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Give Blood.Donating blood is a simple thing to do, but it can make a big difference in the lives of others.

DID YOU KNOW?

All About Blood TypesAlthough all blood is made of the same basic elements, not all blood is alike. In fact, there are eight different common blood types, which are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens substances that can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the body. Since some antigens can trigger a patient's immune system to attack the transfused blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching.

In addition to the A and B antigens, there is a third antigen called the Rh factor, which can be either present (+) or absent ( ). In general, Rh negative blood is given to Rh-negative patients, and Rh positive blood or Rh negative blood may be given to Rh positive patients.

The universal red cell donor has Type O negative blood type.The universal plasma donor has Type AB positive blood type.Blood ComponentsHow can one donation help multiple people?In modern medical treatments, patients may receive a pint of whole blood or just specific components of the blood needed to treat their particular condition. Up to four components can be derived from donated blood. This approach to treatment, referred to as blood component therapy, allows several patients to benefit from one pint of donated whole blood. The main transfusable blood components include:

Whole BloodWhole blood contains red cells, white cells, and platelets (~45% of volume) suspended in plasma (~55% of volume).Red cellsRed cells, or erythrocytes, carry oxygen from the lungs to your bodys tissue and take carbon dioxide back to your lungs to be exhaled.PlateletsPlatelets, or thrombocytes, are small, colorless cell fragments in the blood whose main function is to interact with clotting proteins to stop or prevent bleeding.PlasmaPlasma is a fluid, composed of about 92% water, 7% vital proteins such as albumin, gamma globulin, anti- hemophilic factor, and other clotting factors, and 1% mineral salts, sugars, fats, hormones and vitamins.What Happens to Donated Blood?

Step 1: The DonationDonor registersHealth history and mini physical are completedAbout 1 pint of blood and several small test tubes are collected from each donorThe bag, test tubes and the donor record are labeled with an identical bar code label to keep track of the donationThe donation is stored in iced coolers until it is transported to a Red Cross center

Step 2: ProcessingDonated blood is scanned into a computer databaseMost blood is spun in centrifuges to separate the transfusable components red cells, platelets, and plasmaThe primary components like plasma, can be further manufactured into components such as cryoprecipitateRed cells are then leuko-reducedSingle donor platelets are leukoreduced and bacterially tested.Test tubes are sent for testing.

Steps 2 and 3 take place in parallelThe test tubes are received in one of three Red Cross National Testing LaboratoriesA dozen tests are performed on each unit of donated blood to establish the blood type and test for infectious diseasesTest results are transferred electronically to the manufacturing facility within 24 hoursIf a test result is positive, the unit is discarded and the donor is notified. Test results are confidential and are only shared with the donor, except as may be required by law

When test results are received, units suitable for transfusion are labeled and storedRed Cells are stored in refrigerators at 6C for up to 42 daysPlatelets are stored at room temperature in agitators for up to five daysPlasma and cryo are frozen and stored in freezers for up to one year

Blood is available to be shipped to hospitals 24 hours a day, 7 days a weekThank you