Arslan Liaquat 6539 Project Assignment

8/19/2019 Arslan Liaquat 6539 Project Assignment

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ASSIGNMENT

UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR

(UAVSAR)

Submitted by

MUHAMMAD ARSLAN LIAQUAT

Registration Number

65!"#UR$"%STE&'()'

AN*AR +AMAL ANSARI

ASSISTANT ,R-#ESS-R

DE,ARTMENT -# ELE$TRI$AL ENGINEERING

#-UNDATI-N UNI.ERSIT/ RA*AL,IND $AM,US

+ANUAR/ '()6

1


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TABLE OF CONTENTSTITLE ,AGE00000000000000000000000000000001)

1) S/NTHATI$ A,ERTURE RADAR 5

1.1) -.ER.IE* 5

1.2) *-R2ING ,RIN$I,LE 5

1.3) RADAR EQUATI-N #-R SAR 61.4) RES-LUTI-N 6

1.5) EQUI,MENT $-NSIDERATI-N 3

1.6) -,TI$AL ,R-$ESSING 3

2) INTR-DU$TI-N T- UA.SAR !

3) ,RIMAR/ -%+E$TI.E000000000000000000000000001)(

4) $HALLENGES ))

5) STATUS -# THE UA.SAR IM,LEMENTATI-N AND $AM,AIGN SER.I$ES )'

6) ,UR,-SE -# DESIGNING UA.SAR )6

7) UA.SAR INSTRUMENT )6

8) UA.SAR MASS DISTRI%UTI-N )3

) %L-$2 DIAGRAM AND ITS DIS$RI,TI-N )!.1) ,-*ER SU%S/STEM '(

.2) DIGITAL ELE$TR-NI$ SU%S/STEM '(

.2.1) AR$4AUT-MATI$RADAR$-NTR-LLER '(

.2.2) $TU4$-NTR-LANDTIMINGUNIT ')

.3) ANTENNA SU%S/STEM ')

.3.1) ANTENNA ')

.3.2) TRANSMITTING "RE$IE.ING M-DULES ''

.3.3) TRANSMITTING"RE$EI.ING&ANTENNA&$-NTR-LLER 4TRA$

'

.3.4) THE T"R M-DULE %L-$2 DIAGRAM '

.3.5) $ALI%RATI-N '5

1!) ,LANNED UA.SAR -N%-ARD ,R-$ESSING $A,A%ILITIES '3

1!.1) UA.SAR SMART SENS-R $-N$E,T '7

11) RE#EREN$E '

LIST OF TABLES

TA%LE )8 UA.SAR INSTRUMENT ,ARAMETERS )3

TA%LE '8 UA.SAR ELE$TRI$AL ,ARAMETERS '5

TA%LE 8 UA.SAR ME$HANI$AL ,ARAMETERS '6

2


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TA%LE 8 UA.SAR EN.IR-NMENTAL ,ARAMETERS'3

TABLE OF FI"URES

FI"URE 1# GE-MATER/ (# THE S/NTATHI$ A,ERTURE RADAR

FI"URE 2# S/NTATHI$ A,ERTURE RADAR IMAGE -# SAN DIAG-

FI"URE 3# -,TI$AL ,R-$ESS-R #-R S/NTATHI$ A,ERTURE RADAR

FI"URE 4# UA.SAR RADAR ,-D ATTA$HED T- GUL#STREAM III9 SH-*ING

RE$TANGULAR ANTENNA RAD-ME

FI"URE 5# NASA UA.SAR IMAGE -# THE DEE,*ATER H-RI:-N -IL S,ILL9

$-LLE$TED +UNE '9 '()(

3


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FI"URE 6# -.ER.IE* -# THE UA.SAR INTER#ER-GRAM -# THE MAGNITUDE 31'

%A+A $ALI#-RNIA EARTHQUA2E -# A,RIL 9 '()( )

FI"URE 7##ALSE&$-L-UR $-M,-SITE IMAGE -# THE ,-RT&AU&,RIN$E9 HAITI

REGI-N9 TA2EN +AN1 '39 '()( %/ THE UA.SAR AIR%-RNE RADAR )

