp-amb Adnhv ]c-Øp-Ibpw

sNbvXp-sIm≠v {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Bcw- n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX Cu a\p-jy°S-Øn¬

]Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ A]-I-S-sØ-°p-dn®pw Andnhv ]Icpw. Cu t_m-[-h¬°-cWw

Ipń-Ifpw Iuam-c-{]m-b-°m-cpw, kulrZw \Sn-s®-Øp∂ A]-cn-Nn-Xsc°pdn-®pw,

14

AXp-aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂ A]-I-SsØ°pdn®pw IqSmsX \K-c-Øn-ep≈ hnZym- ymkw

Ipń-Iƒ°v e`y-am-°m-sa-∂p≈ I]S hmKvZm-\-ßsf Ipdn®pw amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ

PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-°m≥ klm-bn°pw. IqSp-X¬ Db¿∂ PohnX \ne-hm-c-sØbpw

tPmen-sbbpw {]Xn-bp≈ I]S hmKvZm-\-ß-sf-Ip-dn®v bphm-°fpw Cu t_m[-

h¬°-cWw hgn PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn°pw.

k¿°mcn¬ \n∂pw e`y-am-Ip∂ t£a- ]≤-Xn-Isf°pdn®v t_m[-h¬°-

cWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v SLSAs & DLSAs Ifpw Ah-cpsS mK-am-bn- p≈ A`n- m-j-

I-cp-sSbpw kmaq-ly-{]-h¿Ø-I-cp-sSbpw Hcp Soans\ D≠m-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hnhn[

]≤-Xn-Iƒ e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn\v {]-tXy-I-ambpw tbmKyXm k¿ń- n-°-‰p-Ifpw sXfn-

hp-Ifpw tiJ-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂pt≠m-sb∂v ]mcm- eo-K¬ hf-≠n-b¿am¿ apJm-¥ncw

Cu {]{Inb IrXy-ambpw \S-°p-∂pt≠m F∂pw Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xp-am-Wv. ]≤-

Xn-I-fpsS A¥na km£m¬°m-c-Øn\mbn c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fmb Pn√m If-IvS-dp-

amtbm As√-¶n¬ No v sk{I- -dn-bp-amtbm IqSp-X¬ kº¿°w ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn-

\p-th≠n DLSA AhcpsS Xs∂ ]mcm- eo-K¬ hf-≠n-b¿°mscbpw Hmô-kp-I-

sfbpw FhnsS Bh-iy-apt≠m AhnsS D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bpsS DØ-c-hp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ t]meokv tÃj-

\p-ambn tN¿∂v {]h¿Øn-°m≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ ]mcm -eo-K¬ hf-≠n-b¿am¿°vv

a\p-jy-°-S-Ø¬ Ipń-I-fpsS {]iv\-ßƒ, ImWm-Xm-hp∂ Ipń-I-fpsS tIkv

ssIImcyw F∂n-hsb Ipdn®p DLSA/SLSA Iƒ {]tXyI ]cn-io-e\w \¬tI-

≠Xpw AXp-hgn Ah¿ kwth-Z-\-ti-jnbpw, {]Xn-I-c-W-ti-jnbpw B¿÷n-t°-

≠-Xp-amWv.

Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ a\p-jy-°S-Ø-en-s\-Ip-dn-t®m Hcp ssewKnI

sXmgn-em-fnsb t]meokv AdÃv sNbvX-Xmtbm dnt∏m¿ v sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ ]mcm- eo-K¬ hf-≠n-b¿am¿ SLSA / DLSA sb Cu hnhcw \n¿_-‘-

ambpw Adnbn®ncn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

ssewKnI sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ

kmap-ZmbnI Bh-iy-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Hcp coXn Fs¥∂m¬

SLSA saº¿ sk{I- -dnbpw As√-¶n¬ apgp-h≥ kab DLSA sk{I- -dnbpw

kmaq-Zm-bnI t\Xm-°-∑mcpw XΩn-ep≈ IqSn-°mgvN kwLSn∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-

Wv. CXn-eqsS kmaq-Zm-bnI t\Xm-°-∑m¿°v kmaq-ln-I-amb Ah-Im-i-ßƒ, {]tXy-

I-ambpw hn[h, hm¿≤Iys]≥j≥ apX-emb kmaq-lnI {ZXm kvIoap-Iƒ t\Sn-

sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ _p≤n-ap- p-I-sf-∏‰n hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

]ªnIv lnb-dnwKv t]mep≈ ao‰nwKv kwL-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v, AhnsS

15

IΩyq-Wn‰n AwK-ßƒ, Ah¿ hnhn[ `c-W-X-e-ß-fn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ {]iv\-ßƒ

Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p F∂-XmWv as‰mcp coXn. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ ]ªnIv lnb-dnw-Kp-

I-fn¬ Pqdn Bbn-cn-°p-∂Xv DLSA bpsS sNb¿ t]gvk¨ As√-¶n¬ pƒssSw

sk{I- -dn, a‰p PpUo-jy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿, Pn√m-I-f-IvS¿ t]mep≈ apXn¿∂ DtZym-

K-ÿ¿, {]n≥kn-∏¬ sk{I- -dn-am¿ As√-¶n¬ No v sk{I- -dn-am¿, t]meo-kp-

Im¿, s{]m -£≥ Hmô-k¿am¿ F∂n-h-cm-Wv. ko\n-b¿ A`n- m-j-I¿, ]m\¬

A`n- m-j-I¿ F∂n-h-tcbpw CØcw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ≠-XmWvv.

kap-Zm-bmw-K-ß-fpsS {]iv\m-h-X-c-W-Øn-\p-tijw saº¿ sk{I- -dntbm

/ sk{I- -dn-tbm A`n-{]m-bw- Bcm-™Xn-\p-ti-jw, ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-Itcm eoK¬

k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb tkh-\-ß-sf-Ip-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw AwKß-fpsS XpS¿®m-h-Im-itam at‰-sX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ tI p-I-fn¬

hogvN-h-cn-Itbm sNøp-tºmƒ kuP-\y-amb \nb-a-k-lmbw tXSp-∂-Xn\pw ]cm-

Xn-Iƒ ^b¬ sNøp-∂-Xn\v Ahsc t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ah-

cpsS ssZ\w-Zn\Pohn-X-Øn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ ]oV-\-ßƒ°pw A{I-a-W-ßƒ°pw ia-

\-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n°v Sm¿K‰v {Kq∏p-Isf k÷-

am-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ]¶m-fn-I-fn¬ \nt∂m, `¿Øm°-∑m-cn¬ \nt∂m D≠m-Ip∂

D]-{Z-h-ßƒ t]mep≈ tIkp-I-fn¬ DLSA°v s{]m´-£≥ Hmô-k¿am¿

aptJ\\nb-a-k-lm-bhpw Iu¨kenwKv tkh-\-ßfpw \¬Imhp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

kap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]mcm eoK¬ thmf-≠n-b¿amsc DLSA A[n-Im-c-

s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw NALSA bpsS cq]-tcJ A\p-k-cn®v ]cn-io-e\w \¬Ip-hm\pw

Ign-bpw. eoK¬ k¿Δokkv skmssk-‰n-bpsS F√m {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sfbpw kw_-

‘n®v ap≥ \nc-bn¬ \n∂v Ch¿°v {]h¿Øn-°m≥ km[n-°pw. F√m Pn√-I-

fnse tªm°p-Isf {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvXp-sIm≠pw F∂m¬ apgp-h≥ kwÿm-

\sØ Xs∂bpw {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®p≈ {]b-Xv\-ßƒ ]cn]q¿ÆXbn¬ FØntbm

F∂v Dd∏p hcp-tØ-≠-XmWv.

Hcn-°¬Iq-Sn, CXn-\p-apºv {]kvXm-hn-®n- p≈ k¿°mcns‚ hnhn[ t£a

]≤-Xn-Iƒ kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ kpK-a-ambn e`y-am-Ip-∂pt≠m F∂pw hnhn[ ]≤-

Xn-I-fpsS Bh-iy-IXbpt≠m F∂Xpw ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

\nhm-cWw

k¿°mcns‚ t£a-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ \S-∏n-em-°p-∂Xv Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-tºmƒ \ne-

hvep≈ LS-\-bmb ka-{K-in-ip-kw-c-£W ]≤-Xn°v Iogn¬ {KmaoW Xe-Øn¬

inip-kw-c-£W IΩn‰nIƒ ÿm]n-t°-≠-Xn\v {]tXyIw {i≤ sNep-tØ-≠-

Xp-≠v(VLCPC). Cu IΩ-‰n-I-fn¬ ]©m-bØv saº¿am¿, kvIqƒ A≤ym-]-I¿,

hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ, amXm-]nXm-°ƒ F∂n-hsc Dƒ∏SpØWw. {Kma-Øn-ep≈ Ipń-

16

Iƒ°v th≠n VLCPC {]tXy-I-am-bn- p≈ t_m[-h¬°-cW ¢m p-Iƒ kwL-

Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kvIqfp-I-fnse A≤ym-]-Isc t_m[-h¬°-cn-°p-Ibpw kvIqfp-

I-fn¬ \n∂v ImWm-Xm-hp∂ Ipń-Isf°pdn®v dnt∏m¿ v sNtø-≠-Xp-am-Wv, AXp-

hgn Cu Ipń-Isf Ipdn-®p≈ XpS¿∂p≈ t£am-t\z-j-W-ßƒ IrXy-ambn \S-

Øm-hp-∂-Xp-amWv. Ipń-Iƒ°pw Iuam-c-{]m-b-°m¿°pw th≠n-bp≈ CØ-c-Øn-

ep≈ t_m[-h¬°-cW t{]m{Km-ap-Iƒ AwK≥hmSn h¿t°-gvkv, sl¬Øv

h¿t°gvkv F∂n-h¿°p-th-≠nbpw kwLSn∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Ipń-Iƒ XpS¿®-bmbn

lmP-cm-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv ASn-b-¥n-c-ambn dnt∏m¿ v sNbvXv XpS¿ \S-]Sn Dd∏phcp-

tØ-≠Xv SLSA/DLSA BWv

VLCPCS AwK≥hm-Sn-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn¬\n∂v FSp-°p∂ ]mcm eoK¬

hf-≠n-b¿am¿, AXp-t]mse Xs∂ A≤ym-]-I¿°pw \¬Ip∂ ]cn-io-e-\-ß-

fn¬ {]tXyI {]m[m\yw ssewKn-I-Nq-j-Ww, {Sm^n°nwKv F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p

\¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. ]mcm eoK¬ hf-≠n-b¿amcpsS I¿Ω-ta-JeIƒ {]tXyIw \nco-

£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. AtXk-abw ]mcm eoK¬ hf-≠n-b¿am¿°v {]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb

am¿§-\n¿t±-ihpw ]n¥p-Wbpw \¬Ip-Ibpw thWw. GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn-ep≈

kw -h-ßƒ dnt∏m¿ v sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ]q¿Æ-amb {i≤ DLSA / SLSA bpw

\¬tI-≠-Xp-am-Wv.

hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS \nb-a-km-£cXm ¢∫p-Iƒ {Sm^n-°nw-Kns‚ hnhn[

hi-ß-sf-Ip-dn®v N¿® hnj-b-am-°p-I-bpw, CXns\Ipdn®v kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw Fgp-

Xp-hm≥ t{]m’m-ln--∏n°pIbpw, thWw. Cu ¢∫p-Iƒ, hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ CØcw

{]iv\-ßsf Ipdn®v Ft∏mgpw IrXy-amb Adnhp \¬Ip-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Fßs\

kzbw kpc-£n-Xcmhmw F∂ Imcy-Ønepw apJy-]¶p hln-°p-∂p. kv{XoI-

fpsS im‡o-I-c-W-Ønepw _me-hn-hm-lsØ XS-bp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n {]h¿Øn-

°p∂ {Kq∏p-Isf DLSA's / SLSA's Iƒ i‡n-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. ]e-t∏mgpw

_mey-hn-hm-l-hpw, \n¿_-‘nX hnhm-lhpw, a\p-jy-°-S-Øn\pw CXneq-sS-

ssewKn-I-Nq-j-W-Øn-\p-w \mμn-bmbn´p≠v. am{X-a-√, t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-Øp-

∂-tXm-sSm∏w Zp¿∫-e-hn- m-K-ßƒ°n-S-bn-epw, IΩyq-Wn-‰n-I-fn-epw, hnZym¿∞n-I-

fpsS {Kq∏p-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, _mehn-hm-l-ßsf Ipdn®v dnt∏m¿´p-sN-øp-

Ibpw \nhm-cW \S-]-Sn-Iƒ FSp-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-XmWv.

\ne-hn¬ ssewKnI sXmgn-em-fn-Ifmb kv{XoI-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ CS-s]-

Sp-tºmƒ DLSA's / SLSA's Ifpw Ah-cpsS sXmgn-en¬ \n∂p ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂

kv{XoI-fpsS D]-Po-h-\-Øn-\p≈ CXc am¿§sØ ]‰n {i≤ tI{μo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

Ah-cpsS Ipń-Iƒ CXn-te°v hcp-∂-Xv XS-bp-Ibpw thWw. ]Ww Icp-X-temsS

hn\n-tbmKw sNtø-≠-Xn\v kv{XoIsf t{]m’m-ln-∏n-t°-≠Xpw Cßs\kzcq-

]n-°p∂ ]Ww a‰p kwcw- -ßƒ XpS-ßp-∂-Xn\pw AXp-hgn kmaq-ln-I-amb AwKo-

Im-c-Øn\pw ]cn-Wm-a-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. DLSA's / SLSA's

17

Ifpw kv{XoIƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂ Km¿lnI ]oV-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ahsc \nbaw

hgn kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw tImS-Xn-Iƒ aptJ\ \nb-a-]-c-amb klmbw \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøWw. C{]-Imcw ta¬∏-d™ k¿°m¿ ]≤-Xn-Ifn¬ \n∂p≈ F√m B\p-

Iq-ey-ßfpw Cu kv{XoIƒ°v e`y-am-Im≥ klm-bn-t°-≠-XmWv.

a\p-jy-°-S-Ø¬ \nhm-c-WØn\pw Cc-bm-b-h¿°p-th-≠n-bp≈ kwc-£-

W-Øn\pw th≠n-bp≈ \b-X-{¥-ßƒ \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂ dqd¬ ssehven lpUv

anj≥ Cu {]{In-b-Isf Ipdn®v IqSp-X¬ a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw kq£va-\n-co-£Ww

\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w k -e-amb kwhn-[m-\-ß-tfbpw kwtbm-Pn-X-

amb {]b-Xv\-ß-fp-sSbpw Bh¿Ø-\hpw thWw.

c£-s∏-Sp-Øepw ]p\-c-[n-hm-khpw

h¨ tÃm∏v ss{Iknkv sk‚-dn\v th≠n-bp≈ s]cp-am-‰-®- -ßƒ {Sm^n-

°nw-Kn\v hnt[-b-amb Cc-Iƒ°pw _m[-I-am-Ip-∂p. IqSmsX {]Pz-e-bpsS tIkn¬

kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bpsS DØ-c-hp-Isf am\n-®p-sIm≠v DLSA's / SLSA's Iƒ

k¿°m¿ ]≤-Xn-I-fn-eqsS {Sm^n-°nw-Kn-\n-c-bmb hr-‡nIfpsS ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn\v

A\-¥-c- \S-]-Sn-Iƒ FSp-t°-≠Xpw Aßs\ Ch¿°v kpÿn-c-amb a‰p D]-Po-

h-\-am¿§-ßƒ e`y-amt°≠Xpw BWv. {Sm^n-°nw-Kn\v Cc-bmb hy‡n-Iƒ°v

Ah-cpsS F v.-sF.-B¿. cPn-Ã¿ sNbvXp In´p-∂-Xn\pw hnNm-c-W-X-Shv \S-]-Sn-

{I-a-ß-fn¬ Pmayw d±v sNøp-∂-Xn\v lmP-cm-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠nbpw ]m\¬ A`n-

`m-j-I-cp-sSbpw ]mcm eoK¬ hf-≠n-b¿am-cp-sSbpw klmbw DLSA Iƒ Dd∏p

hcp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿, ASn-b-¥n-c-L- -ß-fn¬ km£n-I-fpsS

kwc-£-W-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ tImSXn DØ-chv t\tS-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. am{X-a-√, samgn

sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp≈ hnZ-Kvt≤m-]-tZiw \¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw Cc-bm-b-h-cpsS hnNm-

c-W-k-a-bØpw samgn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-ens‚ ka-bØpw lmP-cm-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX

hnIv‰nw sImº≥tk-j≥ kvIoans‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \jvS-]-cn-lmcw DLSA

aptJ\ e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn\pw Kh¨sa‚n¬\n∂v e`y-am-Ip∂ a‰p ]p\-c-[n-hmk

]≤-Xn--Iƒ e`y-am°p-∂-Xn\pw ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-Icpw ]mcm eoK¬ hf-≠n-b¿am-

cpw klm-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.

amt\-Pvsa‚ v C≥^¿ta-j≥ knÃw (MIS)

Kh¨sa‚n¬ \n∂v e`y-am-Ip∂ kvIoap-I-fpsS Iogn¬ hcp∂ F√m

{]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Ifpw A\-¥-c-\-S-]-Sn-Ifpw kq£va \nco-£-

Whpw sNtø-≠-X-m-b-Xn-\m¬ Hcp \√ coXn-bn-ep≈ MIS, DLSA's / SLSA's

Ifpw hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]mse ]mcm eoK¬ hf-≠n-b¿am-cpw

]m\¬ A`n- m-j-Icpw Cc-bm-b-h¿°v \¬Ip∂ tkh-\-ßƒ DLSA sk{I- dn

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. FhnsS DLSA aptJ-

18

\-bp≈ ]p\-c-[n-hmkw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂pthm AhnsS Npcp-ßn-bXv aq∂p h¿j-

°m-e-sa-¶nepw AØcw hy‡n-Isf XpS¿\n-co-£Ww \S-tØ-≠Xpw IqSmsX

]p\-c-[n-hmkw ]q¿Æ-amsb∂pw ho≠pw {Sm^n-°nw-Kn\v Cc-bm-hp-∂n√ F∂pw

Dd∏p hcp-tØ-≠-XpamWv.

{Sm≥kvsP≥tUgvkv (enw-K-am‰w \S-Øn-b-h¿): ta¬∏-d™ ]≤-Xn-bn¬ {]Xn-

]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂ F√m hyh-ÿ-Ifpw enwK-am‰w \S-Øn-b-h¿°pw _m[-I-am-Wv.

19

Akw-LSn-X ta-J-ebn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS \n-b-a

tk-h-\-§Ä¡mbpÅ NALSAbpsS

]²Xn, 2015

20

21

Akw-LSn-X ta-J-ebn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS \nb-a tk-h-\-

ßƒ°mbp≈ NALSAbpsS ]≤Xn, 2015

]-›m-Øew

1.1 A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn¬ tPm-en sN-øp∂ sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ h-ln-°p-∂ ]-¶v

C¥y≥ k-º-Zv-L-S-\-bp-sS G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\-s∏- k-hn-ti-j-X-Ifn-sem-∂mWv.

FIv-tWm-anIv k¿th Hm- v C-¥y(2007˛ 2008)bptSbpw \m-j-W¬ km-

ºnƒ k¿-th A¨ Hm¿-K-ss\-kv-Uv sk-Œ¿ (2009˛2010) s‚bpw \n¿-Æ-b

{]-Imcw Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ sXm-gn-e-[n-jvTn-°p-∂-h¿ G-I-tZ-iw 93˛94 i-X-am-

\-amWv. AXp-t]m-se X-s∂ A-h-cp-sS Pn.Un.]n-bn-ep-≈ hn-ln-Xw 50 i-X-

am-\-Øn¬ Iq-Sp-X-em-sW∂v IW-°m-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

1.2 Cu hn- m-K-Øn-se q-cn- m-Kw sXm-gn-em-fn-Ifpw tPm-en sN-øp∂-Xv Im¿jn-I

ta-J-e-bn-em-Wv. (G-I-tZ-iw 52 i-Xam\w). sI´n-S \n¿amW sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ,

sN-dpIn-S ÿm]-\-ßfnse sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ, I-cm-dp-Im-¿ ap-tJ-\ h≥-In-S

hy-h-km-b-ßfn¬ tPm-en sN-øp-∂h¿, ssI-sXm-gn-ep-Imc≥, kz-bw sXm-

gn¬ sN-øp-∂h¿, h-\-hn- -h-ß-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- v tPm-en sN-øp∂ sXm-gn-

em-fnIƒ, a-’y_-‘\ sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ, D-¥p-h≠n, Hm-t´m-dn-£ HmSn-°p-

∂-h¿, Iq-en-∏Wn-°m¿ ap-X-em-b- kzbw sXmgn¬ sNøp-∂-hcpamWv Cu

hn- m-K-Øn¬ Dƒ-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

1.3 am-\yamb sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cyßƒ, tPm-en -{Z-X, km-aqln-I -{Z-X F∂nh

D-d-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\v sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p th-≠n \n-ch-[n sXmgn¬ \n-b-a-ß-

fpw N- -ßfp-sam-s° \n-e-hn-ep-≠v. F¶nepw Cu \n-b-a-ßfnepw N- -ß-

fnepw A-kw-L-Sn-X-ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n√. C-°m-

c-W-Øm¬ Xs∂ A-kw-LSn-X ta-Je-sb a-‰p-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ \n-∂v th¿-Xn-

cn-®-dn-bm-sa-∂ {]-tXy-I-X-Iq-Sn-bp≠v. Iq´m-b hn-e-t]-i-en-s‚ A- m-h-Øn¬

A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ A-an-Xam-b Nq-j-W-Øn-\n-c-bm-

Ip∂p. Xm-c-X-tay-\ tam-i-s∏´ sXm-gn-¬ km-l-N-cy-ß-fpw, hf-sc Xp-—am-b

th-X-\hpw am-{X-amWv Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ tPm-en sN-øp-∂-h¿-°v e- y-am-bn- p-

≈Xv. Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ `q-cn- m-Kw sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ß-fpw {]tXy-I Im-e-b-f-

hn¬ am{Xw \n-e-\-n¬-°p-∂Xp-sIm-≠v sXm-gn¬ kp-c-£n-XXzw D-d-∏p-h-cp-

Øp-hm≥ km-[ya√. C-ß-s\-bp-≈ A-h-ÿ h≥-tXm-Xn-ep-≈ Ip-Sn-tb-‰-

Øn\pw Im-c-W-am-Ip∂p. H-cp ÿe-Øp \n-∂p a-s‰m-cp ÿ-e-tØ-°p-≈

Ip-Sn-tb-‰w, sXmgn-en\pw Xm-a-k-Øn-\p-ap-≈ A-ÿn-cam-b H-cp km-l-Ncyw

kr-„n-°p∂p. C-Xp-aqew A-h-cp-sS Ip- n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym- ym-kw ]m-Xn-h-gn-bn¬

D-t]-£n-t°-≠-Xm-bn-h-cp-∂p.

\-K-c-ßfnse tN-cn {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Zp- -lam-b Pohn-X km-l-N-cy-ßfnepw

22

]m¿∏nS ku-I-cy-ß-fp-sS e- y-X-°p-d-hnepw Ch¿°v Po-hn-t°-≠n h-cp∂p.

kw-LSn-X taJ-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ°v \n-b-am-\p-kr-X-am-bn e- y-amIp-

∂ B-tcm-Ky kp-c-£bpw, {]-k-h B-\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-

bv-°p e- y-am-Ip-∂n√.

h¿-°v-sa≥ tIm-º≥-tk-j≥ B-Œv, 1923, Fw-tπm-bv kv-t‰-‰v C≥-jp-d≥-kv B-

Œv, 1948, sa-t‰-\n-‰n s_-\n- n-Œv B-Œv, 1961, C≥-U-kv-{Sn-b¬ Un-kv-]yq-Sv B-

Œv, 1974, t]bv-sa‚ v Hm- vv {Km-‰p-hn-‰n B-Œv, 1972, Fw-tπm-bv- {]-hn-U‚ v -≠v

B≥-Uv an-kv-te-\nb-kv s{]m-hn-j≥-kv B-Œv, 1952 se Iq-Sm-sX \n-b-a \n¿-

am-W-Øn-eq-sS {]mb-am-b-h¿-°v km-aqln-I -{Z-X D-d-∏p-h-cp-Ø¬, a-cWw, I-

eymWw, A-]-I-Sw F-∂o km-l-N-cy-ß-fn¬ B-tcm-Ky kp-c-£ k-lm-bw

F-∂o ku-I-cy-ßƒ A-kw-LSnX ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v e- y-am-

Ip-∂n√. ta¬-∏-d-™ L-S-I-ß-fp-sS kzm[o-\-Øm¬ Ch¿°v Zp- -lam-b

Po-hn-X-km-l-Ncyw \-bn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂p.

1.4 \n-e-hn-ep-≈ \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ N- -°qSv

F-∂n-cp-∂mepw A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn¬ hnhn-[ hn- m-K-Øn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp∂

sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ß-fn¬, sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cy-ßƒ-°p-th-≠n \n-b-a \n¿-am-W-

k- A-h-k-c-ßƒ H-cp-°n-bn- p≠v. B h-Ip-∏p-I-fm-Wv Xm-sg ]-d-™n- p-≈-

Xv.

˛ I-∏¬ sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ (d-Kp-tej≥ Hm- v Fw-tπm-bv-sa‚ v) B-Œv, 1948

˛ _o-Un B≥-Uv kn-Kd‰v h¿-t°¿kv (I -Uoj≥ Hm- v Fw-tπm-bv-

sa‚ v) B-Œv, 1966

˛ C‚¿ kv-t‰-‰v ssa-{K‚ v h¿-°v-sa≥ (d-Kp-tej≥ Hm- v Fw-tπm-bv-sa‚ v

B‚ v-I-≠oj≥ Hm- v k¿-hokv) B-Œv 1979.

˛ kn\n h¿-t°-gv-kv B≥-Uv kn\n-a Xn-b-‰¿ h¿-t°-gvkv (d-Kp-tej≥

Hm- v Fw-tπm-bv-sa‚ v) dqƒkv 1984

˛ _n¬-Unw-Kv B≥-Uv A-X¿ I¨kv{S-£≥ h¿t°gvkv (d-Kp-tej≥

Hm v Fw-tπm-bv-sa‚ v B≥-Uv I-≠oj≥ Hm- v k¿-hokv) B-Œv, 1996

˛ s{]m-ln-_nj≥ Hm- v Fw-tπm-bv-sa‚ v BUv am-\p-h¬ kv-Im-h-t©-gv-

kv B≥-Uv sZ-b¿ dn-lm-_n-en-t‰-j≥ B-Œv, 2013

1.5 km-aqln-I `{Z-X D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\m-bn hnhn-[ hn`m-K-Øn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-

∂ Akw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n tI-{μ K-h-s◊‚ v

]pXn-bH-cp \nb-aw cq-]-I¬-]-\ sN-bvXp. B \nb-aam-Wv A -Hm¿-K-ss\-

kv-Uv h¿-t°-gv-kv B-Œv, 1996 Iq-Sm-sX tkm-jy¬ sk-Iyq-cn-‰n B-Œv, 2008 ¬

23

Dƒ-s∏-Sp∂ sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n A-h-cp-sS B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ°pw km-

aqln-I {Z-X Dd∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw th-≠n hnhn-[ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ ]p-Xp-Xm-bn

cq-]o-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.

\n-b-a-tk-h-\-ßƒ e- y-am-°p-∂ ]≤Xn

sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS Po-hn-X-km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ Imcyam-b hy-Xym-kw sIm-≠p-h-cm≥

ap-I-fn¬ ]-d-™ \n-b-a-ßƒ-°p km-[n-®n´n√, Im-c-W-ßƒ Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂p:˛

a. sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p A-h-Im-i-s∏- \n-b-a-ßƒ A-h-cn-te-°v hym-]n-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th-≠n A-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-sS \n-c-kn-°-en-s\-Xn-sc

\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ {]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°m≥ Cu \n-b-a-Øn-\v A-Xmb-Xv Z tkm-jy¬

sk-Iyq-cn-‰n BŒv, 2008 (The social security Act, 2008)\v km-[n-®n- n√.

b. 14˛mw h-Ip-∏p-{]-Im-cw G-Xm\pw kwÿm-\-ßƒ am-{X-am-Wv tkm-jy¬ sk-

Iyq-cn-‰n t_m¿-Up-Iƒ cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®n- p-≈Xv. C-°m-c-W-Øm¬ an-° kwÿm-

\ßfn-epw, H-cp co-Xn-bn-ep-≈ t£-a ]-≤-Xn-Ifpw \n¿-h-ln-°s∏Sp-∂n-√.

am{X-a√, Ah \√ co-Xn-bn¬ {]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°m\pw I-gn-™n- n√. AXp-

t]m-se-Xs∂, F√m Pn√-I-fnepw Building & other Construction Workers

( Regulation of Employment & Conditions of Service ) F∂ _n¬-Unw-Kv

B≥-Uv A-X¿ I -kv-{S-£≥ h¿-t°-gv-kv sh¬-s -b¿ t_m¿-Uv cq-]-h-Xv-

I-cn-°-s∏- n- n√. C-Xn-s‚ ]-cn-Wn-X -e-am-bn H-cp co-Xn-bn-ep-ap-≈ kpc£

]-≤-Xn-Ifpw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fn-te-°v F-Øn-°m≥ km-[n-®n- n√.

c. an-° kwÿm-\ßfpw _n-¬-Unw-Kv B≥-Uv A-X¿ I -kv-{S-£≥ h¿-t°-gv-

kv B-Œv, 1996 {]-Im-cw sk-kv ti-J-cn-®n- p-s≠¶nepw C-Ø-c-Øn¬ ti-J-cn-

®n- p-≈ Xp-I (cess amount) hf-sc sN-dn-sbm-cp i-X-am-\w am{X-am-Wv sXm-

gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n D-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈Xv. C-Xp-aq-ew c-Pn-kv-t{S-j≥ Xm-c-X-

tay-\ Ip-d-bp-Ibpw Iq-Sm-sX c-Pn-kv-‰¿ sNbvX sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fn-te-°v B-\p-

Iq-ey-ßƒ F-Øn-°m\pw I-gn-bm-sX h-cp-∂p.

d. ]-≤-Xn-Ifpw B-\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw ]-cym]v-X-am-bn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n- n-√. km-[m-

c-W-bm-bn \n-c-£-ccmb sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fm-Wv A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-ep-≈Xv.

IqSmsX Ch¿ Akw-L-Sn-Xcpw B\p-Iq-ey-ßsf Ipdn®v A⁄-cp-am-Wv.

e. tkm-jy¬ sk-Iyq-cn-‰n B-Œv, 2008 se 19˛mw h-Ip-∏p {]-Im-c-ap-≈ h¿-t°-

gv-kv s -kn-en-t‰-j≥ sk‚¿ H-cp Pn√-bnepw \n-e-hn¬ h-∂n- n√.

f. sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ Cu ]-d-bp-∂ GsX-¶nepw ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS Io-gn¬ c-Pn-Ã¿

sNø-Ww F-∂p-≈Xv, ap-X-em-fn-bp-sSbpw / C-S-]m-Sp-Im-c-s‚-bpw (I-cm-dp-Im-

c-s‚-bpw) D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xza√. C-Xv sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-amWv.

IqSmsX A-h-t_m-[-an√m-bv-abpw k-¶o¿-Wam-b {]-{In-bbpw aq-ew C-Xv km-

24

[y-am-Ip∂p-an-√.

g. F√m ]-≤-Xn-Ifn-epw {]-tXy-Iam-b c-Pn-kv-t{S-j≥ B-h-iy-am-b-Xn-\m¬, A-

hbneq-sS-bp-ff B-h-iy-ap≈ sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p e- y-am-°m≥ _p-≤n-ap- -

\p- -hn-t°-≠n h-cp-∂p.

h. km-[m-c-W-bmbn Cu ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS Io-gn-ep-≈ c-Pn-kv-t{S-j≥ Hcp ÿeØp

\n∂pw as‰mcp ÿe-tØ°v am‰m≥ ]‰m-Ø-Xm-Wv. A-°m-c-W-Øm¬ q-cn-

`m-Kamb IpSn-tb‰ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-ƒ°vv B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- y-am-Im-sX h-cp-

∂-Xn-\n-S-bm-°p∂p. C-Xp-aq-ew CØ-cw sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ Cu kv-Io-an-s‚ (]≤-

Xn)bp-sS Io-gn¬ c-Pn-Ã-¿ sN-øm≥ Xm¬-]-cy-s∏-Sp-∂n√.

2.2. I¿Ø-hy \n¿h-l-W A-tXm-dn-‰n-bpw ew e`n-t°≠ Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°fpw

XΩnep≈ A¥-cw Ipdbv°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n \n-b-a-tk-h-\ k-an-Xn°v hf-

sc hen-sbm-cp ]-¶p-h-ln-°mhp-∂XmWv. Cu H-cp e£yw ap-∂n¬-I≠p-

sIm-≠v, 8˛12˛2010 ¬ tI{μ-k-an-Xn \-SØnb tbm-K-Øn¬ tZiob \n-b-a

tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n ]pXn-sbmcp ]-≤Xn Aw-Ko-I-cn®p. B ]-≤Xn B-Wv

\m-j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv AtXm-dn‰n. (eo-K¬ k¿-ho-kv Sp Zn h¿-t°-

gv-kv C≥ Zn A¨ Hm¿-K-ss\-kv-Uv sk-Œ¿), ]-≤Xn, 2010.

2.3 F-∂n-cp-∂mepw G-sd h¿-j-ßƒ-°p-ti-jhpw Cu \n-b-a \n¿-am-Ww aqew

A¿l-X-s∏´ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-ƒ°vv B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- n°p-∂n√ F∂-Xn-\mepw

{]-iv-\-ß-fp-sS hym-]v-Xnbpw IW-°n-se-SpØv Cu taJ-e-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ {i≤

A\n-hm-cy-am-sW∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ibpw X¬ -e-ambn Ct∏mƒ ]p\¿ÿm-

]n-X-amb Cu ]≤-Xnbn-eq-sS- e£yw t\Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]m-cm-eo-K¬ thm-f‚n-tb-gvkv, eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv A-tXm-dn‰n, {^‚ v Hm-

^okv, ]m\¬ tem-tb-gv-kv, dosS-bv\¿ tem-tb-gv-kv F-∂o ]-Z-ß-fp-sS A¿-

∞w tZio-b \n-b-a tk-h\ A-tXm-dn‰n ({^o B‚ v tIm-ºn‰‚ v eo-K¬ k¿-

hokkv) d-Kp-te-j≥ 2010, Iq-Sm-sX tZio-b \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn‰n (eo-

K¬ k¿-ho-kkv ¢n-\nIv) d-Kp-te-j≥, 2011 Iq-Sm-sX \m-j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-

hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n kvIow t^m¿ ]m-c eo-K¬ thm-f‚n-tb-gv-kv (dn-ssh-kv-

Uv) B‚ v tam-Uyqƒ t^m¿ Hm-dn-b-t‚-j≥ C≥-U-£≥ dn-{ -j¿ tIm-

gvk-kv t^m¿ ]m-c eo-K¬ thm-f‚n-tb-gv-kv s{S-bn-\n-ßn¬ \n¿-Δ-Nn-®n- p-

≈Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv.

3. ]≤-Xn-bpsS t]cv

A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS \n-b-a tk-h-\ßƒ°p≈

NALSAbpsS ]≤Xn, 2015.

25

4. e-£yw.

1. F√m A-kw-LSn-X sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ°pw G-‰hpw A-Xym-h-iyamb \n-

b-a tk-h-\-ßƒ ÿm]n-°pI.

2. s]m-Xp-Xm¬-]-cy l¿-Pn-I-fn-eq-sS \n-b-a \n¿am-W hy-h-ÿ-bn-se \yq-

\-X-Iƒ K-h-s◊‚ v A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-fp-sS k-lm-b-Øm¬ ]cn-lcn-°pI.

3. kwÿm-\ k¿-°m¿ hgn-bpw Pn√m \n¿h-l-W k-an-Xn hgnbpw A-

kw-LSn-X ta-J-ebn-se F√m hn- m-K-Ønepw Dƒ-s∏-Sp∂ sXm-gn-em-

fnI-sf Is≠-Øm\pw cPnÃ¿ sN-øm\pw Iq-Sm-sX A\p-tbm-Pyam-b

F√m B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ F-Øn-°phm\pw {]-bXv-\n-°pI.

4. sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v am-\yamb sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cy-ßfpw th-X-\hpw

Iq-Sm-sX kp-c-£n-X-Xzhpw D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn\p-th-≠n \n-b-a-]-cam-

b hy-h-ÿ-I-sf-°p-dn®p sXm-gn-ep-S-aI-sf t_m-[-h¬°cn-°p-I.

5. sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v Ah-Im-iw \¬Ip∂ \ne-hn-ep-ff \n-b-a-ßtfbpw

]-≤-Xn-I-sfbpw-°p-dn-®p-ap-≈ hn-h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v Ahsc t_m-[-hm-

∑m-cm-°pI.

6. F√m Xc-Øn-ep≈ Akw-L-SnX sXmgn-em-fn-tfbpw c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-\p-am-

bn _-‘-s∏- A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-sf-°p-dn-®v t_m[-h-∑m-cm-°p-Ibpw \n¿-

tZ-iw \¬-Ip-Ibpw sN-øpI.

7. c-Pn-kv-‰¿ sNbvX sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf A-h-cp-sS B-h-iym-\p-kc-Ww B-

\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- y-am-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°pI.

5. \n¿-tZ-i-I X-Øzßƒ

\n-b-a tk-h-\- ÿm-]-\-ßƒ Akw-Ln-SnX sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°mbn- \-S-∏n-

em-°m≥ D-t±-in-°p-∂ ]≤-Xn-b-\p-_‘ X-Øz-ß-fm-Wv Xm-sg sIm-Sp-Øn- p-

≈-Xv:˛

5.1 F√m ]u-c-∑m¿°pw Xpey ]-Z-hnbpw A-h-k-c-ka-Xzhpw C-¥y≥ -c-W-L-

S-\-bp-sS B-ap-J-Øn¬ D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øn-bn- p≠v. Hmtcm kw-ÿm-\-ßfpw A\p-

tOZw 42 {]-Im-cw \ym-b-am-bXpw am-\p-jn-I-]-cam-b km-l-N-cy-ßfpw Iq-Sm-

sX {]-k-h kp-c-£ D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈ h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ / hy-h-ÿ-

Iƒ Bhn-jvIcnt°-≠-Xp-≠v. A\p-tOZw 43 s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, sXm-gn-

em-fn-Iƒ-°v sXm-gnepw ÿn-c h-cp-am-\hpw am-\yamb sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cy-

ß-tfm-sSm-∏w sa-®-s∏- Pohn-X km-l-N-cy-ßfpw, hn-{i-a-th-f-Iƒ ]-c-amh-

[n hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m-\pw, km-aq-ln-Ihpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-]-cam-b A-h-k-c-ßfpw

D-d-∏m-t°≠Xv kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ I-S-am-Wv.

26

5.2 sXm-gn-ens‚ A¥-kv D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øm-sX B-ap-J-Øn¬ \n¿-ΔNn-®n- p-≈ hm-

Kv[m-\am-b hy-‡n-bp-sS A¥-kv D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ km-[y-a√.

5.3 A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e ]m¿-iz-h-Xv-I-cn-°-s∏- H-cp k-aq-l-am-W.v C-¥y-bp-sS

GsXmcp ]uc-s\bpw-t]mse A¿-l-X-s∏- F√m A-h-Im-ißfpw, sXm-gn-

en-\p-≈ A-h-Imiw, \ym-b-hpw am-\y-hpamb sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cyßƒ, ÿn-

c h-cp-am\w, {]kh kpc-£-bpw Iq-Sm-sX am-\yam-b Pohn-X \n-e-hm-cw

F∂nh Ch¿°pw Ah-Im-i-s∏- -Xm-Wv. -c-WL-S-\ hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-øp-∂

\n-b-a-]-cam-b A-h-Im-i-ßƒ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n \-S-∏n-em-°p∂p. -

c-W kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s‚ \yq-\-X-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-

Iƒ Im-h¬ kw-hn-[m-\w t]m-se {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p.

