FM600 Broadcast Transmitter User's Manual...FM600 Broadcast Transmitter User's Manual ©2008 Crown...
Transcript of FM600 Broadcast Transmitter User's Manual...FM600 Broadcast Transmitter User's Manual ©2008 Crown...
FM600 Broadcast Transmitter
User's Manual
©2008 Crown Broadcast, a division of International Radio and Electronics Corporation
25166 Leer Drive, Elkhart, Indiana, 46514-5425 U.S.A. (574) 262-8900
Revision Control Revision Print Date
Initial Release March 2007
Important Notices ©2008, Crown Broadcast, a division of International Radio and Electronics Corporation. Portions of this document were originally copyrighted by Michael P. Axman in 1994. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form by any means without the written permission of International Radio and Electronics, Inc. Printed in U.S.A.
Crown Broadcast attempts to provide information that is accurate, complete, and useful. Should you find inadequacies in the text, please send your comments to the following address:
International Radio and Electronics Corporation P.O. Box 2000
Elkhart, Indiana, 46515-2000 U.S.A.
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Revision A January 2008
Contents Section 1– Getting Acquainted 1-1 1.1 Your Transmitter 1-2 1.2 Applications and Options 1-3 1.2.1 Stand Alone 1-4 1.2.2 Backup 1-4 1.2.3 Exciter 1-4 1.2.4 Translator 1-5 1.2.5 Satellator 1-6 1.3 Transmitter/Exciter Specifications 1-7 1.4 Receiver Specifications 1-9 1.5 Safety Considerations 1-9 1.5.1 Dangers 1-9 1.5.2 Warnings 1-9 1.5.3 Cautions 1-9 Section 2– Installation 2-1 2.1 Operating Environment 2-2 2.2 Power Connections 2-2 2.2.1 AC Line Voltage Setting 2-2 2.2.2 Fuses 2-3 2.3 Frequency (Channel) Selection 2-4 2.3.1 Modulation Compensator 2-6 2.4 Receiver Frequency Selection 2-7 2.5 RF Connections 2-11 2.6 Audio Input Connections 2-12 2.7 SCA Input Connections 2-13 2.8 Composite Input Connection 2-13 2.9 Audio Monitor Connections 2-14 2.10 Pre-emphasis Selection 2-14 2.11 Program Input Fault Time-out 2-15 2.12 Remote I/O Connector 2-15
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Section 3-Operation 3-1 3.1 Initial Power-up Procedures 3-2 3.2 Power Switches 3-4 3.2.1 Power Switch 3-4 3.2.2 Carrier Switch 3-4 3.3 Front Panel Bar-Dot Displays 3-5 3.3.1 Audio Processor Input 3-5 3.3.2 Highband and Wideband Display 3-5 3.3.3 Modulation Display 3-5 3.4 Input Gain Switches 3-6 3.5 Processing Control 3-6 3.6 Stereo-Mono Switch 3-6 3.7 RF Output Control 3-7 3.8 Digital Multimeter 3-7 3.9 Fault Indicators 3-8 Section 4-Principals of Operation 4-1 4.1 Part Numbering 4-2 4.2 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Circuit Board 4-3 4.2.1 Audio Processor Section 4-3 4.2.2 Stereo Generator Section 4-4 4.3 RF Exciter Circuit 4-6 4.4 Metering Circuit 4-7 4.5 Motherboard 4-8 4.6 Display Circuit Board 4-10 4.7 Driver Switch logic Board 4-11 4.8 RF Driver 4-13 4.9 RF Amplifier 4.14 4.10 Chassis 4-15 4.11 RF Output Filter & Reflectometer 4-15 4.12 Receiver Circuit Board Option 4-16
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Section 5-Adjustments and Tests 5-1 5.1 Audio Processor Adjustments 5-2 5.1.1 Pre-Emphasis Selection 5-2 5.1.2 Pre-Emphasis Adjustment 5-2 5.2 Stereo Generator Adjustments 5-2 5.2.1 Separation 5-2 5.2.2 Composite Output 5-3 Using a Modulation Monitor 5-3 5.2.3 19kHz Level 5-3 5.2.4 19kHz Phase 5-3 5.3 Frequency Synthesizer Adjustments 5-3 5.3.1 Frequency (Channel) Selection 5-3 5.3.2 Modulation Compensator 5-4 5.3.3 Frequency Measurement and Adjustment 5-4 5.3.4 FSK Frequency Offset Control 5-4 5.4 Metering Board Adjustments 5-4 5.4.1 Power Calibrate 5-4 5.4.2 Power Set 5-4 5.4.3 SWR Calibrate 5-5 5.4.4 PA Current Limit 5-5 5.5 Motherboard Configuration 5-5 5.6 Display Modulation Calibration 5-5 5.7 Driver Switch Logic Adjustment 5-6 5.8 Bias Set (RF Power Amplifier) 5-6 5.9 Performance Verification 5-7 5.9.1 Audio Proof of Performance Measurements 5-7 5.9.2 De-Emphasis Input Network 5-7 5.10 Carrier Frequency 5-8 5.11 Output Power 5-8 5.12 RF Bandwidth and RF Harmonics 5-8 5.13 Pilot Frequency 5-8 5.14 Audio Frequency Response 5-8 5.15 Audio Distortion 5-9 5.16 Modulation Percentage 5-9 5.17 FM and AM Noise 5-9 5.18 Stereo Separation 5-9 5.19 Crosstalk 5-9 5.19.1 Main Channel Into Sub 5-9 5.19.2 Sub Channel Into Main 5-9 5.20 38kHz Subcarrier Suppression 5-10 5.21 Additional Checks 5-10
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Section 6-Reference Drawings 6-1 6.1 Views 6-2 6.2 Board Layouts and Schematics 6-4 Section 7-Service and Support 7-1 7.1 Service 7-2 7.2 24-Hour Support 7-2 Transmitter Output Efficiency Appendix-1 Glossary G-1 Index Index-1
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Section 1—Getting Acquainted
This section provides a general description of the FM600 transmitter and introduces you to safety conventions used within this document. Review this material before installing or operating the transmitter.
1-1 Getting Acquainted
1.1 Your Transmitter The FM600 is a member of a family of FM stereo broadcast transmitters. Crown transmitters are known for their integration, ease-of-use, and reliability. The integration is most apparent in the standard transmitter configuration which incorporates audio processing, stereo generation, and RF amplification without compromised signal quality. A single Crown transmitter can replace several pieces of equipment in a traditional system. Ease-of-use is apparent in the user-friendly front panel interface and in the installation procedure. Simply select your operating frequency (using 5 external switches), add an audio source, attach an antenna, and connect AC power and you're ready to broadcast. Of course, the FM series of transmitters also feature more sophisticated inputs and monitoring connections if needed. Reliability is a Crown tradition. The first Crown transmitters were designed for rigors of worldwide and potentially portable use. The modular design, quality components, engineering approach, and high production standards ensure stable performance. Remote control and metering of the transmitter are made possible through a built-in I/O con-nector. For more direct monitoring, the front panel includes a digital multimeter display and status indicators. Automatic control circuitry provides protection for high VSWR as well as high current, voltage, and temperature conditions.
Illustration 1-1 FM600 Stereo Broadcast Transmitter
1-2 FM600 Manual
1.2 Applications and Options Crown transmitters are designed for versatility in applications. They have been used as stand-alone and backup transmitters and in booster, translator, satellator, and nearcast applications. The following discussion describes these applications further. Model numbers describe the configuration of the product (which has to do with its intended purpose) and the RF output power which you can expect. The number portion of each name represents the maximum RF output power. The FM600, for example, can generate up to 600 watts of RF output power. Suffix letters describe the configuration. The FM600T, for example, is the standard or transmitter configuration. Except where specified, this document describes the transmitter configuration. In this configuration, the product includes the following components (functions): • Audio Processor/Stereo Generator • RF Exciter • Metering • Low-Pass filter
Illustration 1–2 Standard (Transmitter) Configuration
1-3 Getting Acquainted
Stereo Generator Circuit Audio
Processor Circuit
RF Exciter Circuit
Metering Circuit
RF Low Pass filter
1.2.1 Stand-Alone In the standard configuration, the FM600 is an ideal stand-alone transmitter. When you add an audio source (monaural, L/R stereo, or composite signal), an antenna, and AC power, the transmitter becomes a complete FM stereo broadcast station, capable of serving a community. As stand-alone transmitters, Crown units often replace multiple pieces of equipment in a traditional setup (exciter, audio processor, RF amplifier). 1.2.2 Backup In the standard configuration, Crown transmitters are also used in backup applications. Should your primary transmitter become disabled, you can continue to broadcast while repairs take place. In addition, the FM transmitters can replace disabled portions of your existing system including the exciter, audio processor, or amplifier. Transfer switches on each side of the existing and backup transmitters make the change-over possible with minimal downtime. 1.2.3 Exciter In addition to the standard configuration, the FM600 is available in optional configurations to meet a variety of needs. An "E" suffix, as in the FM600E, for example, represents an exciter-only configuration. In this configuration, the audio processor and stereo generator boards are replaced with cir-cuitry to bypass their function. The exciter configurations are the least expensive way to get Crown quality components into your transmission system. You might consider the Crown exciter when other portions of your system are performing satisfactorily and you want to maximize your investment in present equipment.
1-4 FM600 Users Manual
1.2.4 Translator A receiver configuration (FM600R, for example) replaces the audio processor/stereo generator board with a receiver module. This added feature makes the FM600 ideal for translator service in terrestrial-fed networks. These networks represent a popular and effective way to increase your broadcasting coverage. Translators, acting as repeater emitters, are necessary links in this chain of events. Traditionally, network engineers have relied on multiple steps and multiple pieces of equipment to accomplish the task. Others have integrated the translator function (receiver and exciter) to feed an amplifier. Crown, on the other hand, starts with an integrated transmitter and adds a solid-state Receiver Module to form the ideal translator.
This option enables RF input and RF output on any of Crown’s FM series of transmitters. In addition, the module supplies a composite output to the RF exciter portion of the transmitter. From here, the signal is brought to full power by the built-in power amplifier for retransmission. The Receiver Module has been specifically designed to handle SCA channel output up to 100 kHz for audio and high-speed data. FSK ID programming is built-in to ensure compliance with FCC regulations regarding the on-air identification of translators. Simply specify the call sign of the repeater station when ordering. Should you need to change the location of the translator, replacement FSK chips are available. The Receiver Module option should be ordered at the time of initial transmitter purchase. How-ever, an option kit is available for field converting existing Crown units. In the translator configuration there are differences in the function of the front panel. See Sec-tion 3 for a description.
1-5 Getting Acquainted
Frequency Selection (Receive)
Receiver Module (Option)
RF Input (Receive Antenna)
Frequency Selection Transmit
RF Output
RF Low Pass Filter
Illustration 1–3 Crown's Integrated Translator
1.2.5 Satellator One additional option is available for all configurations—an FSK Identifier (FSK IDer). This added feature enables the FM600 to transmit its call sign or operating frequency in a Morse code style. This option is intended for use in satellite-fed networks. Transmitters equipped in this fashion are often known as "satellators." Connect the transmitter to your satellite receiver and the pre-programmed FSK IDer does the rest—shifting the frequency to comply with FCC requirements and in a manner that is unno-ticeable to the listener. The FSK IDer module should be ordered at the time you order your transmitter, but is available separately (factory programmed for your installation).
Illustration 1–4 Transmitter with FSK IDer Option
Add the FSK IDer option to the exciter configuration for the most economical satellator. (A composite input signal is required.)
1-6 FM600 User’s Manual
FSK Ider
1.3 Transmitter/Exciter Specifications Frequency Range 87.9 MHz–107.9 MHz (76 MHz–90 MHz optionally available)
RF Power Output (VSWR 1.7:1 or better)
FM600 Up to 660 watts output RF Output Impedance 50 Ohms Frequency Stability Meets FCC specifications from 0-50 degrees C Audio Input Impedance 50k Ω bridging, balanced, or 600 Ω Audio Input Level Selectable for –10 dBm to +10 dBm for 75 kHz deviation at 400 Hz Pre-emphasis Selectable for 25, 50, or 75 µsec; or flat Audio Response Conforms to 75 µsec pre-emphasis curve as follows: Complete Transmitter ±0.30 dB (50 Hz–10 kHz) ±1.0 dB (10 kHz–15 kHz) Exciter only ±0.25 dB (50 Hz–15 kHz) Distortion (THD + Noise) Complete Transmitter Less than 0.7% (at 15kHz) Exciter only Less than 0.3% (50Hz-15kHz) Stereo Separation Complete Transmitter Better than –40dB (50Hz-15kHz) Exciter only Better than –40dB (50Hz-15kHz) Crosstalk Main into Sub, better than –40dB Sub into Main, better than –40dB Stereo Pilot 19 kHz ±2 Hz, 9% modulation
1-7 Getting Acquainted
Subcarrier Suppression 50dB below ±75 kHz deviation FM S/N Ratio (FM noise) Complete Transmitter Better than –60dB Exciter only Better than –70dB AM S/N Ratio Asynchronous and synchronous noise better than FCC requirements RF Bandwidth ±120 kHz, better than –35 dB ±240 kHz, better than –45 dB RF Spurious Products Better than –71dB Operating Environment Temperature (0°C to 50°C) Humidity (0 to 80% at 20°C) Maximum Altitude (3,000 Meters; 9834 Feet AC Power 120-240 volts* +/-10% 50/60Hz Note: We set voltage and ampere requirements to assist you in designing your system. De-pending on your operating frequency, actual requirements for maximum voltage and current readings are 10–15% lower than stated. Regulatory Type notified FCC parts 73 and 74 Meets FCC, DOC Dimensions 32.38 x 59.69 x 62.23 centimeters 12.75 x 23.5 x 24.5 Inches Weight 38 lbs 17.237 Kg *200 volts AC input or greater, recommended for RF power output of 575W or greater. Voltage measured at the AC power input connector to transmitter.
1-8 FM600 User’s Manual
1.4 Receiver Specifications Monaural Sensitivity (demodulated, de-emphasized) 3.5 µ V for signal-to-noise > 50 dB Stereo Sensitivity (19–kHz pilot frequency added) 31 µ V for signal-to-noise > 50 dB Connector Standard type N-Female, 50 Ω Shipping Weight 1 lb 1.5 Safety Considerations Crown Broadcast assumes the responsibility for providing you with a safe product and safety guidelines during its use. “Safety” means protection to all individuals who install, operate, and service the transmitter as well as protection of the transmitter itself. To promote safety, we use standard hazard alert labeling on the product and in this manual. Follow the associated guidelines to avoid potential hazard. 1.5.1 Dangers DANGER represents the most severe hazard alert. Extreme bodily harm or death will occur if DANGER guidelines are not followed. 1.5.2 Warnings WARNING represents hazards which could result in severe injury or death. 1.5.3 Cautions CAUTION indicates potential personal injury, or equipment or property damage if the associ-ated guidelines are not followed. Particular cautions in this text also indicate unauthorized ra-dio-frequency operation.
1-9 Getting Acquainted
Illustration 1–5 Sample Hazard Alert
Notes
1-10 FM600 User’s Manual
Section 2—Installation
This section provides important guidelines for installing your transmitter. Review this information carefully for proper installation.
2-1 Installation
2.1 Operating Environment You can install the FM transmitter in a standard component rack or on a suitable surface such as a bench or desk. In any case, the area should be as clean and well ventilated as possible. Always allow for at least 2 cm of clearance under the unit for ventilation. If you set the transmitter on a flat surface, install spacers on the bottom cover plate. If you install the transmitter in a rack, provide adequate clearance above and below. Do not locate the transmitter directly above a hot piece of equipment. 2.2 Power Connections The FM600 can operate on any voltage between 120 and 240 volts AC (50 or 60 Hz; single phase). 2.2.1 AC Line Voltage Setting Voltage selection is automatic; configuration is not necessary.
2-2 FM600 User’s Manual
Illustration 2–2 AC Input Power Connection
AC Input Power Connection
2-3 Installation
2.2.2 Fuses The fuse holder is located on the back panel just above the power connection.
For 120 to 200 VAC operation, use the fuse installed at the factory. For 200 to 240 VAC opera-tion, use the slow-blow fuse located in a hardware kit within the transmitter packaging. Consult the following table:
Illustration 2–3 Fuse Holder
AC Input Voltage Fuse Rating
120-200 VAC 12 Ampere
200-240 VAC 6 Ampere
Illustration 2–4 Fuse Reference Table
2-4 FM600 User’s Manual
2.3 Frequency (Channel) Selection Your transmitter is capable of operating between 87.9 and 107.9 MHz in the FM band. The transmitter can also operate between 76 and 90 MHz by shorting pins 9 and 10 of J20 on the motherboard. See Illustration 2-6. To adjust the operating frequency, follow these steps: 1. Locate the frequency selector switches on the front panel which will be used to change the
setting. See Illustrations 2–6 and 2–7. 2. Use small flat blade screwdriver or another suitable device to rotate the switches to the de-
sired setting. (The selected number will appear directly above the white indicator dot on each switch.) See examples of selected frequencies in the illustration below.
3. To change the operating band from 87.9-107.9MHz to 76-90MHz or vice versa, or to adjust
the modulation compensation pot, remove the top cover to gain access to these features. See Illustrations 2-6 and 2-10.
J20
Frequency Selector Switches
Illustration 2–6 Top Cover Removed
2-5 Installation
2.3 Frequency (Channel) Selection, continued
Megahertz .1 .01
Illustration 2–7 Transmitter Front Panel (Frequency Selector Switches)
= 88.10 MHz
= 107.90 MHz
Illustration 2–8 Two Sample Frequency Selections
2-6 FM600 User’s Manual
2.3.1 Modulation Compensator The Modulation trim-potentiometer (see Illustration 2–10) compensates for slight variations in deviation sensitivity with frequency. Set the trim-pot dial according to the following graph:
108 0 106 10 104 15 102 25 100 35 98 40
97.1 45 96 55 94 60 92 70 90 75 88 80 86 80 84 80
82.4 70 82 65 80 55 78 30 76 0
Frequency of Operation (MHz) Modulation Compensation Pot Setting
Illustration 2–9 Modulation Compensator Settings
These compensator settings are approximate. Each mark on the potentiometer represents about 1.8% modulation compensation.
Modulation Compensator Pot
Illustration 2–10 Modulation Compensator Pot
2-7 Installation
2.4 Receiver Frequency Selection If you have a transmitter equipped with the receiver option, you will need to set the receiving or incoming frequency. 1. With the top cover removed, locate the receiver module and the two switches (labeled SW1
and SW2).
