Arturo BenitezArturo Benitez Roosevelt High SchoolRoosevelt High School North East Independent School DistrictNorth East Independent School District

Sy-Bor WenSy-Bor Wen Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

Texas A&M University, College StationTexas A&M University, College Station

The research question is …The research question is … Analysis of nano-patterning through near Analysis of nano-patterning through near

field effects with femtosecond and field effects with femtosecond and nanosecond lasers on semiconducting and nanosecond lasers on semiconducting and metallic targetsmetallic targets

How do we control short burst at close How do we control short burst at close proximity lasers to create nano-patterning proximity lasers to create nano-patterning and geometric patterns?and geometric patterns?

1.1. What is the societal need that the What is the societal need that the research is trying to address?research is trying to address?

Make things smallerMake things smaller 2.2. What is the bottleneck that lead to What is the bottleneck that lead to

the research?the research? Rayleigh diffraction theorem < Rayleigh diffraction theorem < λλ/2/2 The science at the nano-scale works The science at the nano-scale works

differently.differently. 3.3. What is the Research Question?What is the Research Question? How do we manufacture, design and How do we manufacture, design and

engineer materials in the nano-scale.engineer materials in the nano-scale.

Dr. Wen is interested in designing and conducting experiments in Dr. Wen is interested in designing and conducting experiments in micro to nano- scale energy transfer and mass removal along micro to nano- scale energy transfer and mass removal along with constructing theoretical analyses to explain and predict with constructing theoretical analyses to explain and predict experimental results. experimental results.

Theoretical and experimental analysis of nano-scale near-field Theoretical and experimental analysis of nano-scale near-field enhancement effects and the related heat and mass transport enhancement effects and the related heat and mass transport

Multi-time (nanoseconds to milliseconds) and length (micrometers Multi-time (nanoseconds to milliseconds) and length (micrometers to millimeters) scales analysis of the energy and mass transport to millimeters) scales analysis of the energy and mass transport during laser ablation during laser ablation

Theoretical analysis of the radiative heat transfer of laser induced Theoretical analysis of the radiative heat transfer of laser induced plasmas and the application to chemical analysis plasmas and the application to chemical analysis

Theoretical analysis of nano-particle generation during laser Theoretical analysis of nano-particle generation during laser ablation ablation

EducationEducationPh.D. Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, CA Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, CA 20062006M.S. Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, M.S. Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 19991999B.S. Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, B.S. Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 19971997

BackgroundBackground2007-present   Texas A&M University, College Station, TX2007-present   Texas A&M University, College Station, TXAssistant ProfessorAssistant Professor 2006-2007       Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA2006-2007       Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CAPostdoctoral FellowPostdoctoral Fellow in Environmental Energy Technologies Division in Environmental Energy Technologies DivisionStudying nano-scale laser ablation, patterning and their applications in Studying nano-scale laser ablation, patterning and their applications in chemical analysis chemical analysis 2003-2006       Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA2003-2006       Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CAGraduate Student ResearcherGraduate Student Researcher in Environmental Energy Technologies in Environmental Energy Technologies DivisionDivision

Laser processing with ultrahigh speed pulsed laser Laser processing with ultrahigh speed pulsed laser

Chemical analysis with laser induced plasma Chemical analysis with laser induced plasma

Nano-material generation with laser ablation Nano-material generation with laser ablation

Nano-scale energy and mass transport with near field effects Nano-scale energy and mass transport with near field effects

From WikipediaFrom Wikipedia

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of RadiationLight Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation ( (LASERLASER or or laserlaser))

Laser ablationLaser ablation is the process of removing material from a solid or liquid is the process of removing material from a solid or liquid surface by irradiating it with a laser beam.surface by irradiating it with a laser beam.

Nano-photonicsNano-photonics or or Nano-opticsNano-optics is the study of the behavior of light on is the study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale.the nanometer scale.

