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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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COVERING LETTER
9'h April, 2013.
SUB: Shaik Ahamed Basha-Sunior Research Fellow-Conducting Research Study on Managerial Attitudes on Corporate Social Responsibility in Various Banks- Hyderabad Region -A.P-Cooperation Requested-regarding.
Mr.Shaik Ahamed Basha is Pursuing Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) under my guidance as a Regular Scholar in Department of Management Studies ,Sri Venkateswarta University(Tirupati) .To complete his Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) , he need yours co- operation and co-ordination so as to enable him to acquired data for his research work. The area of research is regarding Managerial Attitudes on Corporate Social Responsibility of various banks in the Hyderabad region of Andhra Pradesh. As a part of research he ha5 to acquire primary data through structured questionnaire and direct interviews from the managers at the Managerial level.
Therefore I request to extend your co-operation and also spare some of your valuable time in giving guidance and filling the enclosed questionnaire and help us in producing meaningful study .Hope you will do the needful.
Thanking You Sir,
Yours Faithfully
(Prof.B.Suresh Rao)
Corporate Social Responsibiliry in Public and Private Sector
Banks in Andhra Pradesh: A Study of Managerial Attitudes
PART-A - R E S P O N D E K T S I K F O R M A T I O N
1. NAME
2. AGE
3. GENDER
4, DESIGNATION
5. EXPERIENCE IN SBI/HDFC/ICICI/AB:
6. TOTAL EXPERIENCE :
7. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION : (PLEASE TICK)
*:* Graduate I 1
*:* Post Graduate 1 1
9 Doctorate 1 1
*:* Any Other Qualification (Please Specify)
8. EMPLOYMENT STATUS : ' Permanent Employee/Temporary
Employee
9. ARE YOU THE NATIVE OF HYDERABAD? Yes 1 NO
10. DO YOU BELONGS TO ANDHRA PRADESH? Yes / NO
1) IN YOUR VIEW WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS INFLUENCES MANAGERIAL
ATTITUDES TOWARDS CORPORI TE S O ~ A L Ri?~po~S/8~LllY (CSR)?
NOTE: Please Rate/Tick vour level o f agreement (Stronaly Agree, Aarec, Neither Aprec
or Disagree, Disaaree. Stronalv Disanree) to all the foilowinp outions aiven below -
i. Family Upbringing
S ( ~ t r o n g l ~ Agee ) 1 4 ( ~ ~ r e e ) 3 (Neither Agrcc or Disa~rw) 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
ii. Traditional Beliefs and Customs
S(~trong1y Agree) I 4 ( ~ ~ r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disagrr*)
iii. Industry Practices
5(strongly Agree) 1 4(Aeree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Dislgree)
iv. Educational Training
S(Strongly Agree) I 4 ( ~ g r e e ) 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
v. Behavior of Superiors
S(,Strongly Agree) 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither A g m or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
2) IN YOUR How IMPORTANT ARE THE FOLLOWING FACTORS WHICH
DETERMINES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (MRl CONSIDERATIONS
f lor~: Please RatelTick vour level o f Importance (Most Importance, Important, Neither
Important or Unimportant, Unimportant, Most Important ) to all the followina Statements
given below -Please Rate all o f the Followina Statemenls Without Fail)
i. CSR considerations can be determined through need of the Society
5(strongly Agree) 4 ( ~ ~ r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Dialgree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Di~ngree)
ii. CSR considerations can be determined for organizational Benefits
5(~trongiy Agrcr) 1 4(~grec ) I .? (Neither Agreear Disagree) 1 2 (1)isagree) I 1 (Strongly Dirrpree)
iii. CSR considerations can be determined through the pressure from civil
society Organization
S(Strongly Agree) I 4 ( ~ ~ r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 ((Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disngrcr)
iv. CSR considerations can be determined through the pressure from the
government
3) IN YOUR OPINION WHAT ARE THE MOST AND LEAST IMPORTANT DRIVING
FACTORS OF C O ~ M R SOCIAL RESPONSI).~IW (CSR' ACTIVITIES
/NOTE: % a ~ accosdity to their importance from most importance to bast important, !Ex:- Nkt
~mportant is '1' and kast important is 82
RANK
i Rising International Standards
ii. Rising Domestic Standards
... m. Domestic Regulations
iv. Increasing Awareness
v. Company Reputation
vi. Company Group Pressure
vii. Company Ethical Values -
viii. Company Benefits
4) IN YOUR OPINION HOW IMPORTANT IS THE FOLLOWING STATEMENT IN
INCREASING THE IMAGE OF THC BANK IN THE SocleTY
Doing CSR Activities increases bank's image in the society
%.st Important) 1 4(~mprtant) 1 3 (Ndlher importanl or Unimpofla.) 1 2 (Unimportant) 1 1 ( M u Unimportant)
5) P~ense RANK THE FOLLOWING SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITT ARM IN ORDER OF
THEIR IMPORTANCE USING NUMERICAL NUMBERS, IN THE ORDER OF
DECREASING IMPORTANCE.