FI"URE 8#,-LARIMETRI$ $-M,-SITE IMAGE -# MT1 ST1 HELENS TA2EN *ITH

UA.SAR IN '((3 )5

FI"URE 8 ILLUSTRATI-N -# THE -.ERALL S/STEM $-N#IGURATI-N )6

FI"URE 1!8 $-N#IGURATI-N -# THE L&%AND RADAR ELE$TR-NI$S AND

ANTENNA *ITHIN THE ,-D STRU$TURE )7

FI"URE 11#ILLUSTRATES H-* THE .ARI-US ELE$TR-NI$S SU%S/STEMS -#

UA.SAR ARE ARRANGED *ITH IN THE ,-D )!

FI"URE 12#THE T"R M-DULE AR$HITE$TURE *ITH ,-*ER AM,LI#IERS AT T-,;

%-TT-M SIDE8 RE$EI.ERS9 ,HASE SHI#TERS9 .-LTAGE REGULAT-RS9 AND

$-NTR-LLER '

FI"URE 138-,ERATI-NAL S$ENARI- -# THE UA.SAR&%ASED SMART SENS-R9

,HASE SHI#TERS9 .-LTAGE REGULAT-RS9 AND $-NTR-LLER '!

FI"URE 14# HIGH LE.EL HARD*ARE AR$HITE$TURE -# THE UA.SAR SMART

SENS-R REGULAT-RS9 AND $-NTR-LLER1 (

FI"URE 15#HIGH LE.EL HARD*ARE AR$HITE$TURE -# THE UA.SAR SMARTSENS-R REGULAT-RS9 AND $-NTR-LLER )

1. SYNTHATIC APERTURE RADAR

1.1 O$%&$'%

S*+,%+'- /%&+0&% && 4SAR is a i?> is used to ?reate images o< ob@e?ts9

su?> as ands?aBes C t>ese images ?an be eit>er t=o or t>ree dimensiona reBresentations o< t>e

ob@e?t1 SAR uses t>e motion o< t>e radar antenna oer a targeted region to Broide an is Bossibe =it> ?onentiona beam&s?anning radars1 SAR is tyBi?ay mounted on

a moing Bat as an air?rae SAR dei?e traes oer a target in t>e

4


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time taen e radar Buses to return to t>e antenna ?reates t>e arge Fsynt>eti?F antenna

aBerture 4t>e FsieF o< t>e antenna1 As a rue o< t>umb9 t>e arger t>e aBerture is9 t>e >ig>er t>e

image resoution =i be9 regardess o< =>et>er t>e aBerture is B>ysi?a 4a arge antenna or

synt>eti? 4a moing antenna C t>is ao=s SAR to ?reate >ig> resoution images =it>

?omBaratiey sma B>ysi?a antennas1 )J

1.2 &'* P&'*-'/% (%/%)

#igure ) s>o=s an air?ra a ?onstant eo?ity aong a straig>t Bat>1 Its radar

antenna is mounted so as to radiate in t>e dire?tion BerBendi?uar to t>e dire?tion o< motion1Su?>

a radar is no=n as a side ooing radar9 or SLR1 T>e Ks in t>e e Bosition oe radar antenna ea?> ime a Buse is transmitted1 I< t>e e?>o re?eied at ea?> Bosition is stored

and i< t>e ast n Buses are ?ombined 4added toget>er9 t>e e is t>e distan?e traeed during t>e transmission o< tie * Buses1 T>e

FeementF sBa?ing o< t>e synt>esied antenna is eua to t>e distan?e traeed by t>e air?raere T

is t>e Buse reBetition Beriod and1 e Buse&reBetition


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1.4 R%=0+'*

T>e resoution in t>e ?ross&range dimension o< a ?onentiona antenna is

=>ere R is t>e range and % is t>e beam=idt>1 T>e narro=er t>e beam=idt>9 t>e better t>e

resoution1SAR Bermits t>e attainment o< >ig> resoution by using t>e motion o< t>e e>i?e to

generate t>e antenna aBerture seuentiay rat>er t>an simutaneousy as =it> a ?onentiona

array antenna1 In t>is se?tion9 t>e radar may be t>oug>t o< as ?arried by an air?rai?es1'J