5.4 k¿°m¿ \n¿-tZ-in-® t£-a ]-cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw N- -ß-f-pw ]-≤-Xn-Ifpw Imw£n-

t°-≠Xv Ah D]-tbm-Kn®v D±njvS Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hv Ahs‚ Ah-Im-ißƒ

t\Sn-sb-Sp-°pI, F√m \o-Xnbpw B-h-iym-\p-kc-Ww e- y-am-°p-I F∂-

XmWv. \n- -lm-bcpw Z-cn-{Z-cpam-b A-kw-LSnX ta-J-e-bn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp∂ sXm-

gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v C-Xv th-≠ co-Xn-bn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m-\p-≈ I-gn-hn√. A-h¿-

°v ]n-¥p-Wbpw \o-Xnbpw D-d-∏p-h-cp-tØ≠-Xv \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-

sS I-S-a-bmWv.

5.5 `qcn- mKw hcp∂ Akw-L-SnX sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpw, AXn¬ Hmtcm hn`m-K-Øn-

sebpw hn]p-e-amb P\-k-aq-lw, qan-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn ]c∂p InS-°p-Ibm¬

Ch¿°v \nba tkh-\-ßƒ e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn Hcp ]≤Xn {]Im-c-ap≈

kao-]-\-amWv Bhiyambn hcp-∂-Xv. Ah-cpsS c-W-LS\m-]-c-amb Ah-

Im-i-ßƒ {]m]y-am-Ip-∂-Xn\v A[n-Imc \nbp-‡hpw A¿∏W at\m- m-h-

hpw, kpÿnc {]b-Xv\hpw sIm≠v Hcp \n›nX ka-b-tØ°v XpS¿®-bmb

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ÿm]n-X-am-tI-≠-XmWv.

I¿-Ω ]-≤Xn

6. kv-s]-jy¬ sk√n-s‚ cq-]o-I-cWw

6.1 F√m \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-fpw -e-{]-Zam-b \n-b-a tk-h-\-ß-ƒ \-

S-∏n-em-°m≥ kv-s]-jy¬ sk√p-Iƒ cq-]o-I-cn-°Ww. Cu sk√n¬

sXmgn¬\n-b-a-Øn¬ hnZ-Kv[\m-b H-cp h-°o-e-pw, Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ X-s∂

hn-ZKv-[-\m-b-Xpw, ]-cn-⁄m\w D-≈-Xpam-b D-]-tZ-„m-hpw, \√ {]h¿Øn-]-

cn-Nb-ap-ff F≥Pn-H {]-Xn-\n-[n-bpw, kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n

\n¿-tZ-in-°p-∂ ]m-cm-eo-K¬ hf-≠n-b¿amcpw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂p.

6.2 kv-s]jy-¬ sk√n-s‚ Np-a-X-eIƒ

27

1. Akw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n \n-b-a-ß-sf-°p-

dn-®v t_m[-h-Xv°-c-W ¢m-kp-I-fpw, km£-c-X ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw, ]-cn-io-

e-\ ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw, sk-an-\m-dp-Ifpw kw-L-Sn-∏n-°pI.

2. A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v c-Pn-kvt{Sj-\pw B-\p-

Iq-ey ]-≤-Xn-Ifpw F-Øn-°m≥ k¿°m¿ kan-Xn-Isf G-tIm-]n-∏n-

°pI.

3. A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- y-

am-°m\pw c-Pn-kvt{S-j-\p-am-bn _-‘-s∏- At]£ ]q-cn-∏n-°m\pw

A-Xn-s‚ \-S]-Sn {I-a-ßƒ-°p-th-≠n-bp-≈ k-lm-b-ßfpw sN-øpI.

4. A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v G-sX-¶nepw A-h-Im-i-

ß-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏´pw Iq-Sm-sX {]Xn-tcm-[-Øn-\p-th-≠nbpw tImS-

Xn ap≥-]m-sI lm-P-cm-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n A-Xym-h-iyam-b \n-b-a ]n-

¥p-Wbpw \n-b-a klm--b-ßfpw sN-bvXp-sIm-Sp-°pI.

5. kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n \n¿-tZ-in-°p-∂ thsd Np-a-X-e-Ifpw \-S-∏n-em-

°pI.

6.3 kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-sS \m-a-\n¿-tZ-iw sNbv-X G-sX-¶nepw Hm- o-k-

dpsStbm saº¿ sk-{I- -dn-bp-sStbm am¿§\n¿-tZ-i-{]-Im-c-am-Wv kv-s]-jy¬

sk¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂Xv. I-q-Sm-sX -sk√n-¬ \n£n-]vX-amb I¿Øhyßsf-

°p-dn-®p-≈ dn-t∏m¿- p-Iƒ Xbm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ Np-a-X-ebpw Ch¿°p≠v.

6.4 kv-s]-j¬ sk√n-se F√m AwK-ßƒ°pw iº-fw \¬-Ip∂-Xv kwÿm-\

AtXm-dn-‰n-bm-Wv.

7. A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf Xn-cn-®-dnb¬

7.1 \n-b-a tk-h-\ ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS {]-Y-aam-b I¿-Øhyw F-∂p- ]-d-bp∂-Xv

te-_¿ Un-∏m¿- p-sa‚n¬ \n∂pw km-aq-lyt£-a h-Ip-∏n¬ \n∂pw hn-h-c-

ßƒ ti-J-cn-°p-Ibpw A-s√-¶n¬ kz-bw k¿-th \-S-Øp-Ibpw A-s√-¶n¬

\n-b-a hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw B {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ F≥Pn-H

ap-tJ-\bpw B {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ A-kw-LSnX sXm-gn-em-fnI-

sf I-s≠Øp-I / Xn-cn-®-dnbp-I F-∂-Xm-Wv.

7.2 Xn-cn-®-dn-b¬ {]-{In-b-bn-eqsS, C-Xn¬ \n-∂pw \n¿_-‘nX sXm-gn-em-fn-I-

sfbpw _methe sN-øp-∂h-scbpw Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-I-bpw AØcw \ntcm-[n-°-

s∏´ hn`m-KsØ Xn-cn-®-dn-™m¬ A-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- AtXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ-°v

t_m≠-Uv te-_¿ kn-kv‰w (At_m-fnj≥) B-Œv, 1976, Zn ssN¬-Uv te-

_¿ (t{]m-ln-_n-j≥ B‚ v d-Kp-tej≥) B-Œv, 1976, ssN¬-Uv te-_¿

28

(t{]mln-_n-j≥ B≥-Uv d-Kp-tej≥) B-Œv, 1986 Iq-Sm-sX Pp-h-ss\¬ P-kv-

‰o-kv B-Œv, 2000 {]-Im-cw Ah-sc c-£-s∏-Sp-Øm-\pw, tam-Nn-∏n-°m-\pw, ]p-\-

c-[n-hm-k-Øn-\p-ap-≈ am¿-K-ßfpw \n¿-tZ-in-°-Ww.

7.3 Hmtcm {]-tZ-i-sØbpw (P-\-kw-Jybpw Iq-Sm-sX {]-[m-\am-b L-S-I-ß-fp-am-

bn) _-‘-s∏- F√m hn- m-K-ß-sfbpw kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-sS \n¿tZ-

i {]-Im-cw Hmtcm kwÿm-\-Øns‚ hnkvXo¿Æw, P\-kw-Jy, a‰p {]k-

‡-L-S-I-ßƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn \n-›n-X k-a-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Xn-cn-®-dn-b-Ww.

8. sXm-gn-en-\p G‰hpw Ip-d-™ th-X-\-Øn-\p-ap-≈ \n-_-‘-\Iƒ

kw-ÿm-\-hpw, Pn√m \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-bpw, kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚-bpw,

Pn√-bp-sSbpw -c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚bpw Iq-Sm-sX {]m-tZ-in-Iam-b F≥.Pn.H-bp-

sSbpw k-l-I-c-W-tØm-Sp- Iq-Sn A-kw-LSnX sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS {]-tXy-I-

am-bn Km¿lnI sXm-gn-em-fn-IfpsS sXm-gn-en-s\-°p-dn®pw Ip-d-™ th-X-\-

sØ-°p-dn®pw D-≈ \nb-am-\p-krX \n-_-‘-\-I-ƒ \n-›-bn-°pI. Cu \n-

_-‘\-Iƒ A-\n-hm-cy-am-sW-∂v kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ-

°v t_m-[y-am-Ip∂ ]£w A-h-sb- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

Xn\mhiy-amb- \-S]-Sn kzo-I-cn-°Ww.

9) kwÿm-\ km-aq-ly kwc-£W t_m¿Uv (sk-Iyq-cn-‰n t_m¿-Uv) Iq-Sm-

sX sIń-S \n¿-amW sXm-gn-em-fn t£a t_m¿-Up-I-fp-sS cq-]o-IcWw

km-aq-ly kpc-£ t_m¿Upw, sIń-S \n¿amW sXm-gn-em-fn t£a t_m¿-

Upw ÿm-]n-®n- n√m-Øn-S-sØm-s° kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n

kwÿm-\ k¿-°m-cp-am-bn klI-cn®v, kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-

‰n-bp-sS -c-W-\n¿-Δ-lW k-an-Xn sN-b¿-am-s‚ A\p-hm-Z-tØmsS Bh-iy-

sa-¶n¬ s]m-Xp Xm-Xv]-cy l¿-Pn- A-Xm-Xv ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bn¬ \¬In CØ-

cw t_m¿-Up-Iƒ ÿm-]n-°Ww.

10) sk-kv Xp-I-bp-sS D-]-tbmKw

kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn‰n, sIń-S \n¿amW sXm-gn-em-fn t£a

t_m¿-Un-s\ G-tIm-]n-∏n-®v sk-kv (cess) h-gn ti-J-cn-® Xp-I ÿn-c \n-

t£-]-am-bn InS-°m-sX sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p e- yam-b ]-≤-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS D-]-

Im-c-{]-Z-am-Ip-∂ co-Xn-bn¬ hn-\n-tbm-Kn-°p-I. kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n C-Xp-

am-bn _-‘-s∏- hn-h-c-ßƒ t_m¿-Un¬ \n-∂v B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, Cu

B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- y-am-°m≥ sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw

t_m¿-Un-s\ G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-I. G-sX-¶nepw sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-

°v A¿-l-am-b B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ \n-c-kn-°p-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn-¬ sXm-gn-em-

fn-I-fp-sS Xm¬-]cyw ap≥-\n¿-Øn-bm-Wv kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-

‰n kv-s]-j¬ sk¬ aptJ-\ \n-b-a-]-cam-b ]-cn-lm-c-ßƒ \n¿-tZ-in-°pI.

29

11) \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ Io-gn¬ h-cp-∂ k¿°m¿ ]≤-XnIƒ

\n-b-a-tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n, kw-ÿm\-Øv \n-e-hn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ A-kw-

LSnX sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v A\p-tbm-Pyam-b ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ kwÿm-\ k¿°m-

cns‚ ap≥-]n¬ A-dn-bn-°p-I. Cu ]≤-Xn A-\n-hm-cy-am-sW-¶n¬ -c-W-\n¿-

Δ-lW sN-b¿-am-s‚ k-Ω-X-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn s]m-Xp Xm¬]-cy l¿-Pn-bn-eq-sSbpw

C-°mcyw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.

12) \n-ba t_m-[-h¬-°c-Ww

12.1 F√m hn- m-K-Øn-ep-ap-≈ A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf I-

s≠-Øn-b-Xn-\p ti-jw A-h¿-°p e- yam-b ]-≤-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn-®v \nb-a-t_m-

[-h-Xv°-c-W ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kw-L-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw km-aq-ly kp-c-£n-X-Xz-Øn-

\p-≈ am¿-K-ßƒ kzo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sN-øWw. Cu H-cp Dt±-iy e-£y-tØm-

Sp-Iq-Sn kv-s]-j¬ sk√v A-kw-L-Sn-X- ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°p-th-

≠n A-h-cp-sS tPm-en ÿ-e-ßfntem A-s√-¶n¬ I-ayq-Wn-‰n sk‚-dp-Ifntem

\n-b-a km-£-c-X Iymw-]p-Iƒ kw-L-Sn-∏n-°Ww.

12.2 F√m kw-ÿm\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-Ifpw e- yam-b ]-≤-Xn-I-sf-°p-

dn-®v tbmKy-X A-Sn-ÿm-\-Ønepw Iq-Sm-sX B-h-iym-\p-kc-Ww B-\p-Iq-

ey-ßƒ e- y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ c-Pn-kv-t{Sj-s‚ \-S-]-Sn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-ap-≈ hn-

h-cß-ƒ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v H-cp e-Lp-]-{Xn-I {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°Ww. B e-

Lp-]-{Xn-I-bp-sS ]-I¿-∏v F√m {^‚ v Hm- o-kp-I-fnepw e- y-am-°-Ww. \n-b-

a tk-h-\ ¢n-\n-Ipw Iq-Sm-sX kv-s]-j¬ sk√n-s‚ B-ÿm-\hpw \n-ba

t_m-[-h¬-°-c-W-Øn\pw km-£c-Xm ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°pw th-≠n hn´p sIm-

Sp-°Ww.

12.3 ap-I-fn¬ ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂ hn-h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v Zq-c-Z¿-i-\n-epw, Hmƒ C-¥y

tdUn-tbm, I-ayq-Wn-‰n tdUntbm ap-Jm¥-chpw {]-N-cn-∏n-°pI.

12.4 \n-b-a-tk-h-\ ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw kv-s]-j¬ sk√n-se sa-º¿-am-cp-sSbpw

sSen-t^m¨ \-º-dp-Ifpw sl¬∏v-sse≥ \-º-dp-Ifpw tÃ-‰v te-_¿ B‚ v

tkm-jy¬ sh¬-s -b¿ t_m¿-Uv {]-Z¿-in-∏n-°Ww.

13) ]m-cm- eo-K¬ thm-f‚n-tb-gv-kn-\p-th-≠n hn-ZKv-[ ]-cn-io-e\w.

kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n B {]-tZi-sØ {]-tXy-I hn- m-K-

Øn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂ A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS B-h-iyß-

sf ap≥-\n¿-Øn k¿-°m¿ ]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬ \n-∂p e- y-am-Ip-∂ B-\p-Iq-eyß-

sf tI-{μo-I-cn-®v ]m-cm-eo-K¬ thm-f‚o-tb-gv-kn-\v hn-Z-Kv-[am-b ]-cn-io-e-\ ]-

cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kw-L-Sn-∏n-°-Ww.

30

]-cn-ioe-\w t\Sn-b ]m-cm eo-K¬ thm-f‚o-tb-gv-kv sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf A- y-

kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Iq-Sm-sX B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw A-Xm-Xv A-tXm-

dn-‰n-I-fp-am-bn sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ°p-th-≠n k-º¿-°w ]p-

e¿-Øp-Ibpw sN-øWw.

14) h¿-t°-gv-kv s -kn-en-t‰-j≥ sk‚¿

2008 B-Œnse 9˛mw h-Ip-∏v {]-Im-cw kwÿm-\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-

‰nbpw te-_¿ Un-∏m¿- p-sa‚p-I-fp-am-bn kl-Icn®v h¿-t°-gv-kv s -kn-en-

t‰-j≥ sk‚-dp-Iƒ cq-]o-I-cn-°Ww. CØ-cw sk‚-dp-IfpsS IqsS hn-Z-Kv-

[am-b ]-cn-ioe-\w t\Sn-b ]n-.F¬-.hn A√-¶n¬ F≥.Pn.H {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-

Xm-Wv.

15) sa-®-s∏´ sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cyw

G-Xm\pw Nn-e \n-b-a-ß-fn¬ A-Xmb-Xv sI´n-S \n¿amW sXm-gn-emfn (tk-

h-\ \n_≤-X) B-Œv Iq-Sm-sX _o-Un B‚ v kn-Kd‰v sXm-gn-em-fn I-≠oj≥

Hm- v Fwtπm-bv-sa‚ v B-Œv {]-Imcw Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ sXm-gn¬ km-l-Ncyw

D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂ h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ {I-ao-I-cn-°pI. AXp-t]m-se \n-b-a-]-cam-b

hyhÿ-Iƒ H-∂p-an-s√-¶nepw th-X-\-Øn-s‚bpw sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cy-ß-

sf-°p-dn-®p-ap-≈ B-h-iy-I-X-sb- Ipd®p ImW-cpXv

kwÿm-\ \n-b-a-tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ Iymºp-Iƒ \-S-Øp-Ibpw

F≥.Pn.H˛sS k-l-I-c-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn sXm-gn¬ Zm-Xm-hv AY-hm ap-X-em-fn-

Iƒ A-kw-LSn-X ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v \nb-aw A-\p-im-kn-°p-

∂ am-\yamb sXm-gn¬ km-l-N-cy-ßƒ D-d-∏m-°pIbpw thWw.

16) Fw-tπm-tb-gv-kn-\p (ap-X-emfn) th-≠n sk-an-\m-dp-Iƒ kw-L-Sn-∏n°p-I

sXm-gn¬ -Zm-Xm-hn-s\ A-h-cp-sS \n-b-a-]-cam-b I¿-Ø-hy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw sXm-

gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS \ym-b-am-b B-h-iy-ßƒ ]m-en-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠nbpw kwÿm-

\ \n-b-a- tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰nbpw kv-s]-j¬ sk√pw sk-an-\m-dp-Iƒ kw-L-

Sn-∏n-°Ww.

17) ]p-\-c-[nhm-k ]≤Xn

s{]m-ln-_nj≥ Hm- v Fw-tπm-bv-sa‚ v B≥-Uv am-\p-h¬ kv-Im-h-t©-gv-kv

B≥-Uv sZb¿ dn-lm-_n-en-t‰-j≥ B-Œv, 2013se 13˛mw h-Ip-∏v t]mse G-

Xm\pw Nn-e \n-b-a-ß-ƒ {]Imcw sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v ]p-\-c-[n-hm-kw e- y-am-

°p-∂p≠v. Cu ]-d-™ \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ Io-gn¬ ap≥-Ime-Øv \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂

am-\p-h¬ kv-Im-h-t©-gv-kn¬ ]p-\-c-[n-hm-kw D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-hm≥ kwÿm-

\ \n-b-a tk-h-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n A-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-am-bn

31

kwtbm-Pnt®m kzbtam A-s√-¶n¬ F≥.Pn.H ap-tJ-\tbm ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Bhn-

jvI-cn-t°-≠-XmWv.

18) \n-b-a-]-cam-b k-lm-bhpw {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-c-Whpw

tIm-S-Xnbntem G-sX-¶nepw A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-sS ap≥-]m-sItbm \n-b-a-]-cam-b

{]-Xn-\n-[o-Ic-Ww B-h-iyam-b k-ab-Øv \n-b-a ]n-¥p-Wbpw k-lm-b-hpw

kv-s]-j¬ sk√p-Iƒ \¬-IWw.

32

33

inip kulrZ \nba tkh-\-§fpw AhcpsS kwc-

£-W- n\pÅ NALSA ]²Xn, 2015

34

35

inip kulrZ \nba tkh-\-ßfpw AhcpsS kwc-£-W-

Øn\p≈ NALSA ]≤-Xn, 2015

1. Bap-Jhpw ]›m-Ø-ehpw

Ipń-Iƒ kaq-l-Ønse G‰hpw a¿Ω-{]-[m\ hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv F∂-

Xn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-√. Ah¿ temI P\-kw-Jy-bpsS aq∂n-sem∂v {]Xn-

\n-[m\w sNøp-∂p. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Ah¿°v DNn-X-amb Ah-k-c-ßƒ \¬In-bn-

s√-¶n¬, \mfsØ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-t_m-[-ap≈ ]uc-∑m-cmbn Ahsc hf¿Øp-

hm-\p≈ Ah-kcw Cu Xe-ap-dbv°v \jvS-amhpw.. GsXmcp Ipń-bp-tSbpw

hy‡nØzw A\mhr-X-am-°p-hm\pw, imco-cn-I-ambpw am\-kn-I-ambpw [m¿an-I-

ambpw Bflo-b-ambpw Ah¿°v G‰hpw Db¿∂ \ne-bn¬ FØn-t®-cp-hm\pw,

bph Xe-ap-dbv°v \nba tkh-\-ßƒ t]mse th≠{X Ah-k-c-ßƒ e`y-am-Ip-

hm-\p-≈ Npa-Xe \Ωƒ Gh-cn-ep-amWv F∂mWv kp{]ow tImSXn Salil Bali v.

Union of India and Anr., [2013 VII AD (SC)] ¬ ta¬]-d™ \nco-£Ww sIm≠v

A¿∞-am-°n-bXv.

2. A¥m-cmjv{S {]Xn-_-≤-X-Iƒ

2.1 Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ {]Jym-]\w 1959 \hw-_¿ 20\v

kzoI-cn-®-t∏mƒ, Ipń-Iƒ Btcm-Ky-I-c-hpw, kzmX-{¥yhpw A¥- p-ap≈

Hcp A¥-co-£-Øn¬, imco-cn-I-ambpw am\-kn-I-ambpw [m¿Ωn-I-ambpw

Bflo-b-ambpw kmaq-ln-I-am-bpw hnI-kn-°p-hm-\mbn bp F≥ P\-d¬

Akwªn 10 XØz-ßƒ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p.

2.2 bqssW-s‰Uv t\j-≥kns‚ Pph-ss\¬ \oXn \S-∏n-em-°p∂ dqƒkv (“Zn

s_bvPnwKv dqƒkv”, 1985) {]Im-cw, F√m cmjv{S-ßfpw Pph-ss\-ep-I-fpsS

\S-]-Sn-{I-a-ßƒ \n¿Δ-ln-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿°v Hcp A`n- m-j-I≥ hgn {]Xn-

\n-[m\w sNøp-hm-\p-≈ Ah-Imiw \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn\p ]pd-ta,

kuP\y \nba klmbw \¬Ip∂ cmjv{S-ß-fn¬, AXv e`y-am-°p-hm-

\p≈ kuI-cy-ßƒ D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.

2.3 Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ßsf Ipdn-®p≈ bp.-F≥. I¨sh≥j≥ (UNCRC),

A¥m-cmjv{S Xe-Øn¬ _m[-I-amb Hcp ka{K \n›-nX-tcJ, bpF≥

P\-d¬ A wªn 1989- ¬ kzoI-cn-®-Xm-Wv. CXns‚ {][m\ Dt±-iw, Ipń-

Iƒ°v e`n-t°≠ {]mY-anI Ah-Im-i-ßfpsS cq]-tcJ krjvSn-°pI

F∂XmWv. Cu Ah-Im-i-ßsf \mep Xc-Øn¬ th¿Xn-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-

Wv. Xmsg ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ t]mse, Ah Hmtcm Ipń-bp-tSbpw B`y-¥-c,

kmwkvIm-cn-I, cmjv{So-b, kmaqly, kmº-ØnI Ah-Im-i-ß-tfbpw

Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xm-Wv.

36

a) AXn-Po-h\ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ: Ipń°v Pohn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-Imiw; \ne-

\n¬∏n\p th≠n-bp≈ t]mj-Im-lm-cw, A -bw, PohnX \ne-hm-cw,

sshZy tkh-\-ß-fpsS e`yX apX-emb ASn-ÿm\ Bh-iy-ßƒ°p≈

Ah-Im-iw.

b) hnI-k\ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ: Ipń-Iƒ°v hnZym- ym-kw, hnt\mZw, hn{i-a-th-

f, kmwkvIm-cnI {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, Adn-hns‚ e`y-X, Nn¥m kzmX-

{¥yw, a\:-km£n, aXw XpS-ßn-bh Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ kzmX-

{¥yw, apX-em-b-h-bpsS Ah-Im-iw.

c) kwc-£-W Ah-Im-i-ßƒ: Zpcp-]-tbm-Kw, Ah-K-W-\, NqjWw Ch-

bn¬ \n∂v Ipń-Isf kpc-£n-X-cm-°p-Ibpw A -bm¿∞n Ipń-Iƒ°v

{]tXyI ]cn-N-c-Whpw Dd-∏m-°pI; Ip‰-Ir-Xy-\n-ba hyh-ÿ-bn¬ Ipń-

I-fpsS kpc-£,-sXmgn¬ taJ-e-bn¬ Ipń-I-fpsS kwc-£Ww; Zpcp-]-

tbm-Khpw Nqj-Whpw A\p- -hn® Ipń-Iƒ°v kwc-£-Whpw ]p\-c-

[n-hm-khpw; apX-emb Ah-Im-i-ßƒ.

d) ]¶m-fn-Ø-Øn-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ: A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ {]I-S-am-°p-hm-\p≈

Ah-Imiw; kz¥w Pohn-XsØ _m[n-°p∂ Imcy-ßfn¬ Ah-cpsS

Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-\p-≈ Ah-Imiw; kwL-S-\-Iƒ cq]n-

I-cn-°p-hm\pw, kam-[m-\-]-c-ambn ktΩ-fn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-Imiw; Ipń-

Iƒ°v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap≈ ]uc≥am-cmbn hf-cp-hm≥, Ah-cpsS Ign-

hp-Iƒ hnI-kn°p-∂Xv A\p-k-cn®v, kaqlØnse {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬

]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥ IqSp-X¬ Ah-k-c-ßƒ \¬I-Ww.

3. `c-W-L-S\ Dd-∏p-Iƒ

3.1 tZi-Øns‚ ]ptcm-K-Xn-°mbn Ipń-I-fpsS hnI-k\w A\n-hm-cy-am-sW∂pw

AXn\p Ipń-Isf Nqj-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw kwc-£n-°Ww F∂p≈

hkvXpX `c-W-L-S\m inev]nIƒ°v hy‡-ambn Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.

cmPysØ ]uc-∑msct]mse-Øs∂-bmWv Ipń-Iƒ°pw C¥y≥ c-W-L-

S-\-bn¬ AhImißƒ \¬In-bn- p-≈-Xv. Ah-cpsS {]tXyI ÿm\w am\n®p

Ah¿°mbn {]tXyI \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-Whpw \S-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ipń-bpsS

Ah-Im-i-ßsfIpdn-®p≈ bpF≥ I¨sh≥j-\nse an° Ah-Im-i-ßfpw

`c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ auen-I-amb Ah-Im-i-ß-fm-bpw kwÿm\ \b-Øns‚

\n¿t±i XØz-ß-fnepw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≠v.

3.2 C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bnse A\p-tOZw 22 {]Imcw F√m ]uc\pw A-h-

cpsS CjvS-{]-Im-c-ap≈ Hcp \nba A`n- m-j-Is\ sh®v {]Xn-tcm-[n-°p-hm-

\p≈ aueoI Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. \nba tkh-\-ßsf kwÿm\ Nne-hn¬ D-

d-∏m-°p-∂-XmWv Ppsh-s\-bn¬ \oXn \n¿Δ-l-W-Øn¬ ]men-t°≠

37

aueoI XXzw. F√m iniphn\pw kuP\y \nba klmbw sImSp-°p-hm-

\p≈ ISa \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn- n-bp-sS-Xm-Wv.

C¥y≥ c-W-LS\bn¬ Ipń-Isf kw_--‘n-®n- p≈ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Ch-bmWv:

a) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 14- ¬, C¥ybpsS `q-hn- m-K-Øn-\-IØp≈

Hcmƒ°pw \nb-a-Øn\v ap∂nep≈ ka-Xzhpw Xpey-amb \nb-a-kw-c-

£Whpw c-W-IqSw \ntj-[n-°m≥ ]mSn√m-Ø-Xm-Ip∂p F∂v {]Jym--]n-

®n-cn-°p-∂p.

b) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 15(3)˛¬, kv{XoIƒ°pw Ipń-Iƒ°pw {]tXyI

hyh-ÿ-Iƒ D≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw c-W-Iq-SsØ XS-bm≥ ]‰p-∂-X√,

F∂v {]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

c) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 21, Poh\pw hy‡n-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-\p-ap≈ Ah-

Imiw \¬Ip-∂p.

d) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 21F {]Imcw, Bdp sXm v ]Xn-\mep hb v

hsc-bp≈ Ipń-Iƒ°v kuP-\yhpw \n¿_‘nXhp-amb hnZym-`ymkw

\¬Ip-hm≥ c-W-Iq-S-Øn\v _m≤y-X-bp-≠v.

e) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 23(1)- ¬, a\p-jy-°-S-Øv, \n¿_-‘nX sXmgn¬

apX-em-bh \ntcm-[n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p. CXn\p hn-cp-≤-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-

∂Xv in£m¿l-am-Wv.

f) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 24 {]Im-cw, _me-the \ntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p∂p

(]-Xn-\mev hb n\p Xmsg-bp≈ Ipń-Iƒ).

g) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 29(2)- ¬, Hcp ]uc\pw aXw PmXn mj apX-

em-b-h-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ GsXmcp k¿°m¿ hnZym- ymk ÿm]-\-

Øntem k¿°m¿ [\w kzoI-cn®v \S-Øp∂ hnZym- ymk ÿm]-\-Øntem

{]th-i\w \ntj-[n-°-cp-Xv, F∂v {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.

h) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 39(e)- ¬, sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS Btcm-Kyhpw

i-‡nbpw kpc-£n-X-am-°p-hm-\pw, Ipń-I-fpsS Cfw-{]m-bsØ NqjWw

sNømXncn-°p-hm\pw, kmº-ØnI Bhiyw aqew bmsXmcp ]uc\pw Ah-

cpsS {]mb-Øn\p A\p-tbm-Py-a-√mØ Hcp {]h¿Øn-bm¬ \n¿_-‘n-X-

ambn G¿s∏-Sp∂ Ahÿ XS-bp-hm\pw th≠n, c-W-IqSw AXns‚ \b-

ßƒ cq]I¬]\ sNøp-hm≥ {]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

i) `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 39(f)- ¬, Ipń-Iƒ Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb Hcp

A¥-co-£-Øn¬ hfcp-hm-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ßfpw kuI-cy-ßfpw kzmX-

{¥yhpw A¥ p-w e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn\pw Ah-cpsS _meyhpw bph-Xzhpw

38

Nqj-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw Akm-∑m¿§n-I-X-bn¬\n∂pw kwc-£n-°p-hm\pw

th≠n, tÃ‰v AXns‚ \b-ßƒ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

j) `cWL-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 45- ¬, ssii-hmÿ apX-ep≈ {i≤-bpw, 6

hb- p-h-sc-bp≈ F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw kuP\y hnZym- ymkhpw A\p-h-Zn-

°p-∂p.

k) `cWL-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 47- ¬, t]mj-Im-lmc \ne-hm-chpw PohnX

\ne-hm-chpw Db¿Øp-∂-Xpw, s]mXp Btcm-Kyw sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw c-

W-IqSw AXns‚ {]mY-anI I¿Ø-hy-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°-Ww, F∂v {]Jym-

]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

l) `cWL-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 51A(k)- {]Imcw, F√m amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw c£-

I¿Øm-°fpw Ah-cpsS 6 sXm´p 14 hb v hsc-bp≈ Ipń-Iƒ°v hnZym-

`ymk Ah-k-c-ßƒ \¬Ip-I F∂Xv F√m amXm ]nXm-°fpsSbpw c£n-

Xm-°-fp-sSbpw I¿Ø-hy-ambn {]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p.

4. a‰p \nb-a-ßƒ

`c-W-L-S-\°v ]pdta Ipń-Isf kw_-‘n® Ht´sd \nbaßƒ D≠v. A

h-bn¬ NneXv Ch-sbm-s°-bmWv :

a) Zn Km¿Un-b≥kv B≥Uv hm¿Uvkv \nbaw 1890

Ipń-I-fpsS c£-I¿Øm-°-ƒ°v Bh-iy-amb tbmKy-X-Iƒ, Ah-cpsS \nb-

a-\hpw \o°wsNøepw F∂nh tImSXn apJm-¥cw ssIImcyw sNøp∂

\nb-a-am-WnXvv. Ch aX-t -Z-at\y F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw _m[-I-hp-amWv.

b) _me-the (\n-tcm-[-\hpw \nb-{¥-W-hpw) \nbaw 1986

Ipń-Isf Nne sXmgn-ep-I-ƒ sNøn-∏n-°p-∂Xn¬ \n∂pw \ntcm-[n-°p-hm-

\pw Ah-cpsS a‰v sXmgn¬ kml-N-cy-ßƒ sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p-amWv Cu

\nbaw {]m_-ey-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. Cu \nba{]Imcw 14 hb v XnI-

bm-Ø-h-sc-bmWv Ipń F∂v IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. CØcw Ipń-Isf \n¿±n-jvS

sXmgn-ep-I-fnepw \n∂pw {]{In-b-I-fnepw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv hne-°p-I-bmWv

Cu \nb-a-Øns‚ e£yw.

c) Zn {]o -t\-‰¬ Ub-K-t\m-ÃnIv sSIv\n°v (Zp-cp-]-tbmK \nb-{¥-Whpw

XS-b-epw) \nbaw 1994.

sP\-‰nIv AYhm sa‰m-t_m-fnIv AYhm t{Imtam-tkm-a¬ Akzm- m-hn-I-

X-tbm, ss\k¿KnI Akzm- m-hn-I-X-tbm, enwK-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ {Ia-

39

t°-Sp-Isfm I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {]o -t\-‰¬ Ub-K-t\m-ÃnIv

sSIv\n-°p-I-fpsS \nb-{¥Ww Cu \nbaw \¬Ip-∂p. CXv IqSm-sX, K¿`ÿ

inip-hns‚ enwK \n¿Æb-Øn\p th≠n AØcw kmt¶-XnIX hnZy-bpsS

Zpcp-]-tbm-Kw XS-bm-\p-ap≈ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ, Cu \nbaw \¬Ip-∂p.

d) Pqh-ss\-bn¬ PÃnkv (Ip-ń-I-fpsS ]cn-]m-e-\hpw kwc-£-W-hpw)

\nbaw, 2000.

Cu \nb-aw, ]cn-]m-e-\hpw kwc-£-Whpw Bh-iy-ap≈ Ipń-I-tfbpw \nba

ewL-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏- n-cn-°p∂ Ipń-I-tf-bpw kw_‘n®p≈ \nb-a-ßƒ

ssIImcyw sNøp∂p. Ah-cpsS hnI-k\ Bh-iy-ßƒ°mbn Ah¿°v

th≠{X ]cn-]m-e\hpw kwc-£-Whpw ]cn-N-c-Whpw \¬Ip-∂p. Ipń-I-

fpsS G‰hpw anI® Xm¬]-cym-\p-krXw Imcy-ß-fpsS \ymb-\n¿Æ-b-

Øn\pw \n¿Δl-W-Øn\pw, \nbaw {]Imcw ÿm]n-X-amb hnhn[ ÿm]-

\-ß-fn¬ Ah-cpsS ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn-\p-am-bpw Hcp inip kulrZ kao-

]\w kzoI-cn-°p-hm-\mWv Cu \nbaw e£y-an-Sp-∂-Xv.

e) inip Ah-Imi kwc-£-W-Øn-\m-bp-≈ IΩo-j≥kv \nbaw, 2005.

Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ kwc-£n-°p-hm-\mbn tZiob IΩo-j\pw

kwÿm\ IΩo-j\pw cq]o-I-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Cu \nb-aw

\¬Ip-∂p. CXn\p ]pd-ta, Ipń-Iƒ°v t\sc-bp≈ Ip‰-ß-fp-sSbpw Ah-

cpsS Ah-Im-i ewL\ Ip‰-ß-fp-sSbpw hnNm-cW F{Xbpw s]s´∂v \S-

∏n-em-°p-hm≥ th≠n _me tImSXn ÿm]n-°p-hm-\p-≈ hyh-ÿ-Ifpw

Cu \nb-aw \¬Ip-∂p.

f) ssiih hnhml \ntcm-[\ \nbaw, 2006

Cu \nb-aw, BÏp- n-I-fp-sSbpw s]Ïp- n-I-fp-sSbpw G‰hpw Ipd™

{]mbw hnh-cn-®p-sIm-≠v, ssiih hnhm-l-w \ntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p∂p. (f) ssiih

hnhml \ntcm-[\ BIv‰v, 2006˛se 2(-a) hIp∏v {]Imcw hnhm-l-Øn\v

BÏp- n-Iƒ°v 21 hb pw s]Ïp- n-Iƒ°v 18 hb pw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

g) kuP-\yhpw \n¿-_-‘n-X-hp-amb hnZym- ymkw e`n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ipń-I-

fpsS Ah-Imi \nbaw, 2009.

`c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A\p-tOZw 21F {]Imcw Bdp sXm v ]Xn-\mep hb v

hsc-bp≈ Ipń-Iƒ°v kuP-\yhpw \n¿_-‘n-X-hp-amb hnZym-`ymkw

\¬Iphm≥ c-W-IqSw _m[y-ÿ-am-Wv. CXv {]Im-c-ap≈ \nb-a-amWv Cu

\nb-aØn-eqsS \n¿Ωn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Bdp sXm´v ]Xn-\mep hb v hsc-

bp≈ F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw kuP-\yhpw \n¿_-‘n-X-hp-amb hnZym- ymkw

40

Cu \nb-a {]Imcw \¬I-s]-Sp-∂p.

h) ssewKnI Ip‰-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Ipń-I-fpsS kwc-£W \nbaw, 2012

ssewKn-I-amb A{I-a-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ssewKn-I-amb ]oU-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

A«oekm-ln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ipń-Isf kwc-£n-°p-hm-\p≈ \nb-

aamWnXv. CXv IqSmsX AØcw Ip‰-ß-fpsS hnNm-cW sNøp-hm≥

kvs]jy¬ tImS-Xn-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw Cu \nb-aw hyh-ÿ- sNøp∂p.

5. \nba tkh-\-Øn-\p≈ A[n-Im-cm-h-Imiw

5.1 \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn- okv BIv‰v, 1987 {]Imcw \¬Ip∂ \nba tkh-

\-ß-fpsS KpW-t`m-‡m-°fmbn Ipń-I-sf Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. GsXmcp

hy‡n°pw, kmºØnIamtbm As√-¶n¬ a‰v sshI-ey-ßƒ aqe-tam, \oXn

\ntj-[n-°m-X-nbn-cn-°m≥ th≠n kaq-l-Ønse Zp¿_e hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏- -

h¿°v kuP-\yhpw ]cym-]-Xvhpamb \nba tkh-\-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ \nba

tkh\ AtXm-dn- nIƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn- mWv ta¬]-d™ \nb-aw

\n¿Ωn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

5.2 \nba tkh\ AtXmdnókv BIv‰v, 1987 sk£≥ 12(-kn) {]Imcw Hcp

tIkv b¬ sNøp-hmt\m {]Xn-tcm-[n-°p-hmt\m GsXmcp Ipń°pw \nba

tkh-\-ßƒ°v A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ap-≠v. Bb-Xn-\m¬ \nba ewL-\-Øn¬

G¿s∏- n-cn-°p∂ Pph-ss\-ep-Iƒ°v kuP\y \nba tkh\w \¬Ip-hm-

\pw tIkp-Iƒ F{Xbpw s]s´∂v Xo¿∏m-°phm-\pw hnhn[ kwÿm\

\nba tkh\ ÿm]-\-ßsf Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.

5.3 Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, \nba tkh\ ÿm]-\-ßƒ (kw-ÿm\ \nba

tkh\ AtXm-dnń, kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bpsS \nba tkh\ IΩn-‰n, sslt°m-

S-Xn-bpsS \nba tkh\ IΩn-‰n, Pn√ \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn-‰n, Xmeq°v

\nba tkh\ IΩn-‰n), Ipń-Iƒ°v \nba tkh\w \¬Ip-tºmƒ ]men-

t°≠-Xmb ]≤Xn cq]o-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.

6 ]≤-Xn-bpsS t]cv

Cu ]≤-Xnsb NALSA (inip kulrZ \nba tkh-\-ßfpw Ah-cpsS

kwc-£-W-hpw) ]≤-Xn 2015 F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Spw.

