ADV-02 DRR Strategies 1

ADV-02 DRR Strategies 1

Date: 19-09-21

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Prof. Rajib Shaw, Keio University, Japan

Ms. Sukhreet Bajwa

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(Font size- 20; Type- Times New Roman)

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Outline of the module

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02 04

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All-hazards ApproachRisk Informed Development

Whole-of-Society Approach

ADV-02 Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies-1

Disclaimer: The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this course do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part

of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

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Status of DRR Strategies

in the MENA region

Inclusive DRR

Integrated Approach

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Need for Inclusive and Integrated DRR


• SFDRR recognizes the need for DRR

practices to be inclusive and

accessible in order to be efficient and

effective.

• SFDRR highlights the integrated

approach to prevent new and reduce

existing disaster risk. It can also

address systemic risk.

• Inequalities are deeply entrenched in

structural drivers and barriers across

all economic, social, political, cultural

urban and environmental domains.

• The cross-cutting nature of DRR

requires its integration into sectoral and

development planning and practices. This

requires a whole-of-society approach to

enable integration and inclusivity.

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All-hazards Approach

• Hazards, which are one of the

components of risk, may vary in

source (natural, anthropogenic,

socio-natural) and challenge the

existing systems.

• DRR activities are usually

implemented along the same

model, regardless of the cause(WHO, 2021).

• The focus is on capacity building

to address the risk.

ADV-02 Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies-1Fig 1. All hazards approach

Maintain Operational Readiness

Set Strategic Priorities

Ensure Continuity of Operations

Risk Reduction Activities

Preparedness

Response

Recovery

Prevention & Mitigation

Floods

Earthquake

Cyclone

Tsunami

CBRN

Conflict

Droughts

Fire

Extreme

temperatures

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Whole-of- Society Approach

• Cooperation and shared responsibilitybetween local authorities, sectors andstakeholders

• Enhance meaningful participation ofdifferent stakeholders (Private,government, academia, civil society andcommunity based organizations)

• UNDRR Stakeholder EngagementMechanism

• Breaking the silo-based approach and cross-cutting sectoral planning

• SDGs Goal 17-Strenghthening Partnerships

ADV-02 Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies-1 Fig 2. Whole of society approach (WHO, 2009)

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Inclusive DRR• Inclusion is defined as the

process of improving the terms

of participation in society,

particularly for people who are

disadvantaged, through

enhancing opportunities,

access to resources, voice and

respect for rights.

• Ensures that DRR strategies are

inclusive, enabling at-risk

groups

• Inclusivity requires equitable

access to resources

Leave no-one behind (The UN Sustainable DevelopmentCooperation Framework)

• End discrimination and exclusion

• Reduce the inequalities and vulnerabilities that leave peoplebehind and undermine the potential of individuals and ofhumanity as a whole.

Human rights based approach

• Ensure participation, self-identification, transparency, privacyand accountability

• Use of data and statistics for supporting human rights norms andprinciples

‘Efforts be made to reach the furthest behind first’


Fig 3. Approaches for making DRR inclusive

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Risk-informed development Approach


Fig 4. Risk informed development approach (UNDP, 2019)

• Risk-informed development is a risk-based decision process that enables development to

become more sustainable and resilient.

• Developing risk-informed policies and guidelines- systematic assessment and management of

multiple threats to development objectives, and the trade-offs that will arise from choosing

particular actions.

• Resilient Development is Sustainable Development

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Integrated Approach

• Promotion of coherent and integrated

monitoring and reporting by line

agencies/departments

• Integration at multiple planning levels

• Alignment of sectoral priorities with Sendai

Framework and other agreements

• Integrated environmental and natural resource

management approaches that incorporate

disaster risk reduction (SFDRR)

• Develop a coordination strategy

• Communication, advocacy and partnerships

(DRR) Strategies-1 Fig 5. Bringing coherence in global frameworks

Arab State Strategy for DRR

2030 Agenda for Sustainable

Development in Arab Region

SFDRR

Implementation of integrated measures

Paris Agreement

Climate Risk Mitigation and

Adaptation, Resilient

Development

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Addis Ababa Action Agenda

Financing Sustainable

Development

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Status of DRR Strategy in MENA region


• The Arab region has reported increase in

economic loss in the past decade while at the

world level, the economic losses have

decreased.

• Further, the Arab region report an increased

disruption to basic services while at the

world level, the disruption has decreased.

• The Arab region have reported significant

decrease in number of deaths and people

affected by disasters in comparison to the

world average.Figure 6: Evaluation of progress in Target

A to D (Data from Sendai Framework

Monitor)

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Status of DRR Strategy in MENA region

• While a certain level of momentum has been building on DRR in MENA, it has not yet

been matched with the integrated approaches required to manage disaster risks

effectively.

• Decentralization of the DRR agenda is moving slowly, with countries making a

progressive shift.

• There is a need to improve community engagement and pre-planning for emergency

preparedness due to social and cultural barriers.

• Long-lasting economic challenges exist due to limitation of resources.(Al Kurdi, et al., 2021)


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Status of DRR Strategy in MENA region (contd.)


• Inclusive DRR: Need to ensure that the risk assessment process is done in a

participatory, transparent and accountable manner, with the participation of all

relevant stakeholders

• All-hazards approach: Need to include intensive and extensive risk

• Risk informed development: Need to enhance accountability for risk construction and

the transfer of risk between sectors.

• Integrated Approach: Need to integrate DRR considerations into development

strategies, thereby increasing linkages with climate change adaptation and sustainable

development initiatives

• Whole-of-Society Approach: Need to include risk-governance framework to ensure

participation from all relevant stakeholders in decision-making process.

(UNDRR ROAS)

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Legislation

National DRR strategies, while accounting for

sustainable development and CCA, should be adopted through

legislation.

National Platform

Cross-sectoral national DRR platforms with representation

from all stakeholders (government,

private, NGOs) at all levels in the

decision making process

Action Plan

Strategies should be translated into action plans with prioritization of activities and

development of a timeline

Funding

Action plan should identify the

financial needs for implementation

over the timeframe.

Capacity Building

Capacity building strategies and the

transfer of technologies to be beneficiary driven and ensure prompt,

efficient and successful

completion of the national & local,

strategies


Priorities for Implementation in MENA Region

(UNDRR ROAS)

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Thank you

ADV-02 DRR Strategies 1

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