BCM 210 Foundation Issues- BCM 210 Foundation Issues- Fall 2000 refer to Allen TextFall 2000 refer to Allen Text

Elements of foundationsElements of foundations

FootingsFootings

Deep systems such as piles Deep systems such as piles and caissonsand caissons

Foundations WallsFoundations Walls

Functional Aspects of Functional Aspects of foundation systemsfoundation systems

Transfer LoadsTransfer Loads

Dead loadsDead loads

Live LoadsLive Loads

Impact of soils on foundations Impact of soils on foundations selection, size, structural selection, size, structural design, methods, and design, methods, and performanceperformance

BearingBearingSettlementSettlementElasticElasticConsolidationConsolidationHorizontal forcesHorizontal forcesFrost HeaveFrost Heave

Design Chain (foundation Design Chain (foundation design activities)design activities)

Broad foundation typesBroad foundation types

ShallowShallow

DeepDeep

Shallow Foundation TypesShallow Foundation Types

Strip footingsStrip footingsPad or column footingsPad or column footingsTrench footingsTrench footingsSlab on grade with thickened edgeSlab on grade with thickened edgeInterior footings for bearing wallsInterior footings for bearing wallsThickened slabsThickened slabs

Place on undistrubed soilPlace on undistrubed soil

Engineered fillsEngineered fillsNo organic soilsNo organic soils

Special footings and issuesSpecial footings and issues

Step footingsStep footings

UnderpinningUnderpinning

Sloping sitesSloping sites

Foundation wallsFoundation walls

Concrete unreinforcedConcrete unreinforcedConcrete reinforcedConcrete reinforcedConcrete blockConcrete block

Thickness requiredThickness required

ReinforcingReinforcing

Control of movement, Control of movement, shrinkage, crackingshrinkage, cracking

Control jointsControl jointsWallsWallsSlabsSlabs

Moisture controlMoisture control

Damp proofingDamp proofingWaterproofingWaterproofingWaterstopsWaterstops

Deep Foundation SystemsDeep Foundation Systems

Drilled systemsDrilled systemsCaissonsCaissonsBelled caissonsBelled caissonsSocketed caissons Socketed caissons Auger cast pilesAuger cast piles

Driven systemsDriven systems

Timber pilesTimber pilesSteel H pilesSteel H pilesPrecast concretePrecast concrete

End bearingEnd bearingFriction pilesFriction piles

Pile proprietary SystemsPile proprietary Systems

PerformancePerformance

MethodsMethods

Retaining Wall SystemsRetaining Wall Systems

SoilsSoilsSoilSoilRockRock

Components of soilComponents of soilSolidsSolidsVoidsVoids

WaterWaterAirAir

Soil Classifications Unified Soil Classifications Unified Soil Classification Soil Classification System(USCS)System(USCS)

BouldersBouldersCobblesCobblesGGSSMMCCO or ptO or pt

CoarseCoarse

FinesFines

Classification Process (USCS)Classification Process (USCS)

Soil sampling and testing Soil sampling and testing methodsmethods

Flow of processFlow of processSieve analysisSieve analysisAtterberg Limits for finesAtterberg Limits for fines

Lab testing and reportingLab testing and reporting

Soils reportingSoils reporting

UsesUsesFoundation designFoundation design

Planning for construction Planning for construction activitiesactivities

Excavation issuesExcavation issues

Impact of soilsImpact of soils

Bracing, shoring, slope supportBracing, shoring, slope support

Benched foundationBenched foundationShoringShoring Design considerationsDesign considerations

Sheet Shoring ComponentsSheet Shoring Components

Shoring Shoring RemovableRemovablePermanentPermanent

WhalersWhalersRakersRakersTie BacksTie Backs

Lagging and soldier beamsLagging and soldier beams

Slurry wallsSlurry walls

Cross lot bracingCross lot bracing

Soil mixingSoil mixing

Water in soils and dewatering Water in soils and dewatering measuresmeasures

Impacts of waterImpacts of water

Dewatering methodsDewatering methods

Compaction Compaction

Proctor testing and densitiesProctor testing and densities

Modified Proctor Modified Proctor

Specified densitiesSpecified densities

EquipmentEquipment