Frequency Switches
J1
J2
Receiver Module
Illustration 2–11 Receiver Module Switches
2. Use the adjacent chart to set the switches for the desired incoming frequency. 3. For frequencies in the Japan FM band, short pins 7&8 on J1 on the receiver card. 4. For 75us pre-emphasis short pins 3&4 and 5&6 on J2 of the Receiver card. 5. For 50us pre-emphasis short pins 1&2 and 7&8 on J2 of the Receiver card. 6. After setting the frequency, replace the top cover and screws.
2-8 FM600 User’s Manual
Freq. 74-90 MHz
Freq. 88-108 MHz
SW1 SW2 Freq. 74-90 MHz
Freq. 88-108 MHz
SW1 SW2
74.9 87.9 0 0 78.9 91.9 1 4 75.0 88.0 8 0 79.0 92.0 9 4 75.1 88.1 0 1 79.1 92.1 1 5 75.2 88.2 8 1 79.2 92.2 9 5 75.3 88.3 0 2 79.3 92.3 1 6 75.4 88.4 8 2 79.4 92.4 9 6 75.5 88.5 0 3 79.5 92.5 1 7 75.6 88.6 8 3 79.6 92.6 9 7 75.7 88.7 0 4 79.7 92.7 1 8 75.8 88.8 8 4 79.8 92.8 9 8 75.9 88.9 0 5 79.9 92.9 1 9 76.0 89.0 8 5 80.0 93.0 9 9 76.1 89.1 0 6 80.1 93.1 1 A 76.2 89.2 8 6 80.2 93.2 9 A 76.3 89.3 0 7 80.3 93.3 1 B 76.4 89.4 8 7 80.4 93.4 9 B 76.5 89.5 0 8 80.5 93.5 1 C 76.6 89.6 8 8 80.6 93.6 9 C 76.7 89.7 0 9 80.7 93.7 1 D 76.8 89.8 8 9 80.8 93.8 9 D 76.9 89.9 0 A 80.9 93.9 1 E 77.0 90.0 8 A 81.0 94.0 9 E 77.1 90.1 0 B 81.1 94.1 1 F 77.2 90.2 8 B 81.2 94.2 9 F 77.3 90.3 0 C 81.3 94.3 2 0 77.4 90.4 8 C 81.4 94.4 A 0 77.5 90.5 0 D 81.5 94.5 2 1 77.6 90.6 8 D 81.6 94.6 A 1 77.7 90.7 0 E 81.7 94.7 2 2 77.8 90.8 8 E 81.8 94.8 A 2 77.9 90.9 0 F 81.9 94.9 2 3 78.0 91.0 8 F 82.0 95.0 A 3 78.1 91.1 1 0 82.1 95.1 2 4 78.2 91.2 9 0 82.2 95.2 A 4 78.3 91.3 1 1 82.3 95.3 2 5 78.4 91.4 9 1 82.4 95.4 A 5 78.5 91.5 1 2 82.5 95.5 2 6 78.6 91.6 9 2 82.6 95.6 A 6 78.7 91.7 1 3 82.7 95.7 2 7 78.8 91.8 9 3 82.8 95.8 A 7
Illustration 2–12-1 Receiver Frequency Selection (Continued on next page)
2-9 Installation
Freq. 74-90 MHz
Freq. 88-108 MHz
SW1 SW2 Freq. 74-90 MHz
Freq. 88-108 MHz
SW1 SW2
82.9 95.9 2 8 86.6 99.6 B A 83.0 96.0 A 8 86.7 99.7 3 B 83.1 96.1 2 9 86.8 99.8 B B 83.2 96.2 A 9 86.9 99.9 3 C 83.3 96.3 2 A 87.0 100.0 B C 83.4 96.4 A A 87.1 100.1 3 D 83.5 96.5 2 B 87.2 100.2 B D 83.6 96.6 A B 87.3 100.3 3 E 83.7 96.7 2 C 87.4 100.4 B E 83.8 96.8 A C 87.5 100.5 3 F 83.9 96.9 2 D 87.6 100.6 B F 84.0 97.0 A D 87.7 100.7 4 0 84.1 97.1 2 E 87.8 100.8 C 0 84.2 97.2 A E 87.9 100.9 4 1 84.3 97.3 2 F 88.0 101.0 C 1 84.4 97.4 A F 88.1 101.1 4 2 84.5 97.5 3 0 88.2 101.2 C 2 84.6 97.6 B 0 88.3 101.3 4 3 84.7 97.7 3 1 88.4 101.4 C 3
84.8 97.8 B 1 88.5 101.5 4 4 84.9 97.9 3 2 88.6 101.6 C 4 85.0 98.0 B 2 88.7 101.7 4 5 85.1 98.1 3 3 88.8 101.8 C 5 85.2 98.2 B 3 88.9 101.9 4 6 85.3 98.3 3 4 89.0 102.0 C 6 85.4 98.4 B 4 89.1 102.1 4 7 85.5 98.5 3 5 89.2 102.2 C 7 85.6 98.6 B 5 89.3 102.3 4 8 85.7 98.7 3 6 89.4 102.4 C 8 85.8 98.8 B 6 89.5 102.5 4 9 85.9 98.9 3 7 89.6 102.6 C 9 86.0 99.0 B 7 89.7 102.7 4 A 86.1 99.1 3 8 89.8 102.8 C A 86.2 99.2 B 8 89.9 102.9 4 B 86.3 99.3 3 9 90.0 103.0 C B 86.4 99.4 B 9 X 103.1 4 C 86.5 99.5 3 A X 103.2 C C
Illustration 2–12-2 Receiver Frequency Selection (Continued on next page)
2-10 FM600 User’s Manual
Freq. 74-90 MHz
Freq. 88-108 MHz
SW1 SW2 Freq. 74-90 MHz
Freq. 88-108 MHz
SW1 SW2
X 103.3 4 D X 107.0 D F X 103.4 C D X 107.1 6 0 X 103.5 4 E X 107.2 E 0 X 103.6 C E X 107.3 6 1 X 103.7 4 F X 107.4 E 1 X 103.8 C F X 107.5 6 2 X 103.9 5 0 X 107.6 E 2 X 104.0 D 0 X 107.7 6 3 X 104.1 5 1 X 107.8 E 3 X 104.2 D 1 X 107.9 6 4 X 104.3 5 2 X 108.0 E 4 X 104.4 D 2 X 104.5 5 3 X 104.6 D 3 X 104.7 5 4 X 104.8 D 4 X 104.9 5 5 X 105.0 D 5 X 105.1 5 6 X 105.2 D 6 X 105.3 5 7 X 105.4 D 7 X 105.5 5 8 X 105.6 D 8 X 105.7 5 9 X 105.8 D 9 X 105.9 5 A X 106.0 D A X 106.1 5 B X 106.2 D B X 106.3 5 C X 106.4 D C X 106.5 5 D X 106.6 D D X 106.7 5 E X 106.8 D E X 106.9 5 F
Illustration 2–12-3 Receiver Frequency Selection
2-11 Installation
2.5 RF Connections Connect the RF load, an antenna or the input of an external power amplifier, to the type-N, RF output connector on the rear panel. VSWR should be 1.5:1 or better.
The RF monitor is intended primarily for a modulation monitor connection. Information gained through this connection can supplement that which is available on the transmitter front panel displays. If your transmitter is equipped with the receiver option, connect the incoming RF to the Re-ceiver IN connector.
RF Output Connector
RF Monitor Connector
Receiver In (Receiver Option Only)
Illustration 2–13 RF Connections
2-12 FM600 User’s Manual
2.6 Audio Input Connections Attach audio inputs to the Left and Right XLR connectors on the rear panel. (The Left channel audio is used on Mono.) Pin 1 of the XLR connector goes to chassis ground. Pins 2 and 3 represent a balanced differential input with an impedance of about 50 kΩ . They may be connected to balanced or unbalanced left and right program sources. The audio input cables should be shielded pairs, whether the source is balanced or unbal-anced. For an unbalanced program source, one line (preferably the one connecting to pin 3) should be grounded to the shield at the source. Audio will then connect to the line going to pin 2.
Audio Inputs (XLR)
Illustration 2–14 XLR Audio Input Connectors
By bringing the audio return line back to the program source, the balanced differential input of the transmitter is used to best advantage to minimize noise. This practice is especially helpful if the program lines are fairly long, but is a good practice for any distance. If the program source requires a 600 Ω termination, see the motherboard configuration chart on page 4-9 for the proper configuration of the jumpers.
2-13 Installation
2.7 SCA Input Connections You can connect external SCA generators to the SCA In connectors (BNC-type) on the rear panel. The inputs are intended for the 60 kHz to 99 kHz range, but a lower frequency may be used if the transmitter is operated in Mono mode. (The 23 to 53 kHz band is used for stereo transmission.) For 7.5 kHz deviation (10% modulation), input of approximately 3.5–volts (peak-to-peak) is required.
SCA Inputs
Illustration 2–15 SCA Input Connectors
2.8 Composite Input Connection You may feed composite stereo (or mono audio) directly to the RF exciter bypassing the inter-nal audio processor and stereo generator. To use the Crown transmitter as an RF Exciter only ("E" version or when using the "T" version with composite input), it is necessary to use the Composite Input section of the transmitter. This will feed composite stereo (or mono audio) directly to the RF exciter. In the "T" version, this will bypass the internal audio processor and stereo generator. Input sensitivity is approximately 3.5–volt P-P for 75 kHz deviation. 1. Enable the Composite Input by grounding pin 14 of the Remote I/O connector (see Illustration 2–18). 2. Connect the composite signal using the Composite In BNC connector.
2-14 FM600 User’s Manual
Composite IN BNC Connector Audio Monitor Jacks
Illustration 2–16 Composite In and Audio Monitor Connections
2.9 Audio Monitor Connections Processed, de-emphasized samples of the left and right audio inputs to the stereo generator are available at the Monitor jacks on the rear panel. The signals are suitable for feeding a stu-dio monitor and for doing audio testing. De-emphasis is normally set for 75 µsec; set to 50 µsec by moving jumpers, HD201 and HD202, on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board. 2.10 Pre-emphasis Selection Select the pre-emphasis curve (75 µsec, 50 µsec, 25 µsec, or Flat) by jumpering the appropri-ate pins of header HD1 on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board. If you change the pre-emphasis, change the de-emphasis jumpers HD201 and HD202 on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board to match.
2-15 Installation
2.11 Program Input Fault Time-out You can enable an automatic turn-off of the carrier in the event of program failure. To enable this option, see remote I/O connector pin out chart on page 2-16. The time between program failure and carrier turn-off is set by a jumper (JP1) on the Driver Switch Logic board. (See page 6–3 for board location.) Jumper pins 1 and 2 (the two pins closest to the edge of the board) for a delay of approximately 30 seconds; pins 3 and 4 for a 2 minute delay; pins 5 and 6 for a 4 minute delay, and pins 7 and 8 for an 8 minute delay. Placing a jumper on pins 9 and 10 will disable the time-out timer. 2.12 Remote I/O Connector Remote control and remote metering of the transmitter is made possible through a 25 pin, D-sub connector on the rear panel. (No connections are required for normal operation.)
Remote I/O Connector
Illustration 2–17 Remote I/O Connector
Illustration 2–18 Remote I/O Connector (DB-25 Female)
2-16 FM600 User’s Manual
Pin Number Function 1. Ground 2. FMV Control 3. Composite Out (sample of stereo generator output) 4. FSK In (Normally high; pull low to shift carrier frequency ap-
proximately 7.5 KHz. Connect to open collector or relay contacts of user-supplied FSK keyer.)
5. /Auto Carrier Off (Pull low to enable automatic turnoff of carrier
with program failure.) 6. Meter Battery (Unregulated DC voltage; 5 VDC=50 VDC) 7. Meter RF Watts (1 VDC = 100 Watts) 8. Meter PA Volts (5 VDC = 50VDC) 9. Remote Raise (A momentary switch, holding this pin low will slowly raise the RF output) 10. Remote Lower (A momentary switch, holding this pin low will slowly lower the RF output) 11. Remote SWR (A buffered metering output with a calculated reading of standing wave ratio in
VDC.) 12. External ALC Control 13. No Connection 14. /Ext. Enable (Pull low to disable the internal stereo generator and enable External Composite
Input.) 15. 38 KHz Out (From stereo generator for power supply synchronization. For transmitter equipped with receiver option, this pin becomes the right audio output for an 8- ohm monitor speaker. 38 KHz is disabled.) 16. ALC 17. /Carrier Off ( Pull low to turn carrier off) 18. Fault Summary ( line goes high if any fault light is activated.) 19. Meter PA Temperature (5 VDC=100 degrees C.) 20. Meter PA Current (1VDC=10 DC Amperes.) 21. Front Panel Voltmeter Input. 22. No Connection. 23. RDS RX 24. RDS TX 25. Ground
Section 3—Operation
This section provides general operating parameters of your transmitter and a detailed description of its front panel display.
3-1 Operation
3.1 Initial Power-up Procedures These steps summarize the operating procedures you should use for the initial operation of the transmitter. More detailed information follows.
1. Turn on the main power switch.
Illustration 3–2 Front Panel Power Switch
Main Power Switch
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2. Verify the following:
A. All three power amplifier cooling fans run continuously. B. The Lock Fault indicator flashes for approximately 5 seconds, then goes off.
3. Set the Input Gain switches for mid-scale wideband gain reduction on an average program level (see section 3.4).
4. Set the Processing control (see section 3.5; normal setting is “50”). 5. Set the Stereo-Mono switch to Stereo (see section 3.6). 6. Turn on the Carrier switch. 7. Check the following parameters on the front panel multimeter:
A. RF Output power should be set for 600 watts B. SWR should be less than 1.1. (A reading greater than 1.25 indicates an antenna
mis match. C. ALC should be between 4.00 and 6.00 volts. D. PA DC volts should be 46 to 56 volts. (Varies with antenna match, power and
frequency.) E. PA DC Amperes should be 12-16 amps. (Varies with antenna match, power, and
frequency.) F. PA Temperature should initially read 20–35 degrees C (room temperature). After
one hour the reading should be 40–60 degrees C. G. Driver Supply voltage should be about 24 volts. H. Voltmeter should be reading 0.0.
The remainder of this section describes the functions of the front panel indicators and switches.
3-3 Operation
3.2 Power Switches 3.2.1 Power Switch The main on/off power switch controls both the high voltage and low voltage internal power supplies. 3.2.2 Carrier Switch This switch controls power to the RF amplifiers and supplies a logic high to the Driver Switch Logic board, which enables the power supply for the RF driver. A "Lock Fault" or a low pin 17 (/Carrier Off) on the Remote I/O connector will hold the carrier off. (See section 2.12.)
Illustration 3–3 Front Panel Carrier Switch
Carrier Switch
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3.3 Front Panel Bar-Dot Displays Bar-dot LEDs show audio input levels, wideband and highband audio gain control, and modu-lation percentage. Resolution for the gain control and modulation displays is increased over a conventional bar-graph display using dither enhancement which modulates the brightness of the LED to give the effect of a fade from dot to dot. (See section 4.7.) 3.3.1 Audio Processor Input Two vertical, moving-dot displays for the left and right channels indicate the relative audio lev-els, in 3 dB steps, at the input of the audio processor. Under normal operating conditions, the left and right Audio Processor indicators will be active, indicating the relative audio input level after the Input Gain switches. During program pauses, the red Low LED will light. The translator configuration shows relative audio levels from the included receiver. 3.3.2 Highband and Wideband Display During audio processing, the moving-dot displays indicate the amount of gain control for broad-band (Wide) and pre-emphasized (High) audio. As long as program material causes activity of the Wideband green indicators, determined by the program source level and Input Gain switches, the transmitter will be fully modulated. (See section 3.4.) The Wideband indicator shows short-term “syllabic-rate” expansion and gain reduction around a long-term (several seconds) average gain set. In the translator configuration, the Wideband indicator also shows relative RF signal strength. Program material and the setting of the Processing control determine the magnitude of the short-term expansion and compression (the rapid left and right movement of the green light). High-frequency program content affects the activity of the Highband indicator. With 75–µsec pre-emphasis, Highband processing begins at about 2 kHz and increases as the audio fre-quency increases. Some programs, especially speech, may show no activity while some mu-sic programs may show a great deal of activity. 3.3.3 Modulation Display A 10–segment, vertical peak-and-hold, bar graph displays the peak modulation percentage. A reading of “100” coincides with 75 kHz deviation. The display holds briefly (about 0.1 seconds) after the peak. The “Pilot” indicator illuminates when the transmitter is in the stereo mode. To verify the actual (or more precise) modulation percentage, connect a certified modulation monitor to the RF monitor jack on the rear panel.
3-5 Operation
3.4 Input Gain Switches The “+6 dB” and “+12 dB” slide switches set audio input sensitivity according to the following table.
Illustration 3–4 Input Gain Switches Find, experimentally, the combination of Input Gain switch settings that will bring the Wideband gain-reduction indicator to mid scale for “normal” level program material. The audio processor will accommodate a fairly wide range of input levels with no degradation of audio quality. 3.5 Processing Control Two factors contribute to the setting of the Processing control: program material and personal taste. For most program material, a setting in the range of 40 to 70 provides good program density. For the classical music purist, who might prefer preservation of music dynamics over density, 10 to 40 is a good range. The audio will be heavily processed in the 70 to 100 range. If the program source is already well processed, as might be the case with a satellite feed, set the Processing to “0” or “10”. 3.6 Stereo-Mono Switch The Stereo-Mono slide switch selects the transmission mode. In Mono, feed audio only to the left channel. Although right-channel audio will not be heard as audio modulation, it will affect the audio processing.
+10dBm Down Down
+4dBm Up Down
-2dBm Down Up
-8dBm Up Up
Normal Input Sensitivity
Switches +6dB +12dB
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3.7 RF Output Control Set this control for the desired output power level. Preferably, set the power with an external RF wattmeter connected in the coaxial line to the antenna. You may also use the RF power reading on the digital multimeter. The control sets the RF output voltage. Actual RF output power varies as the approximate square of the relative setting of the control. For example, a setting of “50” is approximately 1/4 full power. 3.8 Digital Multimeter The four-digit numeric display in the center of the front panel provides information on transmit-ter operation. Use the “Up” and “down” push-buttons to select one of the following parameters. A green LED indicates the one selected.
Illustration 3–5 Digital Multimeter
RF Power—Actually reads RF voltage squared, so the accuracy can be affected by VSWR (RF voltage-to-current ratio). See section 5.4 for calibration. Requires calibration with the RF re-flectometer being used. SWR—Direct reading of the antenna standing-wave ratio (the ratio of the desired load imped-ance, 50 ohms, to actual load). ALC—DC gain control bias used to regulate PA supply voltage. With the PA power supply at full output voltage, ALC will read about 6.0 volts. When the RF output is being regulated by the RF power control circuit, this voltage will be reduced, typically reading 4 to 5.5 volts. The ALC voltage will be reduced during PA DC overcurrent, SWR, or LOCK fault conditions.
