Bellringer: Review your graphic organizer from Yesterday! (fears)

Post/Cold war Test Tuesday

Are you a communist?

Dot Game

With your partner make an historical connection to the following:

1. Some students were dots.

2. Most students were nondots.

3. Students accused others of being dots even though they never saw other students’ slips of paper.

4. Students were to report suspected dots to the teacher.

5. Some students had sticky notes placed on them. These students were often excluded from groups.

6. Anxiety increased as students lost trust in one another

Historical Connection • Some Americans during the Cold War were Communist Party members or Soviet spies. • Most Americans were not Communist Party members or Soviet spies. • HUAC, McCarthy, and others made accusations — often based only on suspicion — against Americans thought to be communists or communist sympathizers. Accusing individuals without evidence became known as McCarthyism. • Americans were encouraged to report suspected communist activities. Those accused included Alger Hiss and the Rosenbergs.• Americans accused of being

communists or communist sympathizers were often placed on blacklists. • Anxieties were raised during the Cold War as Americans were concerned about the spread of communism and the possibility of a nuclear attack by the Soviet Union.

Dot Game

• Some students were dots.

• Most students were nondots.

• Students accused others of being dots even though they never saw other students’ slips of paper.

• Students were to report suspected dots to the teacher.

• Some students had sticky notes placed on them. These students were often excluded from groups.

• Anxiety increased as students lost trust in one another

• Soooooooo

– we question each others loyalty

• What else are people of the 50’s afraid of?

– Hint:

Civil defense film

• Duck & Cover Civil Defense Film

The Cold War at Home

• There was a great emphasis on loyalty to America during the Truman administration.

• He vowed to find people who were not loyal, especially anyone with ties to communism.

His administration

instituted FBI background

checks for government

employees and the Loyalty

Review Board to hear

evidence about anyone in

the government

participating in suspicious

activities

Cold War and Space• In 1957 the Soviet

Union proved that they were ahead of the U.S. in the technology war when they launched Sputnik into space.

• Sputnik was the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth.

• Problem: The rocket used to launch Sputnikcould just as easily carry a nuclear bomb to America’s shores!

• US Response:

– created NASA in 1958 and increased spending on science and math in America’s school.

Sputnik

Cold War Tensions Intensified

(creating new fears at home)

Arms Race: Massive Retaliation Space Race: Sputnik

House Un-American Activities Committee Rosenberg Trial/ Venona Papers McCarthyism

Include important people, key terms, places, and years

New book7.3 & 7.4

The dropping of the atomic bomb lead to the “arms race”. 1949 the USSR had successfully tested an atomic bomb. 1952 the U.S. developed the hydrogen bomb. The Soviet Union exploded its first hydrogen bomb a year later. The nuclear weapons were to act as a deterrent: if the Soviet attacked us we would attack them. This was known as mutual mass destruction.

1957 the Soviet Union launched the first man-made satellite into space. Sputnik. Sputnik ushered in a new age of space exploration and started a “space race”. It raised fears that the Soviet Union might use intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM’s) to send nuclear bombs to the U.S.

HUACThe House Un-American Activities Committee

• HUAC was created by the House of Representatives in 1938 to investigate disloyalty before WWII.

• In 1947 they began to investigate the movie industry, claiming it supported communist ideals.

• “Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?”

• The Hollywood Ten refused to answer and were cited for contempt and sentenced to jail.

• Studios compiled a blacklist of directors, actors, and writers who should not be allowed to work because they seemed subversive or refused to cooperate with HUAC or refused to honor the blacklist.

Cold War Tensions Intensified

(creating new fears at home)

Arms Race: Massive Retaliation Space Race: Sputnik

House Un-American Activities Committee Rosenberg Trial/ Venona Papers McCarthyism

Include important people, key terms, places, and years

New book7.3 & 7.4

The dropping of the atomic bomb lead to the

“arms race”. 1952 the U.S. developed the

hydrogen bomb. The Soviet Union exploded

its first hydrogen bomb a year later. The

nuclear weapons were to act as a deterrent: if

the Soviet attacked us we would attack them.

This was known as mutual mass destruction.

1957 the Soviet Union launched the first man-

made satellite into space. Sputnik. Sputnik

ushered in a new age of space exploration and

started a “space race”. It raised fears that the

Soviet Union might use intercontinental ballistic

missiles (ICBM’s) to send nuclear bombs to the

U.S.

After WWII Americans feared

communism and the Loyalty Review

Boards was created to investigate

individual “un-American” activities”

such as participating in the Communist

Party. Congress conducted its only

loyalty checks through its HAAC.

Those identified as present or former

members of the Communist Party were

blacklisted and lost their jobs. Alger

Hiss was prosecuted for perjury.

The Rosenbergs• Julius and Ethel

Rosenberg were Americans and members of the Communist party.

• They were accused of passing atomic secrets to the Soviets during WW II.

• They were convicted of spying and were executed in 1953.

Did anticommunist

hysteria play a

role? Hmmm…

Cold War Tensions Intensified

(creating new fears at home)

Arms Race: Massive Retaliation Space Race: Sputnik

House Un-American Activities Committee Rosenberg Trial/ Venona Papers McCarthyism

Include important people, key terms, places, and years

New book7.3 & 7.4

The dropping of the atomic bomb lead to the

“arms race”. 1952 the U.S. developed the

hydrogen bomb. The Soviet Union exploded

its first hydrogen bomb a year later. The

nuclear weapons were to act as a deterrent: if

the Soviet attacked us we would attack them.