1.5 E


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gyros?oBes1 /a= ange ?an be ?omBensated by rei?> t>e antenna Bosition is ad@usted so as to maintain a symmetri?a doBBer sBe?trum in

=>i?> t>e antenna Bosition is ad@usted so as to maintain a symmetri?a DoBBer sBe?trum about

ero us bot> motion ?omBensation and antenna stabiiation are ne?essary to

a?>iee t>e resoution in>erent in an SAR1

1.6 O/+'- /&-%=='*

In a synt>eti? aBerture radar t>e ?o>erent e?>o signas Sn range intera must be

stored9 =it>out oss o< B>ase9 oer t>e time intera reuired to e1 In oBti?a Bro?essing9

t>e ee?tri?a signas at t>e radar outBut are ?onerted to oBti?a images on e =eig>ting9

ed =it> t>e BroBer9 oBti?a enses and

transBaren?ies1 -Bti?a Bro?essing is basi?ay t=o dimensiona so t>at Bro?essing in t>e range

?oordinate is Bossibe =it> t>e same aBBaratus1 T>e outBut o< t>e images on e =eig>ting9

ed =it> t>e BroBer oBti?a enses and

transBaren?ies1 -Bti?a Bro?essing is basi?ay t=o dimensiona so t>at Bro?essing in t>e range

?oordinate is Bossibe =it> t>e same aBBaratus1 T>e SAR oBti?a Bro?essor is a maB ie B>otograB>i? e terrain9 as in #ig1 beo=1 T>e SAR Brodu?es images =it>out t>e sant&

range distortion t>at o??urs =it> t>e B>otograB>i? ?amera Brodu?es images =it>out t>e sant&

range distortion t>at o??urs =it> t>e B>otograB>i? ?amera1 'J

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FI"URE 2# S/NTATHI$ A,ERTURE RADAR IMAGE -# SAN DIAG-

FI"URE 3#

-,TI$AL ,R-$ESS-R #-R S/NTATHI$ A,ERTURE RADAR

2. INTRODUCTION UAVSAR

UA.SAR is a NASA L&band SAR 4Synt>eti? ABerture ?omBa?t Bod&mounted Boar metri?

instrument


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t>e NASA"D#R$ 4Dryden #ig>t Resear?> $enter in Ed=ards9 $A1 T>e radar =i be

designed to be oBerabe on a UAV 4UnBioted Aeria .e>i?e but =i initiay be

demonstrated on a on a NASA Gu =,'* &%-+*0&

*+%** &%.


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3. PRIMARY OB?ECTIVE

T>e Brimary ob@e?tie o< t>e side&ooing UA.SAR instrument is to a??uratey maB ?rusta

de natura >aards9 su?> as o?anoes and eart>uaes1 ToBograB>i?

inat9 in turn9 are obtained e noogy -


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o< ?am to ig>t turbuen?e1 T>e #MS is aso ree ,,A 4,ate radar e?tor e air?rae ground target area must be simiar is is a??omBis>ed =it> an a?tiey s?anned antenna designed to suBBort ee?troni?steering o< t>e antenna beam =it> a minimum o< )P in?rements oer a range to eK?eed )5P in t>e

t dire?tion.