NOTE: R a d acwrdiy to their importance from most importance tn h t important, 'tx:- Most Important is '1 ' and kast important is '8'
i. Society Relief and Reconstruction -
(Donating of National Causes during war and other national calamities like tsunamis, Earth quakes, droughts, cyclones, Rehabilitdtion, famines and floods and also taking part in the social rehabilitation progrilmmes)
ii. Internal Employee Service and Benefit Programme (Legal Aid, Family Planning etc.)
iii. Encouraging Consumerism (Consumer education and support to consumer councils, opening special account, scholarships/stipends, loans for underprivileged, etc.)
iv. Pollution Control
(Creating Agencies for developing improved system of environmental management, tree plantation, Environmental Awareness Programmes, Funding Environmental Projects, Green 0anking.etc.)
v. Rural Development
(Adopting of villages, loans to under privileged, women development
vi. Education
(Vocational training, Literacy Programmes lWorkshops1 seminar and their sponsorships, education loans, Interest FreelLess Interest Education Loans, Adoption of a GirllChildiboy)
vii. Social Improvement Programmes
(Contributing to the promotion of education , health , education loans, sports, religion, Blood Donations, Rural Development, AIDS Awareness Programmes, Medical Camps, Rural development, Insurance schemes, Family Planning )
viii. Resource Conversional Measures
(Augmenting the supply of replenishable resources, preserving animal life and ecology of forest)
6) AMONG THE FOLLOWING USTED SOCIAL RCSPONSIBILITT AREAIS, WHICH A-8
DO YOU R@OARD AS MORE DIFFICULT ONES FOR BANKS TO IMPLEMENT?
(N072: Rar&aerodiqq to tfieir importaw jrm most importance to h t important, I&:- Most
Important is ' l ' a n d h t important is '81
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
RANK - Society Relief and Reconstruction
(Donating of National Causes during war and other national calam~ties like
tsunamis, Earth quakes, droughts, cyclones, Rehabilitation, farnines and floods
and also taking part in the social rehabilitation progrdmmes)
Internal Employee Service and Benefit Programme
(Legal Aid, Family Planning etc.)
Encouraging Consumerism
(Consumer education and support to consumer councils, opening special
account, scholarshipslstipends, loans for underprivileged, etc.)
Pollution Control
(Creating Agencies for developing improved system of environmental
management, tree plantation, Environmental Awareness Programmes, Funding
Environmental Projects, Green Banking.etc.)
Rural Development
(Adopting of villages, loans to under privileged, women development
Education
(Vocational training, Literacy Programmes /Workshops/ seminar and their
sponsorships, education loans, Interest FreeILess Interest Education Loans,
Adoption of a GirlIChildiboy)
Social Improvement Programmes
(Contributing to the promotion of education , health , education loans, sports,
religion, Blood Donations, Rural Development, AIDS Awareness Programmes,
Medical Camps, Rural development, Insurance schemes, Family Planning )
Resource Conversional Measures
(Augmenting the supply of replenishable resources, preserving animal life and
ecology of forest)
7) IN YOUR OBSERVATION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWNO CONCEPrS IS MOST
SUITABLE FOR THE MEANING OF CORPOUTE SOCIM WSPONSIBILW. (PLUSC
TICK ANY ONE CONCEPT WHICH IS SUITABLE TO THE MeANlNO OF CORPORATE
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY)
@TE:%NYWEX./~~~ any one of tlie fohm'w 0%
1. CORPORATE SOC~AL RCSPONSIBILITY (CsR) IS A CONCEPT WHICH CAN BE
EXPLAINED AS.. . . ..
i. A Business commitment to contribute to sustainable ( 1 economic development, working with employees,
their families, the local community, and society at
large to improve their quality of life.
ii. The integration of business operations and values whereby (
the interests of all stakeholders including customers,
employees, investors and the environment are reflected
In the company's policies and actions.
iii. A concept whereby companies integrate social and ( )
environmental concerns in their business operations
and in their interaction with their stakeholders
on a voluntary basis
iv. Corporate social responsibility is essentially a concept ( 1
whereby companies decide voluntarily to contribute to
a better society Environmental and a cleaner environment
V. Business decision making linked to ethical, values, ( )
compliance with legal requirements and respect for
people, communities and the Social environment
8) PLEASE RATE ON THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ON THE RLASON BEHIND
IMPLEMENT1NG C O R P O ~ TE SOCIAL RPSPONSIB~LITY (CSR' ACTIVITIES
NOTE: Please RateRick vour level o f agreement (Stronalv Agree, Agree, Neither Apree or Disagree. Disaaree, Stronglv Disagree) to all the follo~ling options ~ i v e n below -Please Rate all o f the Followinp Without Fail.
i. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is to feel responsible towards
the society as we also know that bank is also a part of the society
S(~ t rong ly ~ g r e e ) 1 d(Aprec) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disapree) 1 1 ( S t r o ~ ~ ~ i y Dirngrer)
ii. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is for ihe Collective Progress
of the Society
s(Strong1y Agree) 1 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither Agreeor Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Stro~~gly Disagree)
iii. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is for the Economic Progress
of the Country
S ( ~ t r a n ~ l y Agree) 1 4(l\rree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Di%agrec) 1 (Strongly Disagree)
iv. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is to Develop the Image of the
Bank
S ( ~ t r o n g l ~ Agree) 1 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 (Strongly Disagree)
v. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is to Grab Media Attention
5 ( ~ t r o n ~ l y Agree) 1 4 ( ~ g r e e ) 3 (Neithcr Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Dlssgree) 1 (Stronlly Diwgrce)
vi. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is to Attract More Number of
Customers
setrongh Agree) 1 4(&ree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disnyn) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
xli
vii. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is to Attract More Investors
5(~trongly Agree) 1 4 ( ~ g r e e ) 1 3 (Nelthcr Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strungly Disagree)
viii. The Reason Behind Implementing CSR activities is for TAX Exemption
S(~trongly Agrec) 1 h p r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agrec or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Dinrgr~e)
(TAXExemption under Section 80-G of the Income 7tr.r Act,fbr charities and
Donations)
9) ' BESIDE BANKING INDUSTRY OTHER INDUSTRIES AND CORPORATlONS SHOULD
ALSO IMPLEMENT CsR PROGRAMMES "
S ( ~ i r o n g l ~ Agree) 4 ( ~ g r e c ) 1 3 (Neither Agrcc or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 (Strollply Disagree)
10) IN YOUR OPINION HOW IMPORTANT IS THE FOLLOWING PLACES IN DISCLOSING
CSR RELATED INFORMATION TO READERS OR INTERESTED OROUPS?
IN: 0 ~ ~ P l e a s e RateRick Your level oflmportance (Most Im~ortance, Important, Neither
Imuortant or Unimvortant, Unimportant. Most Imuortant ) to all the follow in^ Stalements
given below -Please Rate all o f the Followinn Stalements Without Fall)
i. CSR Information Should be disclosed in the Bank's Websites
S(Most Importnat) 1 4(lmportant) 3 (Neither Important or Un Importmr) 1 2 (Ilnimportnnf) I 1 (Moat
[Illimportant)
ii. CSR Information Should be disclosed in the CSR Annual Reports of the bank
5 ( ~ o s t Important) 1 4(lmportant) 1 3 (Neither In~portant or Un Important) 1 2 (Ilnimporta~~t) 1 1 (Mort
Unimportasl)
iii. Separate website should be maintained for Disclosing CSR related activities
S(Most lmportant) 4(lmportant) 1 3 (Neithcr lmportanl or Iln Important) 1 2 (Ilnimportant) 1 1 (Mosl
Ilnimportant)
iv. CSR Information should be provided in All bank branches
~ ( M O Y Important) 4(lmport~ot) 3 (Neither lnyoflant or IJn Importat~t) 1 2 (llnlmpo~ant) 1 1 (MwI
Unimportant)
11) IN YOUR VIEW WHICH OF THE FOLLOMNG CHANNEL IS MOST IMPORTANT
FOR COMMUNlCATlNG CSR RELATED INFORMATION TO THE ~AKEHOLDERS?
(RANK ACCORDING TO THEIR IMPORTANCE LIKE !,I[, 111, Iv. .... x)
(Nm: R a ~ a c c a r d i y to their importancefrom most importam to hat important, Q:- Most
Important is '1' andhast important is '87
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
X.
RANKS -
Through Letters ........................
Through SMSl Mails .........................
Through Advertisements in Print Media .........................
Through Displayed Boards .........................
Through Electronic media .........................
On Social Networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Orkut, Youl'ube ----------
On ATM Operating Screens and Printed Slips .........................
On Pass Books and Check Books .........................
On DeposittWithdrawal FormsJDD forms .........................
In Quarterly Magazines .........................
12) I N YOUR vl@w How IMPORTANT IS THE FOLLOWlNQ OROUW IN DlSCLOSlNO
CSR RELATED INFORMATION?
(9/m : I l a ~ a c u l r d i y to their importancefrom most importaw to hact important, I&:- Mat
Important is '1' andhast important k 8)
Rank
i. Customer
ii. Society
iii. Shareholders
iv. Employee
v. Government
1s) PLEASE RESPOND TO THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS MENTIONED BELOW:
NOTE: Please RateITick vour level o f agreement (Stronglv Agree. Agree, Neither Agree or Disagree, Disa~ree, Stronalv Disapree) to all the followinp options given below -Please Rate all o f the Following Without Fail.
i. Bank is mainly responsible for making profits as long as it performs legally.
5(strongly Agree) 4 (~gree ) (Neither Agrec or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Diragrce)
ii. Bank is supposed to have a definite responsibility towards society apart from
making a profit.
5(~trongly Agree) 1 4(Agrec) 1 3 meither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
iii. Corporate social programmes create a favorable image for the banks in the
society.
5(~trongly Agree) 4(~~rec) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
iv. Society expects banks to solve social problems as well as to offer qualitative
services.
5(~trongly Agree) 4(~~rec) 1 3 (Neither Agrce or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disagree)
v. Social involvement is the self interest of the banks and it is not compulsory.