3-7 Operation
Multimeter Multimeter Functions
Multimeter push buttons
PA DC Volts—Supply voltage of the RF power amplifier. PA DC Amps—Transistor drain current for the RF power amplifier. PA Temperature—Temperature of the RF power amplifier heatsink in degrees C. Driver Supply Volts—Regulated 24 volt DC supply for the RF driver amplifier. Voltmeter—Reads the voltage at a test point located on the front edge of the motherboard. A test lead connected to this point can be used for making voltage measurements in the transmit-ter. The test point is intended as a servicing aid; an alternative to an external test meter. Re-member that the accuracy is only as good as the reference voltage used by the metering cir-cuit. Servicing a fault affected by the reference affects the Voltmeter reading. The metering scale is 0 to 199.9 volts. In the translator configuration, you can read a relative indication of RF signal strength numeri-cally in the Voltmeter setting. 3.9 Fault Indicators Faults are indicated by a blinking red light as follows: SWR—Load VSWR exceeds 1.5:1. ALC voltage is reduced to limit the reflected RF power. Lock—Frequency synthesizer phase-lock loop is unlocked. This indicator normally blinks for about five seconds at power turn-on. Whenever this light is blinking, supply voltages will be inhibited for the RF driver stage as well as for the RF power amplifier. Input—The automatic carrier-off circuit is enabled (see sections 2.11 and 2.12) and the ab-sence of a program input signal has exceeded the preset time. (The circuit treats white or pink noise as an absence of a program.) PA DC—Power supply current for the RF power output amplifier is at the preset limit. ALC voltage has been reduced, reducing the PA supply voltage to hold supply current to the preset limit. PA Temp—PA heatsink temperature has reached 93° C (199° F). At about 97°C (207° F), ALC voltage begins to decrease, reducing the PA supply voltage to prevent a further increase in temperature. By 105° C (221° F) the PA will be at the minimum output level, of approximately 190 Watts.
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Section 4—Principles of Operation
This section discusses the circuit principles upon which the transmitter functions. This information is not needed for day-to-day operation of the transmitter but may be useful for advanced users and service personnel.
4-1 Principles of Operation
4.1 Part Numbering As this section refers to individual components, you should be familiar with the part numbering scheme used. The circuit boards and component placement drawings use designators such as “R1”, “R2”, and “C1.” These same designators are used throughout the transmitter on several different circuit boards and component placement drawings. When referencing a particular component it is necessary to also reference the circuit board that it is associated with.
4-2 FM600 User’s Manual
Resistor R1
Driver Switch Logic Board Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Board
Resistor R1
Illustration 4–1 Resistor R1 On Different Circuit Boards
4.2 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Circuit Board The audio board provides the control functions of audio processing-compression, limiting, and expansion, as well as stereo phase-error detection, pre-emphasis and generation of the com-posite stereo signal. Illustration 6-4 and accompanying schematic may be useful to you during this discussion. The overall schematic for the audio board is divided into two sheets; one each for the processor and stereo generator sections of the board. Reference numbers are for the left channel. Where there is a right-channel counterpart, refer-ence number are in parenthesis.
Illustration 4–2 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Board
4.2.1 Audio Processor Section Audio input from the XLR connector on the rear panel of the transmitter goes to instrument am-plifier, U2 (U8). Two-bit binary data on the +6 dB and +12 dB control lines sets the gain of U2 (U8) to one of four levels in 6-dB steps. Gain of U2 is determined by R5, R6, or R7 (R45, R46, or R47) as selected by analog switch U1. U3 (U9) is a THAT2180 voltage-controlled amplifier with a control-voltage-to-gain constant of 6.1 mV/dB. The 2180 is a current-in/current-out device, so signal voltages at the input and out-put will be zero. R11 converts the audio voltage at the output of U2 (U8) to current at the input of U3 (U9). U3 (U9) output current is converted to audio voltage by U4A (U10A). U4B (U10B) is a unity-gain inverter. When the positive peaks at the output of U4A (U10A) or U4B (U10B) exceeds the gain-reduction threshold, U15 generates a 0.25 Volts-per-dB DC con-trol bias, producing wide-band gain reduction for U3 (U9). The dB-linear allows a front-panel display of gain control on a linear scale with even distribution of dB.
4-3 Principles of Operation
Q1 (Q2) is a recover/expansion gate with a threshold about 18 dB below the normal program level. The amount of short-term expansion and time for gain recovery is controlled by the PROCESSING control, located on the front panel display board. (See section 3.5.) Audio components above 15,200 Hz are greatly attenuated by eighth-order switched-capacitor elliptical filter, U5 (U11). The filter cut-off frequency is determined by a 1.52-MHz clock (100 x 15,200 Hz) signal from the stereo generator section of the board. The broadband signal level at the output of U5 (U11) is about 5 dB below that required for full modulation. (With normal program material, the 5 dB of headroom will be filled with pre-emphasized audio.) Pre-emphasis in microseconds is the product of the capacitance of C7 (C17), multiplied by the current-gain of U6 (U12), times the value of R22 (R62). (For description of the device used for U6 (12), see explanation for U3 (U9) above.) For a 75 micro-seconds pre-emphasis, the gain of U6 (U12) will be about 1.11. Selection of the pre-emphasis curve (75 μS, 50 μS, or Flat) is made by moving the jumper on HD1 to the pins designated on the board. Fine adjustment of the pre-emphasis is made with R23 (R63). (See section 5.1.) For high-band processing, the peak output of U7A (U13A) and U7B (U13B) is detected and gain-reduction bias is generated, as with the broadband processor. The high-band processing, however, shifts the pre-emphasis curve rather than affecting overall gain. Peak audio voltages are compared to plus and minus 5-volt reference voltages at the outputs of U19A and U19B. This same reference voltage is used in the stereo generator section. A stereo phasing error occurs when left and right inputs are of equal amplitude but opposite polarity. The most common cause is incorrect wiring of a left or right balanced audio line somewhere in the program chain-sometimes at the source of a recording. When this happens, all the audio is in the left-minus-right stereo subcarrier-none in the left-plus-right baseband. The error can go unnoticed by one listening on a stereo receiver, but the audio may disappear on a mono receiver. In normal programming there may be short-term polarity reversals of left versus right, either incidental or-for effect-intentional. A phase error of several seconds dura-tion is processed by U14A and U14B and interpreted as a real error. During a phasing error the right-channel level is gradually reduced by 6 dB. For a listener to a stereo radio, the right-channel volume will be lower, while on a mono receiver there will be a reduction of volume. NORMAL/TEST switch. In the TEST position, the stage gains are set to a fixed level. See sec-tion 6.2 4.2.2 Stereo Generator Section Composite stereo signal is generated from left and right-channel audio inputs. This section also has the amplifier (U201) for an optional external composite input and provision for inser-tion of SCA signal(s).
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Processed, pre-emphasized left and right audio is passed through third-order lowpass filters comprised of U202A (203A) and associated circuitry. The filters decrease the level of audio products below 30 Hz. This low-frequency roll off is necessary to prevent disturbance to the phase-lock loop in the RF frequency synthesizer by extremely low-frequency audio compo-nents. (See caution at section 2.8.) U204 is a precision, four-quadrant, analog multiplier. The output of U204 is the product of 38 kHz applied to the Y input and the difference of left and right audio (L-R signal) applied to the X input. The resulting output is a double sideband, suppressed carrier/the L-R subcarrier. Spectral purity of the stereo subcarrier is dependant on a pure 38-kHz sine wave at the multi-plier input. U207A and Y201 comprise a 7.6-MHz crystal oscillator from which the 19 and 38-kHz subcarri-ers are digitally synthesized. U207F is a buffer. The 7.6 MHz is divided by 5 in U208A to pro-vide 1.52 Mhz, used by switched-capacitor filters U5 and U11 in the audio section. 3.8 MHz, 1.9 MHz, and 304 kHz are also derived from dividers in U208. Exclusive-OR gates, U210C and U210D, provide a stepped approximation of a 38-kHz sine wave. With the resistor ratios used, the synthesized sine wave has very little harmonic energy below the 7th harmonic. U210A and B generate the 19-kHz pilot subcarrier. U211 is a dual switched-capacitor filter, configured as second-order, low-pass filters, each one with a Q of 5. The 38 and 19-kHz out-puts of pins 1 and 20, respectively, are fairly pure sine waves. Harmonic distortion products are better than 66 dB down-with a THD of less than 0.05%. SEPARATION control R244 sets the 38-kHz level at the Y input of U204. Resistor matrix R219, R220, R221, and R223 sum the L+R audio with the L-R subcarrier to produce a current at the junction of R221 and R223 that will be converted to composite stereo (less pilot) at the output of summing amplifier U206A. SCA signal is also injected at the input of U206A. 19-kHz pilot is combined with composite stereo in summing amplifier U206B. Analog switch U205, at the input of U206A, provides switching of left and right audio for stereo and mono modes. In the mono mode, right channel audio is disabled, and the left channel au-dio is increased from 45% modulation to 100%. MON L and MON R outputs go to the AF Monitor jacks on the rear panel. R209+R210 (R214+R215) and C207 (C210) is a de-emphasis network. Processed, de-emphasized sam-ples of the left and right audio are used for a studio monitor and for audio testing. Jumpers at HD201 (HD202) allow selection of 50-μsec or 75-μsec de-emphasis. VR212A and B supply +7 volts and -7 volts, respectively. A 5-volt reference from the audio processor section supplies the subcarrier generators. For an explanation of on-board adjustments see section 5.2.
4-5 Principles of Operation
4.3 RF Exciter Circuit This circuit is also known as the Frequency Synthesizer. The Frequency Synthesizer part of the motherboard is no longer a separate module as was the case on older transmitters. The entire component side of the motherboard is a ground plane. Frequency selector switches located on the front panel of the transmitter establish the operating frequency. The VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) circuitry is inside an aluminum case. Illustration 6-6 and accompanying schematics can be used as reference in this discussion. VCO1 operates at the synthesizer output frequency of 87 MHz to 108 MHz. The frequency is controlled by a voltage applied to pin 8 of the VCO. A sample of the RF comes from A2 and is fed to the PLL chip U13. U13 is a phase-locked-loop frequency synthe-sizer IC. The 10.24 MHz from the crystal oscillator is divided to 10 kHz. Internal programma-ble dividers divide the 87 - 108 MHz RF to 10 kHz. Differences between the two signals pro-duce error signals at pins 7 and 8 of U14.
Illustration 4–3 Motherboard (Exciter Circuits)
Frequency selector switches are read by shift registers U17 and U18. Data from the shift reg-isters is read by U16 which then programs the PLL (Phase Lock Loop) IC U13. U14B is a differential amplifier and filter for the error signal. Audio that is out of phase with that appearing on the error voltage is introduced by U14A, allowing for greater loop bandwidth with less degradation of the low frequency audio response. Lock and unlock status signals are available at the outputs of U15E and U15F respectively. Modulation is introduced to the VCO though R72 and R122.
Exciter Circuits
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4.4 Metering Circuit The ALC and metering circuitry is on the motherboard (see Illustration 6–6). This circuit proc-esses information for the RF and DC metering, and produces ALC (RF level-control) bias. It also provides reference and input voltages for the digital panel meter, voltages for remote me-tering, and drive for the front-panel fault indicators. Illustration 6–6 and accompanying schematics complement this discussion. PA voltage and current come from a metering shunt on the Driver Switch Logic board. The PAI input is a current proportional to PA current; R153 converts the current to voltage used for metering and control. A voltage divider from the PAV line is used for DC voltage metering.
Illustration 4–4 Motherboard (Metering Circuits)
U23A, U23B, and U24A, with their respective diodes, are diode linearity correction circuits. Their DC inputs come from diode detectors in the RF reflectometer in the RF low-pass filter compartment. U24B, U24C, are components of a DC squaring circuit. Since the DC output voltage of U24C is proportional to RF voltage squared, it is also proportional to RF power. U22C, U22A, U20A, and U22D are level sensors for RF power, reflected RF power, PA tem-perature, and external PA current, respectively. When either of these parameters exceeds the limits, the output of U22B will be forced low, reducing the ALC (RF level control) voltage, which, in turn, reduces the PA supply voltage. The DC voltage set point for U22A (reflected RF voltage) is one-fifth that of U22C (forward RF voltage). This ratio corresponds to an SWR of 1.5:1 [(1+.2)/(1– .2)=1.5]. The U25 inverters drive the front panel fault indicators.
Metering Circuits
4-7 Principles of Operation
4.5 Motherboard The motherboard is the large board in the upper chassis interconnecting the audio processor/stereo generator board or the optional receiver module to the RF exciter and metering circuits. The motherboard provides the interconnections for this boards, eliminating the need for a wir-ing harness, and provides input/output filtering. The RF exciter and Metering circuits are an integral part of the motherboard and are no longer separate boards as in past transmitter de-signs. Also contained on the motherboard is the +5.00 volt reference and the composite drive Op amp and its associated circuitry. The motherboard has configuration jumpers associated with different options that can be added at the time of order or at a later time as an upgrade. The motherboard configuration chart for these jumpers can be found on the following page.
Illustration 4–5 Motherboard Configuration Jumpers
Configuration Jumpers
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Motherboard Jumper Configuration Chart 4.6.1
4-9 Principles of Operation
Jumper FMA “E” FMA “T” 50k-Ohm Input
FMA “T” 600-Ohm Input
FMA “R”
Z1 Short Short Short Short
Z2 Short Short Short Short
Z3 Open Open Short Open
Z4 Open Open Open Open
Z5 Open Open Short Open
Z6 Open Open Open Open
Z7 Open Open Short Open
Z8 Open Open Short Open
Z9 Short Open Open Open
Z10 Short Open Open Open
Z11 Short Open Open Open
Z12 Short Open Open Open
Z13 Short Open Open Open
Z14 Short Open Open Open
Z15 Open Open Open Open
Z16 Open Open Open Open
Z17 Open Open Open Open
Z18 Open Open Open Open
Z19 Open Open Open Open
Z20 Open Open Open Open
Z21 Open Open Open Open
Z22 Open Open Open Open
Z23 Short Short Short Short
Z24 Short Short Short Short
Z25 Short Short Short Short
Z26 Short Short Short Short
Z27 Short Short Short Short
Z28 Short Short Short Short
Z29 Short Short Short Short
Z30 Short Short Short Short
Z31 Open Open Open Open
Z32 Short Open Open Open
Z33 Short Open Short Open
JMP1 Open Open Open Open
JMP2 Open Open Open Open
4.6 Display Circuit Board The front-panel LEDs, the numeric display, the slide switches, and the processing and RF level controls are mounted on the display circuit board. To access the component side of the board, remove the front panel by removing 12 screws. The board contains circuits for the digital panel meter, modulation peak detector, and LED display drivers, as well as indicators and switches mentioned above. Illustration 6–9 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. Left and right audio from input stages of the audio processor board (just after the Input Gain attenuator) go to the L VU and R VU input on the display board. Peak rectifiers U1A and U1B drive the left and right Audio Input displays. The LED driver gives a 3–dB per step display. The lowest step of the display driver is not used; rather a red LOW indicator lights when audio is below the level of the second step. Transistors Q1 and Q2 divert current from the LOW LEDs when any other LED of the display is lit. Resolution of the linear displays, High Band, Wide Band, and Modulation, has been improved using dither enhancement. With dither, the brightness of the LED is controlled by proximity of the input voltage relative to its voltage threshold. The effect is a smooth transition from step to step as input voltage is changed. U6A, U6B, and associated components comprise the dither generator. Dither output is a triangular wave. Composite stereo (or mono) is full-wave detected by diodes D5 and D6, U7, U13, Q3, and Q4 are components of a peak sample-and-hold circuit. Oscillator, U9F, supplies a low-frequency square wave to the Fault indicators, causing them to flash on and off. Digital multimeter inputs are selected with push buttons located to the right of the multimeter menu. Signals from the push buttons are conditioned by U9A and U9B. U10 is an up/down counter. Binary input to U11 from U10 selects a green menu indicator light, and lights the ap-propriate decimal point on the numeric readout. The binary lines also go to analog data selec-tors on the ALC/ metering board. Processing control, R50, is part of the audio processor. (See section 4.2.) The DPM IN and DPM REF lines are analog and reference voltage inputs to digital multimeter IC U12. They originate from analog data selectors on the ALC/ metering board.
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4.7 Driver Switch Logic Circuit Board The Driver Switch Logic board is mounted on the bottom side of the transmitter chassis with the two power supplies. The Driver Switch Logic board performs the following five different functions, program audio detection, audio fail timer, PA current monitor, PSU2 voltage monitor, and driver switch. The program audio detection circuit and the audio fail timer is made up of U3,U4, and U5. U3A and U3B and associated circuitry discriminate between normal program material and white noise ( such as might be present from a studio transmitter link during program failure) or si-lence. U3A and surrounding components form a band-pass filter with a Q of 3 tuned to about 5kHz. U3B is a first-order low pass filter. Red (DS3) and green (DS4) LEDs on the board indi-cate the presence or absence of program determined by the balance of the detected signals from the two filters. U5 and U4B form a count-down timer. The time between a program fault and shutdown is selected by jumpering pins on header JP1. For times, see section 5.7. The times are proportional to the value of R28 ( that is, times can be doubled by doubling the value of R28). When the timer circuit times out, a red LED (DS2) will illuminate giving a visual indica-tion of the audio fail timers status. The PA current monitor circuit consists of R45(R51) U6(U7), U8 and associated circuitry. Note that components listed in parentheses ( ) are used in the PA current monitor for PA2. Current passing through R45(R51) creates a voltage drop that is measured by the current monitor U6(U7). U6(U7) has a gain of 5. The output voltage from U6(U7) is delivered to op-amp U8A (U8B) which has a gain of 4. The outputs of U8A and U8B are summed together through R47 and R53. The summed output equals the total currents drawn by both RF power amplifiers PA1 and PA2. This total current draw is displayed on the front panel as PA DC Amps. The PSU2 voltage monitor is used to monitor the status of the high voltage power supply and determines if it is stable and operational. The PSU2 voltage monitor circuit is made up of R29, R30, U9A ,U11 and associated circuitry. R29 and R30 create a voltage divider circuit that scales down the voltage from the high voltage power supply. The scaled down power supply voltage is fed to comparator U9A. When the high voltage power supply has an output voltage above 21 volts, the output of comparator U9A goes high. The output of U9A is fed to inverter U11B which inverters the signal creating a logic low output. This output is fed to NOR gate U2C in the driver switch circuit. The logic high signal from U9A is also fed to U11A which en-ables the green LED (DS8) indicating that the voltage from the high voltage power supply is OK. The driver switch circuit is the last circuit on the driver switch logic board that determines if the driver amplifier should be enabled based on the status of the above mentioned circuits. The driver switch circuit consists of U2C, Q1, Q2 and associated circuitry. Logic gate U2C is a NOR gate. The inputs to U2C are the outputs of the PSU2 voltage monitor and the audio fail timer circuits. If the outputs from the PSU2 voltage monitor circuit and the audio fail timer cir-cuit are at a logic low, the resulting output of U2C will be a logic high, enabling transistor Q1 and turning on green LED (DS1) indicating that the driver amplifier should be enabled. When Q1 is turned on, this will place about –8.8 volts (w/respect to the source of Q2) on the gate of the P-channel MOSFET Q2. This will cause MOSFET Q2 to conduct, delivering +24 volts to the driver amplifier, thus enabling the RF output.
