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InglsB2

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B2.3 Unit 1

Warm up video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOVmLlunvFg

Transcripcin:

!ey guys" welcome to #$eas %a$e &asy. &very wee' we share with you creative business i$eas

that you can use to revolutioni(e your company.

)o you want to learn what it ta'es to start a conversation with anyone in a business

environment?

*ell to$ay we+re gonna share with you two e,amples o- e,actly how to get notice$ at a

con-erence" at a tra$e show or in a meeting.

*hen it comes to networ'ing" it+s important that you start that conversation with the person

well be-ore the event. !ere+s an e,ample.

So # tol$ the guy" with -rien$s li'e these who nee$s enemies. &,cuse me" # ust saw your panel

an$ # thought it was phenomenal.

# ust wante$ to intro$uce mysel-" my name is )an an$ my company+s ust starting up.

#t+s" #... sorry # really ust $on+t have time to tal' right now but it+s really nice to meet you )ave.

#t+s... it+s )an. Oh" hey

&mily. )o you have a minute to spea'? For you? O- course # sai$ the e,act same thing an$ she

totally blew me o--. !ow $o they even 'now each other? 0ow #+m ust stan$ing here

aw'war$ly. *hat can # $o with my han$s? 1uic'" #+ll ta'e a sip -rom this co--ee. That+s mine.

!ere you go" sorry. 2ou can 'eep it. 3nyway"

#t was really nice to meet you. #+m really loo'ing -orwar$ to your ne,t blog post. Same here.

Ta'e care. 2ou too. )u$e" how $i$ you $o that? !ow $i$ you get to 'now someone so

in-luential? *ell" #+m connecte$ to her on Lin'e$#n" we 'eep up to $ate on each others blog

posts so we $iscuss on that -orum plus also" # woul$n+t steal her co--ee.

3lways set a game plan an$ ma'e sure every interaction you ma'e is one o- 4uality. *atch this

an$ you+ll see. !i" # ust starte$ -ollowing you on Twitter. 2ou post some really engaging stu--.

5h yeah" #+m actually tweeting right now. *hat+s your Twitter han$le? 5m it+s 6&mily.

O'" cool. #n 3tlanta with 6&mily 7havingablast 7catchingup $one. 8atching up? *e $on+t even

'now each other. 7it$oesntreallymatter. )u$e" this is har$er than # thought. 9oing up to

people is not easy. #t+s better i- we $o it together. 7lets$oit. 9uys" what are you $oing?

)on+t you remember the game plan? )an" your ob is to hoo' the people. ring them to the

table an$ get their in-o. ;a'e carries -orwar$ the tweets" posts an$ emails then # bring it home

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an$ close the $eal. Let+s ma'e the switch. ;a'e" you ta'e the point an$ #+ll -ollow up. 9ot it? 9ot

it. rea' So what+s been your -avorite session so -ar at the con-erence?

5h it was $e-initely the !< panel" it was very in-ormative. The spea'er was great. She tal'e$

about the $i--erent. Snee(e Than' you? 7noproblem. 7itsnothing.

AT / ON / IN TIME

At + clock time

In + part of the day

On + particular day

At + weekend, public holiday

In + long period

1.Clock times: at

I usually get up at six oclock.

Ill meet you at 4.15.

Phone me at lunch time.

At is usually left out in an informal style:

What time does your train leave?

2.Parts of the day: in

I work best in the morning.

We usually go out in the evening!

*Note the difference between in the night (mostly used to mean during one particular

night) and at night(during any night). Compare:

I had to get up in the night.

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I often work at night.

*In an informal style, we usually use plurals (days, etc.) with no prepositions.

Would you rather work days or nights?

*We use on if we say which morning / afternoon etc. we are talking about, or if we

describe the morning / afternoon etc.

See you on Monday morning.

We met on a cold afternoon in early spring!

3.Days: on

Ill ring you on Tuesday!

My birthdays on March, 21st.

Theyre having a party on Christmas day!

*In an informal style, we sometimes leave out on

Im seeing her Sunday morning.

