Debbra Marcel JP/8544/13MEDICAL IMPORTANCE OF HEXAPODS TO MANA. OverviewThe use ofanimal products formedicinalpurposes has been wellestablishedsince early human history.There have been many studies of animals carried out by thescientific community around the world. Even though the therapeutic usage of animalsespeciallytheinsects andinsect products werewidelyknown sinceearlyhumancivilization, the studies of plants had predominated these highly resourceful groups oforganisms. Nowadays, zootherapists, entomologistsandmanyother scientistsaremaking more researches & discoveries on animal and the animal based products afterrealizingthat thesegroupsof organismscontributealot inhumanlivesincludingtraditional and the modern medical applications. This assignment will review some ofthe hexapods that medically important to man.B. Introductionexapods are the arthropod animals which belong to the subphylumofexapodaandphylumof !rthropoda. "lacedtogether withcrustaceans inclade"ancrustacea, hexapodsare mainlycharacterizedbythebody structurewithdistincthead, thoraxand abdomen which is called as #tagmatabodyparts.Thisgroupofinvertebrateshaveuniramousappendageswithsix$ointedlegs% apairof antennae%mouthparts modified for different food habits% head of six fused segments% thorax ofthreesegments&twopairsof wings&sometimesonepair ornone'% abdomenwithvariable separate sexes, usually oviparous &laying eggs'% one pair of mandibles, uni(ueJIB 116 Animal Diversity: Assignment 1 1/12Debbra Marcel JP/8544/13tracheal system and )alphigian tubules.Traditionally, there are two classes belong tothe subphylum of exapoda, namely Entognatha and Ectognatha &or *nsecta'.Entognatha &+r.entos, within, inside , gnathous, $aws' means the base of theanimal mouthparts lies within the head capsules, and mandibles have only onearticulation. There are three orders of arthropods belong to the class of Entognathanamely-ollembola, "roturaand.iplura.Entognathansare mainlycharacterized bytheir tiny size and commonly inhabit soils or dark/damp places. These arthropods arewingless% legs have been lost from the abdomen and undergo direct development.Ectognatha &+r. ecto, outside , gnathous, $aws' or *nsecta &0. insectus, cut into'means the base of the mouthparts exposed and exiting the head capsule, andmandibles usually have two regions of articulation.There are two subclasses of insectsnamely !pterygota and "terygota. The order of Thysanura placed under the subclassof !pterygota. )eanwhile, there are two infraclasses namely "aleoptera and Neopteraplaced under the subclass of "terygota and more than twenty orders of insectsdescribedunderthem. *nsectsarethemost diverseandabundant of all groupsofarthropods and other animals combined.They can be found almost everywhere in theworld due to their highly adaptable nature and power of flight. *nsects1 features andcharacteristics are also very diverse.This group of arthropods mainly bears two pairs ofwingsontheir thoraxalthoughsomehaveonepair% andsomearewingless. Theirfeeding habits include herbivorous, saprophagous, predaceous and parasitic.!lmost allinsects undergo metamorphosis and the growth processes are hormonally controlled.JIB 116 Animal Diversity: Assignment 1 2/12Debbra Marcel JP/8544/13C. DiscussionT!e "edic#$ i"%ort#nce o& !e'#%ods to "#n2inceancient times, animalshavebeenusedasmedical sourcestohuman.The3orldealth4rganization&34'estimatedabout 567of theworld1spopulation which is more than six billion of people rely primarily on animaland plant8based medicines &34, 9:5;'. .ifferent places in the world have their own way ofapplyinganimalsandanimal basedproductstotreat diseasesandimprovehealth.exapodsparticularlyinsectsarethemost commonanimalsusedinthetraditionalmedication. )edically, the entognathans have less known for their importance due totheir miniature sizes and rarely encountered by human.4n the other hand, insects playimportant rolestohumanwelfare, particularlyincropspollination. *nmedical term,insectsandinsect basedproductshavebeenusedbymanysocietiesthroughouthistories fromtraditional to the modern applications.Thus, with the technologyexpansion, thesetypesof organismscontinuetobestudiedandappliedinmodernscience.