Unit 5: Ancient Greece Introduction: Geography. Ancient Greece.
Ancient Greece
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Transcript of Ancient Greece
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Ancient Greece
Battle of Salamis480 B.C.E.
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Essential Standards
• 6.G.1 Understand geographic factors that influenced the emergence, expansion and decline of civilizations, societies and regions (i.e. Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas) over time.
• 6.C&G.1Understand the development of government in various civilizations, societies and regions.
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Clarifying Objectives• 6.G.1.1 Explain how the physical features and human
characteristics of a place influenced the development of civilizations, societies and regions (e.g., location near rivers and natural barriers, trading practices and spread of culture).
• 6.G.1.3 Compare distinguishing characteristics of various world regions (e.g., physical features, culture, political organization and ethnic make-up).
• 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems (e.g., democracy, absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy).
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Essential Questions
• Which NATURAL BARRIER did Themistocles to defeat the Persians in the Battle of Salamis?
• Why would the Athenians choose to live in a region that had NATURAL BARRIERS?
• How does the region of Greece’s physical features help Ancient Greece in their famous battles?
• What is a DEMOCRACY?
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Greek Trireme Ships
• Ancient Greece’s secret weapon
• Greek war ships that were made from Oak…① Light② Fast③ Easy to Steer
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhTET-JmFdM
• 7:04-7:54
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Admiral Themistocles
• Admiral Themistocles was a Greek sea captain
• He was the leader of the Greek Navy
• He was the last chance for Ancient Greece to fend off the Persians
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Persians were Coming
• Persians had made it past Leonidas & his 300 men and were coming straight for Athens
• A decision had to be made to stay in Athens and fight or to run to escape the Persians
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Oracle @ Delphi• An Oracle was a person that the
Greek God communicated to humans through
• Delphi was a mountain where the Oracle lived
• Oracles were usually young women that had been heavily drugged
• Oracles were often consulted before an important decision was made
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Oracle @ Delphi
• Athenians always consulted the Oracle per cultural tradition before they went to battle to see if it is a good idea or not
• When asked the Oracle replied “the walls of wood will remain unsacked”
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Athenians were Afraid• Athenians wanted to run to
the Island of Salamis
• Themistocles however called them cowards and said the “walls of wood” were the ships he had built
• Nobody believed him and they all left Athens to seek nearby protection on the island of Salamis
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Athens Burns• Persians attacked from the
North after their finally getting through the mountains at Thermopylae
• They reached Athens and nobody was there
• They burned the whole city all the way to the ground
• Xerxes was victorious
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Finishing the Greeks
• Not satisfied with burning down Athens Xerxes wanted to finish the Greeks
• He took his ships and sailed to the bay of Salamis to finish the Greeks
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Admiral Themistocles • Admiral Themistocles
takes charge
• He begins by organizing all of the Greek Trireme Ships
• Then he sends one of his slaves to Xerxes to tell him that the Greeks were about to run
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Xerxes falls for the Trick• Instead of attacking that
day Xerxes sets up his ships to cut off all escape routes so the Greeks cannot escape
• He spends the night blocking all escape routes
• This tired out all the Persian sailors
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Xerxes Climbs a Hill• Xerxes so confident in final
victory climbs a hill to watch the battle from above
• All of Xerxes Naval Captains advise him to attack the Greeks except one
• The only woman Naval Captain Artemisia warned not to attack the Greeks
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Queen Artemisia• Queen Artemisia was the only
woman Naval Commander that the Persians had
• She was a Greek Queen who had been captured by Xerxes Army and forced to fight for them
• She knew that Greek Naval strategies & knew that it was not a good idea to attack
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Xerxes Attacks
• Xerxes attacks sailing into the strait of Salamis
• That is where the Greek Navy waits for him
• Xerxes is quickly trapped and even though he has 3 times as many ships they cannot move
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3CJT_v1Ukbg
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Essential Questions
• Get with a partner and answer…
• Which NATURAL BARRIER did Themistocles to defeat the Persians in the Battle of Salamis?
• Why would the Athenians choose to live in a region that had NATURAL BARRIERS?
• How does the region of Greece’s physical features help Ancient Greece in their famous battles?
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Gridlocked
• Xerxes ships become Gridlocked and they cannot move without smashing into another one of his ships
• Themistocles surrounds Xerxes ships and annihilates them
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Ancient Greece wins at Salamis
• Themistocles & Ancient Greece wins at Salamis
• A furious but defeated Xerxes realizes that Greece will never be his
• Greece has kept their independence from the largest Empire of Earth
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With Victory comes Culture
• Greece is able to keep their culture intact
• They are able to keep their Democratic Government intact
• Greece’s culture shapes the future culture of all the Western World
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Essential Questions
• Get with a partner and answer…
• What is a DEMOCRACY?
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Important Points• 6.G.1.1 (Natural Barriers)
Themistocles uses the Strait of Salamis as a Natural Barrier to protect his ships and force Persia’s ships into gridlock
• 6.G.1.3 (distinguishing characteristic of regions [physical features]) Most of Greece has mountains which played an important role in Ancient Greece’s famous battles
• 6.C&G.1.1 (Democracy) Ancient Greece is the birthplace of democracy where the people/citizens vote on decisions