Prof.(DR.) TANUJA NESARI

DIRECTOR

ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF AYURVEDa

CEO

NATIONAL MEDICINAL PLANT

BOARD

Ayurveda Dietetics and Herbs for

Learning and Attention Disorders

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 1

Contents

1.  Definition of Swasth(Health)

2.  Components of Health

3.  Diet – An important cause of Cognitive Disorders

4.  Causes of Learning Disorders

5.  Cognition - As Per Ayurveda

6.  Samprapti of Learning and Cognitive disorder

7.  Pathya Ahara

8.  Importance of Kaala in Dietetics

9.  Herbs for Management of Cognitive Learning Disorder

10. Sadavritta (Code of Conducts to be Followed)

11. Conclusion

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 2

MINDSOUL BODY

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 3

Whatishealth?

ILLNESS---------WELLNESS-------------------HAPPINESS

Learninganda9en:ondisorders

•   ADHD: TroubleWithFocusandHyperacDvity

•   Dyslexia:TroubleWithReading

•   Dyscalculia:TroubleWithMathemaDcalcalculaDons

•   Dysgraphia:TroubleWithWriDng

•   Dyspraxia:TroubleWithMotorSkills

420.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

TopicinspiredmanycreaDons

520.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

These are a few commonly occurring mental

disabilities leading to hampered learning i.e. Loss

of Medha :

Ø Dyslexia

Ø ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity

Ø Disorder)

Ø Language Processing Disorder.

Ø Non-Verbal Learning Disabilities.

Ø Visual Perceptual/Visual Motor Deficit

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 6

Causes of Learning Disorders:

Ø It can be –

a.  Hereditary,

b.  Chromosomal abnormalities,

c.  Mishap to brain nerves at the time of birth in few cases.

Ø Environmental factors also contribute to a person’s mental well-being,

Ø Prolonged depression also results in mental disorders

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 7

Learning and Cognitive Disorders-

Ø  Learning disabilities occur as a result of neurological

problems in the human body(especially brain).

Ø  Children are the worst affected with mental disabilities.

Ø  It interferes with their basic learning capabilities like

reading and writing.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 8

Components of ADHD

9

-ShortaRenDonspan

forage(difficulty

sustainingaRenDon)

-Difficultylistening

toothers

-DifficultyaRending

todetails

-Easilydistracted

-ForgeWulness

-PoororganizaDonal

skillsforage

-Poorstudyskillsfor

age

-O[eninterrupts

others

-Hasdifficulty

waiDngforhisorher

turninschooland/or

socialgames

-Tendstoblurtout

answersinsteadof

waiDngtobecalled

upon

-Takesfrequent

risks,ando[en

withoutthinking

beforeacDng

-Seemstobein

constantmoDonwithno

apparentgoal

-Hasdifficulty

remaininginhis/her

seatevenwhenitis

expected

-fidgeDngexcessively

-Talksexcessively

-Hasdifficultyengaging

inquietacDviDes

-Losesorforgetsthings

repeatedlyando[en

Inabilitytostayontask

INATTENTION IMPULSIVITY HYPERACTIVITY

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

Researchwork•   Singh,R.H.,Narsimhamurthy,K.&Singh,NeuronutrientimpactofAyurvedicRasayanatherapyinbrainagingG.Biogerontology(2008)9:

369.hRps://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-008-9185-z

•  Kumar,V.(2006),Poten:almedicinalplantsforCNSdisorders:anoverview.Phytother.Res.,20:1023-1035.doi:10.1002/ptr.1970•   KeanJD,DowneyLA,StoughC-Asystema:creviewoftheAyurvedicmedicinalherbBacopamonnieriinchildandadolescentpopula:ons.

ComplementaryTherapiesinMedicine,Volume29,December2016,Pages56-62

•   KongkeawC,DilokthornsakulP,ThanarangsaritPetal-Meta-analysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrialsoncogni:veeffectsofBacopamonnieriextract.JournalofEthnopharmacology,Volume151,Issue1,10January2014,Pages528-535

•   MandeepKaur,ADshPrakash&AjudhiaNathKalia(2016)Neuroprotec:vepoten:alofan:oxidantpotentfrac:onsfromConvolvuluspluricaulisChois.in3-nitropropionicacidchallengedrats,NutriDonalNeuroscience,19:2,70-78,DOI:10.1179/1476830515Y.0000000022

