Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great

Who was Alexander the Great?Who was Alexander the Great?

A warrior by the age of 14A warrior by the age of 14

A general by the age of 18A general by the age of 18

A king by the age of 20A king by the age of 20

Alexander’s FatherAlexander’s Father

His father was King Philip II of His father was King Philip II of MacedonMacedon

Another Picture of PhilipAnother Picture of Philip

Philip’s KingdomPhilip’s Kingdom

The PhalanxThe Phalanx

Alexander’s ChildhoodAlexander’s Childhood He was born and raised in He was born and raised in

PellaPella He died at the age of 32 in He died at the age of 32 in

323 B.C.323 B.C. Plutarch documented Plutarch documented

Alexander’s childhoodAlexander’s childhood Alexander was born in 356 Alexander was born in 356

B.C.B.C.

Alexander’s MotherAlexander’s Mother

Alexander’s mother was OlympiasAlexander’s mother was Olympias

Early Life ContinuedEarly Life Continued

Olympias worshipped serpents that Olympias worshipped serpents that represented Zeus and Dionysusrepresented Zeus and Dionysus

People went to see the oracle of Apollo in People went to see the oracle of Apollo in DelphiDelphi

Aigai was the capital of Philip’s MacedoniaAigai was the capital of Philip’s Macedonia Philip became king in 359 B.C.Philip became king in 359 B.C. Alexander read books by HomerAlexander read books by Homer At the age of 13, Alexander tamed his At the age of 13, Alexander tamed his

horse, Bucephalushorse, Bucephalus Alexander was tutored by AristotleAlexander was tutored by Aristotle

Aristotle Tutoring AlexanderAristotle Tutoring Alexander

Alexander’s HorseAlexander’s Horse

Alexander and his DadAlexander and his Dad

Alexander went to see nymphs, Alexander went to see nymphs, mythological goddesses in naturemythological goddesses in nature

Philip’s phalanx carried a 15-18 foot long Philip’s phalanx carried a 15-18 foot long pikepike

Thebes and Athens went against PhilipThebes and Athens went against Philip Alexander helped his dad at age 18 at the Alexander helped his dad at age 18 at the

Battle of Chaeronea in 338 B.C.Battle of Chaeronea in 338 B.C. They found the band of Thebes below a They found the band of Thebes below a

lionlion Philip now controlled GreecePhilip now controlled Greece

The LionThe Lion

Early AlexanderEarly Alexander

The historian, Diodorus started to The historian, Diodorus started to write about Alexander at age 18write about Alexander at age 18

Philip married Cleopatra at the age of Philip married Cleopatra at the age of 18 ( Not Egypt’s Cleopatra)18 ( Not Egypt’s Cleopatra)

Olympias was from EpirusOlympias was from Epirus Darius led the Persians against Darius led the Persians against

AlexanderAlexander Philip died in 336 B.C., Alexander Philip died in 336 B.C., Alexander

became kingbecame king

Alexander’s FamilyAlexander’s Family

Philip’s tomb was found in 1977Philip’s tomb was found in 1977 Alexander regained Greece in 6 Alexander regained Greece in 6

months after his father’s deathmonths after his father’s death Cleopatra then committed suicideCleopatra then committed suicide Age 18Age 18

Alexander’s Military CareerAlexander’s Military Career

Alexander’s goal was to conquer Alexander’s goal was to conquer Persia and AsiaPersia and Asia

Alexander had to cross the Alexander had to cross the Hellespont to get into AsiaHellespont to get into Asia

For luck, Alexander sacrificed a bull For luck, Alexander sacrificed a bull to Poseidon, God of the oceanto Poseidon, God of the ocean

Alexander’s first victory happened at Alexander’s first victory happened at the Granicus river in 334 B.C.the Granicus river in 334 B.C.