4-11 Principles of Operation
4.7 Driver Switch Logic Circuit Board, continued Also present on the Driver Switch Logic board are power supply diagnostic LEDs and various circuit test points. Several green LEDs give a visual indication that the power supplies are functioning. The LEDs do not indicate that the voltage is correct for its given power supply, they are just merely an indication that voltage is present. LED DS7 is the indicator for the +5 volt power supply, DS5 is the indicator for the +12 volt power supply and DS6 is for the –12 volt power supply. Test points that are present on the board can be used to measure various power supply and circuit voltages . See illustration 4-6 for test point descriptions and typical voltages.
The voltages listed in the chart are approximate values. The colors in the left hand column in-dicate the color of the test point on the circuit board. The audio filter output test point voltage should be 0 volts during an audio fault such as during silence or a loss of program audio. This voltage will be constantly changing while program au-dio is present. This circuit is only active if the /Auto Carrier line has been pulled low by grounding pin 5 on the Remote I/O connector on the back of the transmitter. See illustration 4-7 for diagnostic LED and test point positions on the Driver Switch Logic board.
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Illustration 4–6 Driver Switch Logic Board Test Points
Test Point Description Voltage
TP1 -12V DC supply -11.76v to -12.24v
TP2 +12V DC supply 11.76v to 12.24v
TP3 +24V Driver supply (switched) 23.52v to 24.48v
TP4 +24V DC supply 23.52v to 24.48v
TP5 Ground 0v
TP6 +5V DC supply 4.9v to 5.1v
TP7 PA1 Drain current/10 .100v = 10 amps
TP8 PA2 Drain current/10 .100v = 10 amps
TP9 ALC Control voltage 0v to 6v
TP10 Ground 0v
TP11 Audio filter output **See text below
Illustration 4–7 Driver Switch Logic Board
4.8 RF Driver The RF Driver module is mounted next to the heat sinks on the bottom of the RF Amplifier/Combiner sub chassis. The driver amplifies the approximate 20 milliwatts from the frequency synthesizer to about 20 watts to drive the RF power amplifiers. A CA2832 hybrid, high-gain, wideband amplifier, operating at about 20 volts, provides about one watt of drive to a single BLF245 MOSFET amplifier. The BLF245 stage operates from a supply voltage of approxi-mately 24 volts. The circuit board provides for input/output coupling and for power supply filtering.
DS1
DS2
DS3
DS4
DS5
DS6
DS7
DS8
TP9
TP6
TP1
TP2
TP3
TP4
TP5
TP7
TP8
TP10 TP11
JP1
4-13 Principles of Operation
4.9 RF Amplifier The RF power amplifier modules are mounted on a combiner board, heat sink, slide rail as-sembly which slides into the main chassis at the rear, and is fastened to the back panel with six screws. RF power, DC power, and control voltages enter the PA assembly through a 72-pin edge connector that slides into at the front of the chassis. The amplifier is built around two SD2942, dual power MOSFET’s rated for 50 volts DC and a maximum power of about 350 watts. When biased for class B, the transistor has a power gain of 20dB. The RF power amplifier is biased below class B in the transmitter. Input transformer, T1111, is made up of two printed circuit boards. The four-turn primary board is separated from the one-turn secondary by a thin dielectric film. R1112-R1117 are for damp-ing. Trim pot R1111 sets the bias. Output transformer, T1121, has a one-turn primary on top of the circuit board and a two-turn secondary underneath. Inductors L1121 and L1122 provide power line filtering. The amplifiers are surrounded by a 50 Ohm impedance, input/output combiner board which takes 15 watts input and divides it equally to each power amp. Then the output from each am-plifier is combined to for a single output.
RF Driver Amplifier
RF Power Amplifiers
Illustration 4–7 RF Power Amplifier Module
4-14 FM600 User’s Manual
4.10 Chassis The high voltage and low voltage power supplies, as well as the driver switch logic board are mounted on the bottom side of the chassis.
4.11 RF Output Filter & Reflectometer The RF low-pass filter/reflectometer is located in the right-hand compartment on the top of the chassis. See Illustration 6–13 and accompanying schematic for more information. A ninth-order, elliptic, low-pass filter attenuates harmonics generated in the power amplifier. The capacitors for the filter are circuit board pads. The reflectometer uses printed circuit board traces for micro-strip transmission lines. Trans-mission line segments (with an impedance of about 82 ohms) on either side of a 50–ohm con-ductor provide sample voltages representative of the square root of forward and reverse power. DC voltages, representative of forward and reflected power, go through a bulkhead filter board to the motherboard, then to the metering board, where they are processed for power control and metering and for SWR metering and protection.
Driver Switch Logic Board
High Voltage Supply
Low Voltage Supply
Illustration 4–8 Chassis Bottom View
Principles of Operation 4-15
4.12 Receiver Circuit Board Option This option allows the transmitter to be used as a translator. The receiver board receives ter-restrially fed RF signal and converts it to composite audio which is then fed into the exciter board. Microprocessor controlled phase lock loop technology ensures the received frequency will not drift, and multiple IF stages ensure high adjacent channel rejection. Refer to Illustra-tions 4–6, 6–16 and its schematic for the following discussion. The square shaped metal can located on the left side of the receiver board is the tuner module. The incoming RF signal enters through the BNC connector (top left corner) and is tuned through the tuner module. Input attenuation is possible with the jumper labeled “LO” “DX”, on the top left corner of the receiver board. Very strong signals can be attenuated 20 dB auto-matically by placing the jumper on the left two pins (“LO” position). An additional 20 dB at-tenuation is also available with the jumpers in the top left corner of the board. The frequencies are tuned by setting switches SW1 and SW2 (upper right corner). These two switches are read upon power up (or by momentarily shorting J7) by the microprocessor (U4). The micro-processor then tunes the tuner module to the selected frequency. The frequency range is 87.9 Mhz at setting “00” to 107.9 Mhz at setting “64”. Other custom ranges are available. Located in the lower left-hand corner of the Receiver Module is a 3.5mm headphone jack. De-modulated Left and Right audio is present at this jack. A regular pair of 32 ohm stereo head-phones, such as the types used with portable audio devices, can be used to monitor the audio on the receiver module.
Illustration 4–9 Receiver Module
Receiver Module
4-16 FM600 User’s Manual
4.12 Receiver Circuit Board Option (Continued) When a stereo signal is present, LED 3 illuminates which indicates that left and right audio is available. Then the stereo signals go to gain stages and out to the RCA jacks on the back of the cabinet. These can be used for off-air monitoring of the audio signal. Incoming frequency can be monitored from the frequency monitor BNC jack on the back. The stereo buffer, stereo decoder, and gain stages and have no effect on the signal that goes through the transmitter. The power supply is fairly straight forward. The incoming 12 volt supply goes to a 7809, 9 volt regulator (VR1) which supplies all 9–volt needs on the board. The 9 volts also supplies a 7805, 5 volt regulator (VR2) which supplies all 5–volt needs on the board. Plus and minus 12 volts from the motherboard is filtered and supplies various needs on the board. Finally there is a precision reference voltage. Two 2.5 volt reference shunts act very much like a very accu-rate zener diode to provide a precision 5 volt supply to the metering board.
Illustration 4–10 Receiver Module
4-17 Principles of Operation
Notes
4-18 FM600 User’s Manual
Section 5—Adjustments and Tests
This section describes procedures for (1) advanced users who may be in-terested in customizing or optimizing the performance of the transmitter and (2) service personnel who want to return the transmitter to operational status following a maintenance procedure.
5-1 Adjustments and Tests
5.1 Audio Processor Adjustments 5.1.1 Pre-Emphasis Selection Select the pre-emphasis curve (75 µsec, 50 µsec, 25 µsec, or Flat) by jumpering the appropri-ate pins of header HD1 on the audio processor/stereo generator board. (See section 2.10.) If you change the pre-emphasis, change the de-emphasis jumpers, HD201 and HD202 on the audio processor/stereo generator board, to match. (See section 2.10.) 5.1.2 Pre-Emphasis Fine Adjustment Trim potentiometers, R23 and R63, (for left and right channels, respectively) provide for fine adjustment of the pre-emphasis. Set the potentiometers to bring the de-emphasized gain at 10 kHz equal to that of 400 Hz. (At the proper setting, 15.0 kHz will be down about 0.7 dB.) When making these adjustments, it is important that you keep signal levels below the proces-sor gain-control threshold. A preferred method is to use a precision de-emphasis network in front of the audio input. Then, use the non-de-emphasized (flat) output from the FM modulation monitor for measure-ments. 5.2 Stereo Generator Adjustments 5.2.1 Separation Feed a 400–Hz sine wave into one channel for at least 70% modulation. Observe the classic single-channel composite stereo waveform at TP1 in the RF Exciter circuit of the Motherboard. Adjust the Separation control R244 for a straight centerline. Since proper adjustment of this control coincides with best stereo separation, use an FM moni-tor to make or confirm the adjustment.
5-2 FM600 User’s Manual
5.2.2 Composite Output You can make adjustments to the composite output in the following manner: Using a Modulation Monitor 1. Set the Stereo-Mono switch to Mono. 2. Check that the setting of the Modulation compensation control (see Illustration 2–9) on the
RF Exciter circuit, falls within the range specified for the frequency of operation. (See sec-tion 2.3.1.)
3. Feed a sine wave signal of about 2.5 kHz into the left channel at a level sufficient to put the
wideband gain-reduction indicator somewhere in the middle of its range. 4. Set the Composite level control to produce 90% modulation as indicated on an FM monitor. 5. Apply pink noise or program material to the audio inputs and confirm, on both Mono and
Stereo, that modulation peaks are between 95% and 100%. 5.2.3 19–kHz Level Adjust the 19–kHz pilot for 9% modulation as indicated on an FM modulation monitor. (The composite output should be set first, since it follows the 19–kHz Level control.) 5.2.4 19–kHz Phase 1. Apply a 400–Hz audio signal to the left channel for at least 70% modulation. 2. Look at the composite stereo signal at TP301 on the RF Exciter circuit board with an oscil-
loscope, expanding the display to view the 19–kHz component on the horizontal centerline. 3. Switch the audio to the right-channel input. When the 19–kHz Phase is properly adjusted,
the amplitude of the 19–kHz will remain constant when switching between left and right. 4. Recheck the separation adjustment as described in section 5.2.1. 5.3 Frequency Synthesizer Adjustments 5.3.1 Frequency (Channel) Selection Refer to section 2.3.
5-3 Adjustments and Tests
5.3.2 Modulation Compensator Refer to section 2.3.1 5.3.3 Frequency Measurement and Adjustment Next to the 10.24–MHz VCXO in the RF Exciter circuit on the motherboard is a 50K potenti-ometer (R101). Use R101 to set the frequency of the 10.24–MHz VCXO while observing the output frequency of the synthesizer. Use one of two methods for checking frequency: 1. Use an FM frequency monitor. 2. Couple a frequency counter of known accuracy to the output of the synthesizer and ob-
serve the operating frequency. 5.3.4 FSK Frequency Offset Control An FSK signal (used for automatic identification of FM repeaters) shifts the frequencies of the 10.24–MHz VCXO reference oscillator and the VCO. Ground pin 4 on the DB25 connector located on the back panel of the transmitter. This will shift the operating frequency. Adjust R224 for an offset of the operating frequency of about 6 kHz. Un-grounding pin 4 will cause the operating frequency to return to normal. Use one of two methods for checking frequency: 1. Use an FM frequency monitor. 2. Couple a frequency counter of known accuracy to the output of the synthesizer and ob-
serve the operating frequency. 5.4 Metering Adjustments 5.4.1 Power Calibrate While looking at RF Power on the digital panel meter, set the Power Calibrate trim potentiome-ter (R215) to agree with an external RF power meter. 5.4.2 Power Set With the front panel RF Output control fully clockwise, adjust the Power Set trim pot to 10% more than the rated power (660 watt for FM600) as indicated on an accurate external watt me-ter. If the authorized power is less than the maximum watts, you may use the power set to limit the range of RF output control. Operation below 200 watts is not possible due to the switching power supply not being able to reach zero volts.
5-4 FM600 User’s Manual
5.4.3 SWR Calibrate When the Carrier switch is off, or the RF power is less than about 5 watts, the SWR circuit automatically switches to a calibrate-check mode. (See section 4.5 for more information.) Set the digital panel meter to read SWR. With the Carrier switch off, set the SWR CAL trim pot (R66) to read 1.03. 5.4.4 PA Current Limit Since it may not be practical to increase the PA current to set the PA Current Limit control, you may use this indirect method. With the carrier turned off, look at the DC voltage at the right end of R413 in the Metering cir-cuit on the motherboard. The current limit, in amperes, will be 0.35 amps higher than ten times this voltage. Set the current limit for 17.55 amps or 1.72 volts at R413. 5.5 Motherboard Configuration See section 4.6.1 for motherboard jumper configuration. 5.6 Display Modulation Calibration The Modulation Calibrate trim pot sets the sensitivity of the front panel Modulation bar graph display. This adjustment may be made only after the Output trim pot on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board has been set. (See section 5.2.2.) Set the Stereo-Mono switch to Mono. Feed a sine wave source of about 2.5 kHz into the left channel at a level sufficient to put the wideband gain-reduction indicator somewhere in the middle of its range. Set the Modulation Calibrate trim pot so that the “90” light on the front panel Modulation display just begins to light.
5-5 Adjustments and Tests
5.7 Driver Switch Logic Board Adjustments JP1, a 10–pin header on the Driver Switch Logic board, sets the time between program failure and carrier disable (automatic turnoff). The times are approximate. Sections 2.11, 2.12, and 4.7 contain further information. 1. Short pins 1 and 2 for a 30 second delay. 2. Short pins 3 and 4 for a 2 minute delay. 3. Short pins 5 and 6 for a 4 minute delay. 4. Short pins 7 and 8 for an 8 minute delay. 5. Short pins 9 and 10 to disable the circuit. You may select other times by changing the value of R28. The time is proportional to the re-sistance. 5.8 Bias Set (RF Power Amplifier) The Bias Set trim pot is located inside the PA module on the input circuit board. Set the trim pot to its full clock-wise position for near-optimum bias.
5-6 FM600 User’s Manual
5.9 Performance Verification Measure the following parameters to receive a comprehensive characterization of trans-mitter performance: • Carrier frequency • RF output power • RF bandwidth and RF harmonics (see section 5.12) • Pilot frequency, phase, and modulation percentage • Audio frequency response • Audio distortion • Modulation percentage • FM and AM noise • Stereo separation between left and right • Crosstalk between main channel and subcarrier • 38–kHz subcarrier suppression • In addition to the above tests, which pertain to signal quality, a complete check of the
unit will include items listed in section 5.21. 5.9.1 Audio Proof-of-Performance Measurements References to “100%” modulation assume 9% pilot and 91% for the remainder of the com-posite stereo signal. Because the audio processing threshold is at 90% modulation, it is not possible to make audio proof-of-performance measurements at 100% modulation through the audio proces-sor. Instead, data is taken at a level below the audio processing threshold at 80% modula-tion. 5.9.2 De-emphasis Input Network A precision de-emphasis network, connected between the test oscillator and the audio in-put of the transmitter, can be very helpful when making the audio measurements. Note that the input impedance of the transmitter or the source impedance of the test oscillator can affect network accuracy. With the de-emphasis network, oscillator level adjustments need only accommodate gain errors, instead of the whole pre-emphasis curve.
5-7 Adjustments and Tests
5.10 Carrier Frequency Carrier frequency is measured at the output frequency with a frequency monitor or suitable frequency counter. To adjust frequency, see section 5.3.3. (FCC tolerance +/– 2000 Hz per FCC Part 73.1540 and 73.1545.) 5.11 Output Power The output power reading on the front panel display should be 90–105% of the actual value. For a more precise measurement, use a watt meter in the RF output line. See sections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 for setting power. 5.12 RF Bandwidth and RF Harmonics You can observe RF bandwidth and spurious emissions with an RF spectrum analyzer. In the Stereo mode, feed a 15.0–kHz audio signal into one channel to provide 85% modula-tion as indicated on a monitor. Doing so produces 38% main, 38% stereo subcarrier, and 9% pilot per FCC Part 2.1049. As an alternative, use pink noise into one channel. Using a spectrum analyzer, verify the following (per FCC 73.317): 1. Emissions more than 600 kHz from the carrier are at least 43 + 10log (power, in watts)
dB down (71 dB for 600 watts). The scan should include the tenth harmonic. 2. Emissions between 240 kHz and 600 kHz from the carrier are down at least 35 dB. 3. Emissions between 120 kHz and 240 kHz from the carrier are down at least 25 dB. 5.13 Pilot Frequency The pilot frequency should be within 2 Hz of 19 kHz. (FCC Part 73.322.) Using a frequency counter, measure 1.9 MHz at pin 13 of U208 on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board. A 200–Hz error here corresponds to a 2–Hz error at 19 kHz. If the frequency is off by more than 50 Hz, you may change the value of C213. (Changing C213 from 56 pF to 68 pF lowers the 1.9 MHz by about 35 Hz.) 5.14 Audio Frequency Response For the response tests, take the readings from an FM modulation monitor. Make audio frequency response measurements for left and right channels at frequencies of 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz. See sections 5.9.1 and 5.9.2.
5-8 FM600 User’s Manual
5.15 Audio Distortion Make distortion measurements from the de-emphasized output of an FM modulation moni-tor. Make audio distortion measurements for left and right channels at frequencies of 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz. See sections 5.9.1 and 5.9.2. 5.16 Modulation Percentage While feeding an audio signal into the left channel only, confirm that the total modulation percentage remains constant when switching between Mono and Stereo. Measure modulation percentage with an FM modulation monitor. See section 5.2.2. 19–kHz pilot modulation should be 9%. 5.17 FM and AM Noise Take noise readings from a de-emphasized output of a modulation monitor. 5.18 Stereo Separation Make left-into-right and right-into-left stereo separation measurements with an FM modula-tion monitor for frequencies of 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz. 5.19 Crosstalk For stereo crosstalk measurements, both left and right channels are fed at the same time. For best results, there needs to be a means of correcting small imbalances in levels and phase. The balance is made at 400 Hz. 5.19.1 Main Channel Into Sub Feed the left and right channels in phase with audio (L+R) at 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz at 100% modulation, while observing the stereo subcarrier (L-R) level on an FM modulation monitor. 5.19.2 Sub Channel Into Main Feed the audio into the left and right channel as above, with the exception of reversing the polarity of the audio of one channel (L-R input). Using the frequencies of 5.19.1 above, ob-serve the main channel (L+R) level with a modulation monitor.