7. \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ

Cu kvIoan¬ as‰mcp ]›m-Øew Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬,

a) “BIv‰v” A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv \nba tkh\ AtXm-dnókv BIv‰v, 1987.

b) “JJ BIv‰v” A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Pph-ss\¬ \oXn (Ip- n-Iƒ°v th≠n-bp≈

41

]cn-N-c-Whpw kwc-£-W-hpw) BIv‰v, 2000.

c) “JJ dqƒkv” A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Pp-h-ss\¬ \oXn (Ip- n-Iƒ°v th≠n-bp≈

]-cnN-c-Whpw kwc-£-W-hpw) N -ßƒ 2007

d) “\nba tkh\w” \nba tkh\ AtXm-dnókv BIv‰v, 1987 s‚ sk£≥

2 (C) ¬ \n¿h-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂ AtX A¿∞w.

e) “\nba tkh\ ¢n\nIvv” A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-

dn‰n (\n-ba tkh\ ¢n\n-Ivkv) sdKp-te-j≥ 2011 s‚ sdKp-te-j≥ 2 (c)

¬ ¢n\nIv \n¿Δ-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv t]mse-bm-Wv.

f) “\nba tkh\ ÿm]-\-ßƒ” ˛ kwÿm\ \nba tkh\ A-tXm-dn-‰n,

kp{]ow tImSXn-bpsS \nba tkh\ IΩn-‰n, Pn√ \nba tkh\ A-tXm-

dn‰n, Xm-eq°v \nba tkh\ IΩn-‰n apX-emb GsX-¶nepw ÿm]-\w.

g) “]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿” A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-

dn‰n (ku-P-\yhpw ]cym]vX-hpamb \nba tkh-\-ßƒ) sdKp-te-j≥

2010s‚ sdKp-te-j≥ 8 {]Imcw Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿.

h) “]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf-≠n-b¿” ˛ A¿∞am°p-∂Xv ]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf-≠n-

b¿°m-bp≈ NALSA bpsS kvIoanepw PLV ]cn-io-e-\-Øn-\m-bp-≈ Hmdn-

b-t‚-j≥ C≥U-£≥ dn{ -j¿ tImgvkp-Ifnepw ]cn-io-e\w t\Sn-b-hcpw

Aßs\ \nb-an-Xcp-amb ]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf-≠n-b¿am¿ F∂m-Wv.

i) Cu kvIoan¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂Xpw \n¿h-Nn-®n-°m-Ø-Xp-amb a‰v F√m

hm°p-Iƒ°pw, \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn-‰okv BIv‰v 1987tem, tZiob \nba

tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n dqƒkv 1995 tem, tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n

(ku-P-\yhpw ]cym]vXhp-amb \nba tkh-\-ßƒ) sdKp-te-j≥ 2010 tem

\n¿h-Nn-®n-cn-°p∂ AtX A¿∞-am-Wv.

8. ]≤-Xn-bpsS apJy e£yßƒ

8.1 U¬ln-bn¬ 16 hb- p≈ “X” samss_¬ t^m¨ tamjvSn-®-Xn\v {]Xn-

bmWv. apwss_-bn¬ 12 hb- p≈ “Y” ssewKo-I-amb ]oU\-Øn\v Cc-bm-

Wv. sIm¬s°m-Ø-bn¬ 10 hb- p≈ “Z” s‚ kwc-£-W-Øn-\p-≈ Ah-

Im-isØ sNm√n amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ X¿°-Øn-em-Wv. sNss∂-bn¬ 13 hb-

p≈ “S” F∂ Ipńsb a\p-jy-°-S-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-Øn. CXp-

t]mse Znh-tk\ At\Iw Ipń-Iƒ \nb-a-Øns‚ kº¿°-Øn¬ hcp-∂p-

≠v. AXn-\m¬ Ah-cpsS mhn Pohn-XsØ kzm[o-\n-°m≥ km[y-X-bp≈

Xocp-am-\-ßƒ HutZym-Kn-I-am-bXpw A\u-tZym-Kn-I-am-b-Xp-amb \oXn \n¿h-

lWw \S-Øp-∂-h¿ FSp-°p∂p. \nb-a-Øns‚ kº¿°-Øn¬ hcp∂ Ipń-

42

Iƒ°p≈ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ Fs¥ms° ? Ah¿°v GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-

ep≈ \nba klm-b-Øn\p A¿lX Dt≠m? Ds≠-¶n¬, AXv {]Xn-k-‘n-

bn-em-bXpw Bh-iy-ap-≈-Xp-amb Ipń-Iƒ°v e`y-am-°p-hm-\p-≈ G‰hpw

DNn-X-amb hgn GXv? tkh-\-]-chpw kmº-ØnIhpamb ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°p--

≈n¬\n∂v ta¬]-d™ \nba tkh-\-ßƒ, inip kulr-Z-]-c-ambn

Fßs\ \-S-∏n-em°pw? inip kulr-Z-]-c-amb \oXn-sb∂ Bibw Fß-

s\-bmWv A\u-tZym-Kn-I-amb \oXn-\ymb hyh-ÿ-bn¬ \S-∏n-em-hp-∂Xv?

Cu ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£yw ta¬]-d™ tNmZy-ßƒ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-

hm-\p≈ Hcp {]mtbm-K-nI-amb N -°qSv \n¿t±-in-°m-\pw, Ipń-Iƒ°v A¿∞-

h-Øm-bXpw e-{]-Z-am-bXpw kmº-Øn-I-ambn Xmßm-hp-∂Xpw {]mb-Øn\v

tNcp-∂-Xp-amb \nba klmbw \¬Ip-hm\pw IqsS-bm-Wv.

8. ]≤-Xn-bpsS apJy e£y-ßƒ

8.2 ]≤-Xn-bpsS {][m\ e£y-ßƒ Ch-sbm-s°-bmWv:˛

(i) Ipń-Iƒ°v e`n--t°≠ ASn-ÿm\ Ah-Im-i-ßfptSbpw B\p-Iq-ey-ß-fp-

tSbpw cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°p-I.

(ii) F√m Xe-ß-fnepw ]cn-c-£bpw kwc-£-Whpw Bhiy-ap≈ Ipń-Iƒ°pw

\nb-a-ew-L-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏- n-cn-°p∂ Ipń-Iƒ°pw \nb-a-]-c-amb {]mXn-

\n[yw Dd-∏m°pI.

(iii) tZiob, kwÿm\, Pn√, Xmeq°v Xe-ß-fnepw \nba tkh-\-ßƒ, ÿm]\

]cn-N-c-Ww, ]n¥pW tkh-\-ßƒ F∂nh i‡n-s∏-Sp-ØpI.

(iv) Ipń-Isf AwKo-Icn-°p-Ibpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-

i-ßƒ _lp-am-\n°pIbpw hy‡n- kzmX-{¥ysØ am\n-°pIbpw sNøp∂

Hcp Pph-ss\¬ \oXn k{º-Zmbw krjvSn-°pI.

(v) F√m Xe-ß-fnepw, PLVs, ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿, D]-tZ-i-I¿, tkh\w A\p-

jvSn-°p-∂-h¿, NGOs, Xt±i kzbw- -cW ÿm]-\-ßƒ, t]meokv \oXn-

\n¿Δ-lW Hmô-k¿am¿ a‰p _-‘-s∏´ kwÿm\ hIp-∏p-Iƒ apX-emb

F√m {]h¿Ø-I-cpsSbpw tijn h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥, inip kulrZ \nba

tkh-\-ßƒ \evIp-hm-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs‰-Sp°pI.

(vi) JJBs, CWCs a‰p t£a IΩn‰nIƒ, H_vk¿th-j≥ tlmw, sj¬´¿ tlmw,

am\-koI BtcmKy \ne-b-tam, Bip-]-{Xn-tbm, am\-kn-Im-tcmKy \gvknwKv

tlmw, IΩo-j-\p-Iƒ, t_m¿Up-Iƒ, s{]mt_-j≥ Hmô-k¿am-cpsS

Hmôkv F∂nh t]mse-bp≈ inip kulrZ \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚

Iogn¬ hcp∂ A-tXm-dn‰n-Ifpw ÿm]-\-ßfpw cq]o-I-cn®p F∂ Dd∏v

hcpØpI.

43

(vii) inip t£a-Øn\pw ]cn-c-£-bv°p-am-bn, F√m tZiob/kwÿm\ ]≤-Xn-

Iƒ \b-ßƒ, \nb-{¥-W--ßƒ, t]meokv \n¿t±-i-ßƒ, I¨sh≥j-\p-

Iƒ, N -ßƒ, {]Jym-]-\-ßƒ, A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ, dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ apX-em-b-h-

sb√mw AS-ßp∂ hnh-cW hkvXp-X-Iƒ D≠m-°pI.

(viii) s]mXp-P-\-ß-fn¬ {]tXyIn®v PLVs, ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿, JJB &CWCs

bpsS AwK-ßƒ, t£a {]h¿Ø-I¿, D]-tZ-i-I¿, s{]mt_-j≥ Hmô-

k¿am¿, t]meokv ]ªnIv t{]mkn--Iyq- ¿, PpUo-jy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿, hnhn[

tlmap-I-fnse DtZym--K-ÿ¿, hn-Zym- ymk ÿm]-\-ßƒ, BtcmKy ÿm]-

\-ßƒ apX-emb F√m Xe-ß-fnepw inip kwc-£W tk-h-\-ß-fp-sSbpw

kvIoap-I-fp-sSbpw LS-\-I-fp-sSbpw t_m[--h-Xv°-cWw \S-ØpI.

(ix) apXn¿∂ t]meokv Hmô-k¿am¿, SJPUs PJWOs PLVs ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-

I¿ JJB & CWC bpsS AwK-ßƒ, t£a {]h¿Ø-I¿, D]-tZ-i-I¿, s{]mt_-

j≥ Hmô-k¿am¿, ]ªnIv t{]mkn-Iyq- ¿am¿, PpUo-jy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿,

hnhn[ tlmap-I-fnse DtZymK-ÿ¿ apXemb F√m-h¿°pw ss\]pWy-hn-

I-k-\hpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-t_m-[hpw hcp-Øm≥ ]cn-io-e-\hpw Hmdn-b-t‚-

j\pw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-ØpI.

(x) Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ \nb-a-ß-fnepw ]≤-Xn-I-fnepw

skan-\m-dp-Iƒ, ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ, inev]-im-e-Iƒ F∂nh kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI.

(xi) Ipń-I-fpsS Ah--Im-i-ß-fpsS DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈ F√m

kwÿm\ {]h¿Ø-Icpw ÿm-]-\-ßfpw AtXm-dn- okpw NGOs Dw a‰p

kwL-S-\Ifpw XΩn¬ ê-{]-Z-amb GtIm-]-\hpw kº¿°-hpw hf¿

ØpI.

(xii) hnhn[ ]≤XnI-fnepw \nb-a-ß-fnepw Kth-j-Whpw tUmIyp-a-t‚-j\pw

\S-Øn, AXn-ep≈ hnS-hp-Iƒ Xncn-®-dn™v _‘-s∏´ A[n-Ir-X¿°v AXv

Xncp-Øp-hm-\p≈ \n¿t±-i-ß-ƒ \¬IpI.

9. F√m Xeßfn-tebpw \nba tkh\ ÿm]-\--ßƒ ]ment°≠ {][m-

\-s∏´ XØzßƒ:˛

9.1 Ipń-bpsS G‰hpw anI® Xm¬]-cyw:˛ \nba tkh\w e`n-°p-∂, F√m

]cn-N-c-Whpw ]cn-c-£bpw th≠ Ipń-Iƒ°pw, \nba ewL-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-

ń-cn-°p∂ Ipń-Iƒ°pw, Ah-cpsS Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°v {]mY-anI ]cn-K-W\

In´p-hm-\p≈ Ah-Imiw D≠v.

9.2 inip-t£aw:˛ inip-t£a-Øn\m-bn-cn-°Ww ap≥K-W-\. inip-hns‚ t£a-

Øn-\mbn XpS-°w-ap-X-ep≈ CS-s]-SepIfpw ]n¥p-Wbpw e`y-am-°Ww.

44

9.3 A¥- n-\p≈ Ah-Imiw:-- F√m inip-°ƒ°pw A¥ pw A\p-I-ºbpap≈

s]cp-am‰w e`n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. AXv _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw kwc-

£n-°p-Ibpw thWw.

9.4 Aka-Xzhpw hnth-N-\-hp-an-√m-sX-bn-cn-°m-\p≈ Ah-Imiw:˛ PmXn, aXw,

hnizm-k-ßƒ, {]mbw IpSpw-_-\n-e, kwkv°m-cw, mj, hwio-b-X, sshI-

eyw, P\-\-ÿew apX-emb bmsXmcp Xc-Ønepw Ipń-Isf hnth-N\w

sNøm≥ ]mSn-√.

9.5 ]d-™p-tIƒ∏n-°m-\p≈ Ah-Imiw:- F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw Adnhv e`n-°p-

hm\pw ]d-™p-tIƒ∏n-°m\pw kz¥w Bi-b-ßsf {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm-\p-ap≈

Ah-Imiw D≠v.

9.6 kpc-£n-X--Xz-Øn-\p≈ Ah-Imiw:- F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw F√m Xe-ß-fnepw

kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn-\p≈ Ah-Imiw D≠v. Ipń-Isf thZ-\n-∏n-°p-hmt\m Zpcp-

]-tbmKw sNøp-hmt\m Ah-K-Wn-°mt\m ]mSn√.

9.7 kzIm-cy-X-bv°p≈ Ah-Imiw:- F√m Xe-ß-fnepw Ipń-I-fpsS kzIm-cyX

\nba tkh\ ÿm]-\-ßƒ kwc-£n-°-Ww.

10. I¿Ω ]≤Xn

10.1 t_m¿Up-I-fp-tSbpw kan-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw IΩo-j-\p-I-fp-tSbpw cq]o-I-c-Ww.

a) JJ BIvSns‚ hIp∏v 4 {]Imcw kwÿm\ k¿°m-cn\p F√m Pn√-bnepw

Pph-ss\¬ PÃokv t_m¿Uv cq]o-I-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ A[n-Im-c-ap-≠v. km[m-

cW tImS-Xn-Iƒ°v ]pdta CØcw Pph-ss\¬ PÃnkv t_m¿Up-Iƒ F√m

Pn√-bnepw ÿm]n-t°≠ Npa-Xe SLSA Iƒ°m-Wv. CXv \S-∏n-em-°p-hm≥

SLSA kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-I-fp-ambn Cu hnjbw ASn-b-¥nc- ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ FSp-t°-≠XmWv.

b) JJ BIvSns‚ sk£≥ 29 {]Imcw kwÿm\ k¿°m-cn\p inip-t£a

IΩn-‰n-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ A\p-hm-Z-ap-≠v. Cu IΩ-‰n-bn¬ kwÿm\

k¿°m¿ \nb-an® Hcp sNb¿t]-gvk-\pw, Hcp kv{Xo Dƒs∏sS \mep AwK-

ßfpw D≠m--bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CØcw inip t£a IΩ-‰n-Iƒ F√m Pn√-

bnepw ÿm]n-t°≠ Npa-Xe SLSA °mWv. CXv \S-∏n-em-°mØn-SØv

SLSA kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-ambn Cu hnjbw ASn-b-¥nc ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

Gs‰-SpØv \S-∏n¬ hcp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

c) JJ BIv‰v {]Imcw \nb-aew-L\w \S-Øp∂ Pph-ss\-ep-Isf ssIImcyw

sNøp-hm≥ kvs]jy¬ Pph-ss\¬ t]meokv bqWn‰v cq]o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-

Wv. F√m t]meokv tÃj-\p-I-fnepw Pph-ss\-ep-Isf ssIImcyw sNøp-

45

hm≥ {]tXyI \n¿t±-ihpw ]cn-io-e-\hpw t\Snb Hcp t]meokv Hmô-

ksd F-¶nepw Pph-ss\¬/inip t£a Hmô-k-dmbn \nb-an-®n-cn-°-Ww.

d) \nbp‡ Pph-ss\¬ t£a Hmô-k¿am-cp-amcp-ambpw SJPU AwK-ß-fp-

ambpw _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ ASßp∂ ]ńI Xøm-dm°n

F√m t]meokv tÃj-\nepw {]Z¿in-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

e) JJ BIvSns‚ hIp∏v 62 F {]Imcw F√m kwÿm\ k¿°mcpw kwÿm-

\-Øn\pw Hmtcm Pn√-°p-ambn inip kwc-£W bqWn‰v ÿm]n-t°-≠-Xm-

Wv. CXv IqSmsX F√m Pn√-I-fnepw ]cn-N-c-Whpw kwc-£-Whpw Bh-iy-

ap≈ Ipń-I-fpsS Imcy-ß-fn¬ ap≥ssI FSp-°p-Ibpw thWw. SLSA Iƒ

F√m Pn√-I-fnepw Hmtcm inip-kw-c-£W bqWn‰v ÿm]n-®p F∂p-d-∏p-h-

cp-tØ-≠-XmWv.

f) inip Ah-Imi kwc-£W IΩo-j≥ BIvSv 2005s‚ sk£≥ 17 {]Imcw

Hmtcm kwÿm-\hpw Hcp kwÿm\ IΩo-j≥ cq]o-I-cn-°m≥ _m[y-ÿ-

cm-Wv. ta¬]-d™ IΩo-j≥ cq]o-I-cn-t°≠ Npa-X-ebpw AXns‚ e-

{]-Z-amb {]h¿Ø\w t\m°n-\-S-tØ-≠Xpw SLSA BWv. (A-\m-Ym-e-b-ß-

fn¬ Ip™p-ß-fpsS NqjWw ˛ State of Tamil Nadu v. Union of India

(2014) 2 SCC 180)

g) ssiih hnhml \ntcm-[\ BIvSv 2006˛s‚ sk£≥ 16 {]Imcw kwÿm\

k¿°m-cn\p ssiih hnhmlw XS-bm\pw AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-

ßƒ ssIImcyw sNøp-hm-\p-ambn ssiih hnhml \ntcm-[\ Hmô-

k¿amsc \nb-an-°m-\p≈ A-[n-Im-cap≠v. kwÿm-\sØ F√m Pn√-I-fnepw

ssiih hnhml \ntcm-[\ Hmô-k¿amsc \nb-an-°p-hm≥ SLSA Iƒ

ap≥ssI FSp-t°-≠-XmWv.

10.2 \nco-£W h\hpw A -b - -h\hpw

a) \nbaew-L\w \S-Øp∂ Pph-ss\-ep-Isf Hcp tlman¬ kq£n-°p-∂-Xm-

Wv. Chsc Pbn-ep-I-fntem tem°-∏ntem hbv°m≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√. c≠p Xc-

Øn-ep≈ Pphss\¬ tlmap-I-fmWv D≈-Xv. H_vk¿th-j≥ tlmapw

sj¬‰¿ tlmapw. Pph-ss\en\v FXnsc t_m¿Uns‚ At\z-jWw \S∂p

sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Ime-ß-fn¬ Ahsc \nco-£W `h-\-Øn-emWv kq£n-

°p∂Xv. ta¬ ]d™ H_vk¿th-j≥ tlmw F√m Pn√-bnepw kYm-]n-

t°-≠Xpw \StØ-≠-Xp-amb Npa-Xe kwÿm\ k¿°mcn-s‚-Xm-Wv. (JJ

BIv‰v sk£≥ 9 r/w dqƒ 16(1)).

b) AXp-t]mse Xs∂ At\z-j-W-Øn¬ Ip‰w sNbvX-Xmbn Is≠-Øn-sb-

¶n¬ BÏp- n-I-sfbpw s]Ïp- n-I-sfbpw {]tXy-I-ambn kq£n-°p-∂-

46

Xn-\mbn F√m Pn√-bnepw kvs]jy¬ tlmap-Iƒ k÷-am-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

(JJ BIv‰v sk£≥ 9 r/w dqƒ 16(1))

c) JJ BIv‰ns‚ sk£≥ 34 {]Im-cw, Ipń-Iƒs°Xnsc At\z-jWw \S-°p-

∂ Ime-b-f-hn¬ \¬tI≠ kwc-£-Whpw ]cn-N-c-Whpw AXn\p

tijhpw th≠n-h-cp∂ kwc-£-W-Øn\pw NnIn-’bv°pw ]T-\-Øn\pw

]cn-io-e-\-Øn\pw hnI-k-\--Øn\pw ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn\pw th≠n F√m

Pn√-bnepw Nn¬{U≥kv tlmap-Iƒ, H∂p-In¬ X\nt®m As√¶n¬ a‰p

k∂-≤ -kw-L-S--\-I-fpsS kl-I-c-W-tØmsS IqSn-tbm, ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw

\ne-\n¿Øp-hm-\p-ap≈ A[n-Imcw kwÿm\ k¿°m-cn-\p-≠v.

d) ]cn-N-c-Whpw kwc-£-Whpw Bh-iy-ap≈ Ipń-Iƒ°mbpw \nba-ew-L\w

\S-Øp∂ Ipń-Iƒ°mbpw kwÿm\ k¿°m¿ kzbw \S-Øp-∂tXm

k∂≤ kwL-S-\-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂-tXm Bb Nn¬{U≥kv tlmap-IfpsSbpw

sj¬‰¿ tlmap-IfpsSbpw \nco-£W tlmap-I-fp-tSbpw FÆw Dƒs°m-

≈p∂ ]pXp-°nb tcJ-Iƒ SLSA kq£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

e) JJ BIv‰ns‚ sk£≥ 34 r/w dqƒ 71 {]Im-c-ap≈ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ A\p-k-

cn®v ]cn-N-c-Whpw kwc-£-Whpw Bh-iy-ap≈ Ipń-Iƒ°mbn cq]o-I-

cn® tlmap-Itfm ÿm]-\-ßtfm cPn-Ã¿ sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

f) cPn-Ã¿ sNømØ ÿm]-\-ßƒ AS-®p-]q- p-Itbm kwÿm\ k¿°m¿

G-s‰-Sp-°p-Itbm sNø-Ww. (A\m-Ym-e-b-ß-fnse Ip™pß-fpsS Nq-jWw

˛ State of Tamil Nadu v. Union of India (2014) 2 SCC 180) CXv \S-∏n-em-

°p-hm-\mbn SLSA Iƒ kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-®v Cu hnj-

b-Øn¬ ap≥ssI FSp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

g) ]cn-N-c-Whpw kwc-£-Whpw Bh-iy-ap≈ Ipń-Iƒ°v th≠nbpw \nb-a-

ew-L\w \S-Øp∂ Ipń-Iƒ°v th≠nbpw cPn-Ã¿ sNbvX sj¬´¿ tlmap-

Ifpw, \nco-£W tlmap-Ifpw inip ]cn-]m-e\ tlmap-Ifpw aXn-bmb

FÆ-Øn¬ Ds≠∂p Dd-∏m-t°≠ Npa-Xe SLSA °mWv.

h) Hmtcm Pn√-bnepw Pn√m sk{I- dn sNb¿t]-gvk-\pw Hcp ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-

I\pw s{]mt_-j≥ Hmô-kdpw AwK-ß-fmbn Dƒs]-ń-´p≈ Hcp

H_vk¿th-j≥ Nn¬{U≥kv tlmw IΩn‰n SLSA cq]o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

ta¬]-d™ IΩn‰n amk-Øn¬ Hcn-°¬ F¶nepw AXmXv Pn√-bn-ep≈

tlmap-Iƒ kμ¿in-°p-hm-\m-bn- p≈ Hcp Ie-≠¿ D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

i) ta¬]-d™ IΩn‰n \nco-£W tlmap-Iƒ kvs]jy¬ tlmapIƒ

Nn¬{U≥kv tlmap-I-ƒ F∂n-h-bp-sS kz`mhw, inip kulr-Z-am-b-Xm-

sW∂pw Hcp Pbn¬ t]mse A√ F∂pw \√ \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep≈ ]cn-c-

47

£bpw kuI-cy-ßfpw e`n-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw Dd-∏m-t°-≠Xm-Wv. Cu tlmap-

Iƒ°v ipNo-I-c-Whpw ipNn-Xz-hpw, hkv{Xhpw itøm-]-I-c-W-ß-fpw, £-

Whpw Blm-c-{I-a-hpw, sshZy ]cn-N-c-Whpw am\-knI Btcm-Ky-]-cn-c-

£-bpw, {]mY-anI BtcmKy tI{μ-hp-ambn IqSn-tN¿∂v {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-

\p≈ kuIcy-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn¬ Fs¥--¶nepw Ipdhv

Is≠-Øn-bm¬ SLSA AXv A[n-Im-cn-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´v icn-bm-t°-

≠XmWv.

10.3 \nba tkh\ ¢n\n°pIƒ

a) F√m Pn√-bn-tebpw Pph-ss\¬ PÃnkv t_m¿Up-I-fnepw inip t£a

IΩn-‰n-I-fnepw SLSA \nba tkh\ ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ ÿm]n-t°-≠Xm-Wv.

b) ¢n\n-°p-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sm--\p≈ {]k-‡- \º-dp-Ifpw hnem-k-ßfpw

F√m k¿°m¿ Hmôkp-I-fnepw t]meok,v NGOs F∂o hIp-∏p-I-fnepw

Adn-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

c) ¢n\n-°p-I-fn¬ ]mcm eoK¬ thmf-≠n-b¿amsc \ntbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

d) _‘-s∏-Sm-\p≈ \º-dp -Ifpw a‰p hnh-c-ßfpw F√m kwÿm

\˛Pn√˛Xmeq°v Hmô-kp-I-fnepw SLSA Iƒ {]Z¿in-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

e) \nba tkh\ ¢n\n-°p-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\w, ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-ßƒ,

sdt°m¿Uv ]cn-]m-e\w, ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I-cpsS kμ¿i-\w, \nb-{¥Ww

apX-emb Imcy-ßƒ ta¬t\m´w hln-°p-∂Xv tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-

dn‰n (\n-ba tkh\ ¢n\n-Ivkv) sdKp-te-j≥ 2011 {]Im-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.

f) F√m DLSAsDw AXns‚ \nb-{¥-W-Øn¬ Pn√-bn-ep≈ hnZym-e-b-ß-fn¬

{]n≥kn-∏-epambn IqSn tN¿∂v Hcp \nba km£-cX ¢∫v ÿm]n-t°-≠-

XmWv.

10.4 \nb-a-]-c-amb {]mXn-\n[yw

\nb-a-]-c-amb hyh-ÿ-Iƒ :

(a) sk£≥ 12(1) {]Imcw, tIkv ^b¬ sNøm\pw {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m\pw

GsXmcp Ipń°pw kuP\y \nba tkh-\w e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

(b) kwÿm\ \nba tkh\ AtXm-dnń hgntbm a‰p AwKo-IrX thmf-≠dn

\nba tkh\ kwL-S-\Iƒ hgntbm k¿h-I-em-ime \nba tkh\ ¢n\n-

°p-Iƒ hgntbm kuP\y \nba tkh\w F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw e`n-°p-∂Xv

Dd-∏m-t°≠ Npa-Xe t_m¿Un-t‚-XmWv. JJ dqƒkv 3.1 (d) (iii) r/w 14(2)]

(c) Pn√ inip kwc-£W bqWn-‰ns‚bpw kwÿm\ \nba tkh\ AtXm-

48

dnńbp-sSbpw \nba DtZym-K-ÿ¿ F√m Ipń-Iƒ°pw kuP\y \nba tkh-

\-ßƒ hnkvXr-X-amt°≠-Xm-Wv. (dqƒ 14 (3)]

(d) Ipń-bpsS IpSpw-_-Ønt\m c£I¿Øm-hnt\m kmº-Øn-I-ambn Ign-hn-

s√-¶n¬, \nba tkh\ AtXm-dnń Hcp A`n- m-j-Is\ \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

[sk£≥ 40, protection of children from sexual offences act, 2005]

SLSA bpsS ]¶v

1 (a) \nb-a-]-c-amb Bh-iy-ßƒ \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn-\mbv {]tXy-I-]-cn-io-e\w kn≤n-

®Xpw Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Imi kwc-£-W-Øn¬ Xev]-c-cp-amb A`n- m-j-IcpsS

Hcp {]tXyI ]m\¬ SLSA cq]o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw Cu A`n- m-j-I¿ Ipń-Isf

JJB, CWC apX-em-b-h-bpsS apºn¬ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw CXp-hgn Ipń°v

Bh-iy-amb ê-{]-Z-amb \nb-a-]-cn-]-c£bpw tkh-\ßfpw e`y-am-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-I.

b) Ipń-Iƒ°m-bp≈ \nba tkh-\-ßƒ Db¿∂ \ne-hm-c-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂v Dd-

∏m-t°≠ Npa-Xe SLSAs Iƒ°m-Wv. CXn-\mbn JJB epw CWC epw tbmKy-

X-bp-≈Xpw kwc-£-W-Øn¬ X¬]-ccpw, A¿∏-W-a-t\m- m-h-ap≈ A`n- m-

j-I-cpsS ]m\¬ thWw.

c) SLSA, A`n- m-j-I-cpsS ]m\-ens‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ta¬t\m´w hln-

°p-Ibpw \nco-£n-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. CXv IqSm-sX an∂¬ ]cn-tim-[\

\S-Øp-hm-\p≈ k{º-Zm-bhpw thWw.

d) ]m\¬ A`n-`m-j-Is\ \ntbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂nSØv JJB / CWC s‚-

tasem∏p≈ {]hrØn dnt∏m¿ńs‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw AXmXp

A`n- m-j-Is‚ {]Xn- -ew.

e) Hmtcm Ipń°pw \nb-a-]-c-am-bn-bp≈ {]mXn-\n-[yhpw kuP\y \nb-a-k-

lm-bhpw \¬Ip∂-Xn\v JJB bnepw CWC bnepw ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p∂ \nba

¢n\n°pw \nba tkh-Icpw ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-Icpw XΩnep≈ ê-{]-Z-

amb GtIm-]\w Dd-∏m-t°≠ NpaXe SLSA \mWv.

10.5 ]cn-io-e\w & Hmdn-b-t‚-j≥ ]cn-]mSn

a) F√m t]meokv tÃj-\nepw \ntbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ipń-Iƒ°m-bn´p≈tXm

Bb t£a {]h¿ØIscbpw, kvs]jy¬ Pph-ss\¬ t]meokv bqWn‰v

AwK-ß-sfbpw, ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-hm-\mbn NALSA \¬Inb am¿§-tc-J-

Isf√mw SLSA I¿i-\-ambpw ]men-t°-≠XmWv. CXv IqSmsX Pph-ss\¬

PÃokv ÿm]-\-ß-fnse \nba tkh-\-ß-fpsS mK-ambn kp{]ow tImSXn

Sampurna Behrua v. Union of India (in Writ Petition (C) No. 473 / 2005)

49

se DØ-c-hpw Hm¿Udpw ]men-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

b) kvs]jy¬ Pph-ss\¬ t]meokv bqWn-‰n-t‚bpw / Ipń-I-fp-sS t£a

{]h¿Ø-I-cp-tSbpw ]¶p-Ifpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßfpw I¿Øy-hy-ßfpw

Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Ãm‚nwKv Hm¿U¿ ]pd-s∏Sp-hn-°¬ Dd-∏m-°p-hm-\mbn F√m

kwÿm\ \nba tkh\ AtXm-dnńbpw AXmXv t]meokv tÃj≥ Xe-h-

\p-ambn GtIm]n∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. AØcw Ãm≥Unßv Hm¿Udpw J.J.

BIvSpw, J.J. dqƒkpw, a‰p {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb dqfp-Ifpw _lp-am-\-s∏´

kp{]ow tIm-S-Xn-bnse Sheela Barse v. Union of India F∂ tImSXn hn[nsb

ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww. IqSmsX Xs∂ Cu DØ-c-hp-Iƒ {]mtZ-

inI mj-bn-te°v X¿÷a sNbvXn- p-≠v F∂pw F√m t]meokv tÃj-\p-

I-fnepw e`y-amWv F∂pw kwÿm\ \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ Dd∏p

hcp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

c) CXv \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-\m-bn, Ipń-I-fpsS tkh-\-Øn\p th≠n eoK¬

k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰n-I-fpsS Bi-b-ßfpw {]_-e-Xbpw ê-{]-Z-ambn

Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-Øn-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn-\mbn \nba tkh\ ZmXm-

°-fmb A`n- m-j-I¿, ]mcm eoK¬ thmf-≠n-tb-gvkv, t]meokv Hmô-k¿

As√-¶n¬ PpUojy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿ F∂n-h¿°v Fßs\ Ipń-I-fp-ambn

Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-Øn-te¿s∏Smw F∂-Xns\ Ipdn-®p≈ e-{]-Z-amb ]cn-io-

e\w \¬tI-≠-XmWv.

d) Ipń-I-fpsS \nb-a-tk-h-\-Zm-Xm-°-fm-b, PpUo-jy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿, ]m\¬

A`n- m-j-I¿, t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿ¿, Pph-ss\¬ Pkv‰nkv t_m¿Up-Iƒ,

ssN¬Uv sh¬s -b¿ IΩ-‰n-Iƒ F∂n-h¿ Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ßsf

Ipdn-®p≈ {]k-‡-amb taJ-e-I-fn¬ \nb-a-]-c-amb ]cn-io-e\w t\Sn-b-h-

tcm, A√m-Ø-htcm BsW-¶nepw Ipń-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-ambn _‘-

s∏´ hnj-b-Øn¬ XpS¿ ]cn-io-e\w t\tS-≠-Xm-Wv.

e) {]apJ \nbaßfpsS Bi-b-ßfptSbpw D]-bp-‡-amb \nb-a-ß-fptSbpw

imk-\-ßfptSbpw hyh-ÿ-IfptSbpw ]cn-io-e-\hpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂

hmZ-ssh-ZKv[y ]cn-io-e-\-ßfpw {]iv\-m[njvTn-Xhpw {]Xn-{]-h¿Ø-\-]-c-

hp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

f) Ipń-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ \nb-a-ß-fn¬, `c-W-L-S\m hIp-∏p-Iƒ, \nba

\n¿Ωm-W-ßƒ, ]≤-Xn-Iƒ, dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ, A¥¿t±-iob ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ,

N -ßƒ apX-em-bh Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Adn-hp-Iƒ, Fßs\

A¿∞-h-Ømbn Ipń-I-fn¬°pth≠n Xmsg Xń¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿°p

ssIam-dpI F∂p-f-fXpw sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Ipń-I-fpsS {]iv\-

ßƒ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn- p≈ F√m kp{]-[m-\-amb Adn-hp-I-f-S-ßnb

50

]cn-io-e\ kma-{Kn-Iƒ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

10.6 \n-b-a-]-camb t_m-[-h-Xv-°-cWw

a. Ip- n-I-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-ß-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- ]≤Xn-I-fp-sS hn-i-Zmw-i-ßƒ

A-S-ßp-∂ e-Lp-{K-Ÿw F√m SLSAIfpw {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. Cu

e-Lp-{K-Ÿ-Øn-s‚ ]-I¿-∏p-Iƒ F√m {^≠v Hm- o-kp-I-fnepw \n-b-a tk-h-

\ ¢n-\n-°p-I-fnepw JJB/CWCs epw t]m-eo-kv kv-t‰-j-\p-I-f-nepw e- y-am-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

b. ta¬-]-d-™ hn-i-Zmw-i-ß-fp-sS hn-h-c-ßƒ Zq-c-Z¿-i-\nepw Hmƒ C-¥y tdUn-

tbm-bnepw I-Ωyq-Wn-‰n tdUn-tbm-bnepw {]-N-cn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

c. F√m SLSAIfpw hn-Zym- ymk ÿm-]-\-Øn-s‚bpw, kwÿm-\ _m-e A-

hIm-i kwc-£-W I-Ωo-j-s‚bpw, NGOs s‚bpw, k-l--h¿-Øn-XzØneq-sS

Ip- n-I-fp-sS Ah-Im-i-ßsfIp-dn®v s]mXp-t_m-[-h-Xv-°c-Ww \-S-Ø-Ww.

d. D-]-\ym-k a-’-cßƒ/ sX-cp-hp \m-S-I a-’-c-ßƒ / t]m-kv-‰¿ \n¿am-W a-

’-c-ßƒ / s]-bn‚nw-Kv a-’-c-ßƒ, N¿®Iƒ, F∂nh-bm-Wv a-‰p t_m-[-h-

Xv°-c-W am¿-K-ßƒ.

e. in-ip-°ƒ-°v D-Nn-X-am-b k-tμ-i-ßƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-®v -e-{]-Zam-sbm-cp {]-Nmc-

Ww \-S-Øp-hm≥ PLV-amtcmSv B-h-iy-s∏Smhp-∂-Xm-Wv.

f. \n-b-a k-lm-bw e- n-°p-hm-\p-≈ A-h-Im-iw, Ip- n-Isf A-dn-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p

]pdta, \n-b-a hyhÿn-Xn-°v ]n¥p-W \¬-Ip-hm\pw \n-b-a tkh-\w \¬-

Ip-∂-h-cp-am-bn ^-e-{]-Zam-sbm-cp _-‘w ]p-e¿-Øp-hm\pw I-Ωyq-Wn-‰n-

Iƒ°pw s]m-Xp kz-Im-cy G-P≥-kn-Iƒ-°pw t_m-[-h-Xv-°c-Ww \-S-tØ≠-

Xv \n¿-_-‘-am-Wv.

g. \n-b-a tkh-\w B-h-iy-ap-≈ A-[n-Iw Ip- n-Ifpw hnZq-c {Kmao-W {]-tZ-i-

ß-fn-em-Wv Xm-a-kn-°p-∂Xv. C-Xn-\m¬ in-ip-°ƒ-°v A-h¿ Xm-a-kn-°p-∂

C-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \n-b-a tk-h-\-ßƒ t\-Sp-hm≥ {]bmkamWv. C-Xv a-dn-

°-S-°p-h-\m-bn \n-b-a-tk-h-\-ßƒ Hscm‰ÿ-eØv X-s∂ \¬-Ip-hm≥ sam-

ss_¬ ¢n-\n-°p-Ifpw H-cp tÃm-∏v sk‚¿ ]-cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw t]m-se-bp-≈ kw-

cw- ßƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ SLSA ap≥ssI F-Sp-Øp \-S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

h. {]mcw- A- n-ap-J-ßfpw A-t\z-j-W-ßfpw \-S-Øp-hm\pw D-]-tZ-iw \¬-Ip-

hm\pw in-ip-°fpsSbpw A-h-cp-sS Ip-Spw-_-ßfpsSbpw X-Ωn¬ H-cp IÆn

B-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°phm\pw DLSAIƒ°pw t]m-eo-kv kv-t‰-j-\n¬ \n-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ PLV bp-sS tk-h-\-ßƒ D]-tbmKn°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

i. in-ip-°ƒ-°v A-h-cp-sS A-h-Im-i-ßƒ A-dn-bp-hm≥ SLSA °v kwÿm-\

51

k¿-°m-cp-am-bn CSs] v Ip- n-I-fp-sS A-h-I-mi-ßsf Ipdn®v hn-Zym-e-b-Øn¬

]Tn-°m-\p-≈ ]mTy{Ia-ß-fn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

j. Hmtcm SLSA bpw Ip- n-Iƒ-°v A-Sn-b-¥-c-am-bn \-„-]-cn-lm-cw e- n-°p-hm≥

CrPC bn¬ ]p-Xp-Xm-bn tN¿-Ø sk-£≥ 357A , kv-t‰-‰v hnŒnw tIm-º≥-tk-

j≥ kvIow ChbpsS t_m-[-h-Xv-°c-Ww \SØWw. C-Xph-gn Ip- n-Iƒ-°v

F-fp-∏-Øn¬ \jvS ]-cn-lm-cw e- y-am-°p-I-bpw th-Ww.

k. Hmtcm SLSAbpw \n-b-a tk-h-\-ß-fp-sS U-b-dŒ-dn hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw A-

Xv F√m {]-[m-\amb Npa-X-e-s∏ -h¿°pw e- y-am-°p-Ibpw thWw.

l. Hmtcm SLSAbpw Ip- n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym- ym-k-Øn-\p-≈ A-h-Im-ihpw Ip- nI-

sf kvIqfn¬ hn-Sp-hm-\p-≈ am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-fp-sS au-en-Iam-b I¿-Ø-hyhpw

kº-‘n®v i‡-amb t_m-[-h-Xv-°c-Ww F√m Pn√I-fnepw kw-L-Sn-∏n-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

m. Z-sØ-Sp°¬, kv-t]m -k¿-jn∏v, t^m-kv-‰¿ sIb¿, t]m-se-bp≈ t\m¨

˛C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq-j-W¬ tk-h-\-ß-fp-sS t_m-[-h-Xv-°-c-Whpw B-h-iy-am-Wv.

n. kwc-£-Whpw ]cn-N-c-Whpw Bh-iy-ap≈ Ip´n-IfpsS kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn

{]h¿Øn-°p∂ tbmKy-X-bp≈ NGO Iƒ°v HutZym-KnI AwKo-Imcw e`n-

°p-∂-Xn-\mbn SLSA °v {ian°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv.

o. km-aqln-I kam-l-c-Ww, kmaq-lnI \nb-a-ß-fpsS ImgvN∏mSp-I-fn¬

am‰whcp-Øp∂Xn\m-bp≈ Hu vdo®v ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ, {Kmao-W¿, a‰p P\ hn`m-

K-ßƒ F∂n-hsc ssii-h-hnhm-l-Øns‚ tZmj-h-ißsf kw_-‘n®v

t_m[-h¬°-cn-°pI ({][m-\-ambpw Ip´n-I-fpsS BtcmKyw, hy‡nXzw,

`mhn F∂n-hsb∏‰n) apX-em-b-h-sb Ipdn®p≈ t_m[-h¬°cW ]cn-]m-

Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

p. s] -Ip- n-Isf \n¿-_-‘-ambn Cfw {]mb-Øn¬ hn-hm-lw I-gn-∏n-°p∂-Xv

H-gn-hm-°m≥ PLVs hgn D-b¿-∂ km-aqln-I C-S-s]S-ep-Iƒ D-≠m-h-Ww.

q. _me-th-e-bp-sS {]-iv-\w ]-cn-l-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn PLVamcp-sS k-lm-b-tØm-Sp-

Iq-Sn {Km-a-ß-fn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-®v Ip-Spw-_ß-sf hn-Zym- ym-k-Øn-eqsS-bp≈

Zo¿-LIm-e t\- ß-sf Ip-dn-®v A-dn-bn-®v _m-ethe A-kzo-Im-cy-am-b-Xm-

sW∂pw Ahsc t_m-[-h-Xv-I-cn-°-Ww.

r. 14 hb-kv Xm-sg-bp-≈ _m-e-th-e-s°-Xn-sc -e-{]-Zam-b \n-tcm[-\w sIm-

≠p-hcm-\pw, Ip- n-°S-Øp aq-ew D-≠m-Ip-∂ {]-iv-\-ßƒ -e-{]-Z-am-bn A-

`nkw-t_m-[-\ sN-øm\pw t_m-[-h-Xv°-c-W ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ D-≠m-h-Ww.

s. Hm-tcm SLSA bpw kwÿm-\ k¿-°m-cn-s‚ Iq-sS {]-h¿-Øn-®v \n-e-hn-ep-≈

52

N- -°q-Sv i-‡n-s∏-SpØ-Ww. A-Xn-\m¬ B-dv sXm- v 14 hb-kv h-sc-bp-≈ Ip-

´n-Iƒ°v ku-P-\y-am-bn- p-≈Xpw Xpey\n-e-hm-c-ap-≈-Xpam-b hn-Zym- ym-kw

e- n-°p-sa-∂ hmKv-Zm-\w \-S-∏n-em-°p-hm≥ km-[n-°pw.

t. _m-e-th-e-°p-th-≠n-bp-≈ I-SØpw Zm-cn{Zy-hpw, Iq-Sp∂-Xv Zp-c-¥-ßfpw {]Ir-

Xn t£m- -ßfpw Imc-WamWv. B-b-Xn-\m¬ NALSA kv-Io-ans‚ (\n-b-a

tkh\ A-tXm-dn-‰n h-gn Zp-c-¥ C-c-Iƒ-°m-bn \n-b-a tk-h-\-ßƒ D-d-∏m-°p-

∂ kv-Iow) Io-gn¬ cq-]o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ tIm¿ {Kq∏v Cu Ip- n-I-fp-sS A-h-

Im-i-ß-fp-sSbpw t£-a-Øn-s‚bpw kw-c£-Ww D-d-∏m-°p-hm-\m-bn- p-≈ F√m

\-S-]-Sn-Ifpw F-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

u. _m-e-th-e-bp-sS {]-iv-\w hy-hÿm-]n-X-am-bn D-∑qe-\w sN-øp-hm≥ SLSA H-

cp I¿Ω ]≤Xn X-bm-dm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

v. _m-eth-e F-∂ `o-j-Wn-sb D-∑q-e-\w sN-øp-hm\pw -c-W-L-S-\-bv-°-\p-

kr-X-ambn {]m-_-ey-Øn-em-°p-hm\pw kp-{]ow tImS-Xn Ip-sd-tb-sd \n¿-_-

‘am-b \n¿-tZ-ißƒ M.C Mehta V. State of Tamil Nadu (1996) 6 SCC 756)

¬ \¬-In-bn-cp∂p. C-Xn¬ a-p-Jy-am-bn- p-≈ H-∂m-bn-cp-∂p 14 h-b-kn-\p Xm-

sg-bp-≈ Ip- nI-sf A-]-I-S-ap-≈ {]-h¿-ØnIƒ, _m-e-th-e (\n-tcm-[-\hpw

\n-b-{¥-Whpw),B-Œv 1986 \v hn-cp-≤-am-bn tPmen sN-øn-∏n-® sXm-gn-ep-S-a

20000 cq-] \-„-]-cn-lm-c-am-bn A-S-bv-°Ww F∂ hn[n. A-Xm-Xv k¿-°m-cpw

5000 cq-] ho-Xw A-]-I-S-ap-≈ {]-h¿-Øn-Iƒ sN-øp-∂ Hmtcm Ip- n°pw \n-

t£-]-am-bn kw- m-h-\ sN-tø-≠-XmsW∂v hn[n-bn¬ \n¿t±-in®p-. ta¬-]-

d™ 25,000 cq-] _meth-e ]p-\-c-[n-hm-k t£-a -≠n¬ \n-t£-]n-t°-

≠-Xpw Cu ≠n¬ \n-∂p-≈ h-cp-am-\w tam-Nn-∏n-® Ip- n-bp-sS ]p-\-c-[n-hm-

k-Øn-\p th-≠n D-]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xpam-Wv.