5. STATUS OF THE UAVSAR IMPLEMENTATION AND CAMPAI"N

SERVICES

') -?tober '59 '()'8 NASA"+,L resear?>ers >ae deeoBed a met>od to use a sBe?iaied

NASA &D imaging radar to ?>ara?terie t>e oi in oi sBis9 su?> as t>e '()( %,

DeeB=ater Horion sBi in t>e Gu< o< MeKi?o1 T>e resear?> ?an be used to imBroe

resBonse oBerations during ara?teries an oi sBi by dete?ting ariations in t>e roug>ness o< its r t>i?

si?s9 ?>anges in t>e ee?tri?a ?ondu?tiity o< its sur ?omBared to surrounding er 4radar&dar area against t>e roug>er 4radar&brig>t o?ean sure radar energy t>at >its t>e smoot>er sur sensitiity and ot>er ?aBabiities enabed t>e team to seBarate

t>i? and t>in oi e


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Legend to #igure 58 T>e oi aBBears mu?> darer t>an t>e surrounding sea=ater in t>e greys?ae

image1 T>is is be?ause t>e oi smoot>es t>e sea sure UA.SAR antenna1 Additiona Bro?essing o< t>e

data by t>e UA.SAR team Brodu?ed t>e t=o inset ?oor images9 =>i?> reea t>e ariabiity oe oi sBis ?>ara?teristi?s9 i?er9 ?on?entrated emusions 4s>o=n in reds and yeo=s to

minima oi ?ontamination 4s>o=n in greens and bues1 Dar bues ?orresBond to areas o< ?ear

sea=ater bordering t>e oi si?1

'') -n ABri 9 '()(9 a ma@or eart>uae o< magnitude 31' ro?ed MeKi?os state o< %a@a

$aie Ameri?an Sout>=est1 T>e E Mayor&$u?aBa> uae =as

?entered 5' m sout>&sout>east o< $aeKi?o9 $A9 in nort>ern %a@a $aie boundary bet=een t>e Nort> Ameri?an and

,a?ie uae9 t>e regions argest in neary )'( years9 =as aso ern $aiundreds and

?aused substantia damage1 T>ere >ae been t>ousands o< ao?s9 eKtending e nort>ern tiB o< t>e Gu< o< $aie U1S1 border1

)(J

T>e UA.SAR air?rae eart>uae region -%-+%

?0*% 23> 2!1!

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ts and generated intere eart>uae region1 Ea?> UA.SAR t

seres as a baseine e team estimates disBa?ement region9 =it> t>e goa o< determining >o= strain is Bartitioned bet=een 2!1!> $%&' +/ "% E&+, '% ; +,%

&%'*.


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Legend to #igure 38 T>e ?ity is denoted by t>e yeo= arro=; t>e ba? arro= Boints to t>e

uae1

'$) #irst engineering test ts on t>e Gu +%* ?*.

27> 2!1! +,% UAVSAR '&&*% &&.

F'0&% 8#P&'%+&'- -/='+% '% ; M+. S+. H%%*= +%* '+, UAVSAR '*

2!!7

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rig>t =it>in t>e ?adera1 At>oug> t>e UA.SAR data =as ?oe?ted =>en t>e Bea =as

?oered in sno=9 mu?> detai is isibe in t>e L&band radar imagery1 T>e o?ani? ?adera

dominates t>e image9 =it> t>e dome isibe to t>e o=er ein t>e ?adera1 T=o

ga?iers =it>in t>e ?adera9 to t>e uBBer rig>t o< t>e dome9 are being Bus>ed toget>er as

t>e dome eKBands1 T>e edge o< SBirit Lae is at t>e uBBer ?enter o< t>e image and t>e tree

ine is isibe in green1 & ReBeat Bass images o< Mt1 St1 Heens =i be used to measure

t>e dome dee ga?ier moement1

6. PURPOSE OF DESI"NIN" UAVSAR

#rom an imBementation Boint o< ie=9 t>e ob@e?ties o< t>e UA.SAR Bro@e?t are to8

1) DeeoB a miniaturied Boarimetri? L&band SAR e asso?iated Bro?essing agorit>ms is

ee?troni?ay steered aong&tra? to assure t>at t>e antenna beam ?an be dire?ted indeBendenty9

regardess o< sBeed and =ind dire?tion1 -t>er e antenna in?ude eeation

mono Buse and Buse&to&Buse re&steering ?aBabiities t>at =i enabe some noe modes o


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The parameters for this interfae are gi!en "elow.