4.Public holidays and weekends: at

We use at to talk about the whole of a holidays at Christmas, New Year, Easter and

Thanksgiving.

-Were having the roof repaired at Easter.

-But we use on to talk about one day of the holiday.

-Come and see us on Christmas day!

-What are you doing on Easter Monday?

*British people say at the weekend, Americans say on.

5.Longer periods: in

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-It happened in the week after Christmas.

-I was born in March.

-Our house was built in the 15thcentury!

-Kent is beautiful in spring!

-He died in 2010.

6.Other uses of in

In can also be used to say how soon something will happen and to say how long

something takes to happen.

Ask me in three or four days!

I can run 200 meters in about 30 seconds.

The expression ins time is used to say how soon something will happen, not

how long something takes. Compare:

Ill see you again in a months time.

He wrote the book in a month. (NOT: ..in

a months time)

BEGIN VS. START

1.meaning: formality

Begin and start can both be used with the same meaning.

I began / stated teaching when I was 24 years old.

If Sheila doesnt come soon, lets begin / start without her.

We generally prefer begin when we are using a more formal style. Compare:

We will begin the meeting with a message from the President.

Damn! Its starting to rain!

2.cases where begin is not possible

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Start(but not begin) is used to mean:

a)start a journey

I think we ought to start at six, while the roads are empty!

b)start working (for machines)

The car wont start.

c)make something start

How do you start the washing machine?

The Presidents wife, fired the gun to start the race.

EXERCISE 1:

1.I .........my car to make sure it worked about ten minutes before I drove to work.a)beganb)startedc)begind)start2.My car very rarely .........first time when the weather is really cold.a)beginsb)beginningc)startingd)starts

3.We .........off early on the first day of summer so that we could see the sun rise.

a)began

b)started

c)starting

d)beggining

4. I read the .........of that book but I couldn't possibly read the whole story

a)starting

b)start

c)beggining

d)begin

5. I can't .........to understand why anyone would want to be cruel to animals.a)start

b)begin

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c)starts

d)begins

6. He .........off at me again simply because I had forgotten to lock the back door after Icame home.

a)started

b)began

c)begun

d)starts

7. I won a lot of money by betting on that horse but it was simply a case of .........luck.

a)starts

b)starters

c)beginners

d)beginnings

8. As far as I was concerned when the accident happened, it was the .........of the end.a)start

b)begin

c)starting

d)beginning

9. Who would like to .........off the debate?a)begin

b)start

c)begins

d)starting

10. I would greatly appreciate it if you didn't .........up that old argument again.a)start

b)begin

c)starts

d)begins

Reciprocal pronouns: each other and one another

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We use the reciprocal pronouns each other and one anotherwhen two or morepeople do the same thing. Traditionally, each other refers to two people and oneanother refers to more than two people, but this distinction is disappearing in modern

English.

Peter and Mary helped one another.= Peter helped Mary and Mary helped Peter.

We sent each other Christmas cards.= We sent them a Christmas card and they sent us a Christmas card.

They didnt look at one another.= He didn't look at her and she didn't look at him.

We also use the possessive forms each others and one anothers:

They helped to look after each otherschildren.

We often stayed in one anothershouses.

NOTE: We do not use reciprocal pronouns as the subject of a clause.

EXERCISE:

Complete the sentences with 'each other'or 'one another'so that they mean the

same as the first sentence. You should use the distinction that was traditionally used.

1.She looked at them and they looked at her.

They looked at ...............

2. Paula sent Paul text messages and Paul sent her back text messages.

They sent ............... text messages.

3. We gave them a present and they gave us a present.

We gave ............... presents.

4. I didn't speak to you, Jack, and you didn't speak to me.

We didn't speak to ...............

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5. He wore his brother's clothes and his brother wore his clothes.

They wore ...............'s clothes.

6. My brother and I drove you mad and you drove us mad.

We drove ............... mad.

VOCABULARY

DEADLINES

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Your projects deadlineis getting closer and closer. You are on time (up to date) on

some of the aspects but you are falling behindon some others. Your boss wants you

to catch upon all of themIN ENGLISH!