F√m SLSAbpw t]m-eo-kp-ambpw sXm-gn-em-fn h-Ip-∏p-ambpw a-‰p A-tXm-dn-‰n-

bp-ambpw G-Io-I-cn-®v ta¬-∏-d-™ am¿-K-\n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ \-S-∏n-em-t°-≠-Xm-

Wv.

11. hnh-cW hkvXp-X-Iƒ

\n-ba t_m-[-h-Xv-°-c-W-Øn-\mbpw \n-b-a tk-h-\-Øn-\mbpw F√m SLSAs

bpw Hcp hnh-cW hkvXp-X-Iƒ \n-e-\n¿-tØ-≠-XmWv. A-Xn¬ in-ip t£-

a-Øn\pw kw-c-£-W-Øn-\pw \n-e-hn-ep-≈ F√m tI-{μ-kwÿm-\ ]≤Xn-

Ifpw \-b-ßfpw \n-b-{¥-W-ßfpw t]m-eo-kv U-b-d-Œo-hp-Ifpw I -h≥-j-

\p-Ifpw N- -ßfpw {]-Jym-]-\-ßfpw A- n-{]m-b-ßfpw dn-t∏m¿- p-Ifpw Dƒ-

s∏-SpØ-Ww.

53

am\-kn-I-tcm-Khpw am\-knI sshI-ey-hp-apÅ

hyànIÄ¡m-bpÅ NALSAbpsS \nbatkh\

]²-Xn, 2015.

54

55

am\-kn-I-tcm-Khpw am\-knI sshI-ey-hp-ap≈ hy‡nIƒ

°m-bp≈ NALSAbpsS \nba tkh-\ ]≤-Xn, 2015.

]›m-Øew

am\-knI tcmK-ßfp≈hcpw _p≤n-amμyw t]mep≈ sshI-ey-ß-fp-ap-

≈-hcpw km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS {i≤-bn¬s]-Sm-dn-√. Ah¿ ]m¿iz-

h¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw kaq-l-Øn-s‚bpw A[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sSbpw {]tXyI ]cn-c£

Bh-iy-ap-≈-h-sc∂ \ne-bn-en-te°v Xcw-Xm-gvØ-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNøs∏Sp-∂p. 2008

¬ sshI-ey-ap-≈- hy‡n-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ßsf kw_-‘n-®p≈ I¨sh≥j-

\n¬ C¥y ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ibpw {]kvXpX DS-º-Sn H∏nSp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p≠v. AXn-

\m¬Øs∂ CØcw hy‡n-Iƒ°pw (am-\-knItcmKn-Ifpw at\m-ssh-I-ey-ap-

≈-h-cp-apƒs∏-sS) km[m-cW a\p-jy¿°p-≈-t]mse a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßfpw ASn-

ÿm\ kzmX-¥yhpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ≠ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw \ΩpsS \nba-hy-h-ÿ-

bv°p-≠v. IqSmsX Xpey- \n-b-a- ]-cn-KW\bpw Xpey-\o-Xnbpw Dd∏p hcp-Øp-

Ibpw ê-{]-Z-amb coXn-bn¬ \oXn\ymb-hy-h-ÿsb kao-]n-°m-\p≈ Ah-

kcw km[m-cW hy‡n-I-sf-t∏mse Xs∂ Ch¿°pw e`y-am-t°≠Xp-s≠∂pw

Cu I¨sh≥j≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p.

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn‰n BIvSv 1987, 12- mw hIp-∏v {]Imcw sshI-

ey-ap≈ hy‡n-I-sf-∂m¬ sshI-ey-ap≈hcpsS (Xp-eym-h-kc Ah-Imi kwc-

£W Xpey ]¶m-fn-Ø) \nb-aw, 1995 se 2(i) hIp∏v {]Imcw hnh-cn-®n-cn-

°p∂htcm am\-kn-Im-tcmKy \nb-aw, 1987˛se 2(q) hIp∏v {]Imcw hnh-cn-®n-cn-

°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ am\-kn-Im-tcmKy tI{μ-ß-fntem AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´

t\gvknwKv tlmap-I-fn¬ Ign-bp-∂-htcm BImw. CØcw Bfp-Iƒ ê-{]Z-

amb \nba klm-b-Øn\p A¿l-cm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv 2010˛¬ eoK¬

k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn‰n BIvSv, 1987˛se 4(b) hIp∏v {]Imcw CØcw Bfp-

Iƒ°mbn NALSA Hcp ]≤Xn Bhn-jv°-cn-®-Xv.

2010- ¬ Bcw- n-s®¶nepw kwÿm\ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn-‰n-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw e`n® dnt∏m¿ v {]Imcw

Cu ]≤-Xn°v Hcp ]p\:-]-cn-tim-[\ Bh-iy-ambn hcn-Ibpw CØcw Bfp-I-fn-

te°v Cu ]≤Xn ê-{]-Z-ambn FØn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX Db¿∂p hcn-

Ibpw sNbvXp. SLSAIfpw DLSA-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ap≥]n-se-Øp∂ hnj-b-ßƒ

am{Xta ]cn-K-Wn-®n-cp-∂q-≈q. tImS-Xnbp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]e -{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw

]q¿Øn-bm-ImsX \n¬°p∂p.

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv Hcp ]pXnb ]≤-Xn˛ am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h¿°pw

am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ap-≈-h¿°p-am-bp≈ \nb-a-k-lmb ]≤-Xn˛2015 NALSA ¬

AhX-cn-∏n-®-Xv.

56

e£y-ßƒ

am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h¿°pw am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Iƒ°pw Bh-iy-amb

\nba klmbw \¬Ip-tºmƒ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ (kw-ÿm\

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn-‰n, Pn√ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn-‰n, Xmeq°v

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn-‰n, sslt°m-SXn eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv IΩn-‰n-Iƒ,

kp{]ow-tIm-SXn eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv IΩn-‰n-Iƒ) {i≤n-t°≠ Imcy-ß-sf-∏-‰n-

bp≈ am¿§ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ Cu ]≤-Xn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. am\-knI sshI-

ey-ap-≈-hcpw am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Ifpw A]-am-\n-°-s∏-Sm-sXbpw \nbaw A\p-im-kn-

°p∂ Ah-Im-ißfpw klmbßfpw th≠n hcp∂ hy‡n-I-fmbn ]cn-K-Wn-

°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-XmWv Cu ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£yw.

]mc eoK¬ thmf≠nb¿am¿, eoK¬ k¿hokv ¢o\n-°p-Iƒ, {^≠v Hmô-

kv, ]m\¬ temtb¿kv, dos‰-bvs\¿ temtb¿kv F∂o ]Z-ßƒ 2010˛se \mj-

W¬ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn‰n ({ô B‚ v tImºo-s‰‚ v eoK¬ k¿ho-k-

kv) sdKp-te-j≥knepw 2011˛se \mj-W¬ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtXm-dn‰n (eo-

K¬ k¿ho-kkv ¢n\n-Ivkv) sdKp-te-j≥knepw IqSmsX ]mcm-eo-K¬

thmf≠nb¿am-cpsS {]th-i\w, ]T-\m-\-¥c ]cn-io-e\w XpS-ßn-b-h-°p≈

NALSA -bpsS ]≤-Xn-bnepw hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

`mKw 1

s]cp-am‰ kwlnX

am\-knI sshI-eytam am\-knI tcmKtam D≈ hy‡n-I-fp-am-bn- p≈

CS-s]-S-ep-Ifn¬ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ {i≤n-t°≠ Imcy-ßƒ:-

1) am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ßƒ kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-XmWv:--

icn-bmb ip{iq-j-Ifpw acp-∂p-Ifpw {i≤bpw hgn am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ß¬

t`Zs∏Smhp-∂-Xm-sW∂ hkvXpX eoK¬ k¿Δokkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ a\-

n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

2) am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eyhpw am\-kn-I-tcm-Khpw H∂√:-

am\-knIsshI-ey-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ hf¿®m-L- -Ønse Ipg-∏-ßƒ aqew

_p≤n-]-c-amb sshI-ey-ßƒ kw`-hn-®-h-cm-Wv. _p≤n-am-μyw, skdn-

{_¬]mƒ-kn, Hmńkw F∂nh NnIn-’n®p am‰m-\m-hmØ sshI-ey-ß-fm-

Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Ahsc 1995˛se sshI-ey-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°m-

bp≈ (Xp-eym-h-kc Xpey-]-¶m-fnØ Ah-Imi kwc-£-W) \nb-a-Ønse

(Persons with Disabilities (Eqaul Opportunities, Protection of Rights and

Full Participation) Act, 1995 (PWD BIvSv )2˛mwhIp∏v {]Imcw sshI-ey-

57

ap≈hcmbn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. CØcw Bfp-I-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\m-bp≈

c≠v \nb-a-ß-fmWv 1995˛se BIvSpw 1999˛se Hm´nkw , skdn-{_¬ ]mƒkn,

_p≤n-am-μyw, aƒ´n-∏nƒ Unsk-_n-en-‰okv F∂o tcmK-ß-fp≈ hy‡n-I-

fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ tZiob kan-Xn-Iƒ°m-bp≈ \nb-

ahpw (National Trust for the welfare of persons with Autism, cerebral

Palsy, Mental retardation and Multiple disabilities Act, 1995).

3) am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-hcpw am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Ifpw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-]-chpw

ASn-ÿm\ kzmX-{¥y-]-c-hp-amb F√m Ah-Im-i-ßƒ°pw A¿l-cmWv:˛

am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam D≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°v eoK¬ k¿Δo-

kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ \nb-a-k-lmbw \¬Ip-tºmƒ {]mY-anI ]cn-K-W\

Ah-cpsS a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ß-fpw ASn-ÿm\ kzmX-{¥y-ß-fpw Xp√y-ambpw

kºq¿Æ-ambpw e`n-°p∂p F∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-Ibpw kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw

sNøpI F∂-Xn-em-h-Ww.

4) am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam D≈hcpsS A¥- ns\ _lp-

am-\n-°Ww:˛

am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam D≈-h-cpsS A¥- n-s\bpw kzbw

]cym-]vX-X-sbbpw am\n-°p-Ibpw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNtø≠ Npa-Xe

eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ°p-≠v.

5) hnth-N\cln-X-amb s]cp-am‰w:-

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ am\-knI sshI-eytam am\-kn-I-tcm-

Ktam D≈ hy‡n-I-tfmSv bmsXmcp hnth-N-\hpw IqSmsX s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw

Ahsc IqSp-X¬ Icp-X-tem-sSbpw kuay-X-tbm-sSbpw ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xp-

am-Wv.

6) A\p-tbm-Py-amb Xma-k- ku-Icyw:-

am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h¿°pw am-\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Iƒ°pw- Ah¿°p-th≠n

\S-∏n-em-°p∂ ]≤-Xn-Ifpw t{]m{Km-ap-Ifpw tkh-\-ßfpw a‰p kuI-cy-

ßfpw km[m-cW hy‡n-I-sf-t∏mse D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ X°-hÆw A\p-

tbm-Py-amb Xma-k-ku-Icyßƒ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ Dd-∏p-

h-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

7) at\m-tcm-K-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°v NnIn’ e`n-°m-\p≈ Ah-Imiw:˛

C¥y≥ c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 21˛mw A\p-t—Z {]Imcw e`n-°p∂ NnIn-’°pw

icn-bmb BtcmKy ]cn-c-£-°p-w km[m-cW hy‡n-Iƒs°-∂-t]mse am\-

kn-I-ssh-I-eytam am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam Xp√ym-h-Im-i-ap-≠v. _m[-I-am-Wv.

58

A‘-hn-izm-kw, hcp-am-\-°p-d-hv, A]-am-\w, Adn-hn-√mbva apX-emb Imc-

W-ß-fm¬ am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Iƒ, ]e-t∏mgpw NnIn’ \ntj-[n-°-s∏ v ho´p

XS-¶en¬ Ign-bp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, 1987˛se am\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky-\nbaØns‚

Nm]v‰¿ 4˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ am\-kn-Im-tcmKy tI{μ-ß-fnepw

AXn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n-®p≈ t\gvknwKv tlmap-I-fnepw e`y-am-Ip∂ NnIn’

Ch¿°pw e`n-°m≥ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

8) tcmK-Nn-In’m hnh-c-ßƒ hy‡-am-°n-s°m-≠p≈ kΩXw:-

at\m-tcmK NnIn-’bv°v hnt[-b-cm-°-s∏-Sp∂ hy‡n-I-fpsS Adn-thmSpw

kΩ-X-tØmSpw IqSn-bmWv NnIn’ \S-Øp-∂-sX∂v eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv

ÿm]-\-ßƒ Dd∏p hcp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn-\p-km-[n-°mØ ]£w am\-

kn-Im-tcm-Ky-\n-baw˛1987˛se ]m¿ v II Nm]v‰¿ 5 {]Imcw _‘p-°-fp-sStbm

kplr-Øp-°-fp-sS-tbm, Ah-cpsS A`m-h-Øn¬ tImS-Xn-bpsStbm kΩ-X-

tØmSpIqSn am{Xta NnIn’ \S-Øm≥ ]mSp-≈q.

9) am\-knI sshI-ey-ap≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS Nqj-Whpw Ahsc Zpcp-]-tbmKw

sNøp-∂Xpw e-{]-Z-ambn XS-bpI:˛

am\-knI sshI-ey-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ, {]tXy-In®v kv{XoIƒ, NqjWw

sNø-s∏-Sm-\p≈ km[yX hf-sc-b-[n-I-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬Ø-s∂, ssewKnI

Nqj-W-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ F√m-Xcw Nqj-W-ßfpw XS-bm\pw Nqj-Isc \nb-

a-Øn-\p-ap≥]n¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-hm\pw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ

ap≥t]m- p-htc≠Xm-Wv.

10) am\-knI sshI-ey-ap-≈-h¿°pw am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ap-≈-h¿°pw Ah-cpsS

CØcw sshIeyw aqew e`y-amb hnh-c-ßsf e-{]-Z-amb coXn-bn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-°m≥ km[n-s®∂p hcn-√. \nb-a-km-£-c-XsIm≠pam{Xw CØcw

Bfp-Iƒ°v \oXn e`yX Dd-∏m-°m≥ km[y-a-√. AXn-\m¬Ø-s∂, Ch-

cpsS Iq´m-bXpw hy‡n-]-c-hp-amb Bh-iy-ßfpw Ign-hp-Ifpw eoK¬ k¿ho-

kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ \nb-a-]-c-amb coXn-bn¬ hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw th≠ coXn-

bn¬ \nb-a-k-lm-b-ßƒ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

`mKw 2

am\-kn-Im-tcm-KytI-{μ-ßfnepw Bip-]-{Xn-I-fnepw AXp-t]m-se-bp≈ a‰p

ÿm]-\-ß-fnepw Pbn-ep-I-fnepw a‰p-≈ am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ßfpw am\-kn-I-ssh-

I-ey-ß-fp-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°v e`y-am-Ip∂ \nb-a-k-lm-b-ßƒ.

am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ap-≈-h-scbpw am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h-scbpw ‘Ip‰-hm-fn-

I-f-√mØ am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Iƒ’ F∂ t]cn¬ Pbn-en¬ ]m¿∏n-°p∂ ]Xnhv ]≠p-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ kp{]ow-tIm-SXn 1989˛¬ joe _¿skbpw bqWn-b≥ Hm v

59

C¥ybpw XΩn-ep≈ tI nse hn[n-bn-eqsS CØcw {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \nb-a-hn-

cp-≤hpw `c-W-L-S\m hncp-≤-hp-ambXn\m¬ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-

®p. Cu hn[n-tbmsS FIvkn-Iyq- ohv aPn-kvt{S-‰ns‚ CØcw A[n-Imcw C√m-Xm-

hp-Ibpw AXv PpUo-jy¬ aPn-kvt{S‰n\p am{X-ambn Npcp-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cßs\ Pbn-en-te°v Ab-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≥]v Hcp s{]m -j-W¬ sskIym-{Sn-

Ãns‚ D]-tZiw PpUo-jy¬ aPn-kvt{S‰v tXtS-≠-Xm-Wv. kp{]ow-tIm-SXn DØ-c-

h-\p-k-cn®v CØ-c-Øn¬ dnt∏m¿ v sNbvX tIkp-Ifpw Ahbv°v kzoI-cn® \S-

]-Sn-Ifpw hy‡-am°n PpUo-jy¬ aPn-kvt{S‰v Hcp ss{Xamk dnt∏m¿ v sslt°m-

S-Xn°v \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

AtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂ F√m s]mXp-Xm¬]cy l¿Pn-Ifpw kp{]ow tImSXn

sslt°m-S-Xn°v ssIam-dp-Ibpw AØcw tIkp-I-fn¬ sslt°m-SXn eoK¬

k¿hokkv IΩn-‰nsb l¿Pn-°m-c-\mbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-hm\pw Xocp-am-\n-®p.

IqSmsX Cu IΩn-‰n-sb-Øs∂ tImS-Xn-bpsS DØ-c-hp-Ifpw \n¿t±-i-ßfpw ]men-

°-s∏-Sp-∂pt≠m F∂v \nco-£n-°p-hm\pw Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn.

kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bpsS DØ-chv ]men-°-s∏-Sm-\mbn Xmsg ]d-bp∂ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ

kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv:˛

Pbn-ep-I-fn¬

1. kp{]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bpsS \n¿t±-i-{]-Imcw s]mXp-Xm-Xv]cy l¿Pn-Iƒ sslt°m-

S-Xn-bn¬ cPn-Ã¿ sNbvXn- p-s≠∂pw AXv ssIImcyw sNøm-\mbn Hcp

PUvPnsb Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-s≠∂pw Dd∏p hcp-tØ≠ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw

SLSA-Iƒ°p-≠v.

2. SLSA Iƒ kwÿm\ am\-kn-Im-tcmKy AtXm-dn-‰n- (SMHA)bpsStbm

sslt°m-SXn \nb-an® at‰-sX-¶nepw Soan-s‚tbm klm-b-tØmsS am\-

knI sshI-eytam am\-kn-Im-tcm-Kytam D≈ hy‡n-Isf Pbn-en¬ ]m¿∏n-

®n- pt≠m F∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ hcp∂ kml-NcyØn¬

DS≥Xs∂ Ch-cpsS ]pc-\-[n-hm-k-Øn\pw NnIn-’-°p-ambn sslt°m-S-

Xn-tbmSv \n¿t±-i-ßƒ tNmZn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

3. SMHA IfpsS klm-b-tØmsS SLSA--Iƒ a\-im-kv{X-⁄-cpsStbm at\m-

tcmKhnZ-KvZ-cp-sStbm Iu¨kn-e¿am-cp-sStbm Hcp kwLw D≠m-°p-

IbpwPbn¬ kμ¿in®v Pbn¬ ]p≈n-I-fpsS am\-kn-Im-tcmKyw hne-bn-cp-

Øp-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xp-≠v.

IqSmsX Cu kwL-Øns‚ A`n-{]m-b-a-\p-k-cn®v Bh-iy-amb at\m-tcm-K

NnIn’m klmbw FØn-°m\pw SLSA-Iƒ {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

4. kp{]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bpsS DØ-c-h-\p-k-cn®v CØcw dnt∏m¿ v sNbvX tIkp-I-

60

fpsS FÆhpw Ahbv°v ssIs°m≠ \S-]-Sn-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw PpUo-jy¬

aPn-kvt{S‰v ss{Xam-k-dn-t∏m¿´p-Iƒ sslt°m-S-Xnbv°v Ab-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

Aßs\ Ab® dnt∏m¿´p-I-sf-∏‰n PpUo-jy¬ aPn-kvt{S‰v SLSA-Isf

Adn-bn-®n-cn-°-Ww. {]kvXpX dnt∏m¿ v _lp-am-\-s∏´ \nbp‡ PUvPns‚

{i≤-bn¬ s]´n- p-s≠∂pw, s]mXp-hmbtXm hy‡n-]-ctam Bb {]iv\-

ß-fm-bmepw Bh-iy-amb am¿K-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw DØ-c-hp-Ifpw e`n-°p-∂p-

s≠∂pw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm\mWv. Cu DØ-c-hp-Ifpw \n¿t±-i-ßfpw ]men-°-

s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠∂p Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn SLSAIƒ DLSAIƒt°m

TLSCIƒt°m Bh-iy-amb am¿K \n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬I-Ww. CØcw \n¿t±-

i-ßtfm DØ-c-hp-Itfm ]men-°-s∏-SmØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ SLSAIƒv AXv

PUvPns‚ {i≤-bn¬s∏SptØ≠-Xm-Wv.

at\m-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-Iƒ, am\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky-tI-{μ-ßƒ, CXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰p kuI-

cy-ßƒ

BIvSns‚ 37˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw at\m-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-I-fnepw AXp-t]m-

ep≈ a‰p ÿm]-\-ß-fn-epw, kzImcy DS-a-ÿ-X-sbt∂m Kh¨sa‚ v ÿm]-\-

ß-sft∂m t`Z-an-√m-sX, kμ¿in-°p-hm\pw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm\pw Hcp kμ¿iI

t_m¿Uns\ \nb-an-°m≥ SLSAIƒ sslt°m-S-Xn-tbmSv A`y¿∞n-t°≠-Xm-

Wv. CØcw t_m¿Up-I-fn¬ SLSAIfnse saº¿ sk{I- -dntbm DLSAIfnse

^pƒssSw sk{I- -dntbm Aw-K-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Cu t_m¿Uv CØcw ÿm]-\-

ßƒ IrXy-ambn kμ¿in°p-Ibpw At¥-hm-kn-I-fpsS PohnX kml-N-cy-ßƒ

]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

SLSAItfm, t_m¿tUm CØcw ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ tcmK-hn-ap-‡-cmb

hy‡n-Iƒ, Cu hnhcw IpSpw-_sØ Adn-bn-°m-Ø-Xp-aq-e-tam, IpSpw_w kzoI-

cn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-hm-Ø-Xp-aq-e-tam, Ignbp∂pt≠m F∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°-Ww. CØcw

hy‡n-Isf Is≠-Øp∂ ]£w tImS-Xn-bpsS \nb-a-k-lmbw tXSp-hm\pw IpSpw-

_-Øn-te°v Chsc Xncn-sI-tb¬∏n-°p-hm\pw SLSA-Ifpw DLSA-Ifpw t_m¿Upw

\S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

at\m-tcmKm-ip-]-{Xn-I-fn-tet°m AXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰p ÿm]-\-ß-fn-tet°m

eoK¬ k¿hokkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ kμ¿i-\-ßƒ \S-ØpIbpw CØcw kμ¿i-

\-ß-fn¬ AhnsS Ign-bp-∂-h-cp-ambpw tUmIvS-dp-am-cp-ambpw a‰p tPmen-°m-cp-

ambpw \∂mbn CS-]-g-Ip-Ibpw AXp-hgn GsX-¶nepw hy‡nsb _em¬°m-c-

ambn AhnsS {]th-in-∏n-®n- pt≠m F∂v a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

AØcw kml-N-cy-ßfn¬ Cßs\-bp≈ Bfp-I-fpsS tamN-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb

\nb-a-k-lmbw \¬tI-≠Xpw eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS Npa-X-e-bm-

Wv.

61

CØcw Bfp-I-fpsS klm-b-Øn-\mbn SLSA- Ifp-sStbm DLSA-Ifp-

sStbm t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \nba-k-lmb ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ Bcw- n-t°≠-Xm-Wv. AXp-

hgn at\m-ssh-I-eytam at\m-tcm-Ktam D≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°pw Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-

Øn¬ CØcw hy‡n-Iƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ \nba-{]-iv\-ßsf t\cn-Sp-hm-\p≈

klmbw SLSA-Ifpw DLSA--Ifpw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-t°-≠Xm-Wv.

Cu ¢n\n°p-I-fn¬ Cu hnj-b-ßƒ ssIImcyw sNøm≥ Xm¬]-cy-ap≈

]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf≠nb¿amcpw ]m\¬ temtbgvkpw Bbn-cn-°Ww AwK-ß-

fmbn D≠m-th≠-Xv.

CØcw hy‡n-I-fpsS t£a-Øn\pw G‰hpw \√ \nba tk-h\w e`y-am-

°p-hm\pw ]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf≠nb¿amcmbn am\-kn-Im-tcmKy ÿm]-\-ß-fnse

tUmIvS¿am-scbpw t\gvkp-am-scbpw, ]mcm-sa-Un-°¬ DtZym-K-ÿ-∑m-scbpw a‰-

[n-Im-cn-I-sfbpw ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv A\p-tbm-Pyw.

Poh-t\m-]m[n t\Sp-hm≥ X°-hÆw kzbw-]-cym-]vX-amb sXmgn¬ sNøp-

hm-\p≈ ]co-io-e-\-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ F√m kuI-cy-ßfpw CØcw Bip-]-{Xn-I-

fnepw ÿm]-\-ß-fnepw D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.CØcw kuI-cy-ßƒ e`y-am-°m\mbn

\nb-a-tk-h\ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ°v Kh¨sa‚n-s\tbm sslt°mS-Xn-

sbtbm kao-]n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

eoK¬ k¿Δokkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ CØcw hy‡n-Isf Hmń-kw, skdn-

{_¬ ]mƒkn, _p≤n-am-μyw, aƒń∏nƒ Unsk-_n-en-‰okv F∂o sshI-ey-ap-≈-

h¿°m-bp≈ tZiob t£a-\n-[n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXp-hgn 1999˛se

Hmń-kw, skdn-{_¬ ]mƒkn, _p≤n-am-μyw, aƒń∏nƒ Unsk-_n-en-‰okv F∂o

tcmK-ß-fp≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ tZiob kan-Xn

{]Imcw \¬Ip∂ tkh-\-ßfpw klm-b-ßfpw CØcw hy‡n-Iƒ°pw Ah-

cpsS IpSpw-_-Øn\pw e`y-am-°p-Ibpw thWw.

eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ ]mcm eoK¬ thmf≠nb¿am¿,

tUmIvS¿am¿, a‰p DtZym-K-ÿ¿ F∂n-h-cn-eqsS CØcw hy‡n-I-fpsS `h-\-

sØbpw _‘p-°-sfbpw ]‰n-bp≈ hnh-c-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°-Ww. Cu hnh-c-ßƒ

e`y-a-√mØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ hnh[ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS klm-

b-tØmsS Cu hnh-c-ßƒ Is≠-Øp-hm\pw IpSpw-_-hp-ambn Chsc Iqń-t®¿°p-

hm\pw {ian-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Xma-k-ÿ-e-Øp-\n∂v Zqsc-bp≈ at\m-cm-ip-]-{Xn-I-fntem AXp-t]m-se-

bp≈ a‰p ÿm]-\-ß-fntem Ign-bp∂ tcmKn-Isf Ah-cpsS Xma-k-ÿ-e-Øn-\-

Sp-tØ-°p≈ AØcw ÿm]-\-ß-fn-te°v am‰p-hm-\p≈ \nb-a-k-lmbw SLSA-

Ifpw DLSA-Ifpw \¬I-Ww.

62

`h-\-c-ln-X-tcm, A\m-Ytcm Ae-™p-\-S-°p-∂-htcm Bb at\m-tcm-Kn-Iƒ°pw

at\m-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h¿°p-ap≈ \nba klmbw.

1987˛se am\-kn-Im-tcmKy \nb-a-Ønse 23˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw Ae™p

\S-°p-∂-htcm A]-I-S-Im-cn-Itfm Bb at\m-tcm-Kn-Isf kml-N-cy-ßƒ Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp∂ ]£hpw kz¥w A[n-Imc ]cn-[n-bn¬s]-Sp∂ ]£hpw IÃ-Un-bn-

se-Sp-°p-hm\pw 24 aWn-°q-dn-\Iw aPn-kvt{S-‰ns‚ apºn¬ lmP-cm-°p-hm\pw Hcp

t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿ\v A[n-Im-c-ap-≠v. 24˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw aPn-kvt{S-‰n\v

CØcw hy‡n-Isf NnIn-’-°mbn Hcp at\m-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-bn-te°v Ab-°p-

hm-\p≈ A[n-Im-c-ap≠v.

AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ 25˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw Hcp t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿt\m

kzIm-cy-hy‡nt°m Abm-fpsS A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬ hcp∂ {]tZ-iØv GsX-

¶nepw at\m-tcm-Ktam at\m-ssh-Iey-tam D≈ hy‡n-sb _‘pthm, a‰p c£-

I¿Ømthm Ah-tl-fn-°-p-Itbm Ah-K-Wn-°-p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ AXv aPn-kvt{S-

‰ns‚ apºn¬ dnt∏m¿´p sNøm-hp-∂-XmWv. CØcw hy‡n-I-tfmSv tami-amb Xc-

Øn¬ s]-cp-am-dn-b-h¿s°-Xnsc ]ng CuSm-°m\pw am\-kn-I-tcm-Knsb XncnsI

kzoI-cn-°m-\p≈ DØ-chv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m\pw aPn-kvt{S-‰n\v A[n-Imcw D≠v.

`h-\-c-ln-Xtcm A\m-Ytcm Bb at\m-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬

km[m-cW KXn-bn¬ 1999˛se Hmń-kw, skdn-{_¬ ]mƒkn, _p≤n-am-μyw, aƒń-

∏nƒ Unsk-_n-en-‰okv F∂o tcmK-ßƒ D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn

{]h¿Øn-°p∂ tZiob kan-Xn-Iƒ°mbp≈ \nb-a-{]-Imcw Hcp cPn-Ã¿ sNbvX

ÿm]\w hgn tem°¬ seh¬ IΩn-‰n°v {]iv\-ßƒ dnt∏m¿ v sNøp-I-bmWvv

th≠-Xv. tem°¬ seh¬ IΩn-‰n-bmWv CØcw Bfp-I-fpsS kwc-£-W-Øn-\m-

bp≈ am¿§ \n¿t±iw \¬Ip-∂Xv.

eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ sNtø≠ {]h¿Ø-\w.

1987˛se am\kn-Im-tcmKy \na-b-Ønse 24,25 hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Imcw lmP-

cm-°p∂ am\-knI tcmKtam am\-knI sshI-ey-tam D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS klm-

b-Øn-\mbn eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ Ah-t_m-

[-ap≈ A`n- m-j-I-cpsS Hcp ]m\¬ cq]o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb DØ-c-

hp-Iƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m≥ aPn-kvt{S-‰ns\ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.

1999˛se Hmń-kw, skdn-{_¬ ]mƒkn, _p≤n-am-μyw, aƒń-∏nƒ Unsk-

_n-en-‰okv F∂o tcmK-ßƒ D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-

°p∂ tZiob kan-Xn-Iƒ°mbp≈ \nb-aØnse 13˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw eoK¬

k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ, Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏- -hcpw A\mY `h\ cln-X-cp-amb

at\m-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h-cpsS kwc-£-W-Øn\pw ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn\pambn c£-

I¿Øm-hns\tbm, c£-I¿Xr-ÿm-]-\-tØtbm \nb-an-°p∂-Xn\v t]meo-kns\

63

Ah-cpsS ]mcm-eo-K¬ thmf≠nb¿am¿ (PLV) hgn klm-bn-°-Ww.

tUmIvS¿am¿, t]meokv, DtZym-K-ÿ¿, PpUo-jy¬ aPn-kvt{S‰v XpS-ßn-b-

h¿ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ am\-kn-Im-tcmKy {]h¿Ø-I-tcmSv tN¿∂v eoK¬ k¿Δo-

kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ e-{]-Z-amb At\z-jW {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw t_m[-

h-Xv°-cW {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Ae-™p-\-S-°p∂ am\-knI tcmKn-Isf

Is≠Øp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS a\p-jym-h-Imi kwc-£-W-Øn\v Bh-iy-amb \nba

\S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.

tImSXn \S-]-Sn-I-fn-eqsS am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Iƒ°pw am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-

h¿°pw \¬tI≠ \nba klm-b-ßƒ.

am\-kn-I-tcm-K-tam, am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam D≈ hy‡nIfpsS kwc-£-

W-Øn-\mbn {][m-\-ambpw c≠p \nb-a-ß-fmWv D≈-Xv.

1. am\-kn-Im--tcmKy \nb-aw, (Mental Health Act 1987)

2. Hmń-kw, skdn-{_¬ ]mƒkn, _p≤n-am-μyw, aƒń-∏nƒ Unsk-_n-en-‰okv

F∂o tcmK-ßƒ D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂

tZiob kan-Xn-Iƒ°mbp≈ \nb-aw, 1999, (National Trust for the Welfare

Person with Autism, cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Muiltiple

Disbilities Act, 1999)

CØcw hy‡n-I-fpsS Imcy-ß-fn¬ aPn-kvt{St‰m tem°¬ seh¬ IΩn-

‰ntbm Bh-iy-amb DØ-chv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv \ymb-hn-Nm-cW \S-

Øn-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v Cu c≠v \nb-a-ßfpw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂p. IqSmsX CØcw

hnNm-c-W-I-fn¬ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ Ah-cpsS ]n.F¬.hn hgntbm

]m\¬ temtbgvkv hgntbm ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cn-t°-≠Xpw B-h-iy-am-Wv.

1987˛se am\-kn-Im-tcmKy \nb-a-Øns‚ 19,20,22,24,25,26,27,28F∂o hIp-

∏p-I-f-\p-k-cn®v dnsk-]vj≥ Hm¿U-dn-\m-bp≈ Hcp At]£ t_m[n-∏n-°p-Itbm

tImS-Xn-bn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ]m\¬ temb-

dn-s\tbm dosS-bv\¿ temb-dn-s\tbm tImS-Xn-bn-te°v \ntbm-Kn-t°≠ ISa eoK¬

k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ°p≠v.

AØcw hy‡n-I-fpsS Xm¬]cyw kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn, dnsk-]vj≥

Hm¿U-dnt\m UnkvNm¿÷v Hm¿U-dnt\m D≈ At]£ \ne-\n¬°p∂ kml-N-

cy-Øn¬, eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ°v t\mókv \¬I-W-sa∂v aPn-kvt{S-

‰nt\mSv At]-£n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

CØcw kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ dosS-bv\¿ tembtdm ]m\¬ tembtdm At]-

£-Is‚ _‘p-°-tfm-tSm, tUmIvS¿am-tcmtSm As√-¶n¬ tbmKy-cmb a‰p hy‡n-

64

I-tfmsS tN¿∂v Bh-iy-amb hnh-c-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°p-Ibpw A\p-Iq-e-amb DØ-

chv t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

{]mtZ-inI eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ CØ-c-Øn¬ dnk-]vj≥

Hm¿U¿ ]m m-°nb hy‡n-I-fpsS enÃv Xøm-dm°n kq£n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS

NnIn-’-bpsS ]ptcm-KXn \nco-£n-°p-Ibpw thWw.