16

0&% # I0=+&+'* ; +,% $%& ==+% -*;'0&+'*

T% 1# UAVSAR '*=+&0%*+ /&%+%&=


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8. UAVSAR MASS DISTRIBUTION

T>e UA.SAR system reuires @ust under ' * o< D$ Bo=er =>en t>e radar is transmitting

L&band Boarimetri? RTI 4ReBeat Tra? Interis is =e

=it>in t>e ?aBa?ity o< t>e Gue standby D$ Bo=er is on t>e order o< )5( *1 T>e a?tie

array antenna >as a mass o< 5( g; t>e mass o< ea?> T"R modue is (15 g1 T>e remainder

o< t>e radar ee?troni?s in t>e Bayoad bay >as a mass o< )(( g 4aBBroKimatey '( g e R#ES 4Radio #reuen?y Ee?troni? Subsystem9 ( g e DES 4Digita Ee?troni?

Subsystem9 and ( g e ?ombined instrument mass

is '( g1

17

F'0&% 1!# Confguration o the L-band radar electronics and antenna

within the pod structure


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. BLOC DIA"RAM AND ITS EPLANATION

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T>e radar >as been designed to minimie t>e number o< inter t>e air?rae G&III #MS

4#ig>t Management Subsystem and oaded into t>e ,,A 4,ate radars AR$ 4Automati? Radar $ontroer aong =it> radar ?ommand ine air?rae oera timing and ?ontro signas e radar as =e as t>e teemetry and

data a?uisition e ARC 4Automati? Radar $ontroer is t>e main ?ontro ?omButer e radar and

?ontros a ma@or e radar during t1 It is designed to oBerate in a er t>roug> an Et>ernet ?onne?tion on ?re=ed Batroug> an

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Iridium modem e AR$ tra?s t>e air?raer >ouseeeBing e

AR$ t soandes t>e embedded G,S"INU teemetry ?oe?tion9 tra?s t>e

air?ra9 Bere Bod1T>e UA.SAR radar ?an oBerate

in a number o< ?omBeK modes in?uding muti&Boariation9 muti&


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T>e antenna is designed to radiate ort>ogona inear Boariations e antenna aBerture ?omBrises 7 Bat?> antenna eements arranged as an array o<

eements in eeation by )' eements in aimut>1 T>e eeation sBa?ing o< t>e eements

is )( ?m and t>e aimut> sBa?ing is )'15 ?m1 T>e ?orresBonding aBerture sie is (1 m K

)15 m9 but t>e antenna groundBane is arger 4(16 m K )135 m to a??ommodate t>e

arious antenna ee?troni?s subassembies9 and aso to eKisting

,&band euiBment1 )'J

T>e antenna eements are singe&ayer mi?rostriB Bat?>es 4 7 ?m K 7 ?m in sie on a

o=&Bermittiity diee?tri?9 eements

are t=o Brobes Boariation to Broide t>e reuired band=idt> oer

s?an1 T>e eements are ?aBabe o< radiating bot> >orionta 4H and erti?a 4.

Boariation1 )'J1

''. T&*='++'* :R%-%'$'* 0%=

T>ere are ' T"R modues is ar?>ite?ture

aso enabes s>ort&baseine ?ross&tra?

intere antenna uBBer and o=er >aes9 =>ie using t>e minimum

number o< T"R modues1 A ban o< at Broides ' . D$

21


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Bo=er at uB to 3 A Bused1 T>e T"R modues are ?oner an H&

Buse or a .&Buse9 and to re?eie bot> an H&Buse and .&Buse simutaneousy1 T>e

Bea Bo=er o< t>e T"R modues is )(( *9 and t>e maKimum duty ?y?e is 5V1 T>e

aerage and Bea R# Bo=ers radiated by t>e antenna are ! * and )176 *9

resBe?tiey 4assuming osses o< )1)d%1 T>e T"R modues are ?ooed by means o< an

air du?t t>at runs aong t>e engt> o< t>e antenna1 T>e air eo?ity in t>e du?t is

?ontroed to maintain a reatiey o= t>erma gradient a?ross t>e T"R modues 1)'J

%eamase s>ie

T"R modues9 and by means o< a net=or o< Brinted ?ir?uit manie T"R modue

endor9 Reme? Dee B>ase s>ie

?ommon Borts o< t>e )'&=ays are ?onne?ted to a s=it?>ing net=or t>at routes re?eie9

transmit9 and ?aibrations signas to and e R# ee?troni?s9 as reuired by t>e

radar oBerating mode )'J1

'''. T&*='++'* :R%-%'$'* *+%** -*+&%&(TRAC)