5-9 Adjustments and Tests
5.20 38–kHz Subcarrier Suppression With no modulation, but in the Stereo mode, the 38–kHz subcarrier, as indicated on an FM modulation monitor, should be down at least 40 dB. 5.21 Additional Checks In addition to the tests and adjustments mentioned in this section, the following checks en-sure a complete performance appraisal of the transmitter: 1. Perform a physical inspection, looking for visible damage and checking that the chassis
hardware and circuit boards are secure. 2. Check the functionality of switches and processing control. 3. Verify that all indicators function. 4. Check the frequency synthesizer lock at 80 MHz and 110 MHz. 5. Measure the AC line current with and without the carrier on. 6. Perform a functional test of the SCA input, Monitor outputs, and the monitor and control
function at the 15–pin, D-sub connector. 7. Test the functionality of the FSK circuit. 8. Check the operation and timing of the automatic carrier-off circuitry associated with pro-
gram failure. 9. Check all metering functions. 10. Test ALC action with PA current overload, SWR, and PLL lock. NOTE: FCC type acceptance procedures call for testing the carrier frequency over the temperature range of 0–50 degrees centigrade, and at line voltages from 85% to 115% of rating. (See FCC Part 2.1055.)
5-10 FM600 Manual
Section 6—Reference Drawings
The illustrations in this section may be useful for making adjustments, taking measurements, troubleshooting, or understanding the circuitry of your transmitter.
6-1 Reference Drawings
6.1 Views
Illustration 6-1 Front View
Illustration 6-2 Rear View
AC Power Input
Receiver Input (Optional)
RF Output Monitor
SCA Inputs
Composite Input Remote I/O
Audio Monitors Audio Inputs
Input Level Indicators
Input Gain Switches
Processing Control
Frequency Selector Switches
Stereo/Mono Switch
RF Output Control
Power Switch
Gain Reduction/Expansion
Indicators Digital Multimeter
Multimeter Select
Fault Indicators
Modulation Indicators
Carrier Switch
6-2 FM600 User’s Manual
RF Output
Fuse Holder
Ground Stud
Illustration 6-3 Chassis Top View
Driver Switch Logic Board
6-3 Adjustments and Tests
Illustration 6-4 Chassis Bottom View
RF Output
Low Voltage Power Supply
RF Exciter Circuit
Stereo Generator Section
Audio Processor Section
Metering Circuit
RF Low Pass Filter & Reflectometer
High Voltage Power Supply
6-4
Notes:
FM600 User’s Manual
Illustration 6-5 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Board
6.2 Board Layout and Schematics
6-5 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
Schematic Diagram: Audio Processor/ Stereo Generator (Sheet 1 of 2)
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+/- 5V FOR LOGIC (+5V TAKEN FROM +5.00V BUS
+5.00V REFERENCE VOLTAGE. ALSO USED BY D
+/- 4.4 FOR PEAK LEVEL THRESHOLD REFERENC
1 23 45 67 89 1011 1213 1415 1617 1819 20
J1
RECEPT 10X2
L IN1L IN2R IN1R IN2
15.2 KHz LOW-PASS FILTER(8th ORDER ELLIPTICAL)
(INTO 600 ohms)
dbm V-rms V-peak-10 .245 .346 0 .774 1.1+10 2.45 3.46
TURKEY SPECIFICATIONS:
Baseband: 30Hz - 53KHz +/- 0.2dB. 53KHz - 76KHz +/- 0.4dB.
40Hz - 15KHz +/- 0.5dB40H 7 5KH 0 5% THD
GAIN R9-14 --------------------------- 0dB OPEN +6dB 50.5K +12dB 16.8K +18dB 7.21K
L VU
L IN2
L IN1
R3847K
R3947K
+5V
/+12DB/+6DB
R IN2
R IN1
R VU
L SAMPLE
R SAMPLE
R SAMPLE
L SAMPLE
LEFTLEFT
RIGHTRIGHT
CLOCK1.52MHz
+12V
-12V
+7V
-7V
+5V+5.00V
-5V-5V
+12V
-12V
+7V
-7V
+5V
-5V
VDD
VEE
+VT
-VT
+VT
-VT
GNDGND
C401uF
C421uF
C441uF
C411uF
C431uF
C451uF
-12V
+12V +12V
-12V
201409F-SCH1 2
C
AUDIO PROCESSOR/STEREO GENERATOR
DW 03-15-07
DW 03-15-07
DP 03-15-07
Copyright (c) 2007 HCJB Global
6-6 FM600 User’s Manual
Schematic Diagram: Audio Processor/ Stereo Generator (Sheet 2 of 2)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
121110987654321
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
DWG. NO. REV.
65
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:UNCONTROLLED
UNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
SIZE
B
RG112
3
75
RG286
4
U201
AD622
R2031K
R20449.9K
C202100pF
+12V
-12V
R2011K
R20249.9K
C201100pF
R2063.9K
EXT IN-
EXT IN+
R20
5
OPE
N
32
1
84
U202A
TL072
R207150K
C206
.047uF
-12V
+12VR208300K
POLY
C205
.047uF
LEFTR2094.99K
1 2 3HD201SIP3
R2102.49K
C207.01uFPOLY
56
7U202B
TL072
R211
100MON L
32
1
84
U203A
TL072
R212150K
C209
.047uF
-12V
+12VR213300K
POLY
C208
.047uF
RIGHTR2144.99K
1 2 3HD202SIP3
R2152.49K
C210.01uFPOLY
56
7U203B
TL072
R216
100MON R
POLY
POLY
50 75
50 75
X11
X22
U03
U14
U25
Y16
Y27 V- 8REF 9
Z2 10Z1 11
OUT 12DD 13V+ 14
U204
AD734
R220
10.0K
R219
10.0K
R218
9.09K
+12V C21156pF
C212
120pF
1%
R221
4.99K
R223
9.09K
X11X22
Y13
V+
8V
-5
OUT 7
Z 6Y24
U204A
AD633JN
-12V
+12V
R25449.9K
AD633 ALTERNATE TO AD 734
R254 used ONLY with AD633AD734 has internal 50K
LPA
1B
PA2
HPA
3IN
V A
4S1
A5
SA/B
6V
A+
7V
D+
8L
SH9
CL
K A
10C
LK
B11
50/1
0012
VD
-13
VA
-14
AG
ND
15
S1 B
16
INV
B17
HPB
18
BPB
19
LPB
20
U211LMF100
C218
0.1uF
R252
1KC2191000pFPOLY
R253
1KC2191000pFPOLY
C221
0.1uF
R255
1KC2221000pFPOLY
R256
1KC2231000pFPOLY
+7V
-7V
R24
749
.9K
R24
610
.0K
R25
149
.9K
R25
010
.0K
R245
13KR2445K
C216
0.1uF
1213
11U210D
74HC86
910
8U210C
74HC86
R240
24K
R241
10K
45
6U210B
74HC86
12
3U210A
74HC86
R242
120K
R243
49.9K
C216
0.1uF
CLR12CKA13 QA 11
QB 10QC 9QD 8
U209B74HC393
9 8
U207D
MC74HC04
11 10U207E
MC74HC04CLR2CKA1 QA 3
QB 4QC 5QD 6
U209A
74HC393
R266
OPEN
R267
1KSYNC OUT
38KHz
19KHz
2CLR14
2CKA152QA 13
2CKB12 2QB 112QC 102QD 9
U208B
74HC390
304KHz
1CLR2
1CKA11QA 3
1CKB4 1QB 51QC 61QD 7
U208A
74HC390
3.8MHz
1.52MHz
1.9MHz
5 6U207C
MC74HC04
/EXT ENABLE
R23810K
+5V
3 4U207B
MC74HC04
13 12U207F
MC74HC04
1 2U207A
MC74HC04
R2371M
C21533pFNPO
C2145.5-18pF
Y201
7.6 MHzC21356pFNPO
R236
1K
0X121X142X153X11
0Y11Y52Y23Y4
A10B9
INH6
X 13
Y 3
U205
74HC4052
R222
200K
D206
1N4148
D204
1N4148
D202
1N4148
D205
1N4148
D203
1N4148
D201
1N4148
MONO/STEREO
R23910K
32
1
84
U206A
MC34083
-12V
+12V
R225
12.4K
R2241K
C204
OPENR230
0
C203100pF
R217
0SCA IN
EXTERNAL COMPOSITEINPUT
Composite Spec. (Turkey):30Hz - 53KHz +/- 0.2 dBr53KHz - 76KHz +/- 0.4dBr
R2341K
D208
1N4148
D207
1N4148+5V-5V
R2271K
R2283K
COMPOSITE OUTPUT
R226
43K
56
7U206B
MC34083
R231
20K
C224
22pF
R232
100
R233
100
COMP OUT
COMP METER
R229
24K
R2581K
R257
43K
R2593K
19KHz Level
56
7U212B
TL072
C224.001
+5V
R26324.9K
Q202MPS-A06
+12V
R264
10K+7V
R265
10
32
1
84
U212A
TL072
R260
10.0K
-12V
+12V
C226.001
Q201MPS-A56
-12V
R262
10
R261
10K-7V
12345678910
J203
RECEPT 5X2
-12V+12V
DZ2ICTE-15
DZ1ICTE-15
-12V+12V
123456789
101112
J201
12 HEADER
EXT IN+EXT IN-SCA INCOMP OUTCOMP METERMONO/STEREO/EXT ENABLEGND
123456789
101112
J202
12 HEADER
MON LMON R
GND
+5.00VSYNC OUT
C2271uF
C2281uF
-7V +7V
LEFT 8VPP (AT 2000Hz)
RIGHT 8VPP (AT 2000Hz)
201409F-SCH2
C
AUDIO PROCESSOR/STEREO GENERATOR
2
LEFT LEFT
RIGHT RIGHT
CLOCK 1.52MHz
+12V-12V+7V-7V
+5V +5.00V
-5V -5V
+12V-12V+7V-7V
+5V
-5V
VDD
VEE
+VT-VT
+VT-VT
GND GND
SEPARATION
Copyright 2006 Michael P. Axman
Copyright (c) 2007 HCJB Global
6-7 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
Illustration 6-6 Motherboard
FM600 User’s Manual 6-8
Schematic Diagram: Motherboard (Sheet 1 of 3) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
121110987654321
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
DWG. NO. REV.
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
65
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:UNCONTROLLED
UNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALS
DWNCHK
CMPE
DISTRIBUTIONK
SIZE
D
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM
IREC
A 03-08-07 DW DW
C16.01
C17.01
C18.01
C19.01
C20.01
C21.01
C22.01
C23.01
R28
220
C68OPEN
C67OPEN
C66OPEN
R11 390R12 390
R10 1KR9 220
R13 100
R14 220
C5.01
C6.001
C7.001
C8.001
C9.01
C10.01
C58.01
C59.01
C60.01
C62.01
C64.01
C65.01
123
J13
HEADER 3X1
1 2 3J2OPEN
C3220pF
C4220pF
C13220pF
C14220pF
C15220pF
C12220pF
C11220pFR6
1K
R8
1K
R171K
R181K
R201K
R161K
R151K
R19
240
1 2 3 4 5HD6OPEN
23
1
REF. FORXLR CON.
HILOGND
SCA
EXT_
RTN
EXT_
INM
ON
_LM
ON
_R
-12V
+12V J18MCX
J19MCX
RF OUT
+5.00V
D11N4148
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
J26 HEADER 5 x 2
V+TEMP
GND
R177 1K
R176 1K
R150 1K123456789
10
J25
HEADER 5 x 2
123456789101112
J6
HEADER 12
123456789101112
J7
HEADER 12
+5.00V
R IN2
R IN1
L IN2
L IN1
LPIN L
LPOUT L
LPIN R
LPOUT R
+12V
-12V
L VU
+5.00V
PROC A
PROC B
PROC C
R VU
BR GR
HI GR
123456789
1011121314151617181920
J15
+12V
+12V
-12V
C159.001
C158.001
C157.001
C140.01
R216
1KFM TP1
VOLTMETER
123456
J14
HEADER 6X1 .156
+12V
C55.01
C56.01
C57.01
Q3IRF541
R7
300
R5
300Z8
OPEN
Z7
OPEN
123J1XLR
C2220pF
C1220pF
R41K
R2
1K
R1300
R3300
Z3
OPEN
Z5
OPEN
Z4 OPEN
Z6 OPEN
Z1JUMPER
Z2JUMPER
J1
123456789101112
STEREO GENERATOR
J2
123456789101112 1
23456789
10
J8
HEADER 5 x 2
J3
12345678910
+12V
-12V
SCA
IN
EXT
RTN
EXT
IN
/EXT ENABLE
CO
MPO
SITE
1
MON RMON L
LPIN LLPOUT LLPIN RLPOUT R
1234567891011121314151617181920
J11
HEADER 10 x 2
J1
1234567891011121314151617181920
AUDIO PROCESSOR
12345678910
J9
HEADER 5 x 2
J2
12345678910
123456789
1011121314151617181920212223242526
J10
HEADER 13 x 2
J3
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
+12V
-12V
/+6DB
/+12DB
+5.00V
COMP METER
COMP METER
COMP METER
STEREO/MON
STER
EO/M
ON
1234567891011121314151617181920
J12
HEADER 10 x 2
ALC
ALC
ALC
ALC
ALC
FAN
TP4+12V
+12V
TP3-12V
-12V
TP5+5.00V
+5.00V
TP7GND
2
31U1A
TL072
C241.0+12V
C251.0-12V
R32
24.9K1%
R34 24.9K 1%
R3624.9K1%
R35
24.9K1%
Z11
OPENEXT RTN
Z10
OPEN
R30
3.9K 5
67U1B
TL072
R291K
EXT IN
R38 1KZ14
OPENSCA IN
D2
1N41
48 D3
1N41
48
R37
4.02K1%
R33
100
R31
100Z12
OPEN
Z13
OPEN
CO
MP
MET
ER
CO
MPO
SITE
1
CO
MPO
SITE
1
STEREO GENERATOR SHUNT
NC1
Vin2
TEMP3
GND4 TRM 5
Vout 6
NC 7
NC 8U2
REF02
+12V
C26
1.0
2
31U3A
TL072
C291.0+12V
C301.0
-12V
5
67U3B
TL072
R39
100
C27.01
R404.7K
C281.0
Z9
OPEN
+5.00V
AUDIO PROCESSOR SHUNT
-METER PAV
-METER PAI
-METER RFW
-METER PA TEMP
-METER BATT
-FAULT SUM
-/AUTO_CARR_OFF
-/CARR OFF
_FSK IN
_ALC
38 KHZ OUT
_/EXT ENABLE
L IN
1
L IN2
R IN1
R IN
2
R I
N1
L IN
2
R27
220
R26
220
R25
220
R24
220
R23
220
R22
220
R21
220
FAU
LT S
UM
FAU
LT S
UM
MET
ER B
ATT
MET
ER B
ATT
MET
ER P
ATE
MP
MET
ER P
ATE
MP
MET
ER R
FW
MET
ER R
FW
MET
ER P
AI
MET
ER P
AI
MET
ER P
AV
MET
ER P
AV
ALC
FSK
IN
FSK IN
FSK IN
NCNC
NCNC
NC
NCPA
IPA
V
/LO
CK
FA
ULT
C61.001
C63.001
DC
SU
PPLY
TEM
P
TEMP
INPU
T
INPUT
FAN-
+12V
FAN
V-M
ETER
RFV
RF
FWD
RF
REV
/LO
CK
FM_/LOCK
FM_/
LOC
K
NC
38KHZ38KHZ
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NOTES:UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.
DW 10-05-06
DW 10-05-06
/EXT ENABLE
/EXT ENABLE
COMPOSITE METER
INPUT CONFIGURATION CHARTNON-OMNIA BOARD INPUT IMPEDENCE
Z1, Z2 ONZ3, Z5, Z7, Z8 OFFZ4, Z6 OFF
50 KOHM
Z1, Z2 ONZ3, Z5, Z7, Z8 ONZ4, Z6 OFF
600 OHM
OMNIA BOARD AES/EBU INPUT
Z1, Z2 OFFZ3, Z5, Z7, Z8 OFFZ4, Z6 ON
ANALOG LEFT/RIGHTLEFT IN 1 LEFT IN 2
Z31
OPEN
Z32
OPENINSTALLED WHEN USINGAUDIO PROC. SHUNT CKT.
Z22
OPE
N
Z21
OPE
N
Z20
OPE
N
Z19
OPE
N
Z18
OPE
N
Z17
OPE
N
Z16
OPE
N
Z15
OPE
N
Z30
JUMPER
Z29
JUMPER
Z28
JUMPER
Z27
JUMPER
Z26
JUMPER
Z25
JUMPER
Z24
JUMPER
Z23
JUMPER
SCH, UNIVERSAL MOTHER BOARDDP 10-05-06
DP
201497F-SCH A1
201207F-SCH A
1
14
2
15
3
16
4
17
5
18
6
19
7
20
8
21
9
22
10
23
11
24
12
25
13J3
DB25_2X
FMV CONTROL-FMV CONTROL
FMV CONTROL
38KHZ
38KHZ
38KHZ
123456789
1011121314151617181920
J29
FM
WR
PAI
PAI
PAV
PAVN/CN/C
/LOCK FAULT
/LOCK FAULT
DC SUPPLY
NC /CARR_OFF
TEMP
/AUTO_CARR_OFF
TEMP 123
J28
HEADER 3X1
-COMPOSITE OUT
WR TP1ANTENNA SWR
REM RAISE
REM LOWER
REM SWR
DC SUPPLY
EXT
ALC
CO
NTR
OL
RF_
LVL
LOC
K
E2
E3
E4
C541.0
12345678910 J24
HEADER 5 x 2
R22
2
1K
RDS TX
RDS RX
+12V
WRFM
V+TEMPGND
123
J25
HEADER 3X1
RF_
LVL
LOC
/REM
OTE
ALC
RF EXCITER
201497F-SCH-SH3.SCH
ALC/METERING
201497F-SCH-SH2.SCH
FM_/
LOC
KA
LCM
ETER
PA
VM
ETER
PA
I
MET
ER P
ATE
MP
MET
ER B
ATT
MET
ER R
FW
FAU
LT S
UM
GN
D
+5.0
0V
/LO
CK
FA
ULT
DC
SU
PPLY
PAI
PAV
EXT
ALC
CO
NTR
OL
TEM
PFA
NV
-MET
ERR
FVR
F FW
DR
F R
EVIN
PUT
+12V
-12V GN
D
FSK
IN
LOC
K
/LO
CK
RF_
LVL
LOC
/REM
OTE
ALC
CO
MPO
SITE
1
+12V
-12V
38KHZ
/CARR_OFF
/AUTO_CARR_OFFINPUTN/CN/CN/CN/CN/CN/C
N/C
RF
OU
T
RF_LVL
-12V
+12V
R IN
2
L IN1
FMV CONTROL
123
J16
HEADER 3
REM PWR CNTRL
TP6+5V
+5V
PRODUCTION RELEASE
6-9 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
Schematic Diagram: Motherboard (Sheet 2 of 3)
DWG. NO. REV.