Alexander’s CareerAlexander’s Career

In Gordium, Alexander solved the In Gordium, Alexander solved the riddle of the knotriddle of the knot

In 333 B.C., Alexander won at the In 333 B.C., Alexander won at the battle of Issusbattle of Issus

Battle of IssusBattle of Issus

Alexander’s BattlesAlexander’s Battles

The weakness of the phalanx is rough The weakness of the phalanx is rough groundground

In 332 B.C., Alexander tried to capture In 332 B.C., Alexander tried to capture TyreTyre

To get to Tyre, Alexander built a mole or To get to Tyre, Alexander built a mole or causewaycauseway

To defeat Tyre, Alexander borrowed To defeat Tyre, Alexander borrowed warships from Cypruswarships from Cyprus

It took Alexander 7 months to get TyreIt took Alexander 7 months to get Tyre

Alexander in BattleAlexander in Battle

Alexander in EgyptAlexander in Egypt

Alexander went into Egypt after Tyre Alexander went into Egypt after Tyre and became a pharaohand became a pharaoh

He created Alexandria to control He created Alexandria to control world tradeworld trade

Alexander traveled the Sahara Alexander traveled the Sahara Desert for 6 weeksDesert for 6 weeks

Alexander asked an oracle three Alexander asked an oracle three questions about this life in the desertquestions about this life in the desert

The Three QuestionsThe Three Questions

1. Will I conquer the 1. Will I conquer the world?world?

2. Am I the son of Zeus?2. Am I the son of Zeus?

3. Has all of my father’s 3. Has all of my father’s murderers been murderers been punished?punished?

Alexander and the PersiansAlexander and the Persians

Alexander met the Persians at Guagamela Alexander met the Persians at Guagamela in 331 B.C.in 331 B.C.

In 326 B.C., Alexander turned to PersiaIn 326 B.C., Alexander turned to Persia The Persians used chariots armed with The Persians used chariots armed with

swords against Alexanderswords against Alexander Alexander defeated 300,000 PersiansAlexander defeated 300,000 Persians After the battle, Alexander moved to After the battle, Alexander moved to

PersepolisPersepolis Talents = 57.5 pounds Talents = 57.5 pounds

A TalentA Talent

Alexander Against the PersiansAlexander Against the Persians

Battle of GuagamelaBattle of Guagamela

Alexander and the PersiansAlexander and the Persians

Alexander executed the general Alexander executed the general Bessus by using treesBessus by using trees

Philotas met Antigone and was Philotas met Antigone and was executedexecuted

In 327 B.C., Alexander moved to In 327 B.C., Alexander moved to IndiaIndia

At age 29 Alexander married At age 29 Alexander married RoxeanneRoxeanne

Alexander and the PersiansAlexander and the Persians

In 326 B.C., King Porus used elephants In 326 B.C., King Porus used elephants against Alexanderagainst Alexander

Alexander had his lung pierced at MaliAlexander had his lung pierced at Mali In July of 324 B.C. Hepfastian died as In July of 324 B.C. Hepfastian died as

Alexander reached SusaAlexander reached Susa On June 10, 323 B.C. Alexander the Great On June 10, 323 B.C. Alexander the Great

dieddied His last words were “To the strongest”His last words were “To the strongest”

Alexander Against King PorusAlexander Against King Porus

Alexander’s DeathAlexander’s Death

Alexander died in BabylonAlexander died in Babylon His body was sent to AlexandriaHis body was sent to Alexandria Ptolemy stole Alexander’s bodyPtolemy stole Alexander’s body In 301 B.C., 3 generals first In 301 B.C., 3 generals first

divided Alexander’s empiredivided Alexander’s empire In 200 B.C., the Romans invaded In 200 B.C., the Romans invaded

MacedonMacedon

Alexander’s TombAlexander’s Tomb

Alexander’s LegacyAlexander’s Legacy

Alexander led 40,000 troopsAlexander led 40,000 troops Alexander marched over Alexander marched over

20,000 miles in 12 years20,000 miles in 12 years It took 20 rulers to run It took 20 rulers to run

Alexander’s empire after his Alexander’s empire after his deathdeath

Alexander’s EmpireAlexander’s Empire

Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great