Nano-Nano- (symbol (symbol nn) is a prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10) is a prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10−9−9 or 0.000000001.or 0.000000001.– Nanometre, one billionth of a meter Nanometre, one billionth of a meter – Nanosecond, one billionth of a second Nanosecond, one billionth of a second

potential in nano-machiningpotential in nano-machining nano-optical surgerynano-optical surgery Nano-chemical analysis Nano-chemical analysis

Objective:Objective:

There has been a push in our society to There has been a push in our society to make items smaller and faster into the make items smaller and faster into the nano-scale. Nano research is difficult nano-scale. Nano research is difficult because you must shrink an object without because you must shrink an object without destroying it. Current science is not destroying it. Current science is not adequate enough to see beyond less than adequate enough to see beyond less than λ/2 with a traditional refractive lens. With λ/2 with a traditional refractive lens. With this limitation, we can not proceed with this limitation, we can not proceed with nano-science and nano-engineering less nano-science and nano-engineering less than 10-100 nm resolution.than 10-100 nm resolution.

Nano research is difficult because you must shrink an Nano research is difficult because you must shrink an object without destroying it. Current science is not object without destroying it. Current science is not adequate enough to see beyond less than λ/2 with a adequate enough to see beyond less than λ/2 with a traditional refractive lens. With this limitation, we can not traditional refractive lens. With this limitation, we can not proceed with nano-science and nano-engineering less than proceed with nano-science and nano-engineering less than 10-100 nm resolution. The research team is using an 10-100 nm resolution. The research team is using an apertured near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM). apertured near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM). Apertured (NSOM) does not have the limitations of far field Apertured (NSOM) does not have the limitations of far field diffraction like traditional optical devices. With the NSOM, diffraction like traditional optical devices. With the NSOM, you can achieve chemical and bio studies along with you can achieve chemical and bio studies along with nanolithography. Researchers may also be able to create nanolithography. Researchers may also be able to create nano-scale direct patterening with NSOM probes. nano-scale direct patterening with NSOM probes.

Generating differing types of nano-particles Generating differing types of nano-particles – Using laser ablationUsing laser ablation

Using thermal reflectance as a non-contact Using thermal reflectance as a non-contact measuring tool to find temperaturemeasuring tool to find temperature– Via time resolved interferometryVia time resolved interferometry

Determining the effectiveness of a zone plate as Determining the effectiveness of a zone plate as a lead into creating nano-optic devicesa lead into creating nano-optic devices– Experimental research in nano-patterningExperimental research in nano-patterning

By changing target material By changing target material combination to generate different combination to generate different nano-particles and laser parameters nano-particles and laser parameters with different background gas.with different background gas.

Using an electron microscope to Using an electron microscope to analyze the results; to determine the analyze the results; to determine the contribution of physical parameters contribution of physical parameters on the size and shape of nano-on the size and shape of nano-particles.particles.

The research team takes the The research team takes the theoretical and runs experiments to theoretical and runs experiments to get a favorable result. Once this get a favorable result. Once this process is refined, researchers can process is refined, researchers can have a working model that can be have a working model that can be applied in the field.applied in the field.

ResearchResearch can be defined as the search for can be defined as the search for knowledge or any systematic investigation to knowledge or any systematic investigation to establish.establish.

WisdomWisdom is a deep understanding and realizing of is a deep understanding and realizing of people, things, events or situations, resulting in people, things, events or situations, resulting in the ability to choose or act to consistently the ability to choose or act to consistently produce the optimum results with a minimum of produce the optimum results with a minimum of time and energy. Wisdom is comprehension of time and energy. Wisdom is comprehension of what is true or right coupled with optimum what is true or right coupled with optimum judgment as to action. judgment as to action.

Pool geometry?Pool geometry? World Cup laser gameWorld Cup laser game MirrorsMirrors ProtractorsProtractors Graph paperGraph paper Align laser pointer to bounce off Align laser pointer to bounce off

mirrors to score a GOOOOOOALmirrors to score a GOOOOOOAL

        The Dwight LookThe Dwight LookCollege of EngineeringCollege of EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityTexas A&M University

        The NationalThe NationalScience Foundation Science Foundation

    ChevronChevron

    Texas Workforce CommissionTexas Workforce Commission

    Nuclear Power InstituteNuclear Power Institute