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:
SIZE
C
C_L_SHT2_A.DOT REV. A
NOTES:
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:
1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4 W, 5% TOL.
2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.
PAI LIMIT
RF POWER (RFV SQUARED) RF POWERSWRALCPA DCVPA DCI
1.00
VFM_/LOCK
ALC
FAULT SUM
SWR LAMP
PADC LAMP
LOCK LAMP
SEL ASEL BSEL C
DPM IN
RF
FWD
DC SUPPLY
RF REV
RF FWD
SEL ASEL BSEL C
DPM REFSWR LAMP
PADC LAMP
LOCK LAMP
+5.00V
DPM IN
+12V-12V
-12V
+5V
+12V
+5V
+12V
-12V
VCC
VSS
VDD
VEE
-12V
+12V
-12V
+12V
POWER CAL
+5V
.001V per Watt
+5V
FULL SCALE1999 WATTS19.9919.99V199.9V19.99A
PA TEMPERATURESUPPLY DC VOLTSVOLTMETER
199.9V199.9V
1mV/Degree C
10mV/Volt100mV/Amp
10mV/Volt10mV/Volt
VOLTMETER
199.9 Deg. C
10mV/Deg. C
5.00V = 100 deg. C
1.00V = 10.0A
1.00V = 10VDC
INPUT
(1.999V reads "1999")
INPUT LAMP
+5V
(Cla
mp
SWR
read
ing
(2.5
VD
C a
t 100
W)
(1.00V at 100W)
(.135V)
INPUT LAMP
PATEMP LAMP
PATEMP LAMP
RF_LVL
FAN
TEMP OUTMETER PATEMP
METER RFW
METER BATT
-12V
-12V
-12V
J22-1
J1-2
J1-4
J2-3
J2-6
J2-7
J2-8
J2-9
J2-10
J2-11
J22-12
J3-2J3-4J3-6
J30-19
J23-8
J2-7
J4-6
J4-5
J30-16
J30-18
J30-12
J30-14
J30-20
J3-9,10
-12V -12V+12V+12V
+12V
-12V
-12V
U8,9 pin 7
+5.00V
+5.00V
+5.00V +5.00V
/LOCK FAULT
-6.9V
-6.9V
+5V
PAV
J23-1
J4-12
PAI
50mv per degree C.
C132.001
C152.001
C1550.1
C124.01
C123.01
C1530.1
D351N6263
C142.001
C1301.0
C1331.0
C1391.0
12
1314U22D
TL074
5
67U22B
TL074
3
21
411
U20A
TL074
12
1314U20D
TL074
10
98U22C
TL074
10
98U20C
TL074
5
67U20B
TL074C1170.1
C1600.1
C1210.1
C129.001
C131.001 D36
1N6263
C134.001 D38
1N62635
67U24B
TL074
C135.01
10
98U24C
TL074
10
98 U23C
TL074
C1431.0
12
1314U24D
TL074
C1281.0
C1561.0
C119.01
C1411.0
C1200.1
D291N4148
3
21
411
U24ATL074
D391N4148
D37
1N4148
D34
1N4148
3
21
411
U23ATL074
5
67U23B
TL074
D331N4148
D301N4148
D321N4148
C154.001
D47 1N4148
D44
1N4148
D43
1N4148
D46
1N4148
D42
1N4148D45
1N4148
D40
1N4148
D311N4148
3
21
411
U22A
TL074
12345678910
J26
C118.01
R142100
R16210.0K
R161100K 2
31U19A
TL072
5
67U19B
TL072
R1631.1K
R1532.49K
R144100
R19510K
R18633K
R19415K
R1872.2M
R175 120K
R193100K
11 10
U25E
74HC14
13 12
U25F
74HC14
9 8U25D
74HC14
1 2
U25A
74HC14
3 4U25B
74HC14
5 6U25C
74HC14
R22010K
R196 10K
R21951K R217 100K
R218 10K
R185200K
R1841K
R156100K
R155 11K
R19151K
R152100K
R190100K
R1361K
R171 100K
R17024.9K
R149 100
R18280.6K
R183240K
R165100K
R1641M
R16910K
R167
30.1K
R181240K
R166220K
R158100K
R16068.1K
R1571M
R5510K R188
33K
R151 120K
R154 120K
R1891M
R135100K
R17310K
R146100
R1741.1K
R137100K R168
1K
R14010K
R19822K
R197100K
R178 1K
R13910K
R13810K
R19922K
R200100K
R203100K
R20510K
R21510K
R20422K
1234 5
678
Q7
LM394
1234 5
678
Q6
LM394
R2073.3K R213
49.9K
R21149.9K
R2097.5K
R20810.0K
R2101.1K
R148
100
R20639K
R2021K
R2011M
R180
3K
R172
100K
Vin3
GN
D2
Vout 1
VR478L05
R2143.3K
D48
LM329DZ
12345678910
11121314151617181920
J30
HEADER 10X2
R22110.0K
R2122.49K
X013
X114
X215
X312
X41
X55
X62
X74
INH6
A11
B10
C9
X 3
VCC 16
GND8
U21
74HC4051
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%1%
1% 1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
D411N4148
R141 100K
1%
2
3 1Q52N5210
2
FM U5
ALC
METER PAV
METER PAI
METER RFW
METER PATEMP
METER BATT
FAULT SUM
/LOCK FAULT
DC SUPPLY
J22-5EXT ALC CONTROL
R68
10K
R64 10K
-12V
+12V
R6310K
R6010K
R5810K
2
31U9A
MC33282
5
67U9B
MC33282
C44.01
C47.01R62
10K
R1791K
1234 5
678
Q1
LM394
1234 5
678
Q2
LM394R59
3.32K
R57
3.32K
R61
49.9K-5V
R6610K SWR CAL
C49
20pF
R655.11K
C51.001
R69
10K R701.15K
R67100
RE
M S
WR
SW1SW-PB
SW2SW-PB
R4351.1K
R4451.1K
+5V
+5V
1
23U4A
74HC132
4
56U4B
74HC132
9
108U4C
74HC132
12
1311U6D
74HC132
belo
w 5
W.)
R491K
R481K
C41.001
+5.00V
5
67U8B
TL074
D11
1N753A
C42.001
D121N4148
12
1314U8D
TL074
10
98U8C
TL074
3
21
411
U8A
TL074
C43.001
D131N4148
C39.001
D101N4148
R51
3.32K+12V
123
SW8SWITCH
LOCAL ONLY
RF_LVL
POWER SET
-12V
+12V
6.2V
R143100
R145100
+C12747/20V
+ C12547/20V
1%
R192
3.16K
R159*
1 2 3
SW10SWITCH
M1/M2
POWER SETPOWER SET
R159 = 19.6K 1%
ALL FMR159 = 187K 1%
WRR159 = 200K 1%
POWER SET
1%
1%
+ C12647/20V
R147100
C531.0 C52
1.0
Vin2
GN
D1
Vout 3
VR1LM7905
-12V -5V
OPEN FOR FM30 UNITS
FM_/LOCK
C32
.01
C35
.01-12V
C40
.01+12V
C45
.01+12V
C46
.01-12V
C48
.01
C50
.01
2
31U10A
TL072
5
67U10B
TL072
4
8
12
1314U23D
TL074
+C12210/35VTANT
12
JP5
RE
M R
AIS
ER
EM
LO
WE
R
INPUT
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
INC1
U/D2
H3
GND4 W 5
L 6
CS 7
Vcc 8
U5
DS1804
+5V
12
1311U4D
74HC132
R47
51.1K
C33.01uF
R52
100K
R54
100K1
23U6A
74HC132C38.01uf
C37.01uF
R56100K
+5V
4
56U6B
74HC132
9
108U6C
74HC132
RE
M P
WR
CN
TL
+ C344.7uF
1%
TANT.
OPEN
LADRVRALL OTHERS
SCH, UNIVERSAL MOTHER BOARD
201497F-SCH A
201497F-SCH A
3
FM600 User’s Manual 6-10
Schematic Diagram: Motherboard (Sheet 3 of 3)
DWG. NO. REV.
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:
SIZE
C
C_L_SHT2_A.DOT REV. A
FM_/LOCK
+12V+5V
+5V
TP1
+8V
88-108 MHZ
COMPOSITE1
+8V
CLKDATALOAD
8.26V +8V
+5V
LF SEP.
CLOCK
DATA
/ENABLE
OSC in
Fin
VDD
VDD
+5V
+12V
VV
CO
FSK
+5V
CH. SEL.
DIRECT FSK
+5V
LOCK DET.
+5V
VU5
VU5
+12V
FSK IN
LOC/REMOTE Frequency Select
IDAUTO ID
BAND LIMIT
TP
DS1GREEN
DS2RED
IN3
C2
OUT 1
VR2LM317
12345
SW3
12345
SW5
12345
SW4
12345
SW6
12345
SW7
IN3
C2
OUT 1
VR3LM78L05
SW9RESET
SER
10
A11
B12
C13
D14
E3
F4
G5
H6
QH
9
CL
K2
QH
7
INH
15
SH/L
D1
U18OPEN
SER
10
A11
B12
C13
D14
E3
F4
G5
H6
QH
9
CL
K2
QH
7
INH
15
SH/L
D1
U17OPEN
12
34
56
78
910
J20OPEN
12345678910
RP1OPEN
123456789
10
RP2OPEN
R12910.0K
RA21
RA32
RTC3
CLR4
VSS5
RB06
RB17
RB28
RB39 RB4 10RB5 11RB6 12RB7 13VDD 14OSC2 15OSC1 16RA0 17RA1 18
U16PIC16C61
R11910.0K
R721K BECKMAN
R12568K
R12725K
R81150
R108680
R107680
R100
100K
R74237
R731.27K
C116.001 POLY
C80100PF
C79.001
C74.001
C75.001
C1083900PF
C98.001
C90.001
C77.001
C95.001
C97.001
C76.001
D28OPEN
D26OPEN
D241N4148
D271N4148
D21 1N4148
D17
1N6263
R115100K
R109100K
D221N4148
C69100PF
9 8
U15D74HC14
5 6
U15C74HC14
13 12
U15F74HC14
11 10
U15E74HC14
34
U15B74HC14
12
U15A74HC14
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
U13
MC145170
D231N4148
2 1
3
A2MAR-6
C81.001
R12339
12
34
56
78
VCO1POS-150
DS3
AMBER
12
34
56
78
910
J20HEADER 5X2
R97OPEN
R120
1.0K
C8933pF NPO
R106 10
C73.001
C103 .001
C1041
C107.001 POLY
R98100K
R105100K
R114100K
R111100K
R99100K
R104100K
R116100K
R2221.0K
R112100
R11310.0K
R124 1M
R13210.0K
R133 10.0K
R13410.0K
R118 10.0K
R11710.0K
R1031MR102
200K
C1110.01
R87 499K
D251N4148
R131150K
D191N4148
R96150
R9515
R86499K
21
3
A1
MAR-6
R8015
R79100
R88100
D151N4148
C112220pF
R122 4.99K
2
31
411
U14A
MC33284P
6
57 U14B
MC33284P
9
108U14C
MC33284P
13
1214U14D
MC33284P
2
31
84
U12ANE5532 5
67 U12B
NE5532
+5V
8
9
C921
C1021
C1061
C1091
C991
C831
C113 1
2
31
84
U11ATL072 5
67U11B
TL072C860.1
C870.1
C94 0.1
-12V
+12V
R932K
PWR. CNTRL. OFFSET
C88 0.1
-12V
R7810K
Q4IRFD9120
GS
DD143.9V
TP24.5 - 8.0V
1 2
Z34JUMPER
C78.01
PWR. CNTRL TILT
+8V
R7524.3K 1%
R76
30.1
K 1
%
R8426.7K 1%
R8524.3K 1%
R94
499
1%
R92
680.0
D16
6.2V 1N753A
R7710.0K
C851000pF
R835.11K 1%
R825.11K 1%
C840.1
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%1%
1%
1%
+ C11047/20VTANT.
+ C9110/35VTANT.
+ C10510/35VTANT.
+ C11410/35VTANT.
+ C7210/35VTANT.
+ C7010/35VTANT.
+ C7110/35VTANT.
+ C8210/35VTANT.
POLY
POLY
R89100
RF_
LVL
RF_LVL
D201N5353B16V
R1102K 2W
DC SUPPLY
VU5
1
2
3SP4
FMWR
1
2
3SP3
FM WR
FMW
R1
2
3
SP2
1
2
3
SP1FM
WR
FSK-R
FM_/LOCK
LOCK
FM_/LOCK
RF OUT
COMPOSITE1
LOC/REMOTE
FSK IN
R71
OPEN
RNOT USED
+12V
VU5
CV1
OUTPUT 8
+VDD 14
GND7
Y1
5V_TCXO
+5V
VU5
FSK
-R
C101100pF
OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN
123456789
10
J31
HEADER 10
+5V
TO
FREQ
UEN
CY
SEL
ECTI
ON
PW
ALO
CA
TED
ON
FR
ON
T PA
NEL
J1 O
F 20
1508
F-PW
A
R22410K
R10150KFREQ. ADJ.
OFFSETFREQ. ADJ.
SCH, UNIVERSAL MOTHER BOARD
201497F-SCH A3 3
201497F-SCH A
6-11 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
DW
G.
NO
.R
EV.
1 2 3 4
F
D
E
C
B
A
1 2 3 4
F
D
E
C
B
A
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:
APPROVALS
DWNCHK
CMPE
DISTRIBUTION
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONSARE THE PROPERTY OF INTERNATIONALRADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP. ANDSHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED ORUSED AS THE BASIS FOR THEMANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUSOR DEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.
UNCONTROLLED
UNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INKBY CM AS A CONTROLLED COPY, COPIESOF THESE DOCUMENTS INCLUDINGASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
A_P_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM
IRECSIZE
A
12345
SW1
12345
SW3
12345
SW2
12345
SW4
12345
SW5
SER
10
A11
B12
C13
D14
E3
F4
G5
H6
QH
9
CL
K2
QH
7
INH
15
SH/L
D1
U274HC165
SER
10
A11
B12
C13
D14
E3
F4
G5
H6
QH
9
CL
K2
QH
7
INH
15
SH/L
D1
U174HC165
12345678910
RP1100K RPACK
123456789
10
RP2100K RPACK
D11N4148
12345678910
J1
HEADER 5 x 2
+5V
201508F-SCH
SCH, FM FREQUENCY SELECTION
551 1
A
A PRODUCTION RELEASE 03-08-07 DW DW DP
DW 11-14-06
DW 11-14-06
DP 11-14-06
Illustration 6-7 FM Frequency Selection Board (Top-Side)
Illustration 6-8 FM Frequency Selection Board (Bottom-Side)
Schematic Diagram: FM Frequency Selection
FM600 User’s Manual 6-12
Illustration 6-9 FM Display Board
6-13 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics DWG. NO. REV.
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION. SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:
UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE
DISTRIBUTIONK
SIZE
C
C_L_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM
IREC
SWR
50mA
UP
DOWN
SWR
ALC
RF POWER
10V P-P DITHER
PA DC VOLTS
PA DC AMPS
SUPPLY DC VOLTS
"110"
"PILOT"
19.99
19.99
199.9
199.9
199.9
19.99
F.S.DECIMAL POINT
DITHER
L VUR VU
HI GRBR GR
PROC APROC BPROC C
/+6DB/+12DB
L VU
/+6DB
/+12DB
DPM INDPM REF
MON/ST
SWR LAMP
PADC LAMP
LOCK LAMP
+12V
+5V
+5V
+12V
+12V
-12V
5.00V
5.00V
+5V
+12V
5.00V
+5V
+12V
COMPOSITE
+12V
5.00V
-12V
+12V
COMPOSITE
+5V
+12V
+12V
-12V
+12V
-12V
-12V
+12V
VCC
14 16
U10U11
U9
78
VEEVSS
VDD
-12V
STEREO
MONO
MOD. CAL.
1999
FOR BAR
DL36-43
DL21-25
DL1-10
DL48-58
DL26-35
RF LEVEL
5.00V
DL44-47, 59
+12V +12V-12V
5.00V 5.00V
5.00V 5.00V
SEL ASEL BSEL C
+12V
PA TEMPERATURE
19.99VOLTMETER
INPUT
PATEMP LAMP
Pin 1, upper left from front of unit.
LOCK
INPUT
PA DC
PA TEMP
NOTES :
1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.
2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.