So, youd better start learning the vocabulary below:

Fecha tope

Cumplir con fecha tope

No cumplir una fecha

Ponerse a da

Quedarse atrs

Mantener el ritmo

Estar al da

Atrasado

En fecha

Antes de lo previsto

Deadline

Meet a deadline

Miss a deadline

Catch up

Fall behind

Keep up

Be up to date

Behind schedule

On schedule

Ahead of schedule

NOTE: ON is the preposition you need for these verbs: to fall behind on, to catch up

on, etc.

EXERCISE

You are the project manager of your company (Eres el director de proyectos de tuempresa). One of your responsibilities is to keep your boss up to date every Monday

morning. As your boss is English all the meetings are held in English. One of the

employees has just given you the report, but as he is Spanish, everything comes in

Spanish, of course, and you need to translate it on the spot (en el acto). Dont get

nervous, you now know all the vocabulary you need!

The first one has been done for you:

Were not going to meet the deadline / Were going to miss the deadline on Project C.

Were catching up on Project A.

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Were ahead of schedule on Project B.

No vamos a cumplir la fecha tope en el Proyecto C. Nos estamos

poniendo al da en el Proyecto A. Vamos antes de lo previsto en el Proyecto B.

Estamos en fecha en el proyecto B. Nos estamos quedando atrs en el

Proyecto A. No estamos al da en el Proyecto C.

Estamos preocupados por la fecha tope del Proyecto C.

Tenemos que mantener el ritmo en el Proyecto B. Vamos atrasados con el Proyecto

A.

El equipo no est al da con el Proyecto A. No hemos cumplido la fecha

tope del Proyecto B. Estamos en fecha con el Proyecto C.

Vamos antes de lo previsto con el Proyecto B.

No podemos mantener el ritmo en el proyecto A.

Tenemos que ponernos al da en el Proyecto C.

POLITENESS

@

A

B

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Politeness 1: asking questions

1.Requests: Could you.?

We usually ask people to do things for us asking yes/no questions. (This suggests that

the hearer can choose whether to agree or not)

Could you tell me the time please? (Much more polite than: Please tell me the

time!)

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Some other typical structures used in requests:

Could you possibly tell me the way to the station? (very polite)

Would you mind switching on the TV?

Would you like to help me for a few minutes?

You couldnt lend me some money, could you? (informal)

Indirect yes/no questions are also used in polite requests:

I wonder if you could (possibly) help me for a few minutes.

2.Other structures: telling people to do things

If we use other structures (for example imperatives, should, had better), we are not

asking people to do things, but telling or advising them to do things. These structures

can therefore seem rude if we use them in requests. , especially in conversations with

strangers or people we do not know well. Please makes an order or a request a bit

more polite, but does not turn it into a request. The following structures can be used

perfectly correctly to give orders, instructions or advice, but they are not polite ways of

asking people to do things.

Please help me for a few minutes.

Help me, would you?

Carry this for me, please.

You ought to tell me your plans.

You should shut the door.

You had better help me.

3.Shops, restaurants, etc

Requests in shops, restaurants, etc. are usually more direct and are not always

expressed as questions.

Typical expressions:

Can I have one of those, please?

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Could I have a look at the red ones, please?

Id like to see the wine list, please.

I would prefer a small one.

Give me.please and I want..please are not normally considered polite.

But in places where only a few kinds of things are being sold and not much needs to be

said, it is enough just to say what is wanted and add please.

The Times, please!

Black coffee, please!

Two cheeseburgers, please!

Return to Lancaster, please!

4.Negative questions

Negative questions are not used in polite requests.

Could you give me a light? (NOT: Couldnt you give me a light? this sounds like acomplaint)

But negative statements with question tags are used in informal requests.

You couldnt give me a light, could you?

I dont suppose you could give me a light, could you? (very polite)

5.Expressions of opinion

Expressions of opinion can be made less direct by turning them into questions.

Compare:

It would be better to paint it green. (direct expression of opinion)

Wouldnt it be better to paint it green? (less direct: negative question asking for

agreement)

Would it be better to paint it green? (open question very direct)

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