5(Strongly Agree) 1 4(~~ree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 (Strongly Disagrec)
vi. Participation of banks in improving the community's quality of life, will also
improve its profitability.
5(~tron~ly Agree) 1 4(~gree) 1 3 (Neither Agrcc or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disagree)
vii. Long-run success of the banks depends on its involvement in social issues of the
society.
5(Strongly Agrec) /4(Agree) 13 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 (Strongly Disagree)
viii.
ix.
X.
xi.
xii.
xiii.
xiv.
xv.
CSR has a positive impact on the profitability of the bank and also increases the
images of the bank in the society.
'(strongly Agree) I 4(~gree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 (Strongly Disagree)
Managers at all levels need to be trained efficiently in all aspects including social
involvement, so as to manage financial institutions (banks) and also to solve
social problems prevailing in the society.
%strongly Agree) 1 $(~gree) 3 (Neither Agree o r Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
Since banks have such a sustainable amount of societies managerial and financial
resources they should be expected to solve social problems.
5(strongly Agree) I 4(ngree) 3 (NeitLer Agreeor Disagree) 12 (Disagree) 1 (Strongly Diaagree)
The most important purpose of Banks is to make profits without being concerned
about social problems.
S(~ t rong ly Agree) 1 4 ( ~ ~ r e t ) 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Diaagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
Bank already have too many responsibilities like economic, legal, political and
governmental responsibility and should not engage in social responsibility.
5(strongly Agree) 1 4 ( ~ ~ r c e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
A bank that ignores social responsibility can obtain a cost advantage over
other banks that does involve in social responsibility.
'(strongly Agree) 1 4(~g,ree) 1 3 (Neither Agree o r Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disagree)
A bank that wishes to capture a favorable public impression will have to show
that it is socially responsible.
S ( ~ t r o n g 1 ~ Agree) 1 4 ( ~ ~ r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disngree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
Spending money and time on social problems will drive up unnecessary cost and
drives banks out of their core business Purpose.
5(~trongly Agree) 4 ( ~ g r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagrec) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
xvi. Bank Managers are trained efficiently to manage financial institutions(banks)
and not to work on social problems.
5(~trongly Agree) I 4 ( ~ g r e e ) 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strosgly Disr~ree)
xvii. There is no link with social involvement to profitability ofthe bank.
S ( ~ t r o n d y Agree) 4 ( ~ g r e e ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Strongly Dirngme)
xviii. Image of the banks can be increased through good service of the bank not by
Social activities like CSR programmers
S(Strong1y Agree) 1 4 ( ~ g r m ) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disagree)
14) CUSTOMERS ARE IMPORTANT PART OF THE BANK ,THEY OPEN ACCOUNTS
,LEND AND SAVE MONEY, OBTAIN LOANS, AND GENERATE PROFl73 TO THE
8ANK, BANK EXIST BECAUSE OF IPS CUSTOMERS SO BANK'S SHOULD
DISCLOSE ITS SOCIAL ACTIVITIES TO ITS CUSTOMER@
s (~ t rong ly Agree) 1 4 ( ~ ~ r e e ) 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagrec) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
q S IT NECESSARY FOR THE PRESENT-DAY BANK MANAGERS TO BE
MORE CONCERNED ABOUT SOCIAL RESPONSIBILIT~
i. Yes
ii. No
xlviii
16) Do You THINK THERE SHOULD BE A CSR CELL IN EVERY BANK (REGIONAL)
,WHICH MANAOES CSR RELATED ACTIVITIES. ?
i. Yes
ii. No
17) WHILE ALLOCATING BUDGET DURING THE FINANCIAL YEAR A SEPARATE
BUDGET TO CSR ACTIVITIES /SOCIAL ACTIVITIES NEEDS TO BE ALLOCATED?
i. Yes
ii. No
18) U G o v ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r AND OTHER SOCIAL AGENCIES HAS FAILED TO SOLVE
SOCIAL PROBLEMS PREVAILING IN THE SOCIETY ,SO BANKS SHOULD ATTEMPT
HOW TO SOL YE SOCIAL PROBLEMS"
5(strongly Agree) I 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disa~ree) 1 2 (Dirsgrec) 1 1 (Strongly Disagree)
19) CSR ACTIVITIES IMPACT CUSTOMER A~CITUDE AND BEHAVIOR
POSITIVELY TOWARDS THE BAN@
S(strongly Agree) 1 4(&ree) 1 3 (Neither Agrw or Disagree) 1 2 (Dlrapee) I 1 (Strongy Disagree)
20) RESPONSlBlLlTY OF THE BANK SHOULD BE HIGH TOWARDS 3
Note: Please Rate/Tick your level o f apreement (Stronglv Agree, Agree, Neither Agree or Disagree, Disagree. Stronalv Disaaree) to all the followinp options given below -Please Rate all o f the Followina Without Fail.
i. Bank should be Highly Responsible Towards its Customers
5 ( ~ t r o n ~ l y Agree) 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Dirngrw)
ii. Bank should be Highly Responsible Towards the Community
S(~trongly Agree) 4(&ree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 1 (Stron~ly Di~rgree)
iii. Bank should be Highly Responsible Towards its Shareholders
S(~trongly Agree) 1 4(~gree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) 1 (Strongly Disagree)
iv. Bank should be Highly Responsible Towards its employees
s(~trongly Agree) 1 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 1 2 (Disagree) I 1 (Strongly Disagree)
v. Bank should be Highly Responsible Towards the Government .