•   RachithaP,KrupashreeK,JayashreeGV,etal.Chemicalcomposi:on,an:oxidantpoten:al,macromoleculedamageandneuroprotec:veac:vityofConvolvuluspluricaulis.JTraditComplementMed.2018;8(4):483–496.Published2018Feb7.doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.11.002

•   VermaS,SinhaRetal(2012)StudyofConvolvuluspluricaulisforan:oxidantandan:convulsantac:vity.CentralNervousSystemAgentsMedicinalChemistry2012Mar;12(1):55-9

•   JaiMalik,ManinderKaran&KaranVasisht(2011)Nootropic,anxioly:candCNS-depressantstudiesondifferentplantsourcesofshankhpushpi,PharmaceuDcalBiology,49:12,1234-1242,DOI:10.3109/13880209.2011.584539

1020.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

Cognition - As Per Ayurveda

Cognition comes under the concept of :-

•  Jnanotpatti

•  Medha

•  Buddhi

•  Smriti

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 11

AyurvedaPerspecDve-Buddhi

cogniDonncoordinaDon

उन्मादंपुनर्मनोबुद्धिसञ्ज्ञाज्ञानस्मृतिभक्तिशीलचेष्टाचारविभ्रमंविद्यात्||५||(Charak.NidanChapter9)

अत्रमनोविभ्रमाच्चिन्त्यानर्थान्नचिन्तयत,ेअचिन्त्यांश्चचिन्तयते;उक्तंहि-“मनसश्चचिन्त्यमर्थः”(सू.अ.८)इति|बुद्धिविभ्रमात्तुनित्यमनित्यमिति,प्रियंचाप्रियमितिपश्यति;वचनंहि-“विषमाभिनिवेशोयोनित्यानित्येप्रियाप्रिय|ेज्ञेयःसबुद्धिविभ्रंशः,समंबुद्धिर्हिपश्यति”(शा.अ.१)इति|सञ्ज्ञांज्ञानं,तद्विभ्रमादग्न्यादिदाहंनबुध्यते;किंवासञ्ज्ञानामोल्लेखेनज्ञानम|्स्मृतिविभ्रमात्तुनस्मरति,अयथावद्वास्मरति|भक्तिरिच्छा,तद्विभ्रमाच्चयत्रेच्छापूर्वमासीत्तत्रानिच्छाभवति|शीलविभ्रमादक्रोधनःक्रोधनोभवति|चेष्टाविभ्रमादनुचितचेष्टोभवति|आचारः

शास्त्रशिक्षाकृतोव्यवहारः;तद्विभ्रमादशौचाद्याचरति||५||(Chakrapanicommentary)

VariouscogniDveandbehaviouralaspectsconsideredinAyurveda

Mana- Mind

Buddhi- Cognition

Sandnya- Perception

Dnyana - Knowledge

Smruti- Memory

Bhakti- Beliefs

Sheela - Morality

Cheshta- Physicial Movements

Achar- Behaviour

Behaviouraldisordersareoriginatedfrom

derangementofeitherfactorsduetodoshaviDaDon.

1220.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

CogniDvefuncDons

CogniDvefuncDonsmainlycategorizedinto

•   Memory,

•   ARenDon,

•   CreaDvityand

•   Intelligence

LD&ADHD-EAA201920.09.19 13

Jnaanotpatti

Ø It involves gross objects (indriyaartha), sense organs

(indriyas), buddhi, manas and atma.

Ø Jnaanotpathi involves the processes of perception, attention

and comprehension.

Ø This knowledge is coded in the form of memory and used

for future works or decisions.

Ø Recall of old knowledge or experiences is smriti. The

normal functioning of smriti results in buddhi. 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 14

Processoflearning

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 15

Buddhi,Sangnya, Gyana,Smruti

Chesta,Aachara Mana

Intellect

BehaviourMind

Anobject

Cogni:ve

organs

(Five)

Mind

(Buddhi)

Rten:on,

percep:o

n&recall

Mind

Connec:v

eorgansAnac:on

Mana

(Psyche)

Indriyartha

(Sense Organs)

Indriyas(Cognitive and Motor Organs)

Samprapti of Learning and Cognitive disorder

According to Ayurveda, learning or acquisition of knowledge is a result

of successive & complex interaction and coordination of following :-

Atma

(Soul)

Buddhi

(Intellect) 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 16

•  The functioning of these factors is governed

by Tridosha (Vata, Pitta and Kapha) and Triguna (Sattva,

Raja and Tama) in a specific coordination and balance.