CØ-c-Øn¬ dnk-]vj≥ Hm¿U¿ {]Imcw hn -b® GsX-¶nepw am\-kn-I-

tcmKap≠m-bn-cp∂ hy‡n AkpJw t`Z-am-bn´pw NnIn-’m-tI-{μ-Øn¬ Xs∂

XpS-cp∂ kml-N-cy-ap-s≠-¶n¬ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ AXv aPn-kvt{S-

‰ns‚ {i≤-bn¬s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

18˛mw hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®v eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ ]n.-F¬.hn

hgntbm dos‰-bv\¿ As√-¶n¬ ]m\¬ temtbgvkv hgntbm kpJ-s∏´ thmf‚dn

t]jy‚n-s\bpw AXp-a-s√-¶n¬ 19˛mw hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®v C≥thm-f‚dn t]jy‚n-

s\bpw (involuntary patient) hn -bv°m-\p≈ At]-£-°p-th≠ klmbw \¬I-

Ww.

19˛mw hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®v eoK¬ ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ hgntbm t_m¿Uv Hm v hnkn-

t‰gvkv (Board of Visitors) hgntbm CØcw tcmKn-I-fpsS {]th-i-\hpw

XpS¿∂p≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ \nco-£n-°p-

Ibpw 90 Znh-k-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ Ahsc XS-¶-en¬ ]m¿∏n-®n- p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv

tImS-Xn-bpsS DØ-c-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-sW∂v Dd∏p hcp-Øp-Ibpw thWw.

20˛mw hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®p≈ tIkp-I-fnepw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-

ßƒ hnh-c-ßƒ kq£n-°p-Ibpw AXp-hgn sX‰mb Imc-W-ß-fm¬ tcmKhnap-

‡-cmb hy‡n-Iƒ am\-kn-I-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-I-fntem AXp-t]msebp≈ ÿm]-

\-ß-fntem Ign-bp-∂n-s√∂v Dd∏v hcp-Øp-Ibpw thWw. Cßs\ Ign-bp∂ hy‡n-

I-fp-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS tamN-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ \S-]Sn {Ia-ßƒ F{Xbpw thKw

kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.

23, 25˛mw hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Imcw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ

Ae™p\S-°p∂ sshI-ey-ap-≈-h-cpsS hnh-c-ti-J-c-Whpw XpSct\z-j-Whpw

\S-tØ-≠Xm-Wv. AXp-hgn 28˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw aPn-kvt{S‰v \S-Øp∂ 10 Znh-

ksØ \nco-£W hni-I-e\w IrXy-ambn \S-∂p-sh∂pw 24 (2) (a) {]Imcw

(Mental Ilness Certificate) IrXy-ka-bØv e`n-®p-sh∂pw Dd-∏m-°m≥ km[n-

°pw.

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ Ah-cpsS eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ¢n\n-

°p-Iƒ hgntbm ]n.-F¬.hn hgntbm ]m\¬ As√-¶n¬ dos -bv\¿ temtbgvkv

hgntbm tcmKn-I-fpsS tamN-\-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ hnh-c-ßƒ kq£n-°p-Ibpw Bh-

65

iy-amb kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ tamN-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ At]£ saUn-°¬ Hm^o-k-

¿t°m dnk-]vj≥ Hm¿U¿ \¬Inb tImS-Xnt°m ka¿∏n-°m-\m-h-iy-amb

klmbw \¬Ip-I-bpw sNøWw.

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ, ]n.-F¬.hn Iƒ, ]m\¬ As√-¶n¬

dos -bv\¿ temtbgvkv F∂n-h¿ at\mtcmKm-ip-]-{Xn-I-fntem a‰p ÿm]-\-ß-

fntem AUvan‰v sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ tcmKn-Iƒ°p Ah[n e`y-am-°m-\p≈ klmbw

45,46˛ hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Imcw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. IqSm-sX, 49˛mw hIp-∏-\p-

k-cn®v A∏o¬ b¬ sNøm\pw Bhiyamb klmbw \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

am\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky-ap≈ hy‡n-bpsS XmXv]cyw kwc-£n-°m-\mbn 50˛mw

hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®v eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßfpw Ah-cpsS hnNm-c-W-bn¬

]s¶-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CØcw kμ¿ -ß-fn¬ eoK¬ k¿Δokkv ÿm]-\-Øn\v

t\m´okv \¬Im-\mbn Pn√m PUvPn°vv Hcp At]£ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-

\-ßƒ \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

at\m-tcm-Kn-sb∂v Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ hy‡n°v kzØp-h-I-Iƒ-D≈

kml-N-cy-Øn¬ am\-kn-Im-tcmKy \nba-Ønse 50 (1)(a) apX¬ 50 (1)(d) hsc-

bp≈ hIp∏pI-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ am\-kn-Im-tcmKy \nbaw

Nm]v‰¿ 6 se \nba hnNm-c-W-bv°p≈ At]£ \¬Ip-∂n-√m-sb-¶n¬ eoK¬

k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ CØcw hy‡n-I-fpsS am\-kn-I-\ne a\- n-em-°m-

\p≈ \nba--hn-NmcW \S-Øp-∂-Xn\pw Ch-cpsS kzØp-h-I-Iƒ ssIhiw hbv°p-

∂-Xn\pw ssIImcyw -sN-øp-∂-Xn-\pap≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°-Ww. C°m-cy-

ßƒ \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n ta¬]-d™ hIp-∏n¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂

GsXmcp hy‡n-bp-ambpw I-Øn-S-]m-Sp-Iƒ hgn _‘-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX

50 (1)(d) hIp∏v {]Imcw C°m-cy-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´v kwÿm-\sØ AUz-

t°‰v P\-d-en-s\tbm Pn√m If-IvS-sdsbm kao-]n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. eoK¬ k¿ho-

kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ am\-kn-ImtcmKn-Iƒ°v F√m-hn[ \nbak-lmbßfpw Pn√m

If-IvS¿ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ ]£w a‰p klm-b-ßfpw ta¬∏-d™ hIp-∏p-I-fp-

ambn _‘-s∏ v sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

53˛mw hIp-∏v {]Imcw c£-I¿Øm-hns\ \nb-an® kml-N-cy-Ønepw 54˛mw

hIp-∏v {]Imcw kzØp-°ƒ kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v amt\-Psc \nb-an® kml-N-cy-

Ønepw 71, 79 ˛ hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Imcw Poh-\mwiw \¬Im-\p≈ DØ-chv h∂

kml-N-cy-Ønepw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ XpS-c-t\z-jWw \S-Øp-

Ibpw am\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky-ap≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS XmXv]cyw kwc-£n-°m-\p≈ F√m

\S-]-Sn-Ifpw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

76˛mw hIp-∏v {]Imcw A∏o¬ \¬Im-\p≈ F√m klm-b-ßfpw eoK¬

k¿Δo-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v.

66

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ Ah-cpsS eoK¬ ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ hgnbpw

]n.-F¬.hn hgnbpw t_m¿Uv Hm^v hnkn-t‰gvkv hgnbpw at\m-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-I-

fnepw AXp-t]m-se-bp≈ ÿm]-\-ß-fnepw a\p-jym-h-Imi ewL-\-ßƒ \S-

°p-∂n-s√∂pw Dd∏p hcp-Øp-Ibpw AYhm AØcw ewL-\-ßƒ \S-°p-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ A°mcyw sslt°m-S-Xn-bpsS {i≤-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw thWw.

1999˛se Hm´n-kw, skdn-{_¬ ]mƒkn, _p≤n-am-μyw, aƒ´n-∏nƒ Unsk-

_n-en-‰okv F∂o tcmK-ßfp≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂

tZiob kan-Xn-I-fn-ep≈ \nbaw am\-kn-I -ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h-cpsS kwc-£-W-tØm-

sSm∏w Ah-cpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS kwc-£-Ww, amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ acn® am\-

knI ssh-Iey-ap-≈-h-cpsS kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn c£-I¿Øm-°sf \nb-an-°¬

XpSßn [mcmfw hnj-b-ß-f-S-ßnb Hcp \nb-aam-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xs∂ Cu BIvSn-

s\-∏‰n s]mXp-P-\-ßsf Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Aßs\ Cu \nb-asØ {]tbm-P-

\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ahsc klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ

apt∂m´p htc-≠-Xm-Wv. ]n.-F¬.hn Ifpw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ¢n\n-°p-Ifpw c£-

I¿Øm-hns\ \nb-an-°m-\p≈ Imcy-ß-fn¬ am\-knI sshIeyap≈-h-cp-sSbpw

Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-sØbpw klm-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS ]n¥p-S¿®m-

h-Im-iw, DS-a-ÿm-h-Im-iw, kmº-Øn-Im-h-Imiw F∂nh kwc-£n-°p-hm≥ eoK¬

k¿Δokkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ {i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam am\-kn-I-

tcmKtam D≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°pw km[m-cW P\-ß-sf-t∏mse ÿmh-c-Pw-Ka

hkvXp-°ƒ°p≈ ]n¥p-S¿®m-h-Im-ihpw kzØp˛km-º-ØnI Imcy-ßƒ

ssIImcyw sNøp-hm-\p-ap≈ Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. IqSmsX tem¨ hgntbm, ]Wbw

ht®m, at‰-sX-¶nepw Xc-Øntem ]Ww IS-ambn kz¥-amtbm hniz-kvX-\mb

as‰mcp hy‡n hgn-tbm, hmßm\pw km[n-°pw. CØcw Imcy-ßƒ°p≈ F√m

\nba klm-b-ßfpw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ \¬tI≠Xp-≠v.

1995˛se am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h-cpsS (Xp-eym-h-kc Ah-Imi kwc-

£W ]cn-]q¿Æ -]-¶mfnØ) \nb-a-Øns‚ F√m B\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw t\Sn-sb-Sp-

°m≥ at\m-ssh-I-ey-ap≈ hy‡n-Isf eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ klm-

bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ß¬ am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-h¿°v D]-Im-

c-s∏-Sp∂ ]pXnb ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw Ah-scbpw IpSpw-_-sØbpw Cu

]≤-Xn-I-fpsS B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.

t_m[-h-Xv°-cW {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Ah-t_m[ {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ F√m ÿe-ßfnepw {]tXyIn®v {Kmao-W-

67

ta-J-e-I-fn¬, t_m[-h-Xv°-cW {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw AXp-hgn am\-kn-I-

tcm-K-ßƒ NnIn-’n-®p-am-‰m-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw am\-kn-I-ssh-I-ey-ßfpw am\-kn-I-tcm-

K-ßfpw Hcp A]-am-\-a-s√∂pw kaq-lsØ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw thWw.

eoK¬ k¿hokkv ÿm]-\-ß¬ at\m-tcm-K-hn-Z-KvZ-cp-sSbpw A`n- m-j-I-cp-

sSbpw kmaq-lnI {]h¿Ø-I-cp-sSbpw klm-b-tØmsS \nba t_m[-h-Xv°-cW

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw AXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-h-cpsS kwi-b-ßƒ Zqco-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ am‰p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xm-Wv. Aßs\ at\m-ssh-I-eytam at\m-

tcm-Ktam D≈ hy‡n-I-tfmSpw km[m-c-W-°m-tcm-sS-∂-t]mse Xs∂ s]cp-am-td-≠-

Xm-sW∂v kaq-l-Øn\v Ah-t_m[w \¬Im≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv A n- m-j-I≥ CØcw Iymºp-Ifn¬ am\-kn-IsshIeytam

am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb F√m Ah-Im-i-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw

Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-sØbpw kaq-l-sØbpw ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-XmWv.

SLSA-Itfm DLSA-Itfm PpUojy¬ A°m-U-antbm tN¿∂v PpUo-jy¬

Hm^o-k¿am¿°mbn ]cn-io-e-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AXp-hgn CØcw

Bfp-Ifpw Ah-cpsS c£-I¿Øm-°fpw a‰p IpSpw-_mw-K-ßfpw _‘p-°fpw t\cn-

Sp∂ \nb-a-]-c-ambpw kmaq-ln-Ihp-am-bp-w t\cn-Sp-∂p≈ {]iv\-ßƒ Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNø-Ww.

CtX-t]m-se-bp≈ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ _m¿ Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ klm-b-tØmsS

]m\¬ temtb-gvkn\pw A n- mjIhr-Øn-bn-te¿s∏- n-cn-°p∂ a‰p hy‡n-Iƒ°p-ambn

kwL-Sn-∏n-°m\pw eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ {ian-°-Ww.

eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv ÿm]-\-ßƒ am\-kn-I-ssh-I-eytam am\-kn-I-tcm-Ktam

D≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS {]iv\-ßƒ ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ NGO-Ifpw a‰p kzX{¥y kmaq-lnI

kwL-S-\-I-fp-ambn IqSn-t®¿∂v {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

68

69

Zmcn-{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS ^-e-

{]-Zam-b \-S-Øn-∏n-\m-bp≈ NALSA

bpsS ]-≤-Xn, 2015

70

71

Zmcn-{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS -e-{]Zamb \-S-Øn-∏n-\m-

bp≈ NALSAbpsS ]-≤-Xn, 2015

1) ]-›mØ-ew

1987˛se eo-K¬ k¿-ho-kkv A-tXm-dn-‰n B-Œn-s‚ 4(l) -mw h-Ip-∏v {]-Im-cw

\m-j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n tI-{μ A-tXm-dn-‰n-bm-bn \n-b-an-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p. k-aq-l-Øn-\v \n-b-a-km-£-c-Xbpw \nb-a-t_m-[hpw {]-

tXy-In-®v Zp¿-_-e-hn- m-K-ßƒ-°v km-aq-ln-It£-a ]cn-]m-SnIƒ \-ev-Ip-∂

A-h-Im-i-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw \n-b-a-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw Ah-

sc t_m-[-hm≥-am-cm-°m\pw \m-j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n-

IS-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. 1987˛se eo-K¬ k-¿-ho-kkv A-tXm-dn-‰n B-Œn-s‚ B-ap-

J-Øn¬ {]-Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-X-\p-k-cn-®v, eoK¬ k¿-ho-k-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n-

Iƒ k-aq-l-Øn-se Zp¿-_-e hn- m-Kß-sf Iq-Sp-X¬ ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw km-

ºØn-I ]-cm-[o-\-X-I-tfm a-t‰-sX-¶nepw _-e-lo-\X-Itfm aq-ew H-cp hy-

‡n°pw \o-Xn \n-tj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-∂v D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-Ibpw thWw.

]-e-t∏mgpw I-gn-hn√m-bv-atbm, km-aqln-I LS-\ aqetam, km-ºØn-I ]m¿-

iz-h-Xv-°-c-Wtam, Nqj-Wtam, km-aqln-I aq-ey-ßtfm, kmw-kv-Imcn-I \n-

ba-ßtfm aq-etam Zm-cn{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sS B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ

b-Ym¿-∞ Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°ƒ-°vv e- n-°m-sX h-cp-∂p. CØ-cw km-l-N-cy-

ßƒ ap-∂n¬°-≠v Zmcn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sS b-Ym¿-∞ {]-

tbmP-\w A¿-l-cm-b-h-cp-sS {i≤-bn¬ FØn-°p-I F-∂-Xm-bncn-°Ww \m-

j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n-bpsS Zu-Xyw. eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv

ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS F√m ta-J-e-I-fn-ep-ap-≈ km∂n≤yw aq-ew CØ-cw {]-

h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ°v Cu ÿm-]-\-ßƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv G-‰-hpw A\p-tbm-Py-am-

bXv. A-Xn-\m¬ X-s∂ Zm-cn{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\-Øn\pw kmaqln-I kp-c-£°p-

≈ \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°m-\pw CØ-cw \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ F√m-h-cn-te°pw F-

Øn-°m\pw Ah-sb -e-{]-Zam-b co-Xn-bn¬ hn-i-Ie-\w sN-øp-hm-\p-ap-≈

Hcp {]-{In-b-bmWv Cu ]≤Xn e-£yw sh-bv-°p-∂-Xv. {]m-tZin-Iamb hyXn-

bm-\-ßfpw t -Z-ßfpw B-h-iy-ß-fp-ap-≠m-hp-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ X-s∂ {]m-tZinI

eo-K¬ F-bv-Uv A-tXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ-°v A-h-cp-sS B-h-iym-\p-kc-Ww cq-]-s∏-Sp-

Øm-hp-∂ co-Xn-bn-emWv Cu ]≤Xn cq-]-I-¬]-\ sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

Zm-cn-{Zy-sa∂-Xv tIh-ew km-ºØn-I ]-cm-[o-\-X-Iƒ am-{X-a√ {Xnam-\-amb

-X-e-ß-fn-ep-≈ H-cp A-\p- -h-am-sW-∂ X-Xz-Øn-emWv Cu ]≤Xn cq-]o-I-cn-

®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. {Xnam\ X-e-ß-fn-ep-≈ Zm-cn-{Zyw F-∂Xp-sIm-≠v A¿-∞-am-

°p∂-Xv B-tcm-Kyw (am-\-knIm-tcm-Ky-apƒ-s∏-sS), ]m¿∏n-S ku-I-cyw, t]m-

72

j-Im-lmcw, sXm-gn¬, s]≥j≥, in-ip-a-c-W -\n-c°v, am-Xr-kw-c-£-Ww, P-

e-e- y-X, hn-Zym- ymkw, s]m-Xp-ip-Nn-Xz \n-e-hmcw, k-_v-kn-UnIƒ, A-Snÿm-

\ tk-h-\ßƒ, km-aqln-I _-ln-jv-I-cWw, hn-th-N-\w F-∂o L-S-I-ß-

sf-°q-Sn ]-cn-K-Wn-®mWv. kw-ÿm-\ -X-eØntem Pn√m X-eØn-tem- {]-tXy-

I ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ \-S-∏n-em-°p-tºmƒ Nq-jn-Xcpw ]m¿-iz-h-Xv-°-cn-°-s∏- -h-cp-am-

b-h¿ hnhn-[ X-e-ß-fn-ep-≈ Zm-cn-{Zy-a-\p- -hn-°p-∂-h-cm-sW-∂ Imcyw eo-

K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ ]-cn-K-Wn-°Ww.

2) ]≤-Xn-bpsS t]-cv

Cu ]≤XnbpsS t]cv "Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS -e-{]-Zam-b \-S-

Øn-∏n-\m-bp≈ NALSA˛bp-sS ]-≤-Xn, 2015’ [NALSA (Effective Imple-

mentation of Poverty Alleviation Schemes) Scheme, 2015) F-∂m-bn-cn-

°pw.

3) \n¿-hN-\w

1) "BŒv F-∂Xp-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°p∂-Xv eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n

B-Œv, 1987 BWv.

2) "tZio-b A-tXm-dn´n F-∂Xp-sIm-≠v A¿-∞-am-°p∂-Xv B-Œnse 3˛mw

hIp∏v {]-Im-cw cq-]o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂ tZio-b eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-

tXm-dn-‰n F∂mWv.

3) "]-cm-Xn-°m-c\m-b Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hv F-∂Xp-sIm-≠v D-t±-in-°p∂-Xv

Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS G-sX-¶nepw \nbp‡ A[n-Im-cn-

s°-Xn-sctbm Hm- o-k¿-s°-Xnsctbm ]-cm-Xn k-a¿-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂ ]≤-

Xn-bpsS KpW-t`m-‡m-hmWvv.

4) "Pn√m A-tXm-dn‰n F-∂Xp-sIm-≠v A¿-∞-am-°p∂-Xv B-Œns‚ 9˛mw

h-Ip-∏v {]-Im-cw cq-]o-I-cn-°-s∏- Pn√m eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-

‰n-sb-bmWv.

5) "eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- ok¿ F∂-Xv kv-Io-an¬ AØ-cw Im-cy-

ßƒ-°mbn \n-b-an-®n-cn-°p-∂ F√m hy-‡n-I-sfbpw {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-

°p∂p.

6) "]m-cm eo-K¬ thm-f‚n-tb-gvk F-∂Xp-sIm-≠v D-t±-in-°p∂-Xv

NALSA˛bp-sS PLVIƒ-°m-bp-≈ {]-th-i-\w, {]-th-i-\m-¥-c ]-cn-ioe-

\w Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- kv-Io-an-se PLV˛bp-sS AtX A¿-

∞-tØm-sS-bmWv.

7) "Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn F-∂m¬ tI-{μ-K-h -sa‚n-s‚sbm kw-

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ÿm-\-K-h -sa‚ns‚sbm Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\-Øn-\m-bp-≈ G-Xp-X-e-

Øn-ep-≈ ]-≤-Xn-bp-am-Imw. C-Xn¬ km-aqln-I kp-c-£-°p-≈ hy-h-

ÿ-I-fp-ap-≠m-Imw.

8) "]-≤-Xn-bp-sS Kp-W-t`m-‡m°ƒ F-∂m¬

a. ]- n-I-PmXn, ]- n-I-h¿-K-Øn-ep-≈ hy-‡n-Ifpw

b. Zm-cn-{Zy-\n-¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°v A-t]-£n-°m≥ tbm-Kycm-b hy-‡n-

Ifpw

c. {]-tXy-I km-º-Øn-I km-aqln-I cm-{„o-b \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ-°v A¿-lcm-b

F√m hy-‡n-I-fpw (C-Xv Ip- n-Ifntem kv-{Xo-Ifntem aq∂mw h¿-K-

°mcntem H-Xp-ßp-∂X√) Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv.

9) "kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn‰n F∂-Xv B-Œns‚ 6˛mw h-Ip-∏-\p-k-cn-®v cq-]o-I-cn-

°-s∏- kwÿm-\ eo-K¬- k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n-bmWv.

10) "Xmeq°v eoK¬ k¿Δokv IΩn‰n F∂Xv BIvSns‚ 11- mw hIp-∏-\p-k-

cn®v cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏´ Xmeq°v eoK¬ k¿Δokv IΩ-‰n-bm-Ip-∂p.

11) eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv ¢n-\n-°p-I-ƒ, {^≠v Hm- okv, ]m-\¬ tem-tb-gvkv, do-

s‰-bv-\¿ tem-tb-gv-kv F-∂o ]-Z-ßƒ-°v \m-j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-

tXm-dn‰n ({^o B‚ v tIm-]o‰‚ v eo-K¬ k¿-ho-kkv) sd-Kp-te-j≥-kv,

2010˛sebpw \m-j-W¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn‰n (eo-K¬ k¿-hok-

kv ¢n-\n-Ivkv) sd-Kp-te-j≥-kv, 2010˛sebpw A-tX A¿-∞-am-Wp-≈Xv.

4) kvIoans‚ e£yßƒ

Cu kvIoans‚ {][m\ e£yßƒ Xmsg∏dbp∂hbmWv.

1) kmaqlnIamtbm kmºØnIamtbm ]nt∂m°w \n¬°p∂ hn`m KßfpsS

auenImhImi-ßfpw B-\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw A-h¿-°v e- y-am-°p-∂p-sh-∂v D-d-

∏p-h-cp-Øp-I.

2) tZio-b kwÿm-\ Pn√m Xm-eq-°v X-e-ß-fn-ep-≈ km-aq-ln-I-ambpw km-º-

Øn-I-ambpw ]n-t∂m-°w \n¬-°p-∂-h¿-°v Zm-cn{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ

\-¬Ip-∂ tk-h-\-ßƒ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m-\p-≈ \n-b-a-k-lm-bw \-ev-Ip-I.

3) Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n Aw-Kßƒ, Xm-eq-°v eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv A-tXm-dn-‰n Aw-

Kßƒ, ]m-\¬ tem-tb-gvkv, km-aqln-I {]-h¿-ØI¿, PLV˛Iƒ, eo-K¬ F-

bv-Uv ¢n-\n-°n-se Aw-K-ßƒ F-∂n-h¿ h-gn Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-sf-

∏-‰n-bp-≈ A-h-t_m-[w \-ev-IpI.

74

4) \n-e-hn-ep-≈ Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P\-sØ kw-_-‘n-®p-≈ F√m tZio-b kwÿm-

\ ]-≤-XnIƒ, \n-b-{¥-W-ßƒ t]m-fn-knIƒ, t]m-fn-kn \n-b-{¥-Wßƒ,

I -sh≥-j-\pIƒ, N- ßƒ, dn-t∏m¿- p-Iƒ F∂n-h Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn H-cp hn-h-

c-ti-J-cWw (data base) \-S-Øp-Ibpw Cu ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°m-bp-≈ -≠n-s\-

°p-dn-®p-≈ ]pXn-b hn-h-c-ßƒ kq-£n-°p-Ibpw sN-øpI.

5) ]m-\¬ tem-tb-gvkv, PLV˛Iƒ, Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS Io-gn¬ h-

cp-∂ D-tZym-Kÿ¿, eo-K¬ F-bv-Uv ¢n-\n-°p-I-fn-se thm-f‚n-b¿-amcm-b hn-

Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ F-∂n-h-cp-sS I-gnhpw B-flm¿-∞-Xbpw h¿-≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-

bn ]-cn-io-e-\ ]-≤-Xn-Ifpw \-hoI-c-W ]-≤-Xn-I-fpw G-s‰-Sp-Øv \-S-Øp-I.

6) km-ºØn-I km-aqln-I Zp¿-_-e hn- m-K-ß-fp-sS t£-a-Øn-\m-bn \n-tbm-Kn-

°-s∏- tXm _-‘-s∏- tXm B-b K-h -sa‚ v kw-L-S-\Iƒ, D-tZym-Kÿ¿,

ÿm-]-\ßƒ, A-[n-Im-cnIƒ, NGO-Iƒ, a-‰p kw-L-S-\-I-ƒ, F∂n-h X-

Ωn¬ ]-c-kv-]-c-_-‘hpw G-tIm-]-\hpw h-f¿-Øp-I.

5) Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS I-s≠Ø¬ (identification)

1) F√m kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-Ifpw \n-e-hn-ep-≈Xpw kw-ÿm-\-Øn-\p _m-

[-I-hpam-b F√m Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤Xn-Ifpw I-s≠-Øp-Ibpw A-h-

sb-∏-‰n H-cp ]´n-I F√m ]-{¥-≠v am-k-Ønepw Pn√m eo-K¬ A-tXm-dn-‰n-°v

\-¬-Ip-Ibpw thWw. Cu ]- n-I-bn¬ Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°Ww.

A) kw-ÿm-\-Øn-\p _m-[-Iam-b Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-Ifpw B

h¿-jw A-Xp \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂ Pn√-I-fp-sS t]-cp-I-fpw.

B) Hmtcm ]-≤-Xn-bp-sSbpw D±njvS Kp-W-t`m-‡m°ƒ.

C) Hmtcm ]-≤-Xn-bp-sSbpw B-\p-Iqeyw e- n-°m-\m-bn k-ao-]n-t°-≠ \n-

bp-‡ A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-fp-sSbpw Hm- o-k¿-am-cp-sSbpw t]-cpIƒ.

Cu) ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS B-\p-Iqeyw e- n-°p-∂-Xn-\v B-h-iyam-b tc-J-I-fp-sS

]- n-I.

D) Hmtcm ]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw e- n-°p-∂ B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈

hn-h-cßƒ.

Du) H-cp h¿-j-tØ-°v tZio-b kwÿm-\ k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ Cu ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-

°m-bn \o-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂ Xp-I.

2) C-Ø-c-Øn¬ 1˛mw D-]-h-Ip-∏v {]-Im-cw kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n X-bm-dm-°p-∂

]´n-I {]-Xn-h¿-jw F√m Pn√m eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv ÿm-]-\-ßƒ-°n-S-bnepw

75

{]-N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Cu ]- n-I-bp-sS H-cp tIm-∏n tI-{μ-AtXm-dn-‰n°v A-b-

°p-I-bpw th-Ww.

3) Cu ]ń-I kw-ÿm-\-K-h -sa‚ v A-h-cp-sS sh_v-ssk-‰n¬ A-]vtem-Uv

sN-øWw.

4) F√m Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-fpw kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n X-bm-dm°n-b ]ń-I e-

`n-°p-∂ apd°v A-Xn-s‚ H-cp tIm-∏n G-gp Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-

∂ A-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v A-b®p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-XmWv.

a) Pn√-bn-se F√m Xm-eq-°v eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv I-Ωn-‰nIƒ.

b) Pn√-bn-se F√m {Km-a-]-©m-b-ØpIƒ

c) eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv ¢n-\n-°p-I-fn¬ tPm-en sN-øp-∂ hy-‡nIƒ, ]-

©m-bØv Aw-Kßƒ, \n-b-a-hn-Zym¿-∞nIƒ, Cu ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ \-S-∏n-em-

°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p-∂ a-‰p ]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-tbgvkv F-∂nh¿.

6) t_m-[-h-¬°-c-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sS B-kq-{X-Ww

1) Pn√-bn¬ e- yam-b Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ t_m-[-h¬°-

c-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ A-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-fp-am-bn tN¿-

∂v kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n B-kq-{X-Ww sN-tø-≠-XmWv. Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-

\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ e- n-°m-\m-h-iyam-b \n-b-a-k-lm-b-ß-sf∏-‰n A-dn-hp\¬Im≥

]-©mb-Øv ao-‰nw-Kp-I-fnepw Su -lmƒ ao-‰nw-Kp-I-fnepw ]ƒ-kv t]mfntbm

Iym-ºp-I-fn-epw D-’-h-ß-fnepw a-‰p Iq- m-bv-a-I-fnepw Xm-eq-°v eo-K¬ k¿-

hok-kv I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ B-h-iyam-b \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°Ww.

2) X-ß-fp-sS A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬ \-S-∏n-em°n-b t{]m-{Km-ap-I-fp-sS ]ń-I F√m

B-dp am-kw Iq-Sp-tºmgpw kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n tI-{μ A-tXm-dn-‰n-°v Ab-

®p \-¬tI-≠-XmWv.

7) eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿-amcpw ]m-cm eo-K¬ thm-f‚n-tb-gvkpw

1) Cu ]≤XnbpsS e-£y-Øn-\m-bn F√m Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-Ifpw Xm-eq-°v eo-

K¬ k¿-hok-kv I-Ωn-‰n-Ifpw Ip-d™-Xv aq-∂v ]m-\¬ tem-tb-gv-kn-s\ eo-

K¬ k¿-hokv Hm- o-k¿-am-cm-bn \n-b-an-°-Ww.

2) Cu ]≤Xn -e-{]-Z-am-bn \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n eo-K¬

k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k-dn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ PLV˛I-fp-sS H-cp So-ap-≠m-°Ww.

Cu eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿ Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS Kp-W-

t`m-‡m°-sf k-lm-bn-°m-\m-bn X-s‚ So-an-s‚ ta¬-t\m- w h-ln-°p-Ibpw

D-]-tZ-i-I-\m-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

76

3) km-aqln-I km-ºØn-I Zp¿-_-e-hn- m-K-ß-fp-sS B-h-iy-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw Zm-cn-

{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒh-gn A-h¿-°v e- n-°p-∂ B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw

A-h-t_m-[-ap-≠m-°p-hm-\m-bn ]m-\¬ tem-tb-gvkv, eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv ¢n-

\n-°p-I-fn-se Aw-Kßƒ, ]-©mb-Øv sa-º¿-am¿, \n-b-a-hn-Zym¿-∞nIƒ, a‰p

PLV˛Iƒ F-∂n-h¿-°v {]-tXy-I ]-cn-io-e-\ ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-

Iƒ \-S-ØWw.

8) Zm-cn-{Zy- \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS B-\p-Iqeyw e- n-°m-\m-bn \¬-Ip-∂

\n-b-a-k-lm-b-ßƒ

Zm-cn{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS B-\p-Iqey-ßƒ tX-Sp-∂ F√m Kp-W-

t`m-‡m-°ƒ-°pw B-h-iyam-b \n-b-a-k-lm-bw \-ev-tI-≠-Xp≠v. eo-K¬ k¿-

hokkv Hm- o-k¿-amcpw thm-f‚n-tb-gvkpw \-ev-Ip-∂ CØ-cw \n-b-a-k-lm-

b-ßƒ Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

1) ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS Kp-W-t`m-‡m°-sf A¿-lam-b F√m Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-

Xn-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw A-h-cp-sS B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bpw A-dn-bn-°p-I.

2) kv-Io-an-s‚ Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hn-\v B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- n-°m≥ B-h-iyam-b tc-

J-Iƒ ti-J-cn-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p-I.

3) Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-\m-bn k-ao-]n-t°-≠ \n-bp-

‡m-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsStbm D-tZym-K-ÿ-cp-sStbm t]-cpw, A-{Ukpw Kp-W-t`m-

‡m-hn-s\ A-dn-bn-°pI.

4) Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-tfm-sSm-∏w G-sX-¶n-epw PLV-sbtbm eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv

¢n-\n-°p-I-fn¬ \n-∂p-≈ Aw-K-ß-sftbm ta¬-∏-d-™ Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\

]-≤-Xn-I-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- Hm- o-kn-tet°m A-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sS A-Sp-tØ-

t°m A-b-bv-°m-\p-≈ k∂-≤-X {]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

5) CØ-cw ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-°p-I-bpw A¿-lam-

b B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e- n-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂ D-tZym-K-

ÿ¿-s°-X-cnsc PLV˛bp-sS A-Sp-tØm eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k-dp-sS

A-SptØm ]-cm-Xn c-Pn-Ã¿ sN-øm-\p-≈ kzm-X-{¥y-ap-s≠-∂v Kp-W-t`m-‡m-

hn-se A-dn-bn-°p-I.

6) ta¬-∏-d-™ X-c-Øn¬ \¬In-b ]-cm-Xn-I-fp-sS sd-t°m¿-Uv kq-£n-°p-I.

7) Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°ƒ-°v eoK¬ Hm- o-k-dp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-Sm≥ t^m¨ \-º¿

D-≈ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ A-Xp \¬-Ip-Ibpw tPm-en k-ab-Øv Kp-W-t`m-‡m-

°ƒ-°v t^m¨ tIm-fp-Iƒ h-gn eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv Hm- o-k-dp-am-bn _-‘-

s∏-Sm-\p-≈ A-hk-cw \-¬-Ip-Ibpw th-Ww.

77

9) ]-cm-Xn-I-fp-sS ta¬ eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿-am¿ kzo-I-cn-t°-≠ \-

S-]-Sn-Iƒ

1) 8˛mw h-Ip-∏nse 5˛mw D-]-h-Ip-∏n¬ ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂ X-c-Øn-ep-≈ ]-cm-Xn-

Iƒ e- n-°p-∂ ]-£w, eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿ ]-cm-Xn-°m-c\m-b Kp-

W-t`m-‡m-hn-t\m-sSm-∏w \n-bp-‡ Hm- o-k-dpsStbm A-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sS-tbm

Hm- o-kn-te-°v t]m-hp-I-bpw A¿-lam-b B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥

B hy-‡n-sb k-lm-bn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

2) \n-bp-‡ A-[n-Imcntbm D-tZymK-ÿ-t\m, ]-cm-Xn-°m-c-\m-b Kp-W-t`m-‡m-

hn-s\ ]≤Xnbn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ \n-c- n-°p-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ eo-K¬

k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿ Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-°v ]-cm-Xn k-a¿-∏n-°Ww. Cu ]-

cm-Xn-bn¬ ta¬-∏-d-™ D-tZymÿ-s‚ s]-cp-am-‰-sØ-∏-‰n-bpw kv-Io-an-s‚ B-

\p-Iqeyw \n-c-kn-® km-l-N-cy-sØ-∏-‰nbpw AØ-cw \n-c-kn-°¬ B-h-iyam-

b F√m tc-J-Ifpw k-a¿-∏n-® km-l-N-cy-Øn-em-bn-cp∂pthm F-∂-Xn-s\-∏-

‰nbpw {]-Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°Ww.

10) ]-cm-Xn-Ifp-sS ta¬ Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰nbpw kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰nbpw kzo-

I-cn-t°-≠ \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ

1) CØ-cw H-cp ]-cm-Xn e- n-°p-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n Zm-cn-{Zy-

\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS B-\p-Iqeyw ]-cm-Xn-°mc-\v \¬-Im-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-s‚

Im-c-W-ßƒ hn-i-Z-am-°n-bp-≈ dn-t∏m¿- v _-‘-s∏- D-tZym-K-ÿ-\n¬ \n∂pw

B-h-iy-s∏-SWw. _-‘-s∏- D-tZym-K-ÿ≥ ]-cm-Xn-°m-c\m-b Kp-W-t`m-‡m-

hn-s\ Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-bn¬ D-ƒ-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-s\∏-‰n a-Xnbm-

b Im-c-W-ßƒ \¬-Im-Ø km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ Pn√m A-tXm-dn‰n Cu Imcyw

B Un-∏m¿- v-sa‚n-se ta-ep-tZym-Kÿ-s\ A-dn-bn-°Ww.

2) CØ-cw ta-ep-tZym-K-ÿ\pw a-Xnbm-b Im-c-W-ß-fn√m-sX ]-cm-Xn-°mc-s‚

At]-£ \n-c-kn-°p-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ Pn√m kwÿm\ A-tXm-dn-‰n C-Xv

kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-sb A-dn-bn-°Ww.

3) Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-bn¬ \n∂pw CØ-cw hnh-cw e- n-°p-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬

]-cm-Xn-°mc-s‚ B-\p-Iqeyw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m-\m-bn A-tXm-dn-‰n-°v \n-b-a-\-S-

]-Sn-Iƒ B-cw- n-°p-Itbm _-‘-s∏- Un-∏m¿- p-sa‚p-am-bn ho≠pw _-‘-

s∏-Sp-Itbm sN-ømw.

4) PLV- hgntbm eo-K¬ k¿-hok-kv ¢n-\n-°p-Iƒ hgntbm ]-cm-Xn-bp-sS ÿn-

Xn-K-Xn-I-sf∏-‰n ]-cm-Xn-°mc-s\ Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n A-dn-bn-°Ww.

78

11) kv-Io-an-s‚ Ah-tem-I\w

1) F√m eo-K¬ k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿-amcpw \n-b-a-k-lm-bw tXSn-b F√m Kp-

W-t`m-‡m-°-fp-sSbpw Im-cy-Øn¬ Xp-S¿-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw Xm-

sg-∏-d-bp-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ sd-t°m¿-Uv sN-øp-Ibpw thWw.

A) ]-cm-Xn-°mc-\v Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-bn¬ c-Pn-Ã¿ sN-øm\pw B-

\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ t\-Sm\pw km-[n®pthm F-∂Xpw

B) c-Pn-kv-‰¿ sN-øm\pw B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m\pw Kp-W-t`m-‡m-

°ƒ t\-cn- {]-iv-\-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw

2) 1˛mw D-]-h-Ip-∏n¬ ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂ co-Xn-bn¬ AX-Xp Pn√-bn-se eo-K¬

k¿-hokkv Hm- o-k¿-am¿ sd-t°m¿-Uv sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂ Im-cy-ß-sf√mw kam-

l-cn®v Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n, AØ-cw \n-co-£-W-ß-fp-sS H-cp tIm-∏n F√m

B-dp am-k-Ønepw kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n-°v A-b®p-sIm-Sp-°Ww.

3) Pn√m A-tXm-dn-‰n-I-fn¬ \n∂pw ta¬-∏-d-™ co-Xn-bn¬ e- n-°p-∂ \n-co-£-

W-ß-fp-sS tIm-∏n-Iƒ kwÿm-\ A-tXm-dn-‰n kam-l-cn-°p-Ibpw B-dp am-

kØn-sem-cn°¬ Cu kvIow -e-{]-Zhpw {]-m-h¿-Øn-I-hpamtWm F-∂v

]p\-]-cn-tim-[\ sN-øm≥ H-cp ao-‰nw-Kv \-S-Øp-Ibpw thWw. Cu ao-‰nw-Kn-

s‚ an-\n-‰v-kv X-bm-dm°n Hu-tZymKn-I tc-J-bm-°n kq-£n-°p-Ibpw thWw.

4) 3˛mw D-]-h-Ip-∏-\p-k-cn-®v CØ-cw ao-‰nw-Kp-I-fn¬ G-sX-¶nepw Zm-cn-{Zy-\n¿-

am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°v G-sX-¶nepw X-c-Øn-ep-≈ \q-\-X-Iƒ kwÿm\

AtXm-dn‰n I-s≠-Øp-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ AØ-cw \yq-\-XI-sf tI-{μ˛kw-

ÿm-\ K-h -sa‚p-I-fp-sS {i-≤-bn¬ sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bpw B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ

t\-Sm≥ _p-≤n-ap- p-≈ CØ-cw ]-≤-XnI-sf Aß-s\ sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw

-e-{]-Z-am-bn \-S-∏n¬ h-cp-Øp-Ibpw sN-tø-≠-Xm-Wv.