S(~trong1y Agree) I 4(Agree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Disagree) 2 (Disagr~v) 1 (Strongly Dlrrpree)
vi. Bank should be Highly Responsible Towards the Environment
S ( ~ t r o n g l ~ Agree) I &ree) 1 3 (Neither Agree or Dira~rcc) 2 (Diwagree) 1 1 (Stmngly Disagree)
Thank You Very Much for Your Co-operation.
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Shaik Ahamed Basha,
Senior Research Fellow,
Dept of Management Studies,
SV Univeristy, Timpathi.
+91 9177857640.
Shankar Kondhekar
Respected Participant, I
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FACTORS INFLUENCING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INITIATIVES: A STUDY OF
MANAGERIAL ATTITUDES IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS IN ANDHRA PRADESH
BY
SHAIK AHAMED BASHA,
Senior Research Fellow,
Department of Management Studies,
SV University,Tirupati-5 1750 1 (A.P.)
INTRODUCTION:
The business enterprises are the inseparable and the integral part of the society and are like living
social organisms endowed with all the essential characteristics of this dynamic world to born,
live, grow and prosper. An organization receives inputs from society in the 'form of
skilled/unskilled labor, raw material and natural resources, and, in turn, offers goods and services
to society. Thus businesses depend on society for their existence and it is in their interest to take
care of society.
Profit making should not be the only objective of an organization; rather it should
embrace the interests of all stakeholders & the community people at large for the long-term
sustainability & growth. In decision making, an organization should consider the impact of its
activities on the environment & all other stakeholders.
Corporate social Responsibility (CSR) is the responsibilities of an organization to
proactively promote the public interest by encouraging community growth and voluntarily
eliminating practices that harm the public interests. It is the deliberate inclusion of public interest
into corporate decision-making. Broadly, CSR activities of an organization should embrace to
honouring the three P's-People, Planet and Profit. CSR policy would function as a self-regulating
mechanism, where business would ensure the adherence to laws & ethical norms.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Cies and Leinbach (1983) examined the determinants of manager's attitudes towards
CSR and found that family training and upbringing was rated as the most important factor
determining manager's attitudes towards CSR followed by religious training.
Abdul Rashid and Abdulla (1991) judged that family upbringing was rated as the most
important that, followed by religious training. The conduct of superiors was ranked third,
followed by traditional beliefs and customs.
Md Zabd Abdul Rashid and Saadiatul Ibrahim (2002) examines the attitudes of
Malaysian managers and executives towards social responsibility and factors determining the
attitudes towards social responsibility using structured questionnaires on 198 responses. Nearly
all the respondents agreed that their companies were involved in socially responsible activities
and the factors determining the attitude towards socially responsibility was family upbringing.
The other factors were traditional beliefs, customs and common practices in the industry.
Ali M. Quazi (2003) in a survey of Australian corporate managers revealed that there is a
significant relationship between the level of education, training status and religiosity of
managers and their perception of corporafe social responsibility (CSR). The findings indicate
that managerial commitment to CSR is linked with the acquired qualities (education and
training) rather than their inherent physical maturity (age). Religious metaphors seem to
influence managers' perception of social commitment suggesting that theology is also an
important determinant of the ethical perceptions of Australian corporate managers. These
findings have important implications for personnel policies of socially responsive corporations.
Mahabir Narwal(2007) highlighted the corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives
taken by the Indian Banking Industry, which can help them to enhance their overall
performance. The research is based on the survey questionnaire, administered to 33 public-
private sector banks in Northern Haryana, including its capital Chandigarh, which has been
analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The findings suggest that
banks have an objective view-point about CSR activities. They are concentrating mainly on
education, balanced growth (different strata of society), health, environmental marketing and
customer satisfaction as their core CSR activities. The Indian banking industry is found to be
adopting an integrated approach by combining CSR with the ultimate customer satisfaction.
Irrespective of location, the nature of CSR activities undertaken by banks is found to be
similar.
Paolo Maccarrone (2009) conducted an empirical analysis using case study
methodology to find out the factors influencing the attitudes towards corporate social
responsibility of Italian companies .The result shows that some industry-specific factors seem
to have a great importance in shaping the CSR strategy of the firm. In particular, from this
analysis relevant factors turned out to be the company size, the degree of internationalization,
the fact of being publicly traded or not, and the synergies overall business strategy.