•  Any disturbance in these Tridosha and Triguna will cause

disordered functioning of Indriya, Mana and Buddhi leading

to impaired learning or Dyslexia.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 17

ComponentsofMind

SaRva

TamasaRajasa

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 18

Diet – An important cause of Cognitive

Disorders

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 19

The benefits and outcomes of balanced diet as per

Ayurveda तुष्टि पुष्टि धृति बुद्धि उत्साह पौरुषं बल।ं सौस्वर्य ंओजस्तेजश्च………….नृणाम॥् (का.खि. ४/११-१२)

Ø  तुष्टि (Satisfaction)

Ø  पुष्टि (Nutrition)

Ø  धृति (Patience)

Ø  बुद्धि (Intellect)

Ø  उत्साह (Enthusiasm)

Ø  पौरुषं (Virility)

Ø  बलं (Strength)

Ø  सौस्वर्य ं(Good voice)

Ø  ओजOja (Immunity) 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 20

Ayurvedic dietetics comprises of

What to eat

Pathya aahaar

(Wholesome diet)

Shadrasyukta aahaar (Diet Comprising of

6 Rasas)

Nitya sevaniya

(Items recommended for daily intake)

According to prakriti & season (Personalised

and seasonal regimen)

How to eat

Dwadash Ashan Vichaar

(12 Codes of conduct for food intake)

Ashtavidha Aahar Visheshaayatan

(8 Codes of conduct for food intake)

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 21

Ayurvedadiete:cs-Keyconcept

Ayurvedadiete:cs-

Keyconcepts

Personspecific

Agni(DigesDvecapacity)

Matra(IngesDonsuitability)

PrakriD(PhysicalConsDtuDon)

Foodspecific

Rasa,veerya,vipaka

Seasonspecificity

RecipeRange

Pharmaco-dietaryapproach

2220.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

IntroducingSMARTDiet

Satvika

Medhya

Deepana,

Pachana

Rasayana

LD&ADHD-EAA201920.09.19 23

MedhyaRasayanaconcept

•   दीर्घमायुःस्मृतिंमेधामारोग्यंतरुणंवयः|प्रभावर्णस्वरौदार्यंदेहेन्द्रियबलंपरम्||७||वाक्सिद्धिंप्रणतिंकान्तिंलभतेनारसायनात|्लाभोपायोहिशस्तानांरसादीनांरसायनम्||८||

•   मण्डूकपर्ण्याःस्वरसःप्रयोज्यःक्षीरेणयष्टीमधुकस्यचूर्णम्|रसोगुडूच्यास्तुसमूलपुष्प्याःकल्कःप्रयोज्यःखलुशङ्खपुष्प्याः||३०||आयुःप्रदान्यामयनाशनानिबलाग्निवर्णस्वरवर्धनानि|मेध्यानिचैतानिरसायनानिमेध्याविशेषेणचशङ्खपुष्पी||३१||

•   Centellaasia:ca– Mandookparni

•   Glycyrrhizaglabra- yash6madhu

•   Tinosporacordifolia- Guduchi

•   Convolvuluspluricaulis- Shankhapushpi

2420.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

ConceptofMedha

Medha

SmriD

DhruDDhi

Medhri

Sangme--- 20.09.19

LD&ADHD-EAA2019 25

MedhyaRasayana

•   Anuniqueconceptinayurveda.

•   Specificherbs&specificformulaDonsdesigned

asmemoryboosters&enhancers.

•   E.g.Brahmi,Shankhapushpi,YashDmadhu,

Mandookparni,Guduchietc.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 26

MedhyaRasayanas

Buddhi,Sandnya, Gyna,Smruti

Chesta,Aachara Mana

Intellect

BehaviourMind

LD&ADHD-EAA201920.09.19 27

ModeofacDonofmedhya

Rasayana

•   Agni-Sadhakagni-JyoDsmaD

•   Srotasa-Haritaki,

•   Micronutrient/Nourishnent-

Brahmi,

YashDmadhu

LD&ADHD-EAA201920.09.19 28

Herbs

shankhapushpiguduchi

ashwagandha

pippali

yashD

amalki

Medhya

Herbs

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 29

Samegoal-DifferentRoutes

Rasayan

(Immuno-modulator)

Deepani.e.SDmulant(toagni)

&immuno-modulator

E.g.

Haritaki.

Guduchi,Pippali,

Brumhani.e.

Nourishing(body&mentalfaculDes)&immuno-modulator

E.g.

