AM BROADCAST TRANSMITTER TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS General Technical Requirements1. Adequacy of Components2. Compliance with Electrical Wiring Rules3. Regulation of Supply Voltage4. Protection- Protection of persons- Protection of equipment

Technical RequirementsAntenna ConsiderationEfficiencyPolarizationSignal StrengthSite Location

Site LocationLocation of the population to be servedSoil conductivityConductivity of the path between the site and the target area.Existing local and national regulationsAdequate Land Area

Transmitting EquipmentLocation and Layout- Adequate space - Adequate ventilation - Adequate lighting

Performance Specifications Ability to deliver and maintain within 10% the rated carrier power and a provision to vary the sameCapable of operating at the authorized operating power with modulation of at least 90% with distortion within limits.Capable of maintaining the operating frequency with the limits of 10 Hz of the assigned frequencyCarrier hum and other noise (in the 30 to 20 kHz) must be at least 45 dB below the level of a sinusoidal tone of a 400 Hz, producing 90% modulation

From microphone terminals to the antenna output, the total audio frequency distortion at modulation from 0-84% must not exceed 5% harmonics and not over 7.5% harmonics at 85-95% modulation.Distortion is measured with modulating frequencies of 50, 100, 400, 1000, 5000, and 7500 Hz or even higher.The audio frequency transmitting characteristics from the microphone terminals to the antenna output must be within 2 dB from 1 kHz from 80 to 7500 Hz.The transmitter must be equipped with the necessary meters to measure the plate current and voltage, etc.

The transmitter must be equipped with an adequate control system for the application and removal of power.Any emission appearing on a frequency removed from the carrier by between 15 kHz and 30 kHz inclusive shall be attenuated at least 25 decibels below the level of the unmodulated carrierAny emission appearing on a frequency removed from the carrier by more than 30 kHz up to 75 kHz inclusive shall also be attenuated at least 35 dB.

Any emission appearing on a frequency removed from the carrier by more than 75 kHz shall be attenuated at least 43+10log(power in watts) below the level of the unmodulated carrier or 80 dB whichever is lesser.

Bleeder resistors or the like shall be installed across all the condenser banks to remove any charge which may remain after the high voltage circuit is opened.RF stages must be properly shielded.Modulation and frequency monitor are required.

Metering Equipment for Last stage Current and VoltageLinear scaleLength of scale shall not be less than 6 cmsAccuracy shall be at least 2 percent of the full readingThe maximum rating shall be such that it does not read off scale during normal operation.Full scale reading shall not be greater than five times the minimum normal indication.

Metering Equipment for Antenna Current Logarithmic scalesFull-scale reading shall not be greater than three times the minimum normal indicationNo scale division above one-fifth scale reading (in amperes) shall be greater than one-fiftieth of the full scale reading.For multi-tower antenna systems, current and their corresponding phase with the reference antenna are measured.Remote antenna current meters must have the same specifications as the regular meters and must indicate to within 2% of the regular meter reading over the entire range above 1/3 or 1/5 full-scale.

Frequency Monitor Specifications- accuracy of at least 5 parts per million- the range must be at least 20 Hz around the assigned frequency- the scale of the indicating device shall be so calibrated as to be accurately read within at least 1 Hz.

Emergency Equipment and FacilitiesAlternate Main Transmitterit is co-located with the regular main transmitterperformance characteristics must be the same as the regular main transmitter

Auxiliary Transmittermay or may not be co-located with the regular main transmitterthe operating power shall not be less than 10% or never greater than the authorized operating power of the main transmittera licensed operator shall be in control whenever an auxiliary transmitter is placed in operationa modulation monitor and frequency monitor are required to be installed along with it.Emergency Equipment and Facilities

Emergency Electric Power Generating Unitit must be installed with sufficient electrical capabilityEmergency Announcement Equipment Complementit must be installed in the transmitter side for emergencies, to ensure uninterrupted programming during the stations authorized hours of operationEmergency Equipment and Facilities

Spare Component Partsa reasonable variety and number of spare component parts shall be kept on hand.Fire Fighting FacilitiesEmergency Equipment and Facilities

BROADCAST AUXILIARY SERVICESStudio-to-Transmitter Link (STL) Remote Control Pick-up Broadcast StationCommunications, Coordination and Control Link

Studio-to-Transmitter Link- FrequenciesBand A 300-315 MHzBand B 734-752 MHzBand C942-952 MHz- maximum power allowable is 15 watts

Remote Pick-up Broadcast StationfrequenciesBand A 315-325 MHzBand B 450-451 MHzBand C455-456 MHzmaximum power allowable is 35 watts

Communications, Coordination and Control LinkfrequenciesBand A 4-12 MHzBand B 25.67-26.1 MHzBand C162.235-162.615 MHz166.250 MHz and 170.150 MHzBand D432.5 MHz-433 MHz437.5 MHz-438 MHz

OPERATING REQUIREMENTSHours of Operation- minimum of 2/3 of the total hours that it is authorized to operate- in emergency operation, a station may cease operation not to exceed 10 days.- Stations can operate outside the regular broadcast hours without authorization provided the program falls under emergency category and properly logged - If operation is discontinued the licensee shall notify the authority at least 2 days before the actual discontinuance is effected.

Posting of Station and Operator LicensesOperator RequirementsOPERATING REQUIREMENTS

Station Identification Announcementsstation ID consists of the call letter, frequency and locationAM broadcast stations shall make station ID announcement at the beginning and ending of each time of operation and during operation on the hour and either on the half hour or at the quarter hour preceding the next hour, played within 2 minutes.For longer programs (more than 1 hour), station IDs are made during the first interruption of the programFor programs longer than 30 minutes, station IDs are played within 5 minutes of the times specified.

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS

Logsa. Program Logtime of each station ID is madedescription of the program which includes short description, title, sponsors name, beginning and end time.b. Operating Logsign on and sign off timesinterruption times, cause and durationan entry of the current and voltage of the last radio stage and the antenna current every 30 minuteslogs are kept for two years

Remote Control OperationOPERATING REQUIREMENTS

ALLOCATION RULES AND REGULATION Maximum Power allocationMetro Manila Stations can have up to 50 kW. All other areas can have up to 10 kW. The station cannot operate more than 5% and not lower than 10% of its authorized powerFor increased power, a special permit is granted on a case to case basis

ALLOCATION RULES AND REGULATION Protection Ratio

Frequency RF Signal Ratio RF Protection Ratio Co-Channel 73 dBu:43 dBu 30 1st Adjacency 73 dBu:64 dBu 92nd Adjacency 73 dBu:97 dBu -24

Frequency Separationthe separation is 36 kHzNumber of AM Radio Stations Per Commercial Broadcast EntityOneALLOCATION RULES AND REGULATION

AM STEREOPHONIC STANDARD

The AM stereophonic standard is the C-QUAM AM stereophonic system.

AM STEREOPHONIC STANDARD

PUBLIC INFORMATION FILEA copy of the station license.Documents stating the mode of ownershipA list of facilities arranged chronologically and the corresponding licenses and permits.Copies of Program standards, Technical Standards, Memorandum Circulars, etc from the authority.Evidence of membership in the KBP.