anti-seismic devices castellano - SILER
Transcript of anti-seismic devices castellano - SILER
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 1
AntiAnti--seismic devicesseismic devices
M.Gabriella CastellanoM.Gabriella Castellano
Research and Development DepartmentResearch and Development Department
SILER Project - Training course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
Classification according to European Standard on Antiseismic device, EN15129
High damping rubber bearingsHigh damping rubber bearings
• ξξξξ = = = = 10 ÷ 15 %
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
¬¬¬¬
-300
-200
-100
0
100
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300
Fo
rza
2 H [k
N]
FIP manufactured more than 7200 HDRB for seismic isolation of civil structures
For nuclear applications: prequalification by Cogema/Areva for isolators for Usine Georges Besse II, France
High damping rubber bearingsHigh damping rubber bearings
SI-S 800/162 type test
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
γγγγ
Gdi
n(γ)
/ (γ
) /
(γ)
/ (γ
) / G
din(
γ=1)
(γ=1
)(γ
=1)
(γ=1
)
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
¬¬¬¬
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
Fo
rza
2H [
kN]
High damping rubber bearingsHigh damping rubber bearings
Shear modulus vs. shear strain (f=0.5 Hz)
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
γγγγ
ξ(γ)
/ ξ(
γ=1)
ξ(γ)
/ ξ(
γ=1)
ξ(γ)
/ ξ(
γ=1)
ξ(γ)
/ ξ(
γ=1)
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
¬¬¬¬
-300
-200
-100
0
100
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300
For
za 2
H [k
N]
High damping rubber bearingsHigh damping rubber bearings
Equivalent viscous damping vs. shear strain (f=0.5 Hz)
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 2
HDRB testsHDRB tests
SI-S 1150/352
Test at d=660 mm
HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRIS((IInternational nternational RReactor eactor IInnovative and nnovative and SSecure)ecure)
• Medium size (335 MWe) reactor, International project coordinated by Westinghouse
• Design of the isolation system of the Nuclear Steam Supplier System made by ENEA, Politecnico of Milan & University of Pisa
• fi=0.7 Hz
• PGA=0.3 g
• Displacement 100 mm
• 99 elastomeric isolators (HDRB)Dia. 1000 & 1300 mm, G=1.4 MPa, total rubber height 100 mm (100 % shear strain)
-12
-9
-6
-3
0
3
6
9
12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Time (s)
Acc
eler
atio
n (m
/s2 )
ROOF (fixed base)
GROUND (~ Vessel)
ISOLATED BUILDING
• 6 prototypes: 1:2 scale of Dia. 1000 mm isolators;
500 mm diameter (1st step; full scale tests will be
carried out in the 2nd step)
• Characterization tests (compression,
compression–shear, quasi-static, dynamic,
up to 1.5 Hz, up to s.s. 150 %)
• Failure tests:
- in compression
- in shear (+compression)
HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRISType (qualification) tests on isolatorsType (qualification) tests on isolators • Dynamic tests
• f=0.7 Hz, increasing amplitudes (shear strain ± 5%, ± 10%, ± 20%, ± 50%, ± 100% and ± 150%)
• f= 0.1, 0.5, 1,1.5 Hz, s.s. 100%
• CESI laboratory
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60
Displacement [mm]
For
ce [k
N]
5% S. S.
10% S.S.
20% S.S.
50% S.S.
100% S.S.
HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRIS
• Failure tests in shear-compression
• 2 isolators tested in double-shear configuration: NO DAMAGE up to shear strain 350 %
• 1 isolator tested in single-shear configuration: failure at about 380 % s.s. (≈ 3.8 times the design value)
HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRIS
the operational capacity of the isolator (i.e. ability to sustain vertical and horizontal loads) is guaranteed even after an important damage
repetition of test at ± 100% s.s. after failure in shear:reduction of stiffness
HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRIS
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 3
• failure test in compression on 500 mm Dia. prototype, 1:2 scale of Dia. 1000 mm isolators designed for Nuclear Steam Supplier System of IRIS reactor;
• failure at 45444 kN (251 MPa), ≈ 23 times the design vertical load
HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB HDRB applicationsapplications
HDRB HDRB applicationsapplications
Snap back tests on a building isolated with HDRBSnap back tests on a building isolated with HDRB
Displacement 130 mm
Lead rubber bearingsLead rubber bearings
• ξξξξ = = = = 20 ÷ 30 %
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 4
Type test on full scale isolators (Dia. 1100 mm) f=0.208 Hz, amplitude ± 324 mm (s.s.123 %)
Lead rubber bearingsLead rubber bearings
Curved Surface SlidersCurved Surface Sliders
µ+⋅π=
XRg
T11
2The period does not depend upon the mass
Working Principle
similar to a Pendulum
+µ
⋅π
=ξ
µ+⋅=
1R
X12
XR
1WK
e
e
ξe up to ≈ 30 %
-800
0
800
-400 0 400
Spostamento [mm]
For
za [
kN]
Curved Surface SlidersCurved Surface SlidersFIP series FIP-D series
Double Concave Curved Surface Sliders
Curved Surface Sliders Curved Surface Sliders (FIP & FIP(FIP & FIP--D series)D series)
First type tests on 2008 at EUCENTRE Lab. in ItalySingle and Double Concave CSS, European Standard EN15129 Vertical load 7000 kN÷10000 kN
V = 7000 kN
f = 0.31 Hz
Vmax = 0.67 m/s
d = ± 340 mm
FIP-D 300/520 (4000) - Collaudo d'Accettazione