Roland K. Yeo and Mohamed A. Youssef(2010) in their research explore the factors
that would make an impact on the corporate image of large commercial banks in Saudi Arabia
through the perceptions of direct customers. Questionnaire, presented in English and Arabic,
was piloted and tested to a group of banking customers in three major cities of Saudi Arabia
and the Results indicate that three factors significantly influence perception: "financial
prospects", "corporate management" and 'korporate communication
Graeme Newell and Chyi Lin Lee (2012) empirically examines the impact of CSR
factors and financial factors on the p.erfonnance of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITS) iq
Australia (A-REITs) and assess whether these three CSR factors are separately priced by A-
REIT investors in uniquely adding value to A-REIT investment performance. Using CSR
rating factors and financial factors for the 16 A-REITs in the ASX200, cross-sectional multi-
factor models are employed to identify the separate pricing of these CSR factors in A-REIT
performance over 2005-2010. The empirical results show that the environmental, social and
corporate governance dimensions of CSR are not currently separately priced by A-REIT
investors, with most of the A-REIT performance accounted for by the financial factors.
Amongst the three CSR dimensions, corporate governance is seen to be the most influential
CSR factor on A-REIT performance.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS:
The ongoing debate on the factors influencing managerial attitudes towards corporate social
responsibilities initiatives gives rise to some questions:
(1) What are the attitudes of the managers of public and private sector banks towards h e
factors influencing corporate social responsibility initiatives?
(2) Weather the attitude of managers working in public and private sector banks differ
significantly towards the factors influencing corporate social responsibility initiatives?
An extensive research has been undertaken to quantify the research of what managers think
about the factors influencing corporate social responsibility initiatives, The ongoing research has
provided the base for the firther study.
OBJECTnTES:
The following are the objectives of the Study:
To Analyze the factors influencing managerial attitudes towards corporate Social
Responsibility in the selected organizations
To compare and examine the Attitudes of Managers of public and private sector banks on
factors influencing managerial attitudes towards corporate social responsibility.
HYPOTHESIS:
The following hypothesis is established by the researcher for the study:
Null Hypothesis, Hal: There is no significant difference between the attitudes of
managers working in public and private sector banks towards the Factors Influencing CSR
Initiatives.
Alternative Hypothesi,~, HI: There is a significant difference between the attitudes of
managers working in public and private sector banks towards the Factors Influencing CSR
Initiatives.
METHODOLOGY:
Information has been collected using both primary and secondary methods. A five point
likert question related to the factors influencing corporate social responsibility initiatives has
been designed in order to fulfill the objectives of the study ranging from "Strongly Agree" to
"Strongly Disagree" was used, and the respondents were simple asked to indicate weather or to
what extent they agreed or disagreed with the particular statement. In addition to the above
mentioned primary source of information, secondary data has been collected through textbook,
articles, research papers, reports. Newspaper and internet sites.
The likert question is developed mainly on the basic of the past studies of Lyman
E.Ostlund (1977), Krishnamacharyulu C.S.G (1983), Christopher Orpen (1987), Lalitha
Rarnakrishnan (1994), Ali M.Quazi (1997), Mahabir Narwal (2007), Md Zabid Abdul Rashid
and Saadiatul Ibrahim (2002), Daniel Ofori(2010). The likert question were randomly distributed
by the enumerator in selected public and private sector banks in the Hyderabad city of Andhra
Pradesh. A total of 200 responses were used for analysis in this study.
Survey was conducted among 200 respondents in 3 public and 3 private sector banks.
The questionnaires were designed by drawing some information from sources of literature. The
Question was pre-tested in some banks before the study to determine whether the questions are
realistic and could be generalized across firms and are understandable in general context of the
overall study. The main purpose for the pilot study is to ensure that the survey material and
procedure were clear and not prove any confusion or problems for participants. Resultants
comments and suggestions have been incorporated into the frnal question related to the factors
influencing corporate social responsibility initiatives.
The Sampling Unit chosen for the study is Hyderabad district of Andhra Pradesh. Six
banks were chosen to reppsent the attitudes of bank managers in Hyderabad region of Andhra
Pradesh, 3 public sector banks and 3 private sector banks are chosen for the Study. Area
sampling technique has been adopted in the study. The sampling unit is divided in various areas
like east, west, north, south and central Hyderabad, out of which 20 branches are drawn each
area. The totals of 200 Branches are drawn from the selected public and private sector banks.
The study is limited to managerial attitudes and the respondents included in the study are middle
Managers i.e., mangers at the branch level only. No questionnaire has been distributed to top
managers and regional managers and lower level managers.
MANAGERIAL ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE FACTORS INFLUENCING CSR INITIATIVES :
The mean scores, ranks,' chi-square q d p-value on the responses of managers working in
public and private sector banks on the factors influencing managerial attitudes towards CSR
initiatives has been presented in the table given Below. The chi square test is adopted to find the
significant difference between the attitude of managers in public and private sector banks with
respect to the factors influencing managerial attitudes.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING AND COMPARATIVE STUDY:
Null Hypothesis Ho, There is no significant difference between the attitude of managers
working in public and private sector banks towards the Factors Influencing CSR Initiatives
Alternate Hypothesis HI: There is a significant difference between the attitude of managers
working in public and private sector banks towards the Factors Influencing CSR Initiatives
Since the p-value is greater than and equal to critical value there is no significant in the
attitudes of managers working in public and private sector banks towards the factors influencing
managerial attitudes towards corporate social responsibility. Hence the null hypothesis is
accepted for the factors like Industry Practices, Educational Training and Behaviour of superiors.