RED
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
RED
C21.0UF
C70.1
C8.001
RED
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
C110.1
Q32N5210
Q42N5087
C250.1
C301.0UF
C311.0UF
C28
1.0UF
C100.1
GRN
YEL
Y
Y
G
G
G
G
G
G
Y
YEL
D11N4148
D21N4148
3
21
84
U6ATL072
5
67U6B
TL072
3
21
84
U7ATL072
5
67U13B
TL072
C12.001
D61N6263
C221.0UF
C261.0UF
12345678910
11121314151617181920
J1
HEADER 10X2
12345678910
11121314151617181920
J2
HEADER 10X2
RED
SW5
C11.0UF
3
21
84
U1A
TL072
Q1MPS-A56
D51N6263
5
67U7B
TL072
3
21
84
U13ATL072
C13.01
C241.0UF
C291.0UF
C231.0UF
SW6
C20.01
C32.001
C21.01
C33.001
C341.0UF
1 2
JP3JUMPER
SW1DPDT
SW2DPDT
SW3DPDT
GRN
C5.001
C60.1
1 2
JP1OPEN
L11
V-2
V+3
DLO4
IN5
DHI6
ROUT7
RADJ8
MODE9 L10 10
L9 11
L8 12
L7 13
L6 14
L5 15
L4 16
L3 17
L2 18
U2LM3915
R31K
DL44 RED
DL45 RED
R2100K
DL46 RED
R168K
DL47 RED
DL59 RED
R41.2K
R VU
+12V
5.00V
+12V
DL11-20RED
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
GRN
RED
C41.0
YEL
D31N4148
D41N4148
C31.0
5
67U1B
TL072
Q2MPS-A56
1 2
JP2OPEN
L11
V-2
V+3
DLO4
IN5
DHI6
ROUT7
RADJ8
MODE9 L10 10
L9 11
L8 12
L7 13
L6 14
L5 15
L4 16
L3 17
L2 18
U3LM3915
L1 1
V- 2
V+ 3
DLO 4
IN 5
DHI 6
ROUT 7
RADJ 8
MODE 9L1010
L911
L812
L713
L614
L515
L416
L317
L218
U4LM3914
L1 1
V- 2
V+ 3
DLO 4
IN 5
DHI 6
ROUT 7
RADJ 8
MODE 9L1010
L911
L812
L713
L614
L515
L416
L317
L218
U5LM3914
R18 1.2K
R171K
R1633K
R131K
R14 1.2K
R1533K
R768K
R8100K
R91K
R101.2K
R12330
R111K
R51K
R6330
R315.6K
R32620
R3333K
R345.1K
L11
V-2
V+3
DLO4
IN5
DHI6
ROUT7
RADJ8
MODE9 L10 10
L9 11
L8 12
L7 13
L6 14
L5 15
L4 16
L3 17
L2 18
U8LM3914
R52 5.6K
R27 2.7K
R48 1K
R29680
R433.3M
R471K
R4610M
R45100
R4433K
R2510K
R4910K
R554.7K
R531K
R241M
R2310.0K
R2210.0K
-12V
R2633K
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
1010
1111
1212
1313
1414
1515
1616
1717
1818
1919
2020
2121
2222
2323
2424
2525
2626
2727
2828
2929
3030
3131
3232
3333
3434
3535
3636
3737
3838
3939
4040
1000 100'S TENS UNITS
DL1
01D
ISPL
AY
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
1010
1111
1212
1313
1414
1515
1616
1717
1818
1919
2020
2121
2222
2323
2424
2525
2626
2727
2828
2929
3030
3131
3232
3333
3434
3535
3636
3737
3838
3939
4040
U12ICL7107
+5V
+5V
+5V
X4
1
X6
2
X3
X7
4
X5
5
EN
6
VE
E7
GN
D8
C9
B10
A11
X3
12
X0
13
X1
14
X2
15
VC
C16
U1174HC4051
+5V
R30150
C19100PF
R38100K
C180.1
R37470K
C160.1
C170.1
-12V
C271.0UF
DZ16.2V
C140.1
C150.1
R57
1K BECKMAN
1 2U9A
74HC14
CLR14
UP5
DOWN4
LOAD11
CO 12
BO 13
A15 QA 3
B1 QB 2
C10 QC 6
D9 QD 7
U10
74HC193
3 4U9B
74HC14
R4110K
R4210K
R281K
R541K
R40100K
R39100K
R36100K
R35100K
R19510
1213 U9F74HC14
R20220K
C91.0UF
5.00V 5.00V
COMPOSITER VUL VU
+12V-12V
5.00V 5.00V
Vin1
GN
D2
Vout 3
VR17805
+12V
-12V -12V
HI G
R
DITHER
BR
GR
+12V
DP10DP100
+5V
5 6U9C
74HC14
89 U9D
74HC14
1011 U9E
74HC14
R512.2K
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:
Y
G
G
G
G
50mA
D16
1N41
48 D171N4148
D71N4148
MOD. CAL.
D18
1N4148
R56220
+5V
R50100K BECKMAN
SCH, FM/IBOC DISPLAY
DW 09-20-04
G REDRAWN ON IREC FORMAT AND PWB CHG. TO REV. C 09-20-04 DW
1% 1%
336 DW
R580
Q43113-2F H
Q43113-2F H
H PWA, PWB CHG'D TO ROHS 07-24-06 DW475 DW
Schematic Diagram: FM Display
FM600 User’s Manual 6-14
Illustration 6-10 Driver Switch Logic Board
6-15 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
Schematic Diagram: Driver Switch Logic Board
FM600 User’s Manual 6-16
DWG. NO. REV.
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICAT IONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:
UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE
DISTRIBUTIONK
SIZE
C
C _L_SH T1_A .D O T R EV . A
IN T E R N A T ION A L R A D IO A N D E L E C T R ON IC S C OR P .2 5 16 6 L E E R D R IVE E L K H A R T , IN . 4 6 5 145 7 4 - 2 6 2 - 8 9 0 0 WWW.IR E C 1.C OM
IR E C
5 6U1C
74HC14
3 4
U1B
74HC14
CIN11 COUT 9
COUT 10
RST12 Q4 7
Q5 5
Q6 4
Q7 6
Q8 14
Q9 13
Q10 15
Q12 1
Q13 2
Q14 3
VC
C16
GN
D8
U574HC4060
C7.01
C131.0
C9.001
R14.7K
R34.7K
R210.0K
1 2
U1A
74HC14
R44.7K
R510.0K
+5V
C8.001
R1575.0K
R145.1K
-12V
+12V
R1390.9K
R1675.0K
C12.001
D21N6263W
D31N6263W
D1MMBD4148
R1751K
R18100K
R20100K
R81.0K
R191.0M
R21220.0
+12V
R222.2K
R2310.0K
R2410.0K
D4MMBD4148
DS3RED
DS4GREEN
R2610.0K
R2710.0K
R25100K
R2824.9K
C171.0POLYPOLY
+5V
D5MMBD4148
1110
U1E74HC14
123456
J1
+12V
CO
MP2
/CA
RR
IER
OFF
/AU
TO C
AR
RIE
R
D10
GS1G-TP
/LOCK FAULT
INPUT FAULT
SUPP
LY M
ETER
/VC
O D
C
FAN
Q1MMBT8099
R10910
+ C61/50V
R91.0K
R11470
CARR SW
/CARRIER OFF
/AUTO CARRIER
AUDIO or COMPOSITE
+5V
1%
TIME-OUT SELECT
NOTES:
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.
201574F-SCH
PROGRAM AUDIO DETECTION
C100.1
C11
0.1
1%
0.5 MIN2 MIN4 MIN8 MIN
A ADDED R67, TP11 & PRODUCTION RELEASE 01-14-08 DW DW
DW 10-30-07
SCH, DRIVE SWITCH LOGIC
A
PAI Q2IRFR5410
12345678910
JP1
HEADER 5X2
2
31
714 U2A
74HC02
5
64
U2B
74HC02
D6GS1G-TP
C5.01
+24V+24V
8
910
U2C
74HC02
11
1213
U2D
74HC02
+12V
-12V
ALC
R534.99K
R54
1.50K
0.01C33
0.01C30
0.01C29
P3
FASTON TAB
P4
FASTON TAB
R474.99K
R48
1.50K
R3356K
R343K
+5V
VPAOK
R32909
R31511
+5V
1%
1%
D8GS1G-TP
D7GS1G-TP
+5V
+C1847/16V
R2923.2K
R302.15K
PAV
.1C31
0.01C32
100V100V
INPU
T FA
ULT
12
J3
HEADER 2
C36
0.01
DS6GRN
DS5GRN
DS7GRN
R58750
R592.4K
R602.4K
+5V +12V -12V
9 8
U1D
74HC14
DS2RED
R6820
+5V
AUDIOFAIL
1312
U1F74HC14
R7750
DS1GRN
+5V
1 2
U11A
74HC14
DS8
GRN
R35
750VPAOK
123456789101112
J5
12 HEADER
R1210K
GS
D
+12VC27
0.1
-12V
C28
0.1
+VPA1
TORF PA1
+VPA2
TORF PA2
FB2
(TOTAL)
P1
FASTON
P2
FASTON
+30-60V
FROM PSU2
+VPA
+VPA
R4910K
0.01C34
F2 1/4 AMP
2
31
84
U8ALM2904
5
67
U8B
LM2904
2
31
84
U10A
OPEN
FB1
R36OPEN
R37OPEN
R38 OPEN
D9
OPEN
R39OPEN
R42
33
R43
10K
+5V
0.01C26
ALCPSU2
ALC FLTRD
+12V
+5V+24V
-12V
+ C2010/6.3V
2
31
84
U3ALM2904
5
67
U3B
LM2904
1%1%
1%
C30.1+5V
C10.1
C370.01
R40
OPEN R41OPEN
OPENC25 -12V
1%
1%
JP2OPEN
0.01C22
2
31
84
U9A
LM2903
0.1
C21+5V
OPENC23
+12V
5
67
U9BLM2903
2
31
84
U4ALM2904
+12V
C140.1
5
67
U4B
LM2904
C160.1
C20.1
14
7
(AUDIO)
R5510K
+5V
-12V
C150.1
R45 .02 5W
R51.02 5W
TO
1%
1%
100V
100V
1%
1%
R50499
R564991%
1%
OPENC24
-12V
ALC VOLTAGECONTROLTO PSU2/DRVR
ALCPSU20-6V
POWER FROMPSU1
RF DRIVEON
+1.8V
+5V +12V -12V
AUDIO FAIL TIMER
DRIVER SWITCH
PSU2 VOLTAGE MONITOR
PSU2 VOLTAGE SCALING
(30 - 60V)+VPA
DC IN
DC IN
PA CURRENT MONITOR
F1 1/4 AMP
100mV/AMPPA1I
100mV/AMPPA2I
R572.49K
OPEN
1%
+C3810/35V
+
C4
4.7/50VTANT
TANT
+
C35
10/35V
0.01C19
TP8
PA2 CURRENT
TP7
PA1 CURRENT
TP3DRVR +24V
TP9
R443K
+5V
34
U11B74HC14
56
U11C74HC14
9 8
U11D
74HC14
11 10
U11E
74HC14
Z7
Solder Jumper
Z8
Solder Jumper
Z9
Solder Jumper
13 12
U11F
74HC14
Z1Solder Jumper
Z2Solder Jumper
Z5Solder Jumper
Z6Solder Jumper
GN
D4
OU
T5
N/C2
LOA
D1
IN3
U6HV7801
GN
D4
OU
T5
N/C2
LOA
D1
IN3
U7HV7801
R4610K
R5210K
123
J4
OPEN
R61OPEN
R62OPEN
FAN
R6375.0K 1%
1%
R6424.9K
R6575.0K
R6624.9K
1%
1%
1234
J6
Header 4
TIMERENABLE TIMER
RESET
+24V
C40
0.1
C41
0.1
TP1-12V
TP2+12V
TP4+24V
TP5GND
TP6+5V
TP10GND
0.1
C39
+5V
TANT
12345678910
11121314151617181920
J2
HEADER 10X2
5
67
U10BLM2904
Z4
Solder Jumper
Z3Solder Jumper
TP11
AF FLTR
R6710K
MS
DW 10-30-07
MS 10-30-07
1 1
R19
Illustration 6-12 FM600 Power Amplifier Module
6-17 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
DW
G.
NO
.R
EV.
1 2 3 4 7 8
A
B
C
D
E
F
1 2 3 4 6 7 8
A
B
C
E
F
5
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THE PROPERTY OFINTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED AS THE BASISFOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION. SHEETSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV.
TITLE:
UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE
DISTRIBUTION
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
65
SIZEB
B_L_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM
IREC
1
2
3
R1110K
R125.6
R135.6
R145.6
R155.6
R1724, 3W
R1610, 1/8W
C14.01
C15.01
C12.01
C13.01
C01.01
C24.68
C23.01
C26.01
C2555pFT21
G2 D2
S
G1 D1
Q01SD2942
PA DC
C220.1
L2150NH
L2250NH
J02BNC RECEPT.
J01BNC RECEPT
T11S
T1111P
C21.01
R01
15K
PA OUTPUT
C10.01R10
12K
R192003W
PA INPUT
DZ106.2V
R182.7K
LB01
BEAD
NOTES:
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:
1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, +/- 5% TOL.
2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.
3. C10 - C15 = .01 CHIP
4. L21 AND L22 = 8 TURNS CLOSE-WOUND, 3/16 INCH I.D.
C16A
10PFC16
B6.
5-30
pF
C11.01
A PRODUCTION RELEASE 02-20-07 DW DW DP
FM RF AMPLIFIER
201551F-SCH A1
DW
DW
DP
02-20-07
02-20-07
02-20-07
Schematic Diagram: FM RF Amplifier
FM600 User’s Manual 6-18
Illustration 6-13 FM Low Pass Filter #2
6-19 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
EP
DW
G.
NO
.R
EV.
1 2 3 4 7 8
A
B
C
D
E
F
1 2 3 4 6 7 8
A
B
C
E
F
5
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THE PROPERTY OFINTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED AS THE BASISFOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION. SHEETSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV.
TITLE:
UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE
DISTRIBUTION
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
65
SIZEB
B_L_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM
IREC
J1RF IN
J2BNC
C1A10pF C1
15.4pFC3
40.9pFC538.9pF
C737.7pF
C914.1pF
C102pF
C1947pF
C1247pF NPO
C130.001uF
C140.01uF C15
.01C160.001uF
C21.35pF
C47.1pF
C69.3pF
C85.13pF
C1147pF NPO
L1OPEN
L290.5nH
L394.1nH
L487.5nH
L577.9nH
D1 1N6263D2
1N6263
12345
HD21X5
R61K
R91K
R720K
R820K
R410
R273.2
R310
R573.2
NOTES:======= UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED1) ALL RESTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5%
2) ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS
3) C1-C10 AND C17 ARE CIRCUIT BOARD PADS
FWD
REFL
C173.5pF
C1847pF C20
.01
R1100 R11
100K
R10
10KD3
1N6263
123
HD1
RF MONITOR
Aprox. 7V RMSwith 200w RF in
RFV
RF OUT
4) IF NECESSARY, SELECT R2 FOR SWR READING OF 1.1 OR BETTER WITH 50 OHM LOAD R5 = R2
SHIELD
J REDRAWN 12-05-03 DW
DW 03-14-02
DP
C1-C10 AND C17ARE PWB COPPER AREAS
FM LOW PASS FILTER #2
103209-SCH J
Schematic Diagram: FM Low Pass Filter #2
FM600 User’s Manual 6-20
Illustration 6-14 FM RF Driver
6-21 Adjustments and Tests
FM600 User’s Manual
Board Layouts and Schematics
DW
G.
NO
.R
EV.
1 2 3 4 7 8
A
B
C
D
E
F
1 2 3 4 6 7 8
A
B
C
E
F
5
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THE PROPERTY OFINTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED AS THE BASISFOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION. SHEETSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV.
TITLE:
UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE
DISTRIBUTION
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
65
SIZEB
B_L_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM
IREC
L133uH
J1RF IN
L2 OPEN
R1010K
IN1
GN
D2
GN
D3
N/C
4
VC
C5
N/C
6
GN
D7
GN
D8
OU
T9
XU1MHW6342T
R1OPEN
C60.01
C70.01
T1
Q1BLF245
R2
OPEN
C15680pF
L3 C1010pF
C1136pF
C1236pF
C135pF
L410.4uH
L523.2uH
C1427pF
J2RF OUT
C9OPEN
R114.7K
R951
C170.01
+24VDC
C160.01
C18OPEN
1/2W
3
21
84
U2A
OPEN
5
67
U2B
OPEN
R15OPEN
R14
OPEN
G
S
D
1
J3
1
J4
R13OPEN
R12
OPEN
R8*
D31N753A6.2V
DW 08-28-03
533
1
J5
R7
OPEN
C8OPEN
2
1
3
D1OPEN
C1
.01
Vin1
GN
D2
Vout 3
VR1OPEN
R16OPEN
C2OPEN
R4OPEN
R3OPEN
2
1
3
D2OPEN
C3.01
R6OPEN
+5V
R5
OPENC4OPEN
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:NOTE:
1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4 WATT +/- 5% TOL.2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.
L6OPEN
R1751
DW 10-30-03DP 10-30-03
C19OPEN
RT12.7K NTCOPEN
T
L7OPEN
C20OPEN
C21OPEN
C22OPEN
R18
0
FM30 FM100 FM250 FM500
R8 POWER LEVEL CONFIGURATION
OPEN 3 OHM 5W 2.7 OHM 5W3 OHM 5W
FOR FM100 AND FM250: 18VFOR FM500: 20VFOR FM30: FEED POINT FROM PWR. REGULATOR PWB.
FOR FM30:20VDC INPUT APPLIED HERE.
C522
C23
.01
C24
.01
ADDED TO PWB (200922-PWB-D IN LOCATIONSHOWN, AND DEPICTED ON COMPONENT MAP.
M PRODUCTION RELEASE 12-10-03 DW DW DP264N XU1 WAS 200479-TERM-10 01-29-04 DW DW MH279O PWB CHG'D TO REV. C 06-14-04 DW DW DP316P PWB CHG'D TO REV. D 03-22-05 DW DW DP361
SCH, FM RF DRIVER
Q43310-4F Q
Q PWA & PWB NOW RoHS. 07-28-06 DW DW DP475
Q43
310-
4FQ
Schematic Diagram: FM RF Driver
FM600 User’s Manual 6-22
Schematic Diagram: FM600 Chassis Interconnect
6-23 Adjustments and Tests
DWG. NO. REV.
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12
E . C . N. REV DESCRIPTIONAPPROVALS
PECHK CMDATE DWNREVISION HISTORY
THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERT Y OF INTERNAT IONAL RADIO CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR T HE MANUFACT URE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.
SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:
DWG . NO . REV
TITLE:
UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENT SINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECT RONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE
DISTRIBUTIONK
SIZE
C
C _L_SH T1_A .D O T R EV . A
IN T E R N A T ION A L R A D IO A N D E L E C T R ON IC S C OR P .2 5 16 6 L E E R D R IVE E L K H A R T , IN . 4 6 5 145 7 4 - 2 6 2 - 8 9 0 0 WWW.IR E C 1.C OM
IR E C
J25 J12 J30 J141 2 3 4 5
MOTHERBOARD
J19
20 C
ON
DU
CTO
RRI
BBO
N
20 C
ON
DU
CTO
RRI
BBO
N
DISPLAY
201506F-PWA
Q43113-2-PWA
FREQUENCY
201508F-PWASELECTION
J31 10 CONDUCTOR
RIBBON J1
REFLECTOMETERFEED-THRU
BACK VIEW
12345678910
HEADER
DC BUS
DC BUS
P1DRIVER INPUTBNC
PA1 DC INPUT
P2PA RF OUTPUT
BNC
PA2 DC INPUT
DRIVER DC INPUTINNER FAN
OUTER FAN
11 37 37
22
44
55
66
88
99
1212
1313
1414
1515
1717
1818
1919
2020
2222
2323
2424
2525
2828
2929
3131
3232
3333
3535
3636
38 38
40 40
41 41
42 42
44 44
45 45
46 46
47 47
52 52
53 53
54 54
55 55
56 56
57 57
62 62
63 63
64 64
65 65
67 67
68 68
69 69
71 71
72 72
J1
72PINB
ALC
RF OUT RF INRF OUTPUT
FILTER
J15
J2
DRIVER SWITCH
201574F-PWALOGIC BOARD
20 CONDUCTORRIBBON
J1
P2P1
+VPA DC INFROM PSU2
123456789
10
SOCKET
P4P3
TORF PA1
J3FAN
TORF PA2
123456789
101112
J5
-12VN/C
GND+24VKEYN/C+5V+5VGNDGND+12V+12V
BLUEBLACKORANGE
REDREDBLACKBLACKYELLOWYELLOW
CARRIER
AC POWER
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
LOW VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
J13
12
3 GND
+12VTEMP
12
34
56
J6
1234
GNDGND
ALC FLTRD
ALCPSU2
123456789
101112
J2
+5V+5V
GND
+24VKEY
N/C
N/C
-12V
GNDGND
+12V+12V
BLUE
BLACK
ORANGE
REDRED
BLACKBLACK
YELLOWYELLOW
13
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
G N HJ1
1 2 3
LOW VOLTAGE
EARTH
120/240 VAC50/60HZ
NEUTRAL
HOTFILTER
H
N
GND
FUSE
12 AMP
EARTH
201661-PS
201660F-PS
Q43464-9
Q43301-3
201512F-PEM
EARTH
OUTPUT
J1 J2
HD2
HD1
RF MONITOR
SCH, FM600 INTERCONNECT
201678-SCH A
DW 02-13-08
A PRODUCTION RELEASE 02-13-08 DW
Section 7—Service and Support
We understand that you may need various levels of support or that the product could require servicing at some point in time. This section pro-vides information for both of these scenarios.
Service and Support 7-1
7.1 Service The product warranty (see opposite page) outlines our responsibility for defective products. Before returning a product for repair or replacement (our choice), call our Customer Service department using the following telephone number:
(866) 262-8917 Our Customer Service Representative will give you further instructions regarding the return of your product. Use the original shipping carton or a new one obtained from Crown. Place shipping spacers between the slide-out power amplifier assembly and the back panel. Please fill out the Factory Service Instructions sheet (page 7–5) and include it with your re-turned product. 7.2 24–Hour Support In most instances, what you need to know about your product can be found in this manual. There are times when you may need more in-depth information or even emergency-type information. We provide 24–hour technical assistance on your product via a toll telephone call. For emergency help or detailed technical assistance, call
(866) 262-8917
You may be required to leave a message at this number but your call will be returned promptly from our on-call technician.
7.3 Spare Parts To obtain spare parts, call Crown Broadcast Sales at the following number.
(866) 262-8972
You may also write to the following address:
International Radio and Electronics Corporation
P.O. Box 2000
Elkhart, Indiana, U.S.A. 46515-2000
FM600 User’s Manual 7-2
Crown Broadcast Three Year Limited Product Warranty
Summary Of Warranty Crown Broadcast IREC warrants its broadcast products to the ORIGINAL PURCHASER of a NEW Crown Broadcast product, for a period of three (3) years after shipment from Crown Broadcast. All products are warranted to be free of defects in materials and workmanship and meet or exceed all specifications published by Crown Broadcast. Product nameplate with serial number must be intact and not altered in any way. This warranty is non - transferable. This warranty in its entirety is the only warranty offered by Crown Broadcast. No other warranties, expressed or implied, will be en-forceable.
Exclusions Crown Broadcast will not warranty the product due to misuse, accident, neglect and improper instal-lation or operation. Proper installation included A/C line surge suppression, lightning protection and proper grounding of the entire transmitter, and any other recommendations designated in the Instruc-tion manual. This warranty does not extend to any other products other than those designed and manufactured by Crown Broadcast. This warranty does not cover any damage to any accessory such as loads, transmission line or antennas resulting from the use or failure of a Crown Broadcast transmitter. Warranty does not cover any loss of revenue resulting from any failure of a Crown Broadcast product, act of God, or natural disaster.
Procedure for Obtaining Warranty Service Crown Broadcast will repair or service, at our discretion, any product failure as a result of normal in-tended use. Warranty repair can only be performed at our plant facility in Elkhart, Indiana USA or at a factory authorized service depot. Expenses in remedying the defect will be borne by Crown Broad-cast, including two-way ground transportation cost within the continental United States. Prior to re-turning any product or component to Crown Broadcast for warranty work or repair, a Return Authori-zation (RA) number must be obtained from the Crown Broadcast Customer Service Department. Product must be returned in the original factory pack or equivalent. Original factory pack materials may be obtained at a nominal charge by contacting Crown Broadcast Customer Service. Resolution of the defective product will be made within a reasonable time from the date of receipt of the defec-tive product.
Warranty Alterations No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or modify this warranty, in whole or in part. This war-ranty is not extended by the length of time for which the owner was deprived the use of the product. Repairs and replacement parts that are provided under the terms of this warranty shall carry only the unexpired portion of the warranty.
Product Design Changes
Crown Broadcast reserves the right to change the design and manufacture of any product at any time without notice and without obligation to make corresponding changes in products previously manufactured.
Legal Remedies of Purchaser This written warranty is given in lieu of any oral or implied warranties not covered herein. Crown Broadcast disclaims all implied warranties including any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
Crown Broadcast
25166 Leer Drive Elkhart, Indiana 46514-5425, Phone: (574) 262-8900, Fax: (574) 262-5399 www.crownbroadcast.com
Service and Support 7-3
FM600 User’s Manual 7-4
Page Left Blank
Factory Service Instructions
To obtain factory service, complete the bottom half of this page, include it with the unit, and ship to:
International Radio and Electronics Corporation 25166 Leer Drive
Elkhart, Indiana, U.S.A. 46514-5425
For units in warranty (within 3 years of purchase from any authorized Crown Dealer): We pay for ground UPS shipments from anywhere in the continental U.S. and Federal Express Second Day service from Hawaii and Alaska to the factory and back to you. Expedited service/shipment is available for an additional charge. You may forward your receipt for shipping charges which we will reimburse. We do not cover any charges for shipping outside the U.S. or any of the expenses involved in clearing customs. If you have any questions about your Crown Broadcast product, please contact Crown Broadcast Customer Service at:
Telephone: (866) 262-8917 or (866) 262-8972 Fax: (574) 262-5399
Name: Company: Shipping Address: Phone Number: Fax: Model: Serial Number: Purchase Date:
Nature of the Problem (Describe the conditions that existed when the problem occurred and what attempts were made to correct it.) Other equipment in your system: If warranty has expired, payment will be: Cash/Check VISA Mastercard
Please Quote before servicing
Card Number: Exp. Date: Signature: Return Shipment Preference if other than UPS Ground: Expedite Shipment Other
ENCLOSE WITH UNIT—DO NOT MAIL SEPARATELY
Service and Support 7-5
Appendix
Transmitter Output Efficiency
FM600 User’s Manual A-1
Frequency RF Power PA DC Volts PA DC Current Power Input Efficiency 89.7 660 47.3 17.2 813.6 81.1 600 45.1 15.9 717.1 83.7 450 39.4 13.68 539 83.5 300 32.2 11.42 367.7 81.6 150 22.9 8.87 203.1 73.8 60 14.5 6.95 100.8 59.5 97.9 660 49.7 14.86 738.5 89.4 600 47.1 14.12 665.1 90.2 450 40.3 12.55 505.8 89 300 32.4 11.11 360 83.3 150 23 9.22 212.1 70.7 60 14.8 8.26 22.2 49.1 107.9 660 51.1 16.24 829.9 79.5 600 48.8 15.8 771 77.8 450 42 14.56 611.5 73.6 300 34.6 12.83 443.9 67.6 150 26.4 10.91 288 52.1 60 16.2 7.09 129.4 46.4
Page Left Blank
Appendix A-2
Notes:
FM600 User’s Manual A-3
Glossary
The following pages define terms and abbreviations used throughout
this manual.
Glossary G-1
AF Audio Frequency; the frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 kHz in the electromagnetic spectrum ALC Automatic Level Control AM Amplitude Modulation; the process of impressing information on a radio-frequency signal by varying its amplitude. Bandwidth The range of frequencies available for signaling. BCD Binary-Coded Decimal; a digital system that uses binary codes to represent decimal digits. BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator BNC A bayonet locking connector for miniature coax; said to be short for Bayonet-Neill-Concelman. Broadband As used in the FM transmitter; refers to the entire audio spectrum as opposed to the spectrum influenced by the pre-emphasis; also called “Wideband”. Carrier A continuous signal which is modulated with a second; information– carrying signal. Crosstalk In FM broadcasting, the term generally refers to the interaction between the main (L+R) and the subcarrier (L_R) signals as opposed to “separation” which generally refers to leakage between left (L) and right (R) channels. Density (program) A high average of modulation over time. Deviation The amount by which the carrier frequency changes either side of the center frequency. DIP Dual In-line Pins; term used to describe a pin arrangement. Distortion The unwanted changes in signal wave shape that occur during transmission between two points. DPM Digital Panel Meter EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Exciter (1) A circuit that supplies the initial oscillator used in the driver stage. (2) A transmitter configuration which excludes stereo generation and audio processing.
FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual G-2
FET Field-Effect Transistor Frequency Synthesizer A circuit that generates precise frequency signals by means of a single crystal oscillator in conjunction with frequency dividers and multipliers. FM Frequency Modulation; the process of impressing a radio signal by varying its frequency. FSK Frequency Shift Keying; an F technique for shifting the frequency of the main carrier at a Morse code rate. Used in the on-air identification of frequencies. Gain Reduction The process of reducing the gain of a given amplifier. Harmonics Undesirable energy at integral multiples of a desired, fundamental frequency. High Frequency Frequencies in the 3.0 to 30.0 MHz range. Highband Frequencies affected by the pre-emphasis. I/O Input/Output LED Light Emitting Diode Modulation The process by which a carrier is varied to represent an information-carrying signal. MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor; A voltage-controlled device with high input impedance due to its electrically isolated gate. Nearcast A transmission within a localized geographic area (ranging from a single room to several kilometers) PA Power Amplifier PAI Power Amplifier Current PAV Power Amplifier Voltage Pilot A 19-kHz signal used for stereo transmissions. Pre-emphasis The deliberate accentuation of the higher audio frequencies; made possible by a high-pass filter. Processing The procedure and or circuits used to modify incoming audio to make it suitable for transmission. Receiver An option which adds incoming RF capability to an existing transmitter. See also “Translator.”
Glossary G-3
RF Radio Frequency; (1) A specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between audio-frequency and the infrared portion. (2) A frequency useful for radio transmission (roughly 10 kHz and 100,000 MHz). SCA Subsidiary Communications Authorization; see “subcarrier.” S/N Signal to Noise Spurious products Unintended signals present on the transmission output terminal. Stability A tolerance or measure of how well a component, circuit, or system maintains constant operating conditions over a period of time. Stereo Pilot See “Pilot.” Stereo separation The amount of left channel information that bleeds into the right channel (or vice versa). Subcarrier A carrier signal which operates at a lower frequency than the main carrier frequency and which modulates the main carrier. Suppression The process used to hold back or stop certain frequencies. SWR Standing Wave Ratio; on a transmission line, the ratio of the maximum voltage to the minimum voltage or maximum current to the minimum current; also the ratio of load impedance to intended (50 ohms) load impedance. THD Total Harmonic Distortion Translator A transmitter designed to internally change an FM signal from one frequency to another for retransmission. Used in conjunction with terrestrial networks. Satellator A transmitter equipped with an FSK ID option for re-broadcasting a satellite fed signal. VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio; see “SWR.” Wideband See “Broadband.” VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator
FM600 User’s Manual G-4
Index Symbols 19–kHz level adjustment 5–3 phase adjustment 5–3 A AC. See Power: input ALC 3–3,3–7,4–7 Altitude operating range 1–8 Amperes PA DC 3–3,3–8 Amplifier RF 4–14 bias set 5–6 Antenna 2–11 mismatch 3–3 Applications 1–3 Audio broadband 3-5 distortion 5–9 frequency 5–8 high 3–5 input connectors 2-13, 4–3 input level 1-7, 3–5 monitor connections 2–14,4–5 performance 5–7 pre-emphasis 3–5 processing 3–5,4–10 wide 3–5 Audio processor 4-3 adjustments 5–2 circuit description 4–3 circuit location 6–3 indicators 3–5 input 3–5 reference drawings 6–5 B Backup transmitter use 1–4 Bandwidth RF 5–8 Bias set 5–6 Broadband. See Audio: broadband
C Cables audio input 2–12 Carrier 4–11,5–8 automatic turnoff 2–15,3–8,5–6,5–10 frequency 5–8, 5-10 Carrier switch 3–4,5–5 Channel. See Frequency main 5–9 main into sub 5–9 sub into main 5–9 Chassis 4–15 Circuit boards audio processor/stereo generator 4– 3,6–5 display 4-10 driver switch logic 4-11 motherboard 4-8 RF Amplifier 4-14 RF Driver 4-13 Receiver 4-16 Circuits chassis 4–15 display 4–10 metering 4–7 motherboard 4–8 part numbering 4–2 RF exciter 4–6 Components numbering 4–2 Composite input 2–14 input connection 2–13 output adjustment 5–3 Connectors audio input 2–12 audio monitoring 2–14 composite in 2–14 remote I/O 2–15 RF input 2–11 RF output 2–11 RF output monitoring 2–11 SCA In 2–13 XLR 2–12, 4–3 Cooling Fan 3-3 Crosstalk 1-7 measurements 5-9 Current limit PA 5-5
I-1 Index
D De-emphasis 2-14, 5-2, 5-7 jumpers 2-14, 5-2 Delay program failure to carrier turnoff 2-15, 5-6 Dimensions 1-8 Display circuit description 4-10 front panel 3-2, 3-5, 3-7 modulation calibration 5-5 Distortion 1-7 audio 5-9 harmonic 4-5 Driver Switch Logic board 4-11 E Emissions 5-8 Exciter. See RF exciter configuration 1-4 F Fan (PA) cooling 3-3 Fault indicators 3-8, 4-7 input 3-8 lock 3-8 power 3-8 servicing 3-8 SWR 3-8 temperature 3-8 FCC requirements 1-9, 5-8, 5-10 Frequency carrier 5-7, 5-8 measurement 5-4 pilot 5-7, 5-8 receiver 2-7, 2-8 response 5-8 selection 2-4, 5-3 receiver 2-7 samples 2-5 synthesizer 4-6, 5-10 Frequency synthesizer. See RF exciter adjustments 5-3 Front panel display modulation calibration 5-5 FSK 1-5, 1-6 measurements 5-4 Fuses 2-3 G Gain control 3-5
Gain reduction 4-3 Gain switches input 3-6 H Harmonic distortion 4-5 Harmonics 5-7 Heatsink 3-8 Highband 3-5 processing 4-4 Humidity operating range 1-8 I I/O connector 1-2, 2-14 pin out 2-15, 2-16 Indicators audio processor 3-5 fault 3-8, 4-7 highband 3-5 LED 3-5, 3-7, 4-10 pilot 3-5 wideband 3-5, 5-5 Input audio connectors 2-12 composite 2-13 fault 3-8 gain switches 3-6 program fault 2-15 SCA connection 2-13 L Labels 1-9 LEDs 3-5, 4-10 Line voltage 2-2 Lock status 4-6 fault 3-8 M Metering 1-3 circuit description 4-7 Metering circuit adjustments 5-4 location 4-7 Modulation 2-11, 3-5, 5-3, 5-7, 5-8 calibration 5-5 compensator 2-6 display 3-5 percentage 3-5, 5-9 Monitor audio 2-14, 4-5
FM600 User’s Manual I-2
M (continued) Mono operation 2-12, 3-6 Motherboard circuit description 4-8 Multimeter 3-7 front panel 3-3 N Nearcast transmitter use 1-3 Networks satellite fed 1-6 terrestrial fed 1-5 Noise 1-8, 3-8 measurements 5-9 O Operating environment 1-8, 2-2 Options 1-3, 1-4,1-5, 1-6 Output power 1-7, 3-7 display 3-7 Output filter 4-15 P Part numbering 4-2 Parts spares 7-2 Performance checklist 5-7 tests 5-10 Pilot frequency 5-8 Pilot indicator 3-5 Power AC voltage selection 2-2 input 1-8, 2-2 output 1-3, 1-7, 5-8 display 3-7 output filter 4-15 RF 3-3, 3-7 RF amplifier 4-14 Power supply high voltage 4-15 low voltage 4-15 Power switch 3-4 Pre-emphasis 1-7, 4-4, 5-2, 5-7 curve 2-14, 4-4
Processing audio 1-2, 3-5 control 3-6 control setting 3-3 highband 3-5, 4-4 Program failure 2-15, 5-10 Program source 2-12, 3-6 R Receiver frequency selection 2-7 option 1-5 specifications 1-9 Reflectometer 4-15 Regulatory approvals 1-8 Remote control 1-2 Remote I/O connector 2-15 pin out 2-16 Repair warranty 7-3 RF amplifier 4-14 bias set 5-6 bandwidth 1-8, 5-8 exciter 1-3 circuit description 4-6 circuit location 1-3, 4-6 input 1-5, 2-12 output 1-2, 1-5, 1-7, 3-3, 3-7 impedance 1-7 output filter 4-15 S Safety 1-9 Satellator transmitter use 1-6 SCA 1-5 input connection 2-13 Sensitivity monaural 1-9 stereo 1-9 Separation stereo 1-7 stereo generator 5-2 Service warranty 7-3 Service instructions 7-5 Spare parts 7-2 Specifications receiver 1-9 transmitter 1-7
I-3 Index
S (continued) Stand alone transmitter use 1-4 Stereo separation 1-7, 5-9 Stereo generator 1-2, 2-13, 2-14 adjustments 5-2 bypassing 2-13 circuit description 4-4 circuit location 6-3 Subcarrier 5-10 38kHz 5-10 Suppression subcarrier 1-8 Switches carrier 3-3, 3-4, 5-5 input gain 3-6 power 3-2, 3-4 receiver 2-7 stereo-mono 3-3, 3-6 SWR 3-7 calibrate 5-5 fault 3-8 Synchronization 4-11 Synthesizer, See RF exciter T Temperature fault 3-8 operating range 1-8, 5-10 PA 3-3, 3-8 Test point voltage 3-8 Tests performance 5-7, 5-10 Time-out program input failure 2-15 Translator transmitter use 1-5 V VCO 4-6 Voltage AC selection 2-2 Voltage selection 2-2 Voltmeter display 3-8 Volts PA DC 3-3, 3-8
VSWR 1-2, 2-11 W Warranty 7-3 Weight 1-8 Wideband 3-5 X XLR connectors 2-12
FM600 User’s Manual I-4