-100 -50 0 50 100
Spostamento [mm]
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
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Fo
rza
Ori
zzo
ntal
e 6H
[kN
]
Curved Surface Sliders (FIP & FIP-D series)
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 5
Curved Surface Sliders (FIP & FIP-D series)
R
WK r = Multidirectional Type Tests at University of California
at San Diego, Caltrans SRMD Laboratory
Multidirectional TestsMultidirectional Testsat UCSDat UCSDFIP-D 300/520 (4000)of the lot of isolators manufactured for the C.A.S.E. Project
Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)Applied displacement (clover leaf path)
Measured diagonal force vs diagonal
displacement
Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)
FIPFIP--D300D300--520(4000)_Type1_CL.avi520(4000)_Type1_CL.avi
Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)Applied displacement time-histories (from records on April 6, 2009)
Axis X Axis Y
Trajectory on the X-Y
plane
Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)
FIPFIP--D300D300--520(4000)_Type1_W2000_EQ1.avi520(4000)_Type1_W2000_EQ1.avi
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 6
Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)
Axis X Axis Y
Measured horizontal forces
Measured diagonal force vs diagonal
displacement
CSS applicationsCSS applications
CSS applicationsCSS applications CSS applicationsCSS applications
CSS applicationsCSS applications
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 7
Steel hysteretic Steel hysteretic dampersdampers
Tapered pindissipating element
Steel hysteretic dampersSteel hysteretic dampers
Double taperedpin dissipating element
Crescent moon elements
Steel hysteretic dampersSteel hysteretic dampers
BUTTERFLY shaped
dampers
Steel hysteretic dampers
Flat sliders with steel hysteretic dampers
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 8
Flat sliders with steel hysteretic dampers
Flat sliders with steel hysteretic
dampers
Chirag 1 Oil Platform (Retrofit), Chirag 1 Oil Platform (Retrofit), AzerbaijanAzerbaijan
Chirag 1 Oil PlatformChirag 1 Oil Platform
Flat surface sliders with steel hysteretic dampers (crescent moon elements)
Viscous dampersViscous dampers
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 9
F = C vα
α = 0.15
Force vs. Velocity
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260Velocity [mm/s]
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Loa
d [k
N]
T= 40 °C
T= -25 °C
Design Constitutive Law
Lower Bound Limit (-15%)
Upper bound Limit (+15%)
OTP 50/300
Performance Verification / Constant Velocity Test
F= 219.75*V0.15
Viscous dampersViscous dampers ViscousViscousdampersdampers
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Stroke [mm]
-500
-400
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-100
0
100
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300
400
500
Load
[kN
]
Force vs. displacement
TimeTime--history dynamic testhistory dynamic test RionRion--Antirion Main Bridge, Antirion Main Bridge, Grecia
Type tests at UCSD5 cycles; d = ± 300 mm; velocity = 800 mm/s
Rion-Antirion Link, Greece RionRion--Antirion Main BridgeAntirion Main Bridge
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 10
RionRion--Antirion Main BridgeAntirion Main Bridge
Achalia-Ilia Earthquake of June 8, 2008 Mw=6.5
Epicenter 36 km from the bridge PGA at Rion bank 0.127 g
The earthquake at pier 2
Taipei 101, Taiwan
•• 8 viscous dampers for the Tuned Mass Damper 8 viscous dampers for the Tuned Mass Damper
•• F=CvF=Cv22 (0(0÷÷1 m/s); F=Cv1 m/s); F=Cv0.10.1 (1(1÷÷2.3 m/s) 2.3 m/s)
•• F=1000 kNF=1000 kN
•• s=s=±±750 mm750 mm
Taipei 101, Taiwan Taipei 101, Taiwan
Courtesy of Motioneering
Taipei 101 - VDs during a Typhoon
Courtesy of Motioneering
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 11
Shock Transmission UnitsShock Transmission Units
•• Accommodate low velocity displacements (due to Accommodate low velocity displacements (due to
thermal contraction/expansion) with a very low thermal contraction/expansion) with a very low
reaction (reaction (≤≤ 10 % F10 % Fmaxmax));;
•• Prevent high velocity displacements due to events Prevent high velocity displacements due to events
of sudden onset (earthquakes, sudden bracking of sudden onset (earthquakes, sudden bracking
actions), thus acting as fixed connection during actions), thus acting as fixed connection during
dynamic actions.dynamic actions.
Temporary lock up devices able to:
Shock Transmission Units
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Displacement [mm]
-300
-240
-180
-120
-60
0
60
120
180
240
300
Load
[kN
]
Frequency 4 Hz
Force ≅ 240 kN
Dynamic behaviour
Sinusoidal test with imposed force
Model: high stiffness spring
K ≅ Fmax/5% x displ.
n. 4 STUs
F=5000 kN, d = ± 1100 mm
Storebælt Bridge, Denmark
STU applicationsSTU applications
Stonecutters Bridge -Hong Kong
n. 8 STUs
F = 8000 kNd = ± 400 mm
STU applicationsSTU applications
44 44
Stonecutters Bridge - Hong Kong
STU STU applicationsapplications
Stonecutters Bridge - Hong Kong
STU STU applicationsapplications
SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors
23/05/2011
M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa Page 12
STU applications in buildingsSTU applications in buildings
Thank you !