79

tKm{Xh¿§ AhImi kwc£WØn\pw

\n¿ΔlWØn\pap≈ NALSAbpsS

]≤-Xn, 2015.

80

81

tKm{X-h¿§ Ah-Imi kwc-£-WØn\pw \n¿Δ-l-W-

Øn\pap≈ NALSAbpsS ]≤-Xn, 2015.

]›m-Øew

2011 se sk≥kkv {]Imcw C¥y-bnse BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ß-fpsS (sj-

UyqƒUv ss{S_vkv) P\-kwJy 10,42,81,034 Bbn Xn -s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv

cmPysØ BsI P\-kwJybpsS 8.6% BWv. C¥y-bnse tKm{X-h¿§ hn`m-K-

ßƒ H∂n-t\m-sSm∂v hf-sc-b-[nIw hyXy-kvXhpw hn`n-∂-hp-am-Wv.

kwkmc mj, P\-kw-Jy-bpsS hep-∏w, Pohn-X-coXn F∂n-h-bpsS Imcy-

Øn¬ hnhn[ tKm{X-ßƒ XΩn¬ {]I-S-amb hyXymkw ImWm-\m-Ipw. 2011 se

sk≥kkv {]Imcw 705 hn`m-K-ß-sf-bmWv ]´nI h¿§ (sj-UyqƒUv ss{S_v)

hn`m-K-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

hS°p Ing-°≥ kwÿm-\-ß-fnse hnhn[ {]hn-iy-Iƒ hyXy-kvX-X-

bm¿∂-hbpw Hcp-t]m-se-b-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. GI-tZiw 220 Hmfw h¿§-ßfpw A{X-

Xs∂ mj-Ifpw D] - m-j-Ifpw ChnsS ImWm-\m-Ipw. Chsb Sn_t‰m _¿a≥,

tam - -sJ-a¿, C≥tUm bqtdm-]y≥ F∂n-ßs\{][m-\ambpw 3 hn`mKß-fmbn

Xncn-°mw.

BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ßƒ°nS-bn¬X-s∂-bp≈ Nne {]tXyI hn`m-Kßsf

{]tXyI Zp¿_e-hn- m-K-ßƒ F∂ \nebn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (Particu-

larly Vulnerable Tribe Groups AYhm PVTGs) Ch BZyw Adn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂Xv

]pcm-X\BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ßƒ F∂ t]cn-em-bn-cp-∂p. BZnhm-kn-hn- m-K-ßƒ°n-

S-bn¬Xs∂ Ch-°p≈ ]nt∂m-°m-h-ÿbpw Zp¿_-eXbpw ]cn-K-Wn-®mWv CØ-

c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Xcw-Xn-cnhv hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

PVTGs hn`m-K-Øn¬ Ct∏mƒ 75 BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ß-sf-bmWv Dƒs∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Chsb Xmsg-∏-d-™n-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-X-I-fpsS t]cn-emWv

th¿Xn-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

1) D]-Po-h-\-Øn-\mbn h\sØ B{i-bn-°p∂ hn`m-K-ßƒ

2) Irjn-co-Xn-bpsS Bcw- -Øn\p ap≥]p≈ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-

∂-h¿

3) \n›-e-amb As√-¶n¬ At[m-∑p-J-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ P\-kw-Jy-

bp≈ hn`m-K-ßƒ

82

4) Xmgv∂ km£-c-X-bp≈ hn`m-K-ßƒ.

5) k_vkn-Ã≥kv t_kvUv C°-tWm-an.

2001 se sk≥kkv {]Imcw \ne-hn-ep≈ 75 PVTGs hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ BsI

IqSn-bp≈ P\-kwJy 27,68,322 BWv. PVTGs hn`m-K-Ønse qcn- mKw P\-ßfpw

alm-cm-jv{S, a[y-{]-tZ-iv, OØo-kvK-Uv, Pm¿J-≠v, HUo-j, B{‘m{]tZ-iv, Xan-

gv\mSv F∂o 6 kwÿm-\-ß-fn-em-bmWv A[n-h-kn-°p-∂Xv. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS

CS-bnse PVTGs hn`m-Kßƒ°v Ah-cpsS Ah-i-Xsb ap≥\n¿Øn {]tXyI

]cn-K-W\ \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v ap≥]phsc-bp≈ Ime-L- -Øn¬ BZnhmkn tKm{Xhn`m-

K-ßƒ apJy-[m-c-bn¬ \n∂v AI∂v \n¬°p-Ibpw F∂m¬ kzbw-]-cym-]vX-

amb ]cp-°≥ h\-Po-hnXw \bn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. tImf\n `cW

kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ C¥y-bnse BZn-hm-kn-I-tfmSv kwh-Zn-®n-cp-∂Xv tkz—m-[n-]-

Xy-]-chpw F∂m¬ NqjWw sNøp∂ coXn-bn-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p. tImf\n `c-Ww

Chsc apJy-[m-c-bp-ambn ka-\z-bn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ X¬]-c-e-√m-bn-cp∂p. BZn-hm-

kn-Iƒ apJy-[m-c-bn¬ \n-∂-I∂v H‰-s∏´p \n¬°p-∂-Xn-\mWv tImf-\n - -cWw

C—n-®-Xv.

F∂m¬ kzmX-{¥y-e-_v[n°p tijw C¥y≥ c-W-L-S\BZn-hmkn hn`m-

K-ßƒ°v {]tXyI ]cn-KW\ \¬Ip-∂- X-c-Øn¬ ]e hyh-ÿ-Ifpw Gs‰-

SpØv Dƒs°m-≈n-°p-Ibpw ]m¿e-sa‚ v apJm-¥ncw BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ß-fpsS

kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-ßfpw Ch-cpsS Xm¬]cy kwc-£-W-Øn-

\mbp≈ a‰p -\-S-]SnIfpw ssIs°m-≠p. C¥y-bpsS πm\nwKv IΩo-j≥ AXns‚

hnI-k-\-]-c-amb D]-{I-a-ßƒ apJm-¥ncw ss{S_¬ k_v πm≥kv (TSP)

At{]m®n\v XpS°-an-Sp-Ibpw ]©m-bØv (F-IvÃ≥j≥ Sp sjUyqƒUv Gcn-bm-

kv) \nbaw 1996 (PESA)°p Iogn¬ ]©m-bØncmPv ÿm]-\-ßƒ BZn-hm-kn-

t£aw e£y-am°n {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS kmaq-lnI kmº-ØnI Ah-ÿ-Iƒ sa®-s∏-Sp-Øm-

\p≈ C{X-b-[nIw ]cn-{i-a-ßƒ D≠mbn F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]ń-I-h¿§ hn`m-K-

Øn¬s∏- -bm-fp-I-fpsS Pohn-X-coXn C∂pw ]m¿iz-h¬Ir-X-am-bn-Øs∂ \ne-

\n¬°p-∂p. ChnsS hfsc `mKn-I-amb Hcp sa®-s∏-S-ent\hgn-bp-≠mbn´p≈q.

a‰p P\-hn- m-K-ßsf At]-£n®v ]ń-I-h¿§ hn`m-K-Øns‚ lyqa≥ sUh-e-

∏vsa‚ v C≥UIvkv AYhm HDI hf-sc-b-[nIw Xmsg-bm-Wv. km£-c-X -\n-c-°n-

ep≈ hnShv hfsc hep-Xm-Wv. a‰p P\-hn- m-K-ßsf At]-£n®v IqSp-Xepw

]ńIh¿§ IpSpw-_-ßƒ Zmcn{Z tcJbv°v Xmsg-bmWv \n¬°p-∂-Xv. BZn-hmkn

hn`m-K-ßƒ°v {]tXyI dnk¿th-j≥ hyhÿ (tPm-en-bn-epw, ]T-\-Øn-epw)

83

\ne-\n¬°p-∂p-sh-∂n-cp-∂mepw Kh¨sa‚ v tPmen-I-fn¬ XpS-cp∂ BZn-hm-kn-

I-fpsS iX-am-\hpw Ch-cpsS BsI P\-kw-Jybpw Xń®p t\m°n-bm¬ Hcp

henb hyXymkw Xs∂ ImWm-\m-Ipw. a‰p P\-hn- m-K-ßsf At]-£n®v Ch-

cpsS Ahÿ hfsc ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-am-sW∂pw AXn-th-K-Øn¬ hf-cp∂ kº-Zv

hy-h-ÿ-bpsS KpW-t`m-‡m-°-fm-hmt\m Ah-k-c-ßƒ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Ømt\m

D≈ Ah-ÿ-bn-te°v BZn-hmkn kaqlw hnI-kn-®n- n√ F∂Xpw Hcp hkvXp-

X-bm-Wv.

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv NALSA BZn-hm-kn hn- m-K-ßƒ°mbn Hcp ]≤-

Xn-bpsS cq]o-I-c-WØns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xsb ]‰n Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv.

BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS {]iv\-ßƒ ]Tn®v CXn-\p-th≠n \n¿t±-i-ßƒ ka¿∏n-

°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Hcp IΩn‰n D≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. 09˛08˛2015 temI BZn-hmkn Zn\m-

tLm-j- th-f-bn¬ Cu IΩn‰n {]kvXpX hnj-bsØ kw_-‘n® hfsc ka-{K-

amb Hcp dnt∏m¿´v _lp-am\y NALSA FIvkn-Iyq- ohv sNb¿am≥ apºmsI

ka¿∏n-®p. \ne-hn-ep≈ kvIow Cu dnt∏m¿ńs‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv cq]o-Ir-

X-am-b-Xv.

Cu ]≤-Xn°v tKm{X-h¿§ Ah-Imi kwc-£-W-Øn\pw \n¿Δ-l-W-Øn-

\p-ap≈ NALSAbpsS ]≤Xn,2015 F∂ t]cv \¬Inbn- p-≠v.

e£y-ßƒ

C¥y-bnse BZn-hmkn P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ°v \oXn-e- yX Dd-∏m-°pI F∂-

XmWv Cu ]≤XnbpsS e£yw. \oXn-e- yX F∂Xv AXns‚ F√m A¿∞-

Ønepw BWv. AXm-bXv Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS e`y-X, B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ, \nb-a-k-

lm-bw, a‰p \nba tkh-\-ßƒ apX-em-bh Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p. Bb-Xn-\m¬ cW-

L-S\ A\p-im-kn-°p∂ kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw cmjv{So-b-]-c-hp-amb

\oXn A¿∞-h-Ømb coXn-bn¬ cmPysØ BZn-hmkn kaq-l-Øn\v A\p- h

e`y-am-Ip-∂p.

BZnhmkn hn`m-K-Øn\v {]tXy-I-ambn Nne \nb-am-h-Im-i-ßƒ \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂p.

˛ ]ń-I-h¿§ hn`m-K-ßfpw a‰p ]c-º-cm-KX h\-hm-kn-Ifpw (sd-°-vKv\o

j≥ Hm^v t^mdÃv ssd‰vkv) \nbaw, 2006 (FRA)

˛ ]ń-I-PmXn ]ń-I-h¿§ (]o-U\\ntcm-[-\w) \nbaw, 1989

˛ Ipń-Iƒ°v km¿Δ-{Xo-Ihpw kuP-\y-hp-amb hnZym- ym-k-Øn-\p≈

84

\nbaw, 2009.

˛ \ymb-amb \jvS-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\pw qan Gs‰-Sp-°-enepw ]p\-ÿm-]-\-

-]p-\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn-ep≈ kpXm-cy-X-bp-sSbpw Ah-Imi \nbaw, 2013

˛ (F-IvÃ≥j≥ Sq sjUyqƒUv Gcn-bm-kv) \nbaw 1996˛ (PESA)bpw

˛ C¥y≥ c-W-L-S-\-bpsS A©v Bdv sjUyq-fp-I-fpw.

Cu hIp∏pI-fpsS IWn-i-amb \n¿Δ-lWw \S-∂n-s√-¶n¬ CXv BZn-hm-

kn-I-fpsS Ah-Imi ewL-\-Øn¬ Iem-in-°pw. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ \nba ewL-\-

ß-fmWv BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ß-fpsS ]m¿iz-h¬°-c-W-Øn\v {][m\Imc-Ww.

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ \nb-a-]-c-amb Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS ewL\w \S-Øm-Xn-cn-

°pI, XS-bpI F∂-XmWv Cu ]≤XnbpsS e£yw.

tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n (ku-P-\yhpw ]cym-]vX-hp-amb \nba

tkh-\-ßƒ) \nb-{¥Ww 2010, tZiob \nba tkh\ AtXm-dn‰n (\n-ba tkh\

¢n\n-°p-Iƒ) \nb-{¥Ww 2011, ]mcm eoK¬ thmf-≠n-tbgvkv (]-cn-jv°-cn-®-Xv)

(NALSA) kvIow. IqSmsX PLV s{Sbn-\nw-Kn-\m-bp≈ Hmdn-b-t‚-j≥˛ C≥U-£≥

˛ dn{ -j¿ tImgvkp-Iƒ. F∂n-h-bn¬ \n¿Δ-Nn-®n-cn-°p∂ {]Imcw Xs∂-bmWv

PLVIƒ, \nba tkh\ ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ, {^≠v Hm^o-kv, ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿ apX-

em-b-h-bpsS A¿∞w I¬∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

`mKw 1: BZn-hmkn P\-hn- m-K-ß-fpsS {]iv\-ßƒ Hcp s]mXp Ah-tem-I-\w.

A. Ffp-∏-Øn¬ hiw-h-Z-cm-Im-hp∂ Ah-ÿ.

1. BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ßƒ°n-S-bnse \nc-£-cX Hcp {][m\ {]iv\-am-Wv. CXp-

aqew BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS \nb-a-]-camb Ah-Im-i-ß-sf-∏‰n Adn-bmsX

t]mIp-∂p. am{X-a√ Ch-cpsS D∂-a-\-Øn\pw t£a-Øn-\p-ambn k¿°m¿

apJm-¥ncw sIm≠p-h-∂n- p≈ ]≤-Xn-Isf]-‰nbpw Ch¿°v Adnhv e`n-

°msX t]mIp-∂p.CXp-aqew Ch-cpsS `mK-Øp-\n-∂p≈ ]¶m-fnØw Ipd-

bp-∂-Xn\pw CXv -Im-c-W-am-Ip∂p.

2. {]iv\-ßƒ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn k¿°m¿ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n- p≈ hnhn[

]≤Xn-Iƒ \S-∏n-em-°m-Xn-cn-°¬ F∂-XmWv as‰mc kp{][m\ hnj-bw.

F∂n-cp-∂mepw BZn-hmkn taJ-e-bn¬ ]cn-io-e\w kn≤n® sXmgn-em-fn-I-

fpsS A`mhw aqe-amWv BZn-hmkn t£a-Øn-\m-bp≈ \s√mcp iX-am\w

]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw \S-°msX t]mIp-∂-Xv.

85

3. a[y- mKw apX¬ C¥y-bpsS hS-°p-In-g°v {]tZiw hsc-bp≈ q{]-tZ-iØv

\S-°p∂ FÆ-a‰ kmbp-[ -t]m-cm- -ßƒ \nb-a-]-chpw `c-W-]-c-hp-amb

kwhn-[m-\-ßsf kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw BZn-hm-kn-Isf XSbpIbpw

{]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb ]≤Xn-IfpsS \S-Øn-∏ns\ {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw.

4. kao] h¿j-ß-fn¬ t]meokpw ]m¿e-sa‚dn t^mgvkp-Ifpw tN¿∂v BZn-

hm-kn -ta-J-e-I-fn¬ Kpcp-X-c-amb a\p-jym-h-Imi ewL-\-ßƒ (hymP G‰p-

ap- -ep-Iƒ, am\- w-K-ßƒ F∂nh Dƒs∏sS) \S-Øn-b-Xn\v Ip‰m-tcm-]n-X-cm-

Wv.

5. amthm-bn-Ãp-Iƒ F∂m-tcm-]n-°-s∏ v Iptd-b-[nIw BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ Pbn-en-

e-S-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Nm¿Pv jo‰n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØmsX BZn-hm-kn-Isf

Znh-k-ß-tfmfw Pbn-en-e-S-®-Xmb tIkp-Ifpw \ne-hn-ep-≠v. Btcm-]n-°-

s∏´ Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ Kuc-h-ap-≈-Xm-I-bm¬ (DZm: C¥y-s°-Xnsc bp≤w

Cf-°n-hn-Sp-I, cmPy-t{Zm-lw) Ch¿°v Pmayhpw e`n-°p-∂n-√.

6. \nb-a-cm-lnXyw aqew BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ t¢in-°p-s∂-¶nepw tImS-Xn-bpsS

]cn-Nn-X-a-√mØ \oXn-\ymb apd-Ifpw \S-]-Sn -{I-a-ßfpw aqew Ch¿ b-N-

In-X-cm-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ]ń-I-PmXn ]ń-I-h¿§ ]oV-\-\n-tcm-[\\nbaw,

1989 t]mep≈ \nb-a-ßƒ Xß-fpsS kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn \nesIm≈p∂n√

F∂-h¿ IcpXp-∂p.

7. k¿°m¿ \S-Øp∂ t£a ]≤-Xn-Isf kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ IpSn-tb‰w \S-

Øp∂ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v hnjaw t\cn-Sp-∂p. Nne-scms° Xosc

k¿°mcns\ kao-]n-°m-\m-hmØ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv.

8. PVTGIfpsS A]-cnjv-Ir-X-Øz-sØ-∏-‰nbpw ]nt∂m-°m-h-ÿ-sb-∏‰nbpw

[mcmfw ap≥hn-[n-Ifpw Dulm-t]m-l-ßfpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. BZn-hmkn

]nt∂m-°m-h-ÿ-, {]mIr-Xm-hÿ, Cu kap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS kwkvIm-cw, ]mc-

ºcyw F∂nhsb°pdn-®p≈ A\p-am-\-ßƒ Kh¨sa‚ v t_mUn-Iƒ shSn-

bpI F∂Xv AXn-{]-[m-\-amWv.

9. an°-hmdpw PVTGIfpw ]ń-I-h¿§-hn- m-K-ßfpw (STs) h\-hm-kn-I-fmWv

Ch¿ h\ -hn- -h-ßsf B{i-bn-®mWv Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. Ch-cpsS Bhmk -

taJ-e-bn¬ Gsd {]tZ-i-ß-fpw ]e-t∏m-gmbn dnk¿hvUv t^md-Ãv, kwc-

£n-X-h-\- taJe F∂n-ßs\{]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. X∑qew Ch¿ \jvS-]-

cn-lm-c-at\y IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-ens‚ oXn-bn-em-Wv.

10. PVTGbpsS KW-Øn¬s∏-Sp∂ F√m hn`m-K-ßƒ°pw ]ń-I-h¿§- hn- m-K-

86

Øns‚ ]cn-K-W \e`n-°p-∂n-√. X∑qew Cu hn`m-K-ß-fpsS Ahÿ hfsc

]cp-ß-en-em-Wv. Ch-cpsS ]nt∂m-°m-h-ÿsb CXv h¿≤n-∏n-°p∂p. Ch°v

A©masØ sjUyq-fn¬ ]d-bp∂ kwc-£-Whpw Ah-Im-i-ßfpw, ]©m-

bØv (F-IvÃ≥j≥ Sp sjUyq-ƒUv Gcnbmkv) \nbaw, 1996 {]Im-c-ap≈

kwc-£-Whpw e`n-°p-∂n-√.

11. t^mdÃv Un∏m¿ vsa‚ v ChcpsS IpSn-∏m¿∏v Ah-Im-i-ßƒ (Habitat rights)

icn-bmw-hÆw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xp-h-sctbm As√-¶n¬ Cu Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS

Hcp hy‡-amb \n¿Δ-N\w D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sctbm PVTGIƒ°mbp≈

FRAbpsS \S-Øn∏v timN-\o-b-am-Wv. PVTGIfpsS Ah-Im-i-kw-c-£-WØn-

\m-bn hIp-∏p-I-fpsS \S-Øn∏v {][m-\-ambpw FRA°p Iogn¬ e`y-am-bn-

´p≈ IpSn-∏m¿∏v Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS (Habitat rights) \S-Øn-∏ns\]‰n

tZio-b-X-e-Øn-ep≈ bmsXmcp hnh-c-ßfpw kam-l-cn-®n- p-≈-X-√. As√-

¶n¬ Ah e`y-am-°n-bn- n-√.

12. hS-°p-In-g-°≥ kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ Gdn-b- m-Khpw q´m≥, ssN\, aym≥am¿,

_w•m-tZiv apX-emb Ab¬cm-Py-ß-fp-ambn A¥mcmjv{S AXn¿Øn ]¶n-

Sp-∂-h-bm-Wv. X≥aqew t{Imkv t_m¿U¿ Xo{h-hm-Z-Øn\v CXv hf-°q-

dp≈ aÆm-bn-am-dp-∂p. IqSmsX ab-°p-a-cp-∂v, I≈-°-S-Øv, Bbp-[-I-≈-

°-S-Øv, \pg-™p-I-b‰w apX-em-b-hbpw henb tXmXn¬ \S-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p.

13. as‰mcp {][m\ {]iv\-amWv a\p-jy-°-S-Øv. B m-an¬\n∂pw C¥y-bpsS

a≤y- m-K-Øp-\n-∂p-ap≈ BZnhm-kn-I-fmWv a\p-jy-°-S-Øn\v A[n-Ihpw

Cc-bm-hp-∂-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

14. ASp-Ø-bn-S-°p-hsc sePn-t…-®¿, FIvkn-Iyq- ohv Ch XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cnhv

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Chn-SpsØ as‰mcp {]iv\w. Bdmw

sjUyqƒ {]Im-c-amWv IÃ-adn \nb-a-ßƒ AYhm amaq¬ {]Im-c-ap≈

\nb-a-ßƒ ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv am{X-a√ Ch GIo-Ir-X-hpa√.

15. Iem-]-ßfpw \nb-a -{I-a-k-am-[m\ {]iv\-ßfpw aqew hS-°p-In-g-°≥

kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ Bfp-Iƒ°v `c-W-hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ hnizm-k-an-√m-Xm-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. X∑qew P\-ßƒ \nbaw ssItø-dp∂ Ahÿ hfsc IqSp-X-emWv.

CXv ]e-t∏mgpw A]-I-S-I-c-amb coXn-bn-ep-amWv Ip‰m-tcm-]n-X-\mb hy‡n-

bpsS hoSv XI¿°p-I, Cbm-fpsS IpSpw-_-ßsf D]-{Z-hn-°p-Itbm {`jvSv

I¬∏n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂Xv hgn IqSp-X¬ kmaq-lnI {]iv\-ßƒ°v hgn-

sX-fn-°p-∂p. tcKn-Iƒ°v NnIn’ \¬In-bn√ F∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ Bip-

]-{Xn-Iƒ XI¿°p-Ibpw tUmIvS¿amsc D]-{Z-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX kw -h-

87

ßƒ hsc \ne-hn¬ dnt∏m¿´v sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

16. hnZqc {]tZ-i-ß-fn-sebpw {Kma-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-sebpw \s√mcp hn`mKw BZn-

hmknIfpw a{¥-hm-Z-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-°m-Wp∂p.

17. BZn-hm-kn-I-tfmSv am\y-amb coXn-bn¬ s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw CS-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNøm-

Ø-Xn-\m¬ Xs∂ Ah¿ hf-sc-b-[nIw AI-‰n-\n¿Ø-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-

em-Wv. DZm: B≥Uam≥ Zzo]nse Pch hn`m-K-Øn-ep≈ BZn-hm-kn-Isf

arK-Xp-ey-cm-bmWv hnt\m-Z-k-©m-cn-Iƒ IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. Chsc Ipc-ß≥am-

sc-t∏m-setbm arK-ß-sf-t∏m-setbm IW-°m°n ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw D]-

{Z-hn-°p-Ibpw,sNøp-Ibpw Ch-cpsS tZjy-tØm-sS-bp≈ {]Xn-I-cWw I≠v

D√-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. _kvX¿ taJ-e-bnepw ap≥Im-e-ß-fn¬ CØcw

kw -h-ßƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw IqSp-X-embncp-∂p. ChnsS kwkvImc kw_-‘-

ambn BNm-c-ßfpw Iogvhg-°-ßfpw Xosc Xncn-®-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√.

B. `qan kw_-‘-amb {]iv\-ßƒ

1. h\w, ]¿Δ-X-ßƒ F∂nh H -\-h[n BZn-hm-knhn`m-K-ß-fpsS khn -

ti-j-X-bm-Wv. Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂p thWw \n¿_-‘nX IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-

°¬, h\-Øn-te-°p≈ {]th-i\w \ntcm-[n-°¬ F∂nh aqe-ap≈ BZn-

hmkn Pohn-X-ß-fpsS [zwk-\sØ a\- n-em-°m≥. IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°¬ \S-

Øp-∂Xv {][m-\-ambpw c≠p coXn-bn-em-Wv. {]Xy-£-amb IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-

°¬ \S-°p-∂Xv BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS `qan, Bhmk hyh-ÿ, D]-Po-h-\w,

cmjv{Sob hyh-ÿ, kwkvIm-cw, aqeyw, Ah-cpsS hy‡nXzw F∂nh A]-

l-cn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v hnI-k-\hpw Ah-Im-i-ßfpw \ntj-

[n-®p-sIm≠v \S-Øp-∂-XmWv ]tcm-£-am-b-Xv.

2. ]p\-ÿm-]-\˛]p\-c-[n-hmk (R&R) t{]m{Km-ap-I-fn¬ \s√mcp hn`mKw

IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-s∏´ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°pw `qan XncnsI \¬In-bn- n-√mØ-

Xm-Ip-∂p. hfsc Xp—-amb coXn-bnte D]-Po-h-\-Øns‚ ]p\:kwL-S\\S-

∂n- p-≈q. an°-hmdpw F√m R&R tImf-\n-I-fnepw s]mXp-P\ BtcmKy

kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ, kwc-£nX IpSn-sh-≈w,hn]-W-\w, hnZym-e-b-ßƒ, KXm-

KX kuI-cy-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-bpsS A`mhw {]_-e-am-Wv.

3. h\sØ B{i-bn®v £-W-Øn-\mbn \S-Øn-bn-cp∂ jn v‰nwKv Iƒ´n-th-

j≥ AYhm am‰-Ir-jn, ]g-ßƒ, ]q°ƒ, sNdnb arK-ßsf th´bmSpI,

acp-∂n-\p≈ Ing-ßp-Iƒ, hoSv D≠m-°p-hm-\p≈ ssht°m¬ t]mep≈

hkvXp-°ƒ, ]c-º-cm-KX Ic-Iu-i-e-h-kvXp-°-fpsS \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pw

Iebv°pw Bh-iy-amb Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-°ƒ, hndIv hn¬°p-∂-Xp-

aqew e`n-°p∂ hcp-am-\w, Ce-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn®p≠m°p∂ ]m{X-ßƒ, ]g-

88

ßƒ apX-em-bh hfsc Hgn®p IqSm-\m-hm-Ø-Xm-Wv. IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°¬ aqe-

ap-≠m-Ip∂ CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ \jvS-ßƒ \nI-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n√. IqSmsX CXv

`£W kpc-£n-X-Xz-sØbpw _m[n-°p-∂p.

4. `qcn- mKw qanbpw h\-{]-tZ-i-Øn\p Iogn-emWv hcp-∂-Xv. hnZqc ÿe-ß-

fn-ep≈ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ A[n-Ihpw h\-Øn-\p-≈n-emWv Pohn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ch¿°v bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ah-Im-i-ßtfm Ah¿ hkn-°p∂ ÿe-

Øn-t∑ep≈ DS-a-ÿm-h-Im-itam C√. am{X-a√ Z sjUyqƒUv ss{S_vkv

B‚ v AX¿ {SUo-j-W¬ t^mdÃv sUt√zgvkv (sd°Kv\nj≥ Hm^v

t^mdÃv ssd‰vkv) \nbaw, 2006- \p Iogn¬ CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ `h-\-c-ln-X-

cmb BZn- hm-kn-I-fpsS kwc-£-W-Ønt\m Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ

\S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xnt\m D≈ aXn-bmb hIp-∏p-Iƒ C√.

5. as‰mcp {][m\{]iv\w Fs¥-∂m¬ Umap-Iƒ, h\y-Po-hnkt¶X-ßƒ

F∂n-h-bpsS \n¿ΩmWw, J-\\ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ F∂nh aqew BZn-hm-

kn-I-f-√mØ hf-sc-b-[nIw Bfp-Iƒ {]kvXpX {]tZ-isØ tPmen At\z-

jn®pw a‰p-ambn IpSn-tb-dn-∏m¿°p-∂-Xn\pw X∑qew Chn-sS-\n∂pw BZn-

hm-kn-Iƒ IpSn-bn-d-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-ÿ-bp-≠m-Ip∂-Xn\pw CS-bm-Ip-∂p.- B-

b-Xp-sIm≠v BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v hnI-k\{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS KpWw e`yam-

Ip-∂n-√.

6. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS qan IpSn-bn-d-°-en\pw, A\ym-[o-\-s∏-S-en\pw {][m-\-

amb Hcp ImcWw h¿≤n-®p-hcp∂ IS-_m-[y-X-bm-Wv. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS

IS-_m-[yX (B-Zn-hm-kn-Isf I_-fn-∏n®v AanX ]eni \nc-°n¬ hmbv]-

sb-Sp-∏n-°p-∂p) CXv ASn-a-∏Wn sNøp-∂-Xntem t_m≠Uv te_¿ sNøp-

∂-Xntem Ah-km\w BZn-hm-kn-Isf sIms≠-Øn-°p-∂p.

7. BZn-hmkn hmk-ÿ-e-ßƒ°p≈ q{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ]´nI h¿§hn`m-K-ß-

fpsS IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-¬ XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ \nb-a-]-c-a-√mØ

IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ \S-°p-tºmƒ Ch-cpsS `qan hos≠-SpØp

\¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw Bh-iy-amb \S-]-Sn-Iƒ ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xn\v {Kma-k- -

Iƒ°pw Ah-Imiw \¬Ip∂ PESA bpsS ewL\w \ap-°n-hnsS ImWm-

\m-Ipw. h\- q-an-bpsS Gs‰-Sp-°-ens\kw_‘n®v {Kma-k- sb \n¿_-‘-

ambpw kao-]n®v Ah-cpsS kΩXw t\Sn-bn-cn-°-Ww. an°-hmdpw {Kma-k- -

Iƒ IqSn-bm- tem-N-\-°mbn t\m´o-k-b-°p-Itbm As√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS

kΩXw H∏n´ t]∏-dn¬ ssI∏-‰p-Itbm sNøp-∂n√.

8. Z ssd‰v Sp s^b¿ tImº≥tk-j≥ IqSmsX {Sm≥kvs]-d≥kn C≥ em‚ v

AIz-kn-j≥, dolm-_n-en-t‰-j≥ B‚ v dosk‰n¬sa‚ v BIvS,v 2013 Ch

89

{]Imcw BZn-hm-kn-I-ƒ°v \¬Ip∂ Iqen Xp—hpw ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn¬

Ch¿°p e`y-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂ PohnX coXn-Iƒ hfsc ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-hp-amWv.

9. an° BZn-hm-kn-Ifpw qan-°p-ta-ep≈ hy‡n-KX Ah-Im-i-Øn\p ]Icw

kmap-Zm-bnI DS-a-ÿ-X-bn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. CXp-aqew qan kw_-

‘-amb hyh-lm-c-ß-fn¬ Ah-Im-isØ kw_-‘n®v tcJ-Iƒ e`y-am-hp-

I-bn-√. CXp kw_-‘n®v BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS BsI IqSn-bp≈ sXfnhv

hmsam-gn-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. CXv ÿm]n-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw {]mtbm-

KnI _p≤n-ap- p-I-fp-≠v.

C. \nb-a {]iv\-ßƒ

BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ t\cn-Sp∂ \nb-a-{]-iv\-ßƒ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂p.

(1) kwc-£nX taJ-e-bn¬ \n∂p≈ BZn-hm-kn -hn- m-K-ß-fpsS IpSn-bn-d-°-

Øn\v apºv Xs∂ Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-ßsf Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ {]{Inb ]q¿Æ-

am-bn- n-√. FRA {]Im-c-ap≈ Ch-cpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßsf ]cn-tim-[n®v Dd∏p

hcp-Øm-sXbpw HØp-Xo¿∏n¬ hcp-Øm-sX-bp-amWv BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS IpSn-

sbm-gn-∏n-°¬ \S-Øp-∂-Xv.

(2) h\w-h-Ip∏v A[n-Ir-X-cpsS FRAsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ sX‰mb A\p-am-\-

ßƒ aqew BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS ewL-\-Øn¬

Iem-in-°p-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v FRAbnse hIp∏v 4(2) \v hncp-≤-ambn

FRAbpsS Iogn¬ hcp∂ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ kwc-£nX taJ-e-I-fn¬ (PAs)

_m[-I-a-√. AXn-\m¬ FRA ssSK¿ dnk¿hn¬ _m[-I-a√ F∂v Nne

h\w hIp-∏p-I-fn-se-sb-¶nepw DtZym-K-ÿ¿°v anYy-[m-c-W-bp-≠v.

(3) hmk-ÿ-esØ kw_-‘n® Ah-Im-i-ßƒ (Habitat rights) °p th≠n

hmZn-°p∂ BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´v Db¿∂p hcp∂ Nne

{]iv\-ßƒ:˛

• hmk-ÿ-esØ kw_‘n® Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏ v CXns‚ hy‡-

amb \n¿Δ-N-\, hni-Zo-I-cWw {]kvXpX Ah-Im-i-ßƒ F¥n-\p-th≠n

\ne-sIm-≈p∂p F∂p-ap≈ Imcy-Øn¬ hy‡-X-bn-√m-bva.

• hmk-ÿ-esØ kv_‘n® Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS hyXykvX \n¿Δ-N-\-ßfpw

{]tXy-In®v a‰p-≈-h-cpsS D]-tbmK Ah-Im-i-ßfpw (PVTG {Kq∏p-Iƒ

A√mØ Bfp-Iƒ Htc q{]-tZ-i-Øp-h-kn-°p-tºmƒ).

• Ah-Im-i-ßƒ i‡-ambn D∂-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ hyh-ÿ-Isf∏‰n-bp≈ BZn-

hmkn kaq-l-ß-fpsS Adn-hn-√m-bva.

90

• PVTGs s‚ ]c-º-cm-KX hmk-ÿ-e-ßƒ h\y-arK hmk-ÿ-e-ß-fn-te-°v

hym-]n®pw InS°p∂p

(4) FRAbn¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ D∂-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ {]{In-

b, ]cn-tim-[n®v Dd∏p hcp-Ø¬, CXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ a‰p \nb-a-ßƒ

Chsb kw_-‘n®v kv{XoIƒ°n-S-bn¬ t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v

hfsc Ipd™ {ia-ßtf \S-°p-∂p-≈q.

(5) aXn-bmb ImcWw hy‡-am-°m-sX-tbm, a‰p- ]-c-º-cm-KX h\-hm-kn-Iƒ

(OTFD) F∂ \n¿h-N\w sX‰mbn hymJym-\nt®m, Un∏‚≥kvhyhÿ

aqetam, As√-¶n¬ aXn-bmb sXfn-hp-Iƒ C√m-Ø-Xn-\m-tem, GPS k¿tΔ-

bpsS A`mhw aqetam (]cm-Xn-Iƒ XncnsI Iog-[n-Im-cn-I-fn-te°v am{X-

ambn hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv \S-]-Sn-{I-a-Ønse \yq\X-bmWv) As√-¶n¬ h\-

`qan h\- q-an-bmbn IW-°m-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm As√-¶n¬ h\ kº-‘-amb

Ipsd IrXy-ß-fpsS IW-°p-Iƒ am{Xw sXfn-hmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-Itbm

sNbvXv FRA {]Imcw BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ t_m[n-∏n-°p∂ As√-¶n¬ D∂-bn-

°p∂ ]cm-Xn-Iƒ \ntj-[n-°pI.

(6) ]cmXn As√-¶n¬ Ah-Imi-hmZw X≈n-bXv D∂-bn® hy‡nsb Adn-bn-

°m-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm A∏o¬ t]mIm\q≈ Ah-Im-i-sØ-∏‰n Ahsc Adn-

bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-tbm, AXn-\p-th≠ klm-b-ßƒ \¬Im-sX-bn-cn-°p-Itbm

sNøp-I. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf sNdp-Øv Xß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-

ßƒ kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-

tØ-≠Xv BhiyamWv.

(7) FRA hIp∏v 3(1)(k) {]Imcw hnI-k\t{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ°mbn \nb-a-]-c-a-

√msX IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-s∏- Xpw F∂m¬ aXn-bmb \jvS]-cn-lmcw \¬Im-

sX-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Bfp-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-kw-c-£Ww \S-∏m-°n-

bn- n-√.

(8) {Kma-k- -bp-ambn e-{]-Z-amb IqSn-°m-gvN-Iƒ \S-°msX hcn-Ibpw manse

D¬∏-∂-ß-fpsS DS-a-ÿ-Xsb kw_-‘n® AwKo-Imcw C√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-I.

a‰p \nb-a-]-c-amb {]iv\-ßƒ

1. ]I-t]m-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-en-s\-Xn-sctbm AXp-hgn hnI-

k\]≤-Xn-Iƒs°-Xn-sctbm kacw sNøp∂ Nne BZn-hmkn˛B-Zn-hmkn

CXc hy‡n-Iƒs°-Xn-tc sI´n-N-a® {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-ßƒ Npa-Øp-I. 2005

apX¬ 2012 hsc 95% tI p-Ifpw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW∂v Is≠-Øn-b-

91

Xns\XpS¿∂v Ip‰-hn-tam-N\w \¬In-bn- p-≠v.

2. lm_n-Nyp-h¬ Hm -t‚gvkv \nbaw 2000 aqew Unt\m- n-ssÛv ss{S_¬kv

AYhm ]ń-I-bn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ hnth-N\w A{I-a-w,

t]meokv {IqcX apX-em-bh CS-°nsS A\p- -hn-®p- sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

3. B‚-am≥ \nt°m-_m¿ Zzo]p-I-fnse Pmch BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ ssewKnI

NqjWw t\cn- n- p-≠v. IqSmsX BZn-hm-kn-I-fmb Bfp-I-fpsS c‡ kmºn-

fp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Adn-thm- kΩ-X-tam-Iq-Sn-b-√msX Un.F≥.-F. ]cn-tim-[-

\bv°v \¬In-bn- p-≈-Xp-am-Wv.

4. πm\nwKv IΩo-j≥ \S-Ønb Hcp ]T\w shfn-hm-°p-∂Xv 43.6% ]p\-c-[n-h-

kn-°-s∏´ \n¿_-‘nX sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw ]ń-I-h¿§ hn`m-K-°m-cmWv F∂-

Xm-Wv. an° BZn-hmkn IpSpw-_-ßfpw \n¿_-‘nX sXmgn-en¬ AI-s∏- p-

t]m-b-h-cm-Wv. CXns‚ {][m\Imc-W-ß-fmbn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

IS-_m-[y-X-Ifpw Zmcn-{Zy-hp-am-Wv.

hnZym- ym-k-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ {]iv\-ßƒ

C¥y-bnse BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ß-fpsS hnZym- ymkw ]ptcm-KXn D≠m-

bn- p≠v. F∂m¬ CXp kw_-‘n®v C∂pw Nne {]iv\-ßƒ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-

≠v. hnZym- ym-ksØ kw_-‘n® {]iv\-ßƒ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂p.

1. G‰hpw Ipd™ kuI-cy-ßƒ t]mepw C√mØ \ne-bn-emWv hen-sbmcp

hn`mKw kvIqfp-I-fpw.

2. ]cym-]vX-amb ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-ß-fpw, t]cp tN¿°-s∏´ hnZym¿∞n-I-

fpsS FÆhpw (Ãp-U‚ v F≥ tdmƒsa‚ v) Ds≠-¶n¬ t]mepw kvIqfn¬

]Xn-hp lmP¿ \ne Ipd-hm-Wv. CXn\v {][m\ ImcWw kvIpfn-te-°p≈

Zqc-Øns‚ ssZ¿Lyhpw ]ń-Wn-bp-am-Wv.