The T#R modules and antenna swith networ$ are ontrolled through a digital

interfae alled the T#R antenna ontroller (TRA%). The TRA% reei!es

ommand and timing information from flight software and a hardware interfae

alled the entral timing unit (%T&), and in turn feeds 'S serial data to the

T#R modules through twisted-pair a"les *+.

22


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'$. T,% T:R 0% - '&

T>e T"R modue bo? diagram is s>o=n in #ig1 )'1 T>e modue ?omBrises t=o sides1

T>e toB side is BoBuated =it> t>e Bo=er amBie transmit ?>ain9 Boariation

s=it?>9 ?aibration ?ouBer9 and ?ir?uators1 T>e bottom side >as re?eier sub&

assembies 4?omBrising LNA9 attenuator and B>ase s>ie transmit B>ase s>ies9 and otage reguators1

)J

23


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$. C'&+'*

In order to at is s?anned to t>e BroBer dire?tion9 it is ne?essary to

?aibrate t>e T"R modues and asso?iated beamis ?aibration

Bro?edure is essentiay a Bro?ess o< euaiing t>e B>ase and amBitude o< ea?> R#

Bat> to and e array to as to at is symmetri? about t>e aimut> and

eeation dire?tions1 In re?eie mode9 amBitude is trimmed to =it>in (15 d% using a 5&

bit digita attenuator )J1

$onsiderabe simBie ?aibration Bro?ess is obtained as a resut o< t>e

a??ura?y9 inearity9 isoation9 and Bredi?tabe temBerature deBenden?e o< t>e

beam t>ese simBi /,=% =,';+%&=> $+% &%0+&=> * -*+&%&

T% 2# UAVSAR %%-+&'- /&%+%&=


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MECHNICAL PARAMETERS

25

T% 3# UAVSAR %-,*'- /&%+%&=


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ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS

1!. PLANNED UAVSAR ONBOARD PROCESSIN" CAPABILITIES

A e UA.SAR system ?as imaging radar t>at ?ombines t>e uniue

?aBabiities o< t>e imaging radar =it> >ig> t>roug>But onboard Bro?essing te?>noogy

and onboard automated resBonse ?aBabiity based on sBe?ims1 T>is

smart sensor deeoBment eerages onoogies in rea&time

onboard synt>eti? aBerture radar 4SAR Bro?essor and onboard automated resBonse

soms Breiousy deeoBed


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T>e ?>aenges are t>e radars >ig> ra= data rate9 reuiring arge onboard data storage

and >ig> do=nin ?aBabiity9 and o= data aten?y9 reuiring deiery o< Beris>abe

ine e do=nin data

rate1 Hig> e do=nin data rate by >undreds o< orders o< magnitude1 In

Barti?uar9 t>e onboard Bro?essing ?aBabiity =i ?ontribute to seera radar&based

mission ?on?eBts aards and t>e goba ?arbon ?y?e1 #orest urri?ane&indu?ed damages on ?oasta ands?aBes and e

t=o most imBortant disturban?es o< natura e?osystems and t>reats to >uman >abitats1

T>e ?>ange dete?tion ?on?eBt under deeoBment is based on t>e NASAs AIST&('

4Adan?ed Innoogy Bro@e?t to Broide innoatie on&orbit

and ground ?aBabiities e ?ommuni?ation9 Bro?essing9 and management oe e

-bsering&) mission9 oBerationa as o< '((7 and Broiding automated disturban?e

dete?tion and a monitoring ?aBabiity


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Bro?essor =i aso eKe?ute ?aibration routines and s?ien?e agorit>ms aBBroBriate

e sBe?ie resuts are ogged1 I< ?>ange due tosBe?ie onboard automated resBonse soe Brogression o< t>e disturban?e1