Since the P-Value is less than the critical value at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance and the
Alternative Hypothesis (HI) is accepted for the factors like family upbringing and Traditional
Beliefs & Customs. This shows that there is a significant difference in the attitudes of managers
working in public and private sector banks towards the factors influencing managerial attitudes
towards corporate social responsibility like family upbringing and Traditional Beliefs &
customs.
RESEARCH FINDINGS:
The managers working in bother the sector have positive opinion on the factors
influencing managerial attitudes towards corporate social responsibility initiatives. Family
upbringing and traditional Beliefs and Customs influencing the managers mostly when compared
to other factors. Further it can be noted that Educational training and Behavior of Superiors are
the least influencing factor. The attitudes of managers working in public and private sector banks
has different opinions with respect to the factors influencing managerial attitudes towards
corporate social responsibility like family upbringing and Traditional Beliefs and Customs .The
opinion of the manager has similar opinions on other factors like Industry Practices, Educational
Training, and Behavior of Supervisors.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS:
The various social and financial situation of the family definitely influences the professional
preferences of the managers to a great extent. Family upbringing and traditional beliefs and
customs play a prominent role in ones individual educational and professional choices. Based on
the research findings, it is also found that family upbringing and traditional belief & Customs are
continuing be the main factor influencing managerial attitudes towards CSR behaviors. A
plethora of these factors also determines once professional decision towards the social and
financial positions and also parent's education, culture, mentality etc. The results of the research
also reveal the necessity that organizations should built an atmosphere of traditions and customs
which influence the professional choices of the managers.
Major organizations throughout the world now realize that corporate social responsibility
(CSR) is an important part of the company's operations because of its positive impact on society,
which in turn impact positively on staff members and the general public. Corporate social
responsibility (CSR) to be the commitment of owners of commercial activities to contribute in
sustainable development through working with their employees and their families , local
community and the society as a whole to upgrade the people's living standards in a certain way
that mes commerce and development in the same time . The fundamental problem with
corporate social responsibility (CSR) practice is that companies don't have a CSR strategy, but
rather numerous desperate CSR programmes and initiatives. Planning for corporate social
responsibility (CSR) should start with the identification of the activitieslprojects to be
undertaken. The approach to CSR planning needs to be shifted h m an ad-hoc, charity one to a
long-term sustainable approach.
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International Research Journal of Commerce, Business and Social Sciences (IRJCBSS)
ISSN: 2277 -9310
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY- A GUIDING PRINCIPLE TO ORGANIZATIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE COMPANIES SUCCESS AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Shaik Ahamed Basha
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDLES, SV UNIVERNTY (A.P.), INDIA.
The role of business in society has undergone numerous changes. Awareness of the impact of business on society and Environment has grown along with the increasing socio-regulatory pressures. It is no longer simple enough to employ people, make profits and pay taxes. Companies are now expected to be responsible, accountable and benefit the society as whole. Nowadays, Organizations are expected go. beyond their economic obligations and are particularly meticulous in considering and accounting their activities' impact on the environment.
In the world of commerce, the main "responsibilityn for Organizations has been to make Profits and increase investors value. In other words, corporate financial responsibility has been the sole bottom line driving force. Thus, beyond building profits, companies are responsible for the whole of their impact on people and the planet. "People" constitute the company's stakeholders: its human resources, consumers, business partners, investors, Suppliers and vendors. the government and the community. However, in the preceding decades, a movement defming broader corporate responsibilities- for the environment, for local communities, for working conditions and for ethical practices-has gathered momentum and taken hold. This new driving force is known as 'corporate social responsibility (CSR)'.
CSR has proved to generate numerous benefits for those firms that engage in socially responsible actions. Such benefits, from a marketing perspective, include consumers' positive product and brand evaluations, enhancement in brand image and p&sodity, store attractiveness, brand choice, brand loyalty and commitment, brand identification, identity attractiveness, brand recommendations, advocacy behaviors and firm value market. The issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) IS not new and incorporates views presented by ancient philosophers such as Aristotle. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as phenomenon is of interest for practitioners and researchers from varied fields like sociology, management, law, communication etc.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSlBlLIW :-
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to the relationship of a corporation with society as a whole. The conceptualization of the CSR has received much attention from the academia and numerous definitions on the term have been emerging in the literature. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development (2006) has defined CSR as the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families, as well as that of the local community and society at large.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be understood as a management concept and a process that integrates social and environmental concerns in business operations and a company's interactions with the full range of its stakeholders. Barnett (2007) defmes corporate social responsibility as "a discretionary allocation of corporate resources toward improving social welfare that serves as a means of enhancing relationships with key stakcholders."let (1997) explained CSR as the company's commitment tooperate in an economically and
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ISSN: 2277 -9310
environmentally sustainable manner, while acknowldging the interests of a variety of stakeholders and maximizing economic, social and environmental value.
CSR activities can affect financial performance through various channels, including sales, costs, and operational eficiency, financing, and litigation risk. A better CSR reputation can also transform in the increase in sales.CSR actions by a high service quality corporation will have greater positive impact on its business goals than the CSR actions of a low service quality firm, since in the high service quality finn, negative attributions that hurt outcomes are tmpercd.