Ashwagandha,YashD,Shatavari

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 30

PATHYA AHAARA

पथ्यंपथोअनपेतंयद्यच्चोक्तंमनसःप्रिय।ंमात्राकालक्रियाभूमौदेहदोषगुणांतरम्॥

(च.स.ु२५/४५-४६)

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 31

Nitya sevaneeya dravyas mentioned by “Acharya Charaka” in Sutra sthana which includes -

“षष्टिकान ्शाली मुद्गांश्च सैंधव आमलके यवान्। आंतरिक्षम् पयः सर्पिः जांगलम ्मधु च अभ्यसेत॥्” (च.सु.५/१२) •  Shashtika (Variety of rice which matures in 60 days)

•  Shali (Variety of rice) •  Mudga (Phaseolus radiatus L.)

•  Rock salt

•  Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.)

•  Antariksha jala (Rain water)

•  Ghrita (Clarified butter)

•  Jangala mansa rasa (Meat of wild animals)

•  Madhu (Honey) 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 32

Importance of Kaala meal timing in Dietetics

Particular seasons of the year and condition of the body also have their impact on digestive capacity as follows :-

•  Nityag - In this Ahara is consumed according to Ritusatmya.

e.g. In Hemant Ritu, the digestive power gets aggravated so heavy food substances should be taken.

In Varsha Ritu due to cold climate vata gets aggravated hence vatashamaka sweet, sour and salty food and drinks are preferred.

•  Awasthika - Ahara taken according to healthy or diseased condition of body . 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 33

Diet to be followed in Learning Cognitive disorders

as mentioned by “Bhaishajya Ratnavali” -

•  Dadima (Sweet Pomegranate)

•  Shobhanjan (Drumstick tree)

•  Narikela (Coconut)

•  Amlaki (Indian gooseberry.)

•  Haritaki (Chebulic myrobalan)

•  Tila Taila (Sesame oil)

•  Draksha (Grapes)

•  Antariksha jala (Rain water)

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 34

Wholesome foods to be followed in Learning

Cognitive disorders mentioned by “Yogratnakara”

•  Godhoom (Wheat)

•  Mudga (Lentil)

•  Rakt shali (Red rice)

•  Gau Dugdha (Fresh milk)

•  Shatdhaut Ghrita (100 Times washed clarified butter)

•  Old Kushmand fruit (Winter melon/curbis )

•  Patola (Pointed gourd)

•  Brahmi leaves (Water hyssop/gotucola )

•  Vastuka (Lamb’s quarters)

•  Draksha (Grapes/resins )

•  Amalaki (Emlica officnale ) 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 35

Herbs for Management of Cognitive Learning Disorder

•  Brahmi - Improves impaired mental functions.

Some of those herbs are as follows:-

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 36

•  Mandukparni– Increases learning capabilities. Possesses stress

relieving properties.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 37

•  Ashwagandha – Decreases excitatory neurotransmitters and

suppresses hyperactivity in brain.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 38

•  Jyotishmati – Increases memory power.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 39

•  Guduchi – Enhances cognition by increasing

synthesis of acetylcholine.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 40

•  Vacha – Useful in clearing speech of children.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 41

Sadavritta (Code of Conducts to be Followed)

Acharya Charaka has mentioned Sadavritta in Sutrasthana .

•  If one does not follow Sadavritta regimen, it leads to

development of Psychosomatic disturbances.

•  Several practices have been mentioned under Sadavritta.

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 42

Sadavritta regarding taking diet:

Ø One should not take staled food.

Ø One should not take curd at night.

Ø One should not take roasted-grain-flour without mixing it

up with ghee and sugar or in the night or after meals or in

large quantity.

Ø .

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 43

Take Home Message

Ø Diet plays an important role in health and disease.

Ø Ayurveda focuses on consumption of a diet which is wholesome for body and mind.

Ø The diet should be according to Prakriti(individual), Kala(season), Agni(Digestive fire) and Desha(Place).

Ø  There is direct relation of Diet with Mental faculties.

Aahara Shuddo Satva Shuddi, Satva Shuddo Dhruva Smriti

Ø Good diet taken with dietary code and conducts, daily routine, specific procedures in seasonal regimen, dietary changes and behavioral codes may help to enhance the mental capacity.

Ø Specific Medhya Herbs are also helpful for enhancing cognitive power. 20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 44

Research

paperon

EvaluaDon

ofBrāhmī

ghṛtamin

childrensuffering

fromARenDon

Deficit

HyperacDvity

Disorder

4520.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019

THANKYOU!

20.09.19 LD&ADHD-EAA2019 46

director@aiia.gov.in

tnesari@hotmail.com