3. A≤ym-]-I¿ lmP-cm-ImØ Ah-ÿbpw hfsc IqSp-X-em-Wv.

4. ]Ømw ¢mkn¬ Ipń-I-fpsS ]T-\- \n-e-hmcw tami-hpw F∂m¬ sImgn™p-

t]m°v \nc°v Db¿∂Xp-am-Wv. CXn\v aXn-bmb Hcp hni-Zo-I-cWw

\¬tI≠n h∂m¬ AXv BZn-hmkn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v CØ-c-Øn-ep≈

hnZym- ym-k-hp-ambn HØp-t]m-Im≥ Ign-bmØ Ah-ÿ-bmWv F∂v ]d-tb-

≠n-h-cpw.

5. ChnsS \ap°v enwK-]-c-amb Hcp henb hyXymkw ImWm≥ km[n-°pw.

s]Ïp- n-I-fpsS hnZym- ym-ksØ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°m≥ enwK-k-a-Xz-Øn-

92

eq-∂n-bp≈ Hcp kmaq-lnI Iq´mbva D≠m-°n-sIm-Sp-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-amWv.

6. GsX-¶nepw BZn-hmkn Ipń-Iƒ kvIqfn¬ {]th-i\w t\Sn-bmepw Ch¿

]e coXn-bn¬ A]-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw CXp-hgn Chsc \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂ Ahÿ kwPm-X-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXv Db¿∂ sImgn™p

t]m°p-\n-c-°n\p Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. hS-°p-In-g-°≥ kwÿm-\-ßƒ CØ-c-

Øn¬ BZn-hm-kn-Ip- n-Iƒ°v A]-am-\-I-c-amb hnfn-t∏-cp-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂-

Xn¬ ap≥]-¥n-bn-em-Wv.

7. BZn-hmkn s]Ïp- n-Iƒ°m-bp≈ Xma-k- ku-I-cy-tØm-sS-bp≈ kvIqfp-

Iƒ an°-hmdpw Agn-a-Xn°v t]cp-tI- -h-bpw, kuI-cy-ßƒ Ipd-™-hbpw

th≠-hn[w A‰-Ip-‰-∏-Wn-Iƒ \S-Øm-Ø-h-bp-am-Wv. am{Xa√ ChnsS Xma-

kn®p ]Tn-°p∂ s]Ïp- n-Iƒ ssewKnI Nqj-W-Øn-\p-hsc Cc-bm-Ip-

∂p.

8. tZim-¥-c-K-a\w sNøp∂ BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ßƒ (Nomadic tribes) Hcp

ÿe-Øp-\n∂pw as‰mcp ÿe-tØ°v bm{X-sN-bvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

Cu hn`m-K-ß-fnse Ipń-Iƒ°v hnZym- ymkw e`n°msX t]mIp-∂p.

9. C¥y-bnse qcn- mKw BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-ßƒ°pw Ah-c-h-cp-tS-Xmb amXr-

`mj D≠v. F∂m¬ C¥y-bnse an° kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw HutZym-KnI

`mj-tbm, {]mtZ-inI mjtbm BWv A≤y-b-\-Øn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xv. CXv BZn-hmkn Ipń-Iƒ°v a\- n-em-°m≥ _p≤n-ap- mWv {]tXy-In®v

ss{]adn seh¬ kvIqƒ Ipń-Iƒ°v.

10. BZn-hmkn Ipń-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ A≤ym-]-I¿°v tKm{X-h¿§ kwkvIm-

chpw mj-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ CXv Ipń-bpsS ]T-\sØ IqSp-X¬

kpK-a-am-°pw. DZm-l-cWw sKm≠n, l¬_n t]mep≈ h¿§-°m-cpsS BZn-

hm-k-n`mj ]pd-Øp-\n-∂p≈ Pn√m `cWIqS- DtZym-K-ÿ°pw A≤ym-]-

I¿°pw BZn-hm-kn- mj Adn-bn-√.

11. tKm{X-hn- m-K-Øn-ep≈ Ipń-Iƒ°v AhcpsS {]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn Cgp-In-t®¿∂

Pohn-X-co-Xn-aqew apJy-[m-c-bpsS ]T-\-co-Xn-bn¬ \mepNph-cp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬

HXp-ßn-\n¬°p∂ ¢mkv apdn-bn-en-cp∂v ]Tn-°p-∂Xv Akz-ÿ-X-bp-f-hm-

°mw.

12. tKm{X-_m-e≥am¿°n-S-bnse \nc-£-c-X°v {][m-\-Im-cWw amXm-]n-.Xm-°fpw

kap-Zm-bhpw Ipń-I-fpsS ]T-\-Im-cy-Øn¬ th≠{X {i≤ sNep-Øm-ØXpw

\ne-hm-c-ap≈ kvIqfp-I-fpsS A`mhw aqe-hp-am-Wv. hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚ {]tbm-

P-\-sØ-∏‰n tKm{X-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fnse `qcn- mKw P\-ßƒ°pw th≠{X

93

t_m≤y-an-√.

BtcmKy {]iv\-ßƒ

tKm{X P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ ]e hn[-Øn-ep≈ BtcmKy {]iv\-ßƒ

t\cn-Sp-∂p-≠v.

1. tZiob Btcm-Ky-am-XrI {][m-\-ambpw tKm{X CX-c-ta-J-e-Iƒ°mbn cq]-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xm-Wv. hyXykvX hnizmk k{º-Zm-b-ßƒ, hyXykvX tcmK-

ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hyXykvX Xc-Øn-ep≈ _p≤n-ap- p-Iƒ, hyXykvX

Btcm-Ky-kw-c-£W Bh-iy-ßƒ, Btcm-Ky-]-c-amb hnhn[ tkh-\-ß-

fpsS hnX-cWw {]tXy-In®v `qan-imkv{X]c-ambn thdn´p \n¬°p-∂Xpw

hnZq-c-hp-amb ÿe-ßƒ, h\w, a‰p≈ ss\k¿KnI {]IrXn hnti-j-X-I-

fm¬ Np‰-s∏´ {]tZißƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse kmwkvIm-cn-I-ambn hyXy-

kvX-amb P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ F∂n-hsb CXv Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n√.

2. tKm{X-h¿§-{]-tZ-ißfn¬ Btcm-Ky-]m-e-\-Øn-\mbn tPmen sNøp-∂-Xn\v

]cnioe\w e`n® th≠ coXn-bn¬ k÷-hpw, k∂-≤-am-b-Xp-amb DtZym-K-

ÿ-cpsS A`m-h-amWv as‰mcp {]iv\w. CXp-aqew Btcm-Ky-]-cn-]m-e-Øn-

\mbn sl¬Øv k_v skt‚-gvkv, ]n.-F-®v.-kn.-Iƒ, kn.-F-®v.-kn.-Iƒ apX-

emb t]cn¬ sI´n-S-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw F∂m¬ Poh-\-°m-cn-√m-Ø-Xn-

\m¬ CXv {]h¿Ø-\-c- ln-Xamb Ah-ÿ-bn-ep-am-Wv. am{X-a√

CØcw ÿm]-\-ßƒ A]-cym-]vX-amb ta¬t\m- w, ]can-X-amb dnt∏m¿´nw-

Kpw, Ipd-™ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øhpw aqehpw hfsc ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-amb Ah-ÿ-

bn-emWv.

3. Poh-\-°m-cpsS kulm¿±]-c-a-√mØ s]cp-am-‰w, `mj-bpsS {]iv\-ßƒ,

ÿm]-\-Øn-te-s°-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ IqSnb Zqcw, KXm-KX kuI-cy-ß-fpsS

A`m-hw, Ipd™ km£-c-X, Btcm-Ky-]-cn- ]me\kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpsS

Ipd™ D]-tbmKw Ch aqew BZn-hm-kn-ta-J-e-I-fnse Btcm-Ky-]-cn-]m-

e\ÿm]-\-ßƒ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-ØmsX t]mIp-∂p.

4. Btcm-Ky-ta-J-e-bn¬ \bcq]o-I-c-W-Øn-epw, ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS πm\nw-Knepw

tkh-\-ß-fpsS \S-Øn-∏nepw tKm{X-h¿§-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS ]¶m-fnØw C√m-

Ø-Xn-\m¬ sX‰mb ap≥K-W-\-ItfmsS, e£y-{]m]vXn ssIh-cn-°msX

t]mIp∂p. BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ Db¿∂ aZy-]m\ioehpw ]pI-h-

enbpw Cu Zp:»o-e-ßƒ°v ASn-a-s∏-Sp∂ Ahÿ-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. CXv XS-bp-

hm-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Ifpw \b-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw AXym-h-iy-ambn \S-tØ-≠-XmWv.

6. \ne-hn-ep≈ \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-I-f-dn-bmsX tKm{X-h¿§-hn- m-K-ß-fnse \nc-£-

94

c-cmb Bfp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS BNm-c-ßsf apdp-sI-∏n-Sn-°p-∂-Xp-aqew H´p-an°

tKm{X-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fnepw _me-hn-hmlw Ct∏mgpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p.

7. tKm{X-hn- m-K-ß-fnse P\-ßƒ A[n-Ihpw Ah-cpsS BNm-c-ßsf apdpsI

]nSn-®p-sIm≠v tcmK-Nn-In-’°v Ah-cp-tS-Xmb k{º-Zm-b-Øn-ep≈ NnIn-

’-Iƒ Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂p. ]pXn-b-Im-esØ tcmK-ßƒ°p-t]mepw Ah¿

B[p-\nI NnIn’ tXSm-ØXv Db¿∂ ac-W-\n-c-°n\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.

8. Pch hn`m-K-ßƒ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-tcm-[-ti-jn-°p-d-hp-aqew _mly-amb tcmK-

ßƒ°v Ffp∏w ASn-a-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]pd-Øp-\n∂v hcp∂ k©m-cn-I-fn¬

\n∂mWv Ch¿°v CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ tcmK-ßƒ hcp-∂-Xv. tKm{X-hn- m-K-

°mcpsS kv{XoIfpw s]Ïp- n-Ifpw ssewKn-I-Nq-j-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-cm-

hp-Ibpw AXp-aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂ tcmK-ßƒ°v tKm{Xhn- m-K-°m-cn¬ NnIn¬k-

bn-√mØ Ah-ÿ-bp-amWv.

9. k¿°m-cns‚ tcmK-{]-Xn-tcm[ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ BZn-hm-kn -ta-J-e-I-fn¬ FØp-

∂n-√.

10. BZn-hmkn P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ Db¿∂ Af-hn¬ t]mj-Im-lm-c-°p-d-hp-≈-h-

cm-Wv. PVTG IfpsS hmk-ÿ-e-ßƒ hnZq-c-{]-tZ--ißfntem, tdmUvam¿§w

FØn-t®-cm≥ km[n-°m-ØtXm Bb-Xn-\m¬ £Ww hnX-cWw sNøp∂

AwK-\-hm-Sn-I-fn-te°v BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v FØn-t®-cm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. Ch-

cpsS Ducp-Iƒ hfsc Ndp-Xm-b-Xn-\m¬ Hcp AwK-\-hmSn ÿm]n-°m≥

th≠{X hep-∏-a-Xn-\n-√. CXns‚ e-ambn Ch-cpsS Ipń-Iƒ°v Kh¨sa‚ v

]≤-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ t]mj-Im-lmcw e`y-am-Ip-∂n√ F∂-XmWv hkvXp-

X.

11. arK-ßsf th -bm-Sp-∂-Xn\pw sIm√p-∂-Xn\pw FXnsc \nb-a-ßƒ sIm≠p-

h-∂-Xp-aqew ]c-º-cm-K-X-ambn arK-ßsf th -bmSn `£-W-am-°n-bn-cp∂

tKm{X-P-\-X°v £W Zu¿e- yhpw t]mjI Zu¿e- yhpw D≠m-hm≥ XpS-

ßn. F∂m¬ CØ-c-Øn¬ \nb-a-ßƒ D≠m-°n-b-t∏mƒ Ch¿°v CX-c-

am¿§-ß-sfm∂pw {]m]y-am-°n-b-Xp-an-√.

12. ip≤-P-e-Øns‚ Ae- y-Xbpw Pe-a-en-\o-I-c-Whpw BZn-hmkn taJ-e-I-fn¬

{]_-e-am-Wv. CXv Ah-cpsS Btcm-KysØ {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°p∂p.

13. A{I-a-ßfpw sIme-]m-X-I-ßfpw G¬∏n® amc-I-amb BLm-X-ß-fpsS

ê-am-bmWv am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ßƒ h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xv.

14. h-S°pIng-°≥ {]tZ-i-ßƒ t]mse Db¿∂ km£-c-X-bp≈ {]tZ-i-ß-

95

fn¬ t]mepw ]cnioe\w kn≤n® bphm-°ƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ sXmgn-en-√mbva

am\-knI hnjm-Z-Øn\pw Db¿∂ Bfl-lXy \nc-°n\pw Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.

15. ab-°p-a-cp-∂ns‚ D]-tbmKw aqe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ BtcmKy {]iv\-ß-fmb F®v.-

sF.-hn., FbvUvkv, am\-knI tcmK-ßƒ apX-em-bh hS°p Ing-°≥ kwÿm-

\-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X-embn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-p≠v. CXv “tKmƒU≥ {Sbmw-Knƒ” {]tZ-

i-ßƒ°-Sp-Øm-bn- m-Wv. sI‰m-ssa≥Uv (Ketamind), kyqtUm-s -ss{U≥

(Psuedoephedrine) apX-emb acp∂p-Iƒ CXns‚ D]-bp-‡m-°sfbpw Ah-

cpsS IpSpw-_mw-K-ßtfbpw alm-hn-]-ØnseØn°p-∂p.

D]-Po-h\w

1. B[p-\nI ]cnioe\tam, sshZ-Kv≤y-ß-tfm, hnZym- ym-ktam e`n-°m-ØXp-

aqew tKm{X-P-\X ]c-º-cm-K-X-amb sshZ-Kv≤y-sØbpw coXn-I-sfbpw D]-

Po-h-\-Øn-\mbn B{i-bn-°p-∂p. CXv Xosc BZm-b-I-c-a-√.

2. tKm{X-P-\-X-bn¬ qcn- m-Khpw qc-ln-X-cmWv am{X-a√ Ch-cpsS ssIh-i-an-

cn-°p∂ qan DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX Ipd-™-Xp-am-Wv.

3. `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-]-c-hp-amb _p≤n-ap- p-Iƒ ImcWw Ch¿°v

B[p-\nI Irjn-co-Xn-I-fnepw Irjn kw_-‘-amb sXmgn-ep-I-fnepw

sshZKv≤yw C√msX hcp-∂p.

4. ZpjvI-c-amb `q{]-tZ-i-Øp≈ hmk-hpw, Bfp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ch¿°p≈

AI¬®bpw aqew Ah-cpsS D¬∏-∂-ßƒ°v \ymb-amb hne e`n-°msX

hcp∂p.

5. A]-cym-]vX-amb KXm-KX kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpw, hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab kwhn-[m-

\ßfpw, Ah D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS hnap-J-X-bpw aq-

ew Ch-cpsS D¬]-∂-ßƒ°v \√ hn]-W\km≤yX Is≠-Øm-\m-hmsX

hcp-Ibpw \√ hne e`n-°msX hcp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

6. ]c-º-cm-KX k{º-Zm-b-ß-tfm-Sp≈ Xm¬]cyw (DZm: D]-Po-h\w \S-Øp-∂-

Xn-\mbn Ppw (Hcp ]c-º-cm-KX [m\yw Irjn-sN-øpI F∂-Xv) Chsc Zmcn-

{Zy-tc-Jbv°v Xmsg Pohn-°m≥ Imc-W-am-Ip∂p.

7. tKm{X-P-\-X-bn¬ \n∂pw hnI-k\{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS t]cn¬ `qan ]nSn-

s®-Sp-°p-I-tbm, Ch¿ qan-bn¬ \n∂pw IpSn-bn-d-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm As√-¶n¬

Ch¿°v h\hp-am-bp≈ kº¿°w \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp-tºmƒ

Ch¿°v D]-Po-h-\-Øn\v bmsXm-cp am¿§hpw C√msX hcp-∂p. Ch¿ ]´nWn-

bn-em-Ip-∂p.

96

`mKw II : \nba tkh\AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS [¿Ω-ßƒ

apI-fn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ {]iv\-ß-fpsS hym]vXn-bn¬ \n∂pw Xs∂ kwÿm\

\nba tkh\ AtXm-dn-‰n°v tKm{X P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ°v \oXn e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn\v

klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hfsc \n¿Æm-b-Imb Hcp ]¶m-Wp-≈-sX∂v hy‡-am-Ip-

∂p. tKm{X P\-X-bpw, c-W-Iq-S-hpw, PpUo-jy-dnbpw XΩn-ep≈ hnShv \nI-tØ-

≠Xv SLSA IfpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. \nb-a-hmgvN \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-sh∂v SLSA Dd-∏m-

°-Ww. tKm{X-P-\-Xbv°v \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ hnizmkw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn \nb-

a-hm-gvN-bpsS Imcy-£-aX hn¿≤n-∏n-°-Ww. {]kvXpX taJ-e-I-fn¬ CXn-\mbn

SLSA {]h¿Ø\w \S-Ø-Ww.

Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬ SLSA Iƒ ap≥ssI-sø-Sp-°-Ww.

A. hyh-lm-c-\-S-]-Sn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- -Xv.

1. tKm{X kaq-l-Øn¬ \n∂p-am{X-ambn Hcp Iq´w A`n- m-j-I-cpsS Hcp ]m\¬

cq]o-I-c-Ww. Ch¿°v \√ coXn-bn¬ {]Xn^ehpw \¬Ip-I.

2. tIkp-I-fn¬ hyh-lm-c-\-S-]Sn kº-‘n® \nb-a-k-lm-b-, BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v

\n¿_-‘-ambn \¬In-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ch¿°p-th≠n Bh-iysa-¶n¬ ko\n-

b¿ A`n-`m-j-I¿ tImS-Xn-bn¬ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw CXn-te-°mbn

kvs]jy¬ okv \¬Ip-Ibpw thWw. CXn-eqsS BZn-hm-kn-I-fp sS Ah-

Im-i-ßfpw Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.

3. PpUo-jy-dn lnμn, Cw•ojv As√-¶n¬ a‰p {][m\{]mtZ-inI mj-I-fn¬

am{Xw AXns‚ hyh-lmcw \S-Øp-∂p. CXn-\m¬ ]mh-s∏´ BZn-hm-kn-

Iƒ PUvPvam-cp-sStbm A`n- m-j-I-cp-sStbm Zb-bv°mbn ImØp-\n¬t°≠n

hcp-∂p. Ch¿°v \oXn e`n-°m≥ th≠n SLSA Iƒ tImS-Xn-bn¬ {]Xn-\n-

[o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

4. ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I≥ tImS-Xn-bn¬ BZn-hm-kn-Isf Bflm¿∞-X-tbmsS

{]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-I-bpw, Ch-cpambn _‘-s∏´ \nb-a-ßfpw AXns‚

{]{In-bbpw Ch¿°v hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. CXn-eqsS kwhn-

[m-\-Øn-ep≈ Ahn-izmkw \o°m\pw tImSXn \S-]-Sn-Isf-]‰n \√ Hcp

{Kmlyw D≠m-°m\pw klm-bn-°p-∂p.

5. Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ap≈ mK-ßƒ kv]jvS-am°n kwi-b-ßƒ Zqco-I-cn-°m\pw

km[m-cW tImS-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw ]c-º-cm-K-X-amb {KmaoW tImS-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw

A[n-Imc]cn-[n-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw AXn-{I-an®p InS-°p∂ Ahÿ hni-Zo-I-

cn-°p-∂Xv \oXn-\ymb hyh-ÿ-bpsS kpK-a-amb {]h¿Ø-\-Øn\w Bfp-

97

Isf klm-bn-°m\pw ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I¿ {]Xn-⁄m-_-≤-cm-Wv.

6. ]m\¬ A`n-`m-j-I¿, Pbn¬ kμ¿in-°p-I-bpw, Pbn-en¬ eoK¬

k¿Δokkv ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ kwLSn∏n-°p-Ibpw CXneqsS Pmayw \ntj-[n®v

hf-sc-°mew Ip‰m-tcm-]n-X¿ Pbn-en¬ InS-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-√m-sX-bm-°p-

∂-Xn-\pw, tI p-I-fpsS XpS¿ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw CXp-hgn A¿l-cm-

b-h¿°v t\c-sØ-bp≈ tamN\w e`y-am-°p-Ibpw sNøpI.

7. ]nSn-s®-Sp-°-s∏´ qan°v ]I-c-am-bp≈ \jvS-]-cn-lm-c-ØpI t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-

∂-Xn-\pw, BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn\pw ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-Icpw

]mcm-eo-K¬ A`n- m-j-Icpw klm-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

8. BZn-hmkn taJ-e-I-fnse {]iv\-ßƒ, Bh-iyßƒ IqSmsX hnZym- ymk

kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ, Btcm-Ky-kw-c-£W kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ Ch-bpsS e`yX

F∂n-h-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ hkvXp-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw PLV IfpsS klm-b-

tØmsS \nb-a-]-c-amb ]cn-lm-c-ßƒ Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\pw klm-bn-°p-∂p.

9. apgp-h≥ kab sk{I-´-dn-am¿ / PpUo-jy¬ Hmô-tkgvkv F∂n-h¿

{]kvXpX {]tZ-isØ Bfp-I-fp-ambn CS-]-gp-Ip-Ibpw CXphgn AhcpsS

{]iv\-ßfpw Bhiyßfpw Fs¥∂v a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw CXp-hgn Ah-

cpsS bYm¿∞ \nba Ah-Im-i-ßƒ kwc-£n-°m-\p≈ tkh-\-ßƒ

Ah¿°v e`y-amIpw F∂ t_m≤yw Ah-cn-ep-≠m-°m-\p-X-Ip∂ klmb

kl-I-c-W-ßƒ Ah¿°v e`n-°p∂p F∂p-d∏phcp-Øp-I.

10. GsX-¶nepw Hcp tImS-Xn-bn¬ Hcp BZn-hm-kn-bmb hy‡n tImSXn hyh-

lmcw t\cn-tS-≠n -h-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Cbmsf Is≠Øn \nb-a-klm-bhpw

]n¥p-Wbpw \nb-a-tk-h\ AtXm-dn‰n \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Cbmƒs°-Xn-sc-

bp≈ \nb-a \-S-]-Sn-bpsS XpS°w apX¬t°D≈ F√m tImSXn

t{]mkoUnwKv AYhm tImSXn hyh-lm-c {]{In-b-bnepw Cu hy‡n°v

\nb-a- tk-h-\-ßƒ e`y-am-°Ww.

11. BZn-hmkn A`n- m-j-I¿°v kμ¿in-°m≥ ]‰p∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬ SLSA °v

¢n\n-°p-Iƒ Xpd-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

12. aƒń bqń-en‰n hml-\-ß-fpsS klm-b-tØmsS SLSA Iƒ Bƒ∏m¿∏p

Ipd-hp≈ hnZq-c-ÿ-e-ßfn¬ t]mepw FØnt®-cp-Ibpw Chn-S-ß-fn¬

t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-Øp-∂Xp IqSmsX {Inan-\¬, knhn¬, dh-\yq, h\w

F∂n-h-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ tI p-I-fp≈ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v thK-Øn-ep-

≈Xpw IrXy-hp-amb \nb-a-k-lm-bhpw \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

98

13. samss_¬ temIv AZm-eØv aptJ\ \jvS-]-cn-lmc s¢bn-ap-Iƒ, hmk-

ÿ-e-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ s¢bn-ap-Iƒ F∂nh Xo¿∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v h\w

hIp∏v, a‰p k¿°m¿ hIp-∏p-Iƒ F∂n-h-bp-ambn GtIm-]\w \S-tØ-≠Xv

SLSA bpsS IS-a-bm-Wv.

14. {Inan-\epw knhnepw Bb tIkp-I-fn¬ sslt°m-S-Xnsb l¿Pn apJm-

¥ncw kao-]n-°m≥ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v \nb-a-k-lmbw \¬I-Ww. tKm{X-

hn- m-K-Øn¬\n∂p Xs∂-bp≈ A`n- m-j-I-tcm As√-¶n¬ BZn-hm-kn-I-

fpsS {]iv\-ß-sf-∏‰n hy‡-amb [mc-W-bp-≈Xpw BZn-hm-kn-I-tfmSv kwh-

Zn-°m≥ k∂-≤-X-bp-≈-Xp-amb A¿∏-W-t_m-[-ap≈ A`n-`m-j-Itcm

sslt°m-S-Xn-bpsS eoK¬ k¿Δokkv IΩ-‰n-bpsS ]m\-en¬ \nb-an-X-cm-

°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.

15. Ah-iy-L- -ß-fn¬ SLSA bpsS _lp. FIvkn-Iyq- ohv sNb¿ams‚ A\p-

a-Xn-tbmsS tkmjy¬ PÃnkv en‰n-tK-j≥ AYhm kmaq-loI \oXn \nb-

a-hy-h-lmcw \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

B. ]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-tbgvkv (PLVs)

1. Ãm‰n-Ãn-°¬ Un∏m¿ vsa‚ v a‰p k¿°m¿ hIp-∏p-Iƒ F∂n-h-cpsS klm-

b-Øm¬ Hmtcm Pn√m eoK¬ k¿Δokkv AtXm-dn-‰nbpw BZn-hmkn taJ-

e-Iƒ Is≠Øn ]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-tbgvkv aptJ\ ChnsS tkh-\-

ßƒ FØn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

2. BZn-hmkn kaq-l-Øns‚ hnizm-kyX t\Sp-∂-Xn-\m-bpw, BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS

{]iv\-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bpw, t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-eqsS

Ah-tcmSv e-{]-Z-ambn kwh-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbpw ]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-tb-

gvkns\ Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ \n∂pw Xs∂ Xnc-s™-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. DLSA

bpsS apgp-h≥ kab sk{I- -dn-am-cpsS \nb-{¥-W-ØneqsSbpw t\cn- p≈

am¿§-\n¿t±-i-Øn-eq-sSbpw tKm{X-h¿§ kap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ap≈

]mcmeoK¬ thmf‚n-tb-gvkns‚ Hcp {]tXyI ]m\¬ SLSA cq]o-I-cn-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv.

3. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ PLV Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS IS-a-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn {]tXyI-

ambn s{Sbn-\nwKv \¬In-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ch¿ tKm{X P\-X-bp-ambn \√ coXn-

bn¬ CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xn\pw Xß-fn¬ \n£n-]vXam-bn- p≈ taJ-e-I-fn-te°v

th≠ tkh-\-ßƒ bYm-k-abw FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm\pw Ign-b-Ww.

4. Kh¨sa‚ v kvIoap-Iƒ apJm-¥-c-ap≈ B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-

bp≈ At]-£-Ifpw t^map-Ifpw a‰pw ]qcn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v SLSA Iƒ P L V

99

apJm-¥ncw \nc-£-c-cmb BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v Bh-iy-ap≈ \nb-a-k-lmbw

\¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

5. BZn-hmkn kaq-l-Ønse Bfp-Iƒ°v sshZy-k-lmbw \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ \nb-

a-tk-h\ AtXm-dn-‰n°v Hcp {][m\]¶m-Wp-≈-Xv. CXn\mbn ]mcm eoK¬

thmf‚n-tbgvkv aptJ-\bmWv {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xv. Bh-iy-°m-cm-b-hsc

]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-tbgvkv aptJ\ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw {]mtZinI SLSA

bpsS klm-b-tØmsS CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v Bh-iy-amb

sshZy-k-lm-b-hpw, acp-∂p-I-fpw, saUn-°¬ kvIoap-I-fn-eqsS e`y-am-Ip∂

B\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw FØn-°pI-bpw thWw.

6. kvIoans‚ mKw- 1¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-t]m-ep≈ {]iv\-ßƒ DZm: kvIqfp-

ambn _‘-s∏´ {]iv\-ßƒ A≤ym-]-I-cpsS A`m-hw, BZn-hmkn Ipń-

Iƒs°-Xn-cmb ]oU\w apX-emb {]iv\-ßƒ _‘-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Isf

As√-¶n¬ A[n-Imc tI{μ-ßsf Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v PLVIƒ Ch-cpsS i_vZ-

ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.

7. a\p-jy-°-S-Øens‚ Imcy-Øn¬ CXns‚ Cc-Isf Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw,

Ch¿°v \jvS-]-cn-lmcw t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw a‰p-ambn PLV Iƒ°v

{]h¿Øn-°m-\m-Ipw. am{X-a√ ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ kvIoap-I-fn-eq-sSbpw e`n-

°p∂ \jvS-]-cn-lm-c-ßfpw e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ klm-bn®v {]h¿Øn-°m-

\m-Ipw.

8. IS-Øen-\n-c-bmb Ipń-Isf c£-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ka-bØpw Ipń-Isf CWC

AYhm ssN¬Uv sh¬s -b¿ IΩn‰n apºmsI lmP-cm- tºmgpw PLV

Iƒ°v Ipń-I-fpsS klm-b-Øn-\mbn \ne-sIm-≈m-\m-Ipw. Cu Ipń-I-fpsS

IpSpw-_-ßsf Is≠-Øp∂Xn\pw PLV Iƒ CWC Isf klm-bn-t°-≠-

Xm-Wv.

9. tImS-Xn-bpsS sXfn-sh-Sp∏p ka-bØv km£n ]d-bp-tºmgpw Cc-I-fm-b-

h¿s°mcp ]nSn-h-≈n-bmbn PLV Iƒ \ne-sIm-t≈-≠-Xm-Wv.

10. ]m\¬ A`n- m-j-Itcbpw BZn-hm-kn-Itfbpw XΩn-¬ _‘n-∏n-°p∂ Hcp

IÆn-bmbn {]h¿Øn-°pI F∂-XmWv PLV IfpsS as‰mcp IS-a. IqSmsX

BZn-hm-kn-sbbpw A`n- m-j-I-s\bpw Hcp t]mse klm-bn-°p-Ibpw CXp-

hgn BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS tIkv \√ coXn-bn¬ \S-Øp-∂-Xn\p th≠ F√m

kl-I-c-W-ßfpw sNøpI.

11. k¿°m-cns‚ hIp-∏p-Ifpw tKm{X P\-Xbpw XΩn¬ _‘n-∏n-°p∂ IÆn-

bmbn \ne-sIm≠v BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°mbn \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ £-Ww, tdj≥,

100

a‰m-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ F∂nh hnZqc ÿe-ß-fn¬ hkn-°p∂ Bfp-Iƒ°p-

t]mepw FØn-°p-I.

12. `qan-bpsS DS-a-ÿm-h-Imiw sXfn-bn-°p∂ tcJ-Iƒ H∂pw Xs∂ an°-hmdpw

BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS ]°¬ D≠m-Im-dn-√. Cu kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ]p\-c-[n-hm-

k-Øn\pw aXn-bmb \jvS-]-cn-lmcw e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ambn BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v

\nb-a-k-lmbw Bhiyambn hcp-∂p. IpSn-bn-d-°-s∏´ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v

aXn-bmb ]p\-c-[n-hmkw km[y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mb F√m sXfn-hp-Ifpw tcJ-

Ifpw tiJ-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v PLV Iƒ Chsc klm-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

13. PLV Iƒ Pbn¬ kμ¿in®v At¥-hm-kn-I-fp-ambn CS-]-g-Ip-Ibpw Ah-

cpsS tIkp-Isf kw_-‘n® hkvXp-X-Iƒ Is≠Øn DLSA bpsS apgp-

h≥ kab sk{I- dn am¿°v dnt∏m¿´v \¬Ip-Ibpw CXp-hgn Ch¿°p

Pmayw e`n-°p-∂-Xnt\m Ch-cpsS tI p-I-fpsS hnNm-cW thK-Øn-em-°p-

∂-Xnt\m Bh-iy-amb \S-]-Sn-Ifpw XpS¿ \S-]-Sn-Ifpw \S-Øp-I.

C. t_m[-h¬°-cWw

1. km[m-cW coXn-bn-ep≈ t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-

kvX-am-b-XmWv BZn-hmkn taJ-e-I-fn¬ \S-tØ≠ t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-

]m-Sn. HmUn-tbm- -hn-jz¬ coXn-I-fmWv ChnsS IqSp-X¬ e-{]-Zw. \rØw,

\mSIw F∂o Xc-Øn-ep≈ kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw t_m[-

h¬°-cWw \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXn¬ BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS ]¶m-fnØw IqSn

Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS \mS≥]m- p-Iƒ apX-em-b-hbpw

Ch-cpsS X\-Xmb \rØhpw t_m[-h¬°-c-W-Øn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬

IqSp-X¬ Ffp-∏-Øn¬ ktμ-i-ßƒ Chcn¬ FØn-°m-\m-Ipw. tKm{X-P-\-

X-bpsS {]iv\-ßfpw CXn\pth≠ ]cn-lm-c-ßfpw \∂mbn Adn-bp∂

Hcmƒ aptJ\ thWw t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥.

2. h\-\n-b-a-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw CXns‚ hIp-∏p-Iƒ ewLn-®m-ep-≠m-Im-hp∂ A\-

¥c ^e-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-

tØ-≠Xv AXym-h-iyamWv.

3. hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚ aqeyw, hnhn[ Kh¨sa‚ v kvIoap-Iƒ {]Imcw BZn-

hm-kn-Iƒ°p e`y-am-bn- p≈ B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ, BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Ah-Im-

i-ßƒ, B[p-\nI kmt¶-XnI hnZy-I-fpsS KpW-ßƒ CXp-aqew Ah-cpsS

tPmen-I-fn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ anIhpw Ffp-∏hpw apX-em-b-hsb kº-‘n®v SLSA

Iƒ \nb-a-]-c-amb t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-tØ-≠-XmWv.

4. dnk¿tΔ-j≥ t]mfn-kn-bpsS B\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw CXp-aqew A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-

101

cmb BZn-hmkn Ipń-Iƒ°v s]mXp taJ-e-I-fnepw kzImcy taJ-e-I-fnepw

Ffp-∏-Øn¬ tPmen e`y-am-Im-\p≈ km≤y-X-Ifpw tKm{X-P-\-Xsb t_m≤y-

s∏-SpØn Ipń-Iƒ°v hnZym- ymkw \¬Ip-∂-Xns\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I.

5. BZn-hm-kn-ta-J-e-I-fnse kvIqfp-I-fn¬ kvIqƒ eoK¬ en‰-dkn ¢ ∫ p -

Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xp-hgn BZn-hmkn°pń-Isf kvIqfn¬ XpS-cp-∂-Xn\v

t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw AtX-k-abw A≤ym]I-cp-sSbpw a‰p Ipń-I-fp-

sSbpw CS-bn¬ BZn-hmkn Ipń-I-fpsS {]tXyI Bh-iy-ß-sf-∏‰n t_m≤y-

ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

6. Im¿jnI hrØn-bn¬ \qX\ kmt¶-XnI hnZy-bpsS D]-tbm-K-sØ-∏‰n

{]mtbm-Kn-I-]-c-amb {]Z¿i-\-Øn-eqsS t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈

]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ NGOIƒ, Kh¨sa‚ v GP≥kn-Iƒ F∂n-h-cpsS ]¶m-fn-Ø-

tØmsS SLSA \S-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn\v HmUn-tbm- -hn-jz¬ aoUn-b-bpsS

D]-tbmKw \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

7. BZn-hm-kn-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ saUn-°¬ t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-

Sn-∏n-t°≠Xpw, CXp-h-gn, ip≤-amb IpSn-sh≈w t]mj-Im-lmcw,

K¿`nWnbmb kv{XoI-fpsS ]cn-N-cWw tcmK-{]-Xn-tcm[w F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n

t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-tØ-≠XpamWv. CXn\v NGOI-fpsS kl-I-cWw

tXSm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

8. `mjm-]-c-amb hyXymkw Ipd-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn {Kma-ß-fn¬ IΩyq-Wn‰n tdUn-

tbm-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v SLSA Iƒ°v ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

102

103

ab°pacp∂p Zpcp]tbmKØns‚ Cc-

Iƒ°pw ab°pacp∂v aqe-ap≈ hn]-Øp-

Isf \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈

\nba klmbßƒ°p≈ NALSAbpsS

]≤-Xn, 2015

104

105

a-b-°p-a-cp∂p Zpcp-]-tbmKØns‚ Cc-Iƒ°pw ab°p acp∂vaqe-ap≈ hn]-Øp-Isf \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈\nba klm-b-ßƒ°p≈ NALSAbpsS ]≤-Xn, 2015

1. ]›m-Øew

1.1 bphm°-fp-sS-bpw, Ipń-I-fp-sS-bpw, CS-bn-ep≈ el-cn-h-kvXp-°-fpsS ab-

°p-a-cp-∂p-I-fp-sSbpw hym]-I-amb D]-tbmKw tZiob Btcm-Ky-\n-e-sb-bpw,

kmº-ØnI hyh-ÿ-sbbpw {]Xn-Iqe-amb coXn-bn¬ _m[n-°p∂p. Cu

{]Xn-k-‘nsb \nb-{¥n-°pIF∂Xv k¿°mcns‚bpw kaq-l-Øn-s‚bpw

Hcp kp{]-[m\ I¿Ø-hy-amWv.

1.2 ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ \njvI-f-¶-cmb Ipń-I-sf-bpw, bphm-°-sfbpw,

kv{XoIsfbpw AXns‚ hnj-h-e-b-Øn¬ \in-∏n-°p∂p F∂Xv Hcp

clkyw A√. Cu {]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS Xo{h-amb bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-

ambn Dƒs°m-f-fm≥, Hcp BZy- D-]-t`m-‡m-hns‚ {]mbw am{Xw IW°n-

se-Sp-Øm¬ aXn. tIhew 9˛10 hb- p≈ Ipń-I-fmWv Ch¿. C¥y-bnse

Ggp tImSn Bfp-Iƒ elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-ƒ D]-tbmKn°p-∂p-sh∂pw CXn¬

17% CXn\v ASn-a-s∏´ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-sW∂pw ASp-Ø-Im-eØv \S-Ønb

Hcp ]T\w shfn-hm-°p-∂p.

1.3 \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-ambn elcn ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ D≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂

Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-°-fpsS Irjn Hcp kp{]-[m\ hnj-b-am-Wv. s]mXpsh

CØcw Irjn-IfpsS ]m¿iz- -e-ß-sf-∏‰n s]mXp-P-\-Øn\v Adnbn-√.

AXn-\m¬ CØcw {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ XS-bp∂-Xn\v ]©m-bØv cmPn-s‚bpw,

tem°¬ t_mUn-bp-sSbpw kl-I-cWw Bh-iy-am-Wv.

1.4 [mcmfw kwÿm\ GP≥kn-Ifpw IqSmsX F≥.-Pn.-H.-Iƒ apX-em-b-h¿

elcn IS-Øn-en-s\-Xn-cm-bpw, elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS \n¿Ωm¿÷-\-Øn-

\mbpw {]h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂n-cp-∂mepw Ch XΩn¬ th≠{X GtIm-]-\-

an√. hnhn[ ÿm]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw hy‡n-I-fp-sSbpw H‰-s∏´ {]h¿Ø-\-

ßƒ Cu cwKØv {]Xo-£n-°p∂ _ew \¬Ip-∂n-√. A\p- -h-ß-fn-eqsS

shfn-hm-Ip-∂Xv ab-°p-a-cp∂v D]-tbm-K-Øn\v Cc-bm-bh¿°v NnIn’m ka-

bØv D≠m-Ip∂ {]iv\-ßƒ Fßns\ ssIImcyw sNøWw F∂-Xns\

kw_-‘n®v bmsXm-c-dn-hp-an-√ F∂mWv A\p- -h-ß-eqsS shfn-hm-Ip-∂Xv.

1.5 Cu hn]Øv ]cn-l-cn-°p-hm≥ \nb-a-tkh\-ÿm-]-\-ßƒ°v henb kw`m-

106

h\ \¬Ip-hm≥ Ignbpw F∂ bmYm¿∞yw IW-°n-se-SpØv dm©n-bn¬

\S∂ 13- mw AJn-te¥ym Xe-Øn-ep≈ kwÿm\ \nb-a-k-lm-b-ÿm-]-\-

ß-fpsS ktΩ-f\w ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-I-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmKw XS-bpI elcn

]Zm¿∞-ßƒ°v ASn-a-s∏-Sp∂ AhÿXS-bpI F∂-Xn¬ {i≤ tI{μo-I-

cn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p {]tabw ]m m°n.