This was known as mutual mass destruction.

1957 the Soviet Union launched the first man-

made satellite into space. Sputnik. Sputnik

ushered in a new age of space exploration and

started a “space race”. It raised fears that the

Soviet Union might use intercontinental ballistic

missiles (ICBM’s) to send nuclear bombs to the

U.S.

After WWII Americans feared

communism and the Loyalty Review

Boards was created to investigate

individual “un-American” activities”

such as participating in the Communist

Party. Congress conducted its only

loyalty checks through its HAAC.

Those identified as present or former

members of the Communist Party were

blacklisted and lost their jobs. Alger

Hiss was prosecuted for perjury.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were charged

with selling national secrets to the Soviet

Union about the atomic bomb. Rosenbergs

were found guilty and executed for spying.

Many Americans doubted their guilt;

however, the Venona Papers revealed the

identities of several Americans who had

spied for the Soviet Union including the

Rosenberg's.

McCarthyism: The Height of Cold War Hysteria

• Senator Joseph McCarthy from Wisconsin made himself famous by accusing hundreds of people inside the government of having ties with communists.

• He set off a second period of anti-communist hysteria

• He had little to no evidence to support his accusations and after a few years lost all credibility.

Joseph McCarthy

Cold War Tensions Intensified

(creating new fears at home)

Arms Race: Massive Retaliation Space Race: Sputnik

House Un-American Activities Committee Rosenberg Trial/ Venona Papers McCarthyism

Include important people, key terms, places, and years

New book7.3 & 7.4

The dropping of the atomic bomb lead to the

“arms race”. 1952 the U.S. developed the

hydrogen bomb. The Soviet Union exploded

its first hydrogen bomb a year later. The

nuclear weapons were to act as a deterrent: if

the Soviet attacked us we would attack them.

This was known as mutual mass destruction.

1957 the Soviet Union launched the first man-

made satellite into space. Sputnik. Sputnik

ushered in a new age of space exploration and

started a “space race”. It raised fears that the

Soviet Union might use intercontinental ballistic

missiles (ICBM’s) to send nuclear bombs to the

U.S.

After WWII Americans feared

communism and the Loyalty Review

Boards was created to investigate

individual “un-American” activities”

such as participating in the Communist

Party. Congress conducted its only

loyalty checks through its HAAC.

Those identified as present or former

members of the Communist Party were

blacklisted and lost their jobs. Alger

Hiss was prosecuted for perjury.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were charged

with selling national secrets to the Soviet

Union about the atomic bomb. Rosenbergs

were found guilty and executed for spying.

Many Americans doubted their guilt;

however, the Venona Papers revealed the

identities of several Americans who had

spied for the Soviet Union including the

Rosenberg's.

Joseph McCarthy shocked Americans by

claiming he knew the names of hundreds

of Communist who had infiltrated the

U.S. government. After 3 years of

hearings McCarthy never provided any

real proof of his chargers. He was

formally criticized by the Senate. His

witch-hunt frightened many Americans.

McCarthyism has become identified with

making harsh accusations without

evidence.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-1pPMliSck&feature=related

The Majestic movie trailer

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QwSk2vW1po0

The Majestic movie clip

Cold War Tensions Intensified

(creating new fears at home)

Arms Race: Massive Retaliation Space Race: Sputnik

House Un-American Activities Committee Rosenberg Trial/ Venona Papers McCarthyism

Include important people, key terms, places, and years

The dropping of the atomic bomb lead to the

“arms race”. 1952 the U.S. developed the

hydrogen bomb. The Soviet Union exploded

its first hydrogen bomb a year later. The

nuclear weapons were to act as a deterrent: if

the Soviet attacked us we would attack them.

This was known as mutual mass destruction.

1957 the Soviet Union launched the first man-

made satellite into space. Sputnik. Sputnik

ushered in a new age of space exploration and

started a “space race”. It raised fears that the

Soviet Union might use intercontinental ballistic

missiles (ICBM’s) to send nuclear bombs to the

U.S.

After WWII Americans feared

communism and the Loyalty Review

Boards was created to investigate

individual “un-American” activities”

such as participating in the Communist

Party. Congress conducted its only

loyalty checks through its HAAC.

Those identified as present or former

members of the Communist Party were

blacklisted and lost their jobs. Alger

Hiss was prosecuted for perjury.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were charged

with selling national secrets to the Soviet

Union about the atomic bomb. Rosenbergs

were found guilty and executed for spying.

Many Americans doubted their guilt;

however, the Venona Papers revealed the

identities of several Americans who had

spied for the Soviet Union including the

Rosenberg's.

Joseph McCarthy shocked Americans by

claiming he knew the names of hundreds

of Communist who had infiltrated the

U.S. government. After 3 years of

hearings McCarthy never provided any

real proof of his chargers. He was

formally criticized by the Senate. His

witch-hunt frightened many Americans.

McCarthyism has become identified with

making harsh accusations without

evidence.

New book 7.3 & 7.4OR

Jarrett book PGS 268-69