Social responsibility disclosure has been broadly defined as the "process of communicating the social and environmental effects of organization's economic actions to particular intarest groups within society and to society at large". The corporate annual report has become more than a compulsory financial report for public companies, with many companies also using it as an important marketing tool. As corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an issue of budding interest in the business world, many publicly listed companies, including advertising agencies, are voluntarily disclosing information about their CSR activities in their annual reports. Corporate social and environmental reporting has gained value and attention in recent years as a part of sustainable development process across the globe.CSR reporting is a source of information vital to internal decision making, enabling companies to identify strengths and weaknesses across the whole corporate responsibility spectrum that in turn measure the value of long-term relationships and assets. Price Water House Cooper's international survey in early 2002 found that nearly 70 par cent of the global chief executives believed that addressing CSR was vital to their companies' profitability.
Messages about corporate ethical and socially responsible initiatives are likely to evoke strong and often positive reactions among stakeholders. Research has even pointed to the potential business bendits of the internal and external communication of corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts.
Corporate social responsibility reporting (CSRR) is generally left to the companies' discretion. As a result, companies have adopted varying forms of reporting such as "triple bottom line" or conformed to the standards of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) such as the Global Reporting Initiative or Social Accountability International. Across the last two decades there has been a huge deal of research into the social and environmental reporting practices of business operating in developed countries.
The communication of CSR activities is even seen as a prerequisite to achieve positive outcomes since stakeholders' identification with finn relies on its awareness about business' impacts on specific issues. Current CSR disclosures expand sustainability issues beyond environmental considerations; this trend is particularly pronounced in some countries like Europe and in Japan. One of the operational tools by which companies can demonstrate this social responsibility is narrative repohing of CSR, which has been recognized as the provision of financial and non-financial information relating to an organization's interaction with its physical and social environment.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFAWION :-
Socially oriented companies must be able to differentiate themselves from competitors, boost customer satisfaction and improve their reputation through optimistic stakeholder response to their actions. Researchers conclude that a positive relationship exists between CSR actions and consumer attitudes towards a company. Companies are obtaining corporate social responsibility to regain consumer confidence, trust and Patronage, many will be looking for a way to change their image in the public eye.
Customer satisfaction is defined as an overall evaluation based on the customer's total purchase and consumption practice with a good or gavice over time. In the marketing journalism, customer satisfaction has been
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International Research Journal of Commerce, Business and Social Sciences (IRJCBSS)
ISSN: 2277 -9310
documented as an important part of corporate strategy and a key driver of firm long-tctm profitability and market value. Consumers have on the whole been overlooked in CSR research due to the intense focus on investors, business partners and government by both the corporate and the academic world. Furthennore, the role of the consumer has changed considerably over the last ten to 20 years, resulting in a very complex relationship between companies and consumers.
Beckmann (2007) summarizes research on consumer perception and response towards CSR and suggests that there are positive relationships between a company's CSR activity and consumers' reactions to that company and its product. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) increasingly receives attention from managers and researchers, especially in the area of consumer perception and response of CSR.A great deal of research has already shown that CSR programs do have a strong influence on consumers. More specifically, it would appear that CSR has both a direct and an indirect effect on consumer responses to products
To be globally competitive and acceptable, companies have to ensure that they establish a reputation base that would support their efforts. Corporate reputation is the external manifestation of corporate excellence and is built upon a company's product or service reputation, its business reputation and credibility in financial markets. Companies need to reconfirm and reiterate to themselves that they operate with in a society with its sanction and authority and ultimately for the common good of its largest part, not just for itself or it8 shareholders, employees and managers alone.
Societal Marketing and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) have gained immense attention in the last few decades from researchers as well as practitioners. Companies today behave in a socially responsible manner. Some companies undertake such activities for statutory reasons, while there are businesses which try to meet customers' demands related to their responsibilities. Some companies even practice societal marketing with an intention of retaining their customers for a much longer period. The past three decades have witnessed the emergence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a field of study and a framework for the role of business corporations and financial institutions in society. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) considers private companies as potentially important development agents, particularly in partnership with the government.
A move toward social responsibility would be a fundamental change for business. In the last two decades society has been considering the issue of CSR. It appears that the direction of change has already been decided. Society wants business as well as other major institutions to assume significant social responsibility, which is the hallmark of a mature and global civilization. Organizations have a large, positive or negative, direct or indirect influence on every party in society. In general, in the literature, any action taken for society as a whole or for a particular party within society is considered as CSR. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a relatively recent phenomenon imbibed in corporate business culture today; although the thought those organizations do have social responsibilities had begun earlier. In the present economic and social environment, issues related to social responsibility and sustainability are gaining more and more value, especially in the business segment. Organization goals are inseparable from the societies and environments within which they function. At the same time as short- term economic gain can be pursued, the failure to account for longer-term social and environmental impacts makes those business practices unsustainable.
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International Research Journal of Commerce, Business and Social Sciences (IRJCBSS)
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