2. \ne-hn-ep≈ \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ

2.1 am¿®v 1961- ¬ sFIy-cmjv{S k -bn¬ \S∂ ktΩ-f-\-Øn-emWv ab-°p-a-cp-

∂ns‚ D]-tbm-K-hpw, ISØepw XS-bm-\p≈ BZy {iaw \S-∂-Xv. Cu

{]ta-bsØ t`Z-KXn sNbvXp-sIm-≠p≈ s]cp-am‰ N´w \ne-hn¬ h∂Xv

am¿®v 1972-˛¬ BWv. bqssW-‰Uv t\j≥kv I¨sh≥j≥ Hm¨

sskt°mt{Sm]nIv k_vÃ≥kkv 1971Dw, CtXXpS¿∂v 1988- ¬ ab-°p-a-cp-

∂p-I-fpsS \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-amb IS-Øn-ens\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ktΩ-f-\hpw \S-∂p.

Cu DS-º-Sn-Ifnse√mw C¥y H∏v h®n- p≠v.

2.2 `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 47- mw A\p-tOZ {]Imcw sshZy-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Imc-W-

ßƒs°m-≠-√msX Btcm-Ky-Øn\p lm\n-I-c-amb ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ elcn

AS-ßnb ]m\obßƒ, acp-∂p-Iƒ F∂nh D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv XS-tb-≠Xv

`c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ Npa-X-e-bm-Wv.

2.3 h¿≤n-®p-h-cp∂ \nb-a-hn-cp≤ ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-]-tbm-K-Øn-\pw, IS-Ø-en-\p-

sa-Xnsc ]e \nb-a-ßfpw k¿°m¿ \S-∏m-°n-bn- p-≠v. {UKvkv B‚ v tImkva-

‰nIvkv BIvSv 1940, \m¿t°m- nIvkv {UKvkv B‚ v ssktIm-t{Sm-]nIv

k_vÃ≥kv BIvSv 1985 F∂nh aptJ\elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS D¬]m-Z-

\-Øn-\pap≈ Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw ]Zm¿∞-ß-fp-sSbpw D]-

tbm-Kw, Irjn, DXv]m-Z-\w, I®-hSw IS-Ø¬ F∂nh \nb-{¥n-°p-I-bpw,

\ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. ITn-\-amb \nb-a-ß-fp≠mbn- p-t]mepw

\nb-a- hn-cp-≤-amb el-cn -hkvXp°-fpsS IS-Ø¬ kwL-Sn-X-amb coXn-

bn¬ hf¿∂psImt≠-bn-cn-°p∂p.

2.4 {]iv\-Øns‚ hnhn[ Xe-ßƒ a\- n-em°n {]iv\-Øns‚ ]cn-lm-c-Øn-

\mbn \nba tkh\ ÿm]-\-ßƒ°v F¥p ]¶v hln-°m-\mIpw F∂p

a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Hcp {]tXyI IΩn‰n cq]o-I-cn-®n-cp∂p.

lnam-N¬{]tZinse aWm-en-bn¬ \S∂ {UKv sa\kv C≥ C≥Uy ˛

Hmh¿hyq, Ne-©kv B‚ v skmeyq-j≥kv F∂ {]mtZ-inI tIm¨ -

d≥kn¬ e`n® hnh-c-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ IΩ-‰n-bpsS KmV-amb

107

]cym-tem-N-\-bpsS ^e-ambn Dcp-Øn-cp™p h∂-XmWv Cu ]≤Xn. Cu

kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv \nb-a-k-lm-b-ÿm-]-\-ßƒ°v elcn hnap-‡n, ]p\-

c-[n-hm-kw, F∂o taJ-e-I-fn¬ kp{]-[m-\-amb ]¶v hln-°m≥ Ignbpw

F∂v NALSA a\- n-em-°n-b-Xv.

3. ]≤-Xn-bpsS t]cv

Cu ]≤-Xn-bpsS t]cv a-b-°p-a-cp∂v D]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Cc-Iƒ°v \nb-a-k-

lmbw \¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw elcn \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ \nb-a-

k-lm-b-ßƒ°p≈ NALSA ]≤Xn, 2015

4. \n¿Δ-N-\-ßƒ

Cu ]≤-Xn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ hm°p-I-fpsS \n¿h-N\w Xmsg

]d-bp∂ coXn-bn¬ Bbn-cn-°pw.

(a) “BIvSv” eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn-‰okv BIvSv, 1987 (39 Hm^v 1987)

(b) “NDPS BIvSv” ˛ \m¿t°m-´nIvkv, {UKvkv B‚ v ssktIm-t{Sm-]nIv

k_vÃ≥kkv BIvSv 1985 (61 Hm^v 1985)

(c) “\nb-a-k-lmbw” ˛ sk£≥ 2(-kn) eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn-‰okv

BIvSv, 1987˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ {]Imcw.

(d) “\nb-a-k-lmb ¢n\nIv” ˛ sk£≥ 2(-kn) eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn-

‰okv sdKp-te-j≥kv 2011 ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ {]Imcw.

(e) “\nb-a-k-lmb ÿm]-\-ßƒ” Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ GXpw BImw.

kwÿm\ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn-‰n, kp{]ow tImSXn eoK¬ k¿Δo-

kkv IΩn-‰n, sslt°m-SXn eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv IΩn-‰n, Pn√m eoK¬

k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn-‰n, Xmeq°v \nb-a-k-lmb IΩn-‰n.

(f) “]m\¬ A`n- m-j-I≥” \mj-W¬ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn‰n (kuP-

\yhpw ]cym-]vX-hp-amb \nb-a-tk-h-\-ßƒ) 2010- se 8˛mw hIp∏v {]Im-

cw \nb-an-X-\m-bn- p≈ ]m\¬ A`n`mj-I≥.

(g) “]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-b¿” ˛ \nb-a-cw-KØv {]h¿Øn-°m≥ ]cn-io-e\w

t\Snb hy‡n. (NALSA kvIow t^m¿ ]mcmeoK¬ thmf‚n-tbgvkv (dnssh-

108

kvUv) B‚ v tamUyqƒ t^m¿ Z Hmdn-b-t‚-j≥, C≥U£≥, dn{ -

j¿ tImgvkkv t^m¿ PLV s{Sbn-\nw-Kv) {]Imcw ]cn-io-en-°-s∏- -bmƒ.

(h) Cu tcJ-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ a‰p hm°p-Iƒ°v eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv

AtXm-dn-‰okv BIvSv 1987, (39 Hm^v 1981) \mj-W¬ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv

AtXm-dn-‰nkv dqƒkv 1985, \mj-W¬ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtXm-dn‰n ({^o

B‚ v tImw]n- ‰‚ v eoK¬ k¿Δo-k-kv) sdKp-te-j≥ 2010 F∂o \nb-a-

ß-fn¬ \n¿h-Nn-®n-cn-°p∂ {]Imcw Bbn-cn°pw.

5. ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£y-ßƒ

5.1 s]mXpP\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \m¿tIm- nIv acp-∂p-I-fp-sSbpw sskt°m-t{Sm-∏nIv

]Zm¿∞-ß-fp-sSbpw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ]≤-Xn-I-sf-bpw, \nb-

a-h-Ip-∏p-I-sf-bpw, ]cn-]m-Sn-I-sfbpw Ipdn®v Ah-t_m-[-ap-≠m-°p-I, elcn

]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS D]-tbmKw aqew D≠m-Ip∂ tZmj-ß-sf-∏‰n kvIqƒ,

tImtfPv hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ, sXcphpIp´n-Iƒ, tNcn-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ, IpSpw-_-ßƒ,

XS-hp-Im¿, Akw-L-SnX sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ, ssewKnI sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ, s]mXp-

P\w F∂n-h¿°n-S-bn¬ Ah-t_m[w D≠m-°pI.

5.2 \nb-a-]-c-ambn A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amb el-cn-Irjn \S-Øp∂ Irjn-°m¿°n-S-

bn¬ Cu hkvXp-°-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmKw aqe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ {]Xn-Iqe imco-

cnI {]iv\ßsf Ipdn®v Ah-t_m-[\w \¬Ip-I.

5.3 amXm-]n-Xm-°-sf-bpw, A≤ym-]-I-sc-bpw, hnZym¿∞n-I-sfbpw el-cn-]Zm¿∞-

ß-fpsS D]-tbmKw aqe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ Zqjy- -e-ß-sf-∏‰n t_m[-h¬°-cn-

°p-I.

5.4 \oXn-\ym-b-h-Ip-∏v, t]meo-kv, h°o¬, ]p\-c-[n-hmk tI{μ-ß-ƒ, tImS-Xn-

I-ƒ, t^md≥knIv et_m-d- -dn-I-ƒ elcn hnap-‡-tI-{μ-ßƒ, ]p\-c-[n-hmk

tI{μ-ßƒ, kvIqƒ, tImtfPv, bqWn-th-gvkn‰n AUvan-\n-kvt{S-j≥ hn`m-

Kw, _me-a-μn-c-ßƒ, hr≤-a-μn-cw, h\nXm aμn-cw, kvs]jy¬ kvIqƒ tImS-

Xn-bnse Imcy-\n¿Δ-lW hn`mKØnse DtZym-K-ÿ-¿ apX-em-b-hsc t_m[-

h¬°-cn-°p-I.

5.5 e`y-amb kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ t{ImUo-I-cn®v elcn D]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Cc-Isf

Is≠-Øp-I-bpw, Ch-cpsS NnIn’ \S-Øp-Ibpw elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS

\n¿ho-cy-am-°¬, Cc-bm-b-h-cpsS ]p\-c-[n-hmkw apX-em-bh sNøp-I.

109

5.6 ]©m-bØv cmPv ÿm]-\-ßƒ / Xt±i ÿm]-\-ßƒ F∂n-hsb D]-tbm-

K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v elcn hkvXp-°-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbm-Kw, Ch-bpsS \nb-a-]-

c-a-√mØ Im¿jnI D¬∏m-Z\w Chsb XS-bp-Ibpw CXn-\mbn ASn-ÿm-\-

X-e-Øn-ep≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ kaq-l-Øn¬ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I.

5.7 el-cn-ap‡ tI{μ-ßƒ, ]p\-c-[n-hmk tI{μ-ßƒ F∂n-h-cpsS {]h¿Ø-

\-ßƒ GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ah-Imi ewL-\-

ßƒ {i≤-bn¬s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cc-bmb hy‡n-bpsS Ah-Imi kwc-

£-W-Øn-\mbn CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I.

5.8 Cu cwKØv {]h¿Øn-°p∂ hnhn[ kwL-S-\-Isfbpw GtIm-]n-∏n-°pI.

5.9 ab-°p-a-cp∂v IS-Ø-en-s‚-bpw, elcn Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn-s‚bpw Cc-IfmIp-

∂-h¿°v Bh-iy-amb \nb-a-k-lmbw \¬Ip-I.

I¿Ω ]≤Xn

6. {]tXyI bqWn‰pI-fpsS ÿm]\w

6.1 Cu kvIow ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®v Hcp amk-Øn-\Iw SLSA F√m Xmeq-°p-I-fn-

epw, aWvU-e-ß-fn-epw, k_v- -Un-hn-j-\p-I-fnepw kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ

ÿm]n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. bqWn-‰n¬ DLSA sNb¿ams‚ ip]m¿i {]Imcw

PqUo-jy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿, bphA`n- m-j-I¿ F∂nhscbpw _‘-s∏´ No v

saUn-°¬ Hmô-kdpsS ip]m¿i {]Imcw saUn-°¬ Hmô-k-sdbpw,

No^v sk{I- -dn-bpsS \n¿t±i {]Imcw Hcp dh\yq /t]meokv / t^mdÃv

DtZym-K-ÿscbpw IqSmsX tkmjy¬ h¿°¿, ]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-b¿,

F≥.-Pn.-H. {]Xn-\n[n(e-lcnhncp≤ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬, ]p\-c-[n-hmkw el-

cn-hn-ap‡ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Ch-bn¬ ImX-emb {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øp-

Ibpw NALSAbpsS A{I-Un-t‰-j≥ e`n-®-Xpw) F∂n-hcpw AS-ßnbncn-

°pw. {]tXyI bqWn-‰p-IfpsS Npa-Xe hln-°p-∂Xv Xmeq°v / aWvUew

/ k_v-Unhn-jW¬ eoK¬ k¿Δokkv IΩ-‰n-bpsS (TLSC F∂v XpS¿∂-

tßm v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p). sNb¿am≥ Bbn-cn-°pw. bqWn‰v DLSA sNb¿ams‚

samØ-amb ta¬ t\m -Øn≥ Iogn-em-bn-cn-°pw.

6.2 {]kvXpX kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-I-fn¬, ]Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ AwK-ßƒ ]mSn√.

DLSA bpsS sk{I- -dn-bm-bn-cn°pw B Pn√-bnse t\mU¬ Hmô-k¿.

Xmeq°v eoK¬ k¿Δokv IΩn‰n sNb¿am-\m-bn-cn°pw {]tXyI bqWn-

‰ns‚ sk{I- -dn.

110

6.3 kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-I-fpsS cq]-h-Xv°-c-W-Øn-\p-tijw DLSA Ah¿°mbn

{]tXyI s{Sbn-\nwKv \evtI-≠-Xp-≠v. CXv NALSAbpsSsjUyqƒ {]Im-c-

am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

6.4 F√m kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Ifpw \n›-bn-®n- p≈ Ime-b-f-hp-I-fn¬ Hcp

{]h¿Ø\ dnt∏m¿´v DLSA sNb¿am≥ aptJ\ SLSA°v ka¿∏n-°-Ww.

DLSA sNb¿am≥ Xs‚ A`n-{]mbw tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØWw.

6.5 bqWn‰v ÿm]n® tijw 15 Znh-k-Øn-\Iw F√m kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰n\pw

ab°p acp∂v D]-tbmKw XS-bm\pw Cu hn]Øns\ sNdp-°m\p≈ Hcp

sNdp-InS ]≤Xn Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.

6.6 Cu ]≤-Xn- DLSA sNb¿am≥ SLSA saº¿ sk{I- -dn-bpsS A\p-a-Xn-

°mbn Ab-°p-Ibpw ChnsS \n∂pw CXv SLSA FIvkn-Iyq- ohv sNb¿ams‚

A\p-a-Xn-°mbn Ab-°p-Ipbpw Ct±lw CXv (]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬ th≠ am‰w

hcp-Øntbm hcp-Øm-sX-tbm) 15 Znh-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬ AwKo-I-cn°pItbm

sNøp-∂p.

6.7 SLSA \ntbm-Kn-°p-I-tbm, \n¿t±-in-°p-Itbm sNøp∂ as‰¥p {]hr-Øn-

Ifpw kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰vkv sNøp-I-Xs∂ thWw.

7. Um‰m-t_kns‚ cq]o-I-cWw

ab°pacp-∂ns‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ F√m kvIoap-Ifpw, \b-ß-

fpw, \nb-{¥-W-ßfpw, D]-tcm-[-ß-fpw, \nb-aß-fpw, \n¿t±-i-ß-fpw, DØc-

hp-Ifpw IqSmsX e-{]-Z-amb {]Xn-tcm-[-w, kwc-£-Ww, ]p\-c-[n-hm-kw,

elcn hkvXp-°-fp-tSbpw ab°p acp-∂ns‚bpw \n¿Ωm¿÷-\w, Chsb-∏-

‰n-bp≈ dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ F∂nhbpw tiJ-cn®v CXns‚ sh_vssk-‰n¬

{]Z¿in∏n-°p-Ibpw NALSA bpambn ]¶p-h-bv°p-Ibpw thWw.

8. hnhn[ ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS \S-∏m-°¬

(a) t]mfn-kn-Iƒ, ]≤-Xn-Iƒ, ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ, kvIoap-Iƒ Ch-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ F√m

hnh-c-ßfpw s]mXp-P-\-Øn-\pw, el-cn-]-Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS D]-tbm-K-Øn-\n-c-

bm-b-h¿°pw AhcpsS IpSpw-_-Øn-\pw, el-cn-hn-ap‡ / ]p\-c-[n-hmk

111

cwKØv {]h¿Øn-°p∂ F√m F≥.-Pn.-H.-Iƒ°pw e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn\v th≠

\S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I.

(b) CØcw hnh-c-ßƒ- {]tXyI bqWn-‰p-I-fpsS Hm^o-kn¬ {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-

Ibpw SLSA-bpsS A\p-a-Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn {]n‚ v sNbvX ]pkvX-I-ßƒ /

eLp-teJIƒ / π°m¿UpIƒ apX-em-bh Hm^o-kn¬ kq£n-°p-I.

9. \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-amb Irjn-bpsS D∑q-e\w

I©m-hv, Idp∏v XpSßn sskt°m-t{Sm-∏nIv / \m¿t°m-SnIv acp-∂p-Iƒ

D≠m-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ sNSn-I-fpsS \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-amb Irjn \in-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn\v SLSA kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-I-fp-ambn tN¿∂v {]h¿Øn-°p-I.

CØcw Irjn-I-fpsS \io-I-cW tPmen-Iƒ MNREGA kvIoan-\p Iogn¬

kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-ambn IW-°m-°p-∂-Xn\v kwÿm\ Kh¨sa‚p-Isf t{]cn-

∏n-°p-I. {]N-c-WØneqsS IΩyq-Wn-‰n-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ sIm≠p-h-cp-

Ibpw CXp-hgn \nb-a-]-c-a-√mØ CØcw Irjn-Iƒ henb tXmXn¬ \in-

∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v CXv klm-b-I-am-Wv.

10. Xt±-i-ÿm-]-\-ß-fneq-sSbpw / ]©m-bØn cmPv ÿm]-\-ß-

fn-eq-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-X-eØn-ep≈ ]¶m-fnØw

Cu ÿm]-\-ß-fn-ep≈ ]¶m-fnØw Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ {]Im-c-am-bn- cn-°pw.

(a) `mK-ß-fnse ]©m-b-Øv-cmPv ÿm]-\-ß-fp-ambn tN¿∂v Nc-kv, I©mhv

apX-emb \nb-a-hn-cp≤ Irjn-Iƒ sNøp∂ IrXy-amb ÿeßƒ Is≠-

Øp-I. {]tXyI bqWn-‰p-Iƒ DLSA sNb¿am≥ hgn dnt∏m¿´pIƒ SLSA

°v ssIam-dp-Ibpw SLSA FIvkn-Iyq- ohv sNb¿ams‚ A\p-a-Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn

Cu hnjbw _‘-s∏´ A[n-Imc tI{μ-ß-fn-se-Øn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

(b) kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ ]©m-bØvcmPv ÿm]\-ß-fpsS klm-b-tØmsS

ab-°p-a-cp-∂n-\-Sn-a-s∏- -h-scbpw ab-°p-a-cp∂v, IpØn-shbv]v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂-h-scbpw Is≠Øn Ch¿°v NnIn-’°pw ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-Øp-am-hiyamb

klm-b-ßƒ \¬Ip-I.

(c) ab-°p-a-cp-∂ns‚ D]-tbmKw aqew D≠m-Im-hp∂ Zqjy- -e-ß-sf-∏‰n {Kmao-

W-ta-J-e-bn¬ ]©m-b-Øv-cmPv ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS kl-I-c-W-tØmsS t_m[-

h¬°--cWw \S-tØ-≠Xv kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰ns‚ IS-a-bm-Wv.

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(d) Iymº-bn≥ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn aln-fm -a-WvU¬, bphIv aWvU¬ a‰p kzbw

klmb kwL-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS kl-I-cWw kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰v ]c-am-

h[n Dd-∏p-h-cp-Ø-Ww.

11. t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

11.1 kvIqfp-Ifnse / tImtf-Pp-Ifnse t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

kvIqfp-Ifnse eoK¬ en‰-dkn ¢∫p-I-fp-ambpw tImtf-Pp-I-fnse eoK¬

k¿Δokkv ¢n\n-°p-I-fp-ambpw kl-I-cn®v kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ ab°p

acp-∂n-s‚bpw a‰p elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-fp-sSbpw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-sØ-∏-‰nbpw

AXns‚ Zqjy- -e-sØ-∏-‰nbpw hnZym¿∞n-Isf t_m[-h¬°-cn-t°-≠-

XmWv.

(a) t_m[-h¬°-cWw / kwth-Z\w F∂o ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ ]e coXn-I-fn-¬ \S-

Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

(i) kvIqfp-I-fnse As√-¶n¬ ]e kvIqfp-Isf Hcp-an®p tN¿tØm ab°p

acp-∂p-aq-e-ap≈ hn]-Øn-s\-Xnsc F∂ t]cn¬ {]tZ-isØ

{][m\Bfp-Isf Dƒs∏-SpØn Iymº-bn-\p-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI.

(ii) t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ

(iii) IrXy-amb CS-th-f-I-fn¬ A≤ym-]-Icpw˛ c£I¿Øm°fpw XΩn-

ep≈ ao‰nw-Kp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

(iv) _lp-P\km£-cXm Iymº-bn-\p-Iƒ \S-ØpI

(v) knwt]m-kn-bw, skan-\m¿, kwhmZw apX-em-bh hgn

(vi) ab-°p-a-cp-∂ns‚ Zpcp-]-tbm-K-ap-≠m-°p∂ imco-cnI {]iv\ßsfbpw

`hn-jy-ØpI-sf-bpw-]‰n Izn v ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw D]\ymk a’-cßfpw

\S-Øp-I.

(vii) sXcphp \mS-I-ßƒ t]m-ep≈ e-{]-Z-amb a‰p coXn-Iƒ

(viii) ^e-{]-Z-amb at‰-sX-¶nepw coXn-Iƒ

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(b) kvIqfp-I-fnse A≤ym-]-Iscbpw hnZym¿∞n-Isfbpw CØcw t_m[-h¬°-

cW / kwth-Z\ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww.

NALSA / SLSA hgn cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb eLp-te-J-Ifpw a‰pw t_m[-

h¬°-cW / kwth-Z\]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ipń-Iƒ°v \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

(c) CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ eLp-te-J-Iƒ F√m t_m[-h¬°-cW Iymºp-I-fnepw

hnX-cWwsNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. {^≠v Hmô-kp-I-fnepw eoK¬ k¿Δokv ¢n\n-

°p-I-fnepw kp£n-t°-≠-XmWv.

(d) kvIqƒ / tImtfPpIfnse ]mTy-{Ia-Øn¬ ab-°p-a-cp∂p Zpcp-]-tbm-K-sØ-

∏-‰n-bp≈ mK-ßƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn-\mbn hnZym- ymk hIp∏pw

Kh¨sa‚p-ambn CS-s] v CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]mTw \n¿_-‘-ambpw ]mTy-

]-≤-Xnbn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-I.

11.2 ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn\n-c-bmbh¿°pw Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-Øn\pw

t_m[-h¬°-cWw \¬IpI

amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw Ipń-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ hnIm-c-]-c-amb _‘-Øn\v `wK-

tam, timjWtam kw -hn-°p-Itbm As√-¶n¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ab-°p-a-

cp∂pw el-cn-]-Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmKhpw \S-Øp∂ IpSpw-_-ß-fntem

BWv Ipń-Iƒ IqSp-X-embn elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS D]-tbm-K-Øn\v hiw-

h-Z-cm-Ip-∂-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

(a) kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ ab-°p-a-cp∂p Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ CcIfpsS IpSpw-

_-ßƒ As√-¶n¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ab-°p-a-cpt∂m a‰p elcn ]Zm¿∞-

ßtfm D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Aß-s\-bp≈ IpSpw-_-ßƒ Ch

Is≠Øn ChnsS Ipń-Ifpw amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w ZrV-am-

°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠ t_m[-h¬°-cWw \¬Ip-I. amXm-]n-Xm-°sf Ipń-I-fp-

ambn IqSp-X¬ \∂mbn CS-]-g-Im≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I, Ch-cpsS {]h¿Ø-

\-ßƒ°v ta¬t\m´w \¬IpI, IqSmsX A≤ym-]-I-tcmSv Ipń-I-sf-∏‰n

kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw Ipń-I-fpsS s]cp-am-‰-ß-sf-∏‰n hnh-c-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°p-

Ibpw Fßns\ ab-°p-a-cp-∂n-\-Sn-a-s∏-Sp∂ Ahÿ C√m-Xm-°m-sa∂v

Ahsc a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

(b) ab-°p-a-cp∂v ASn-a-XzsØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ anYym-[m-c-W-I-fpw, a‰pw \o°n CXp-

ambn _‘-s∏ v hcm-hp∂ am\-kn-I-tcm-K-ß-sf-∏‰n icn-bmb [mc-W-Iƒ

\¬Ip-Ibpw ab-°p-a-cp∂v ASn-a-XzsØ at‰sXmcp km[m-cW imco-cn-I -

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{]-iv\-ap≈-t]mse IW-°m°n hfsc t\c-sØ X-s∂bp≈ NnIn-’-bpsS

{]m[m-\ysØ∏‰nbpw t_m[-h¬°-cn-°pI.

11.3 sXcphv Ipń-Iƒ°nS-bn-ep≈ t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

(a) ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn\v A[n-Ihpw Cc-bm-Ip-∂Xv sXcp-hnse Ipń-

I-fm-Wv. Ch¿ hfsc Zp¿∫-ecpw AtX kabw Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏- p-In-S-°p-

∂-Xp-amb hn`m-K-am-Wv. Ch¿ km[m-c-W-bmbn Ch-cpsS IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬

Dt]-£n-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ sXcphp Ipń-Iƒ°mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂

F≥.-Pn.-H.-Ifpw klm-b-tØmsS Ch-cpsS kwc-£Ww Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-

Xp-≠v.

(b) ab-°p-a-cp∂n\pw a‰p el-cn°pw ASn-a-bmb sXcphp Ipń-Iƒ, tNcn {]tZ-

isØ Ipń-Iƒ Chsc Is≠Øn Ahsc elcn hnap‡ tI{μ-ß-fntem

]pc-\-[n-hmk tI{μ-ß-fntem {]th-in-∏n-°m≥ th≠ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ ssIs°m-

≈p-I.

11.4 el-cn-°-Sn-a-bm-b-h¿°p≈ t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

el-cn-°-Sn-a-bm-b-hsc Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ

]Xn-hmbn t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXv

tUmIvS¿am¿, a\-im-kv{X-⁄¿ F∂nh-cpsS kl-I-c-W-tØmsS \S-tØ-

≠-Xm-Wv. CØcw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬, Iem- -Im-bnI, kn\nam cwKsØ {]ap-

J¿, Fgp-Øp-Im¿, tdmƒ tamU-ep-I-fmb hy‡n-Iƒ F∂n-hsc IqSn Dƒs∏-

SpØn Ch¿°v {]tNm-Z\w \¬tI-≠-XmWv.

11.5 ssewKnI sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°p≈ t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ tZmj- -e-ß-sf-∏‰n ssewKnI sXmgn -

em-fn-Iƒ°pw Ah-cpsS Ipń-Iƒ°pw t_m[-h¬°-cWw \¬Ip-I. CXn-

\mbn Nph∂ sXcphv taJ-e-Iƒ e£y-am°n {]h¿Øn-°p-I.

11.6 Pbn-ep-Ifnse t_m[-h-XvIcW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ-

\m¿tIm- nIv acp-∂p-I-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbm-K-sØ-∏-‰nbpw AXns‚ tZmj- -e-

ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw \nb-a- tk-h\ ÿm]-\-ßƒ, IrXy-amb CS-th-f-I-fn¬

t_m[h-¬°-cW kwth-Z\ ¢m p-Iƒ Pbn¬ At¥-hm-kn-Iƒ, Pbn-e-[n-

Ir-X¿, Poh\-°m¿ F∂n-h¿°mbn kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

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11.7 s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°nS-bn-ep≈ t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

(a) kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰pIƒ IrXy-amb CS-th-f-I-fn¬ \nb-a-km-£-cX Iymºp-

Iƒ (ND&PS Act s\Ipdn-®v), \nb-a-]-c-ambn Hm∏nbw t]m-ep≈ a‰p sNSn-

Iƒ Irjn- sN-øp-∂-bn-S-ß-fnse I¿j-I¿°v \¬I-Ww. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈

\m¿tIm- nIv ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS \nb-a-]-c-a-√mØ hn¬∏\ CXns‚ Zpcp-]-

tbmKw F∂n-h-bpsS hn-jy-Øp-Iƒ°v {]m[m\yw \¬In-bm-bn-cn-°Ww

t_m[-h¬°-cWw \¬tI-≠-Xv.

(b) CØcw \ntcm-[nX elcn ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS \nb-a-]-c-a-√mØ ssIhiw- h-

bv°¬, IS-Øn-s°m-≠p-h-c¬, Irjn F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n cl-ky-hn-hcw \¬tI-

≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-∏-‰nbpw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hnhcw Xcp-∂-bm-fp-Isf

Np‰n-∏-‰n-bp≈ hnh-c-ßƒ c-lky-am-bn-cn°pw F∂Xns\-°p-dn®pw t_m[-

h¬°-cW ¢mkn-eqsS s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°v t_m[yw \¬Ip-I.

(c) ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Zqjy- -e-ß-sf-∏‰n SmIvkn Poh-\-°m¿,

km[-\-ßƒ KXm-KXw sNøp-∂-h¿, Nc°v IS-Øp-∂-h¿, F∂n-h¿°v IrXy-

amb CS-th-f-I-fn¬ t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-tØ-Xv kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰ns‚

IS-a-bm-Wv.

(d) ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Zqjy- -e-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ ssk≥ t_m¿Up-

Iƒ, tlm¿Unw-Kp-Iƒ Ch _kvÃm‚,v sdbn¬sh tÃj≥, Fb¿t]m¿ v,

kvIqfp-Iƒ, (]-ªn-°pw, ss{]h-‰pw), k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-Iƒ, ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ,

tImS-Xn-Iƒ, If-IvS-td-‰p-Iƒ, Fkv.-Un.-Fw. Hm^o-kp-Iƒ, a‰p s]mXp ÿe-

ßƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ {]Z¿in-∏n-°-W-sa∂v NDPS \nbaw \njvI¿jn-

°p-∂p.

(e) ab°pa-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Zqjy- -e-ß-sf-∏‰n {Kma-ßƒ, hn]-W-

\-ta-f-Iƒ, D’-h-ßƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰v t_m[-

h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

(f) kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ hnhn[ kwL-S-\-I-fp-sSbpw Atkm-kn-tb-j-

s‚bpw klm-b-tØmsS ]p\-c-[n-hmk tImf-\n-Iƒ, sdkn-U≥jy¬ taJ-

e-Iƒ, N¥-Iƒ apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn¬ t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ

kwL-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

(g) t]mÃ¬ hIp-∏p-Iƒ, sImdn-b¿ GP≥kn-Iƒ, kmº-ØnI ÿm]-\-ßƒ

F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse Poh-\-°msc ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ Fßs\ Bcpw Adn-

116

bmsX tKm]y-amb coXn-bn¬ IS-Ø-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n t_m[-h¬°-

cn-°p-∂-Xn\v SLSA Iƒ i‡-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ \S-Øp-I.

11.8 Huj-[-hym-]m-cn-Iƒ, hgn-hm-Wn- -°m¿ F∂n-h¿°p≈ t_m[-h-XvI-cWw

(a) ab-°p-a-cp-∂ns‚ Zpjy- -e-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Huj[ hym]m-cn-Iƒ Huj[

hnt{IXm°-sfbpw t_m[-h¬°-cn-°p-I.

(b) ]Xn-hmb coXn-bn¬ {]nkv{In-]vj≥ acp-∂p-Iƒ hmßm-s\-Øp∂ Ipń-I-

sfbpw bphm-°-sfbpw \nco-£n-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ch¿°v acp∂p \¬Ip-∂Xv

\nc-kn-°p-∂-Xn\pw sIan-Ãp-Iƒ°v s{Sbn-\nwKv \¬Im-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

(c) Huj[ hnt{I-Xm-°-sfbpw CØ-c-Øn¬ Is≠Øn s{Sbn-\nwKv \¬tI-

≠-Xm-Wv.

(d) sXcp-hp-I®-h-S-°m¿, ]m≥I-S-Iƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ kwi-b-I-c-amb kwK-

Xn-Iƒ \nco-£n®v ab-°p-acp-∂ns‚ {]Xn-tcm-[sØ e-{]-Z-ambn \S-Øp-

∂-Xn\v t]meo-kp-Im¿°v ]cn-io-e\w \¬Ip-I.

11.9 Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv {]n‚ v am[y-a-ßƒ aptJ-\-bp≈ t_m[-h¬°-cWw

ab-°p-a-cp∂p Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ tZmj- -e-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw CXpXS-bm-\p≈

am¿§-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw SLSA ]Xn-hmbn tdUn-tbm, sSen-hn-j≥ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ

\S-Øp-Ibpw Cu ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ PpUo-jy¬ Hmô-k¿am¿, A`n- m-j-I¿,

a\:imkv{X-⁄-∑m¿, at\m-tcmK hnZ-Kv≤¿, t]meokv Hmô-k¿am¿, {]i-

kvX-cmb hy‡n-Iƒ F∂n- hsDƒs∏-Sp-ØpIbpw sNtø-≠-XmWv.

12. el-cn-hn-ap‡ ]p\-c-[n-hmk tI{μ-ß-fp-am-bp≈ kl-I-cWw

(a) Ah-c-h-cpsS A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn-ep≈ el-cn-hn-ap‡ tI{μ-ßƒ, ]p\-

c-[n-hmk tI{μ-ßƒ F∂nh F√m kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Ifpw amk-Øn-

sem-cn-°-se-¶nepw kμ¿in-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. {]kvXpX Xmeq-°p-I-fnse elcn

hnap‡ tI{μ-ß-fp-sSbpw ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-tI-{μ-ß-fp-sSbpw Hcp enÃv

kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰v D≠m°n ssIhiw h°p-Ibpw Imem-Imew CXv ]pXp-

t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv. Cu enÃv {]kvXpX ÿm]-\-ßfpsS \S-Øn-∏p-IcpsS hnh-

c-ßƒ, CXns‚ ]›m-Øew F∂n-h-tbm-SpIqSn SLSA Iƒ°v ka¿∏n-t°-

≠-XmWv.

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(b) F√m ]p\-c-[n-hmk, elcn hnap‡ tI{μ-ßfpw kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰v ]cn-

tim-[n®v Chn-SpsØ kuI-cy-ßƒ Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

(c) Iu¨kn-e¿, sskt°m-f-Pn-Ãv, F∂n-h-cpsS kμ¿i-\sØ kw_-‘n®

sdt°m¿Up-Iƒ bqWn-‰n\v ]cn-tim-[n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

(d) ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-tI-{μ-Ønse At¥-hm-kn-I-fpsS FÆ-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-ambn

tI{μ-Øn¬ Poh-\-°m-cp≠v F∂v ]cn-tim-[n®v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-hm≥

kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰n\v km[n-°pw.

(e) Poh-\-°m-cpsS FÆw, C≥{^m-kv{S-Iv®-¿, a‰p kuI-cy-ßƒ F∂n-h-bn¬

A`m-h-ap-s≠-¶n¬ kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰n\v DLSA °v ip]m¿i \¬Im-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. CXn≥ta¬ DLSA {]iv\w Gs‰-SpØv th≠ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v _‘-

s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-I-tfmSv ip]m¿i sNøp-Ibpw \yq\-X-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-®p-sh∂v

Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

(f) GsX-¶nepw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ew-L-\-ßƒ (a-b-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn\v

Cc-bmb hy‡n-I-fp-sS {i≤-bn¬s∏- m¬) TLSC sNb¿am\v CXp kw_-

‘n® Hcp dnt∏m¿´v ASn-b-¥n-c-ambn \¬IWw. Ct±lw dnt∏m¿´v ]Tn®v

Cc-bmb hy‡n-bpsS kwc-£-W-Øn\v Bh-iy-amb \nb-a-k-lm-b-ßƒ

TLSC \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

(g) Cc-bpsS hnh-c-ßƒ, \S-Ønb {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, tUmIvS¿am¿, sskt°m-f-

Pn-Ãp-Iƒ ChcpsS kμ¿i-\-ßƒ, Cc-bpsS a-b-°p-a-cp∂p ]tbmKw \n¿Øp-

∂-Xn\v ssIs°m≠ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ apX-em-b-hsb kw_-‘n® hnh-c-ßƒ

amkw-tXmdpw ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-tI-{μ-Øn¬ \n∂pw tiJ-cn®v kvs]jy¬

bqWn‰v Hcp dnt∏m¿´v _‘-s∏´ DLSA Iƒ°p apºmsI ka¿∏n-°-Ww.

(h) kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ Cc-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ t_m[-h¬°-cW Iymºp-

Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kmwkvIm-cn-I-]-c-am-bXpw kmaq-ln-I-ambn kPo-

h-hp-amb {Kq∏p-I-sf-IqSn CØcw t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-

Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXns‚ e£yw Cc-Isf apJy-[m-c-bn-te°v FØn-°p-

∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

13. s{Sbn-\nwKv / dns{ -j¿ tImgvkv t^m¿ tÃ°v tlmƒU¿

SLSA Iƒ kz¥-am-tbm, kwÿm\PpUo-jy¬ A°m-U-an-Iƒ aptJ-\tbm

118

, PqUo-jy¬ Hm^o-k¿am¿, t{]mkn-Iyq- ¿am¿, _m¿ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥

AwK-ßƒ, t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿ¿, tImS-Xn-bnse an\n-Ão-cn-b¬ Ãm^p-

Iƒ apX-em-b-h¿°v {]tXyI s{Sbn-\nw-Kp-Iƒ, tIm¨ -d≥kp-Iƒ t_m[-

h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ, dn{ -j¿ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Ch \S-Øp-I.

14. 26 Pq¨, ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb A¥m-cm-jv{S-

Zn-\-ambn BN-cn-°pI

F√m \nb-a-tk-h\ÿm]-\-ßfpw kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-I-fpsS klm-b-

tØmsS F√m h¿jhpw Pq¨ 26 (a-b-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbmKw, I≈-°-

SØv Ch-s°-Xn-cmb A¥m-cm-jv{S-Zn-\w) BN-cn®v ab-°p-c-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-

K-Øns‚ hn-jy-Øp-Isf kw_-‘n®v t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-Øp-I.

15. ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-]-tbm-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw hnap-‡-cm-b-h-cpsS

]¶mfnØw

AXmXv {]tZ-i-Øp≈ ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw hnap-‡-cm-

b-hsc Is≠Øn Ahsc t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-ØpI.

16. B‚n{UKv ¢∫p-Iƒ

(a) kvIqfp-Ifnepw tImtf-Pp-I-fnepw B‚n {UKv ¢∫p-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-

\mbn kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰v kvIqƒ / tImtfPv AtXm-dn‰nbpambn _‘-

s∏´v {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXp-aqew Ip´n-Isf tdmƒ tamU-ep-I-fmbn

Db¿Øn sIm≠p-h-cm\pw AhcpsS kplr-Øp-°sf ab-°p-a-cp∂v Zpcp-]-

tbm-K-Øn-s\-Xnsc t_m[-h¬°-cn-°m\pw Ign-bpw.

(b) B‚n-{UKv ¢∫p-Iƒ apJm-¥ncw kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ kvIqƒ, tImtfPv

F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ t_m[-h-ev°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ, kwth-Z\]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ

Ch \S-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn-\mbn eoK¬ km£-cX ¢m p-Iƒ, eoK¬

k¿Δokv ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ F∂nh ta¬∏-d™ {]Imcw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

17. ]mcm- -eo-K¬ thmf‚n-tb-gvkns‚ CS-s]-S¬

hnhn[ {]tZ-i-ßƒ kμ¿in®v ab°p acp-∂p-I-fp-sSbpw elcn ]Zm¿∞-

ß-fp-sSbpw Zpcp-]-tbm-Khpw AXns‚ tZmj- -ehpw P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬

t_m[-h¬°-cWw \S-Øp-I,hnhn[ kvIoap-I-sf-∏‰n ¢ms -Sp-°pI, F∂nh

119

]mcm eoK¬ thmf‚n-b-dpsS Npa-X-e-bm-Wv.

18. \√ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p≈ AwKo-Imcw

Hmtcm kmº-ØnIh¿jm¥yØnepw G‰hpw anI® kvs]jy¬ bqWn-‰p-

I-sf Ah-cpsS {it≤-b-amb {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

Is≠Øn, {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf FSpØp ]d-™p-sIm≠v, Ch-cpsS {]h¿Ø-

\-ßƒ°v AwKo-Imcw \¬Ip-I.

120

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