T>e ne= obseration Ban is routed to t>e sBa?e?ra


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T>e >ard=are e BrototyBe autonomous system is a seassis =it> singe board ?omButers and #,GA 4#ied ,rogrammabe Gate Array

Bro?essor boards9 >ig>&sBeed seria interine

Enironment&based ?>ange dete?tion on&board Bro?essor 4$D-, ?onsists o< t=o

?ustom #,GA boards =it> t=o WiinK .irteK II&,ro #,GAs ea?> and arge >ig>&

sBeed SRAM 4Stati? Random A??ess Memory to Beried ra= data are


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#,GA Bro?essor1 T>e BreBro?essor generates t>e B>ase ?orre?tion e Bresum modue resamBes t>e Buses to a user&

sBe?ie number o< Buses to

Bro?ess in t>e aong tra? 4aimut> dire?tion =>ie redu?ing t>e noise on ea?>

radar Buse1

Motion ?omBensation is t>e Bro?ess =>ere t>e radar signa data are resamBed

e a?tua Bat> o< t>e antenna to an ideaied Bat> ?aed t>e re1

T>is Bro?ess is ne?essary to aign t>e B>ase ?enters o< t=o data ?>annes to t>e

same re to ensure maKimum ?orreation1 Aimut> Bro?essing e image in t>e aong tra? dire?tion1 Radiometri? and B>ase ?aibrations arene?essary to generate Boarimetri? or intere Bost&Bro?essor geoo?ates t>e t=o SAR images =it> inemeris data and generates aBBi?ation&sBe?i as t>e

biomass and e s?ien?e data Brodu?ts are routed ia Et>ernet to a

aBtoB or UA.SARs R-*


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11. REFERENCES

)1>ttBs8""en1=iiBedia1org"=ii"Synt>eti?XaBertureXradar

' Merri I1 Soni9 INTR-DU$TI-N T- RADAR S/STEMS9M$GRA*&HILL

INTERNATI-NAL %--2 $-M,AN/9)!71

3),++/=#::'&%-+&.%/&+.&:%:%/&+:'&&*%=%*=&=:0$=&

S1 Hensey9 21 *>eeer9 G1 Sado=y9 $1 +ones9 S1 S>aao9 21 .ines9 21 Nis>imoto9 +1 ,rater9 %1 $arri?o9 N1 $>amberain9 +1 S>imada9 M1

Simard9 %1 $>aBman9 R1 Mueers?>oen9 $1 Le9 T1 Mi?>e9 G1 Hamiton9 D1 Robison9 G1

Neumann9 R1 Meyer9 ,1 Smit>9 +1 Granger9 ,1 Rosen9 D1 #o=er9 R1 Smit>9 T>e UA.SAR

Instrument8 Des?riBtion and Test ,ans9 NST$'((3 4NASA S?ien?e and Te?>noogy

$ona9 '((6 IEEE $on


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7 N1 $>amberain9 M1 :a=adi9 G1 Sado=y9 E1 -aes9 21 %ro=n9 R1 Hodges9 T>e UA.SAR

,>ased Array ABerture9 ,ro?eedings o< t>e '((6 IEEE"AIAA AerosBa?e $on &))9 '((69 URL8 >ttB8""trs&

ne=1@B1nasa1go"dsBa?e"bitstream"'()"75")"(5&7671Bdamberain9 G1 Sado=y9 T>e UA.SAR Transmit " Re?eie Modue9 ,ro?eedings o< t>e

'((7 IEEE AerosBa?e $on )&79 '((7

)( NASA Radar Images S>o= Ho= MeKi?o Quae De9 NASA9 +une ''9 '()(9

URL8 >ttB8""===1nasa1go"toBi?s"eart>"noogy $on

Arslan Liaquat 6539 Project Assignment

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