A Water World

• Developed by Reynold Gardner– Junction City High School,

• Based off of “A Water World” by Danny McGuire, KTEH Executive Producer– http://www.pbs.org/kteh/cadillacdesert/water.html

Water…… Used for

• cities

• irrigation

• industry

• recreational

• commercial

• clean, abundant supplies of water is an assumption

Water AvailbiltyWater Availbilty

• Earth's 5.8 biEarth's 5.8 billionllion human inhabitants do not human inhabitants do not have access to a reliable, clean supply of have access to a reliable, clean supply of water. water.

• 70 percent wor70 percent world's surfaceld's surface is water is water – up to up to seseven ven miles deepmiles deep. .

– Bound to the earth would form Bound to the earth would form a sphere half thea sphere half the diameter of the moondiameter of the moon.

Isn’t Enough Water

• Water delivery systems– aqueducts, – dams – reservoirs– desalination

• Aquifers being depleted• Lakes shrinking • Wetlands taken out• Surface streams overused• Pollution limits supplies

One Gallon of H2O = Earth H2O• Available fresh water = tablespoon

• 93% seawater

• 2 percent ice-caps and glaciers

• Other Reserves – Underlie the planet's surface, but much of it is too deep to

economically tap.

Earth Allotment of H2O• 344 million Total

– 315 million cubic miles (cm) (93%) is sea water!

– 9 million cm (2.5%) aquifers below the earth's surface

– 7 million cm (2%) frozen in polar ice caps

– 53,000 cm lakes and streams

– 4,000 cm atmospheric moisture

– 3,400 cm in the bodies of living things

Population

• Increases, demand for fresh, safe water.

• U.S. Water Consumption– 1980 330 million gallons a day

– 1990 408 million gallons a day in

Water management

• Focused on manipulating supplies of freshwater

• ”Supply management" approach

• Resulted in the building of large dams and Transfer systems

• Municipal water supply to irrigation.

Water management

• Increasing development costs

• Capital shortages,

• government fiscal restraint,

• diminishing water supply,

• polluted water,

• growing concern for the environment

Water management

• Rethink traditional approaches

• Experiment with new ideas of management.

• Western United States we are in transition...

• Era of water-supply development,

• To an era of water-demand management and conservation.

Water management

• Future will be centered on optimizing the use of existing surface-water projects

• Rather than on the further development of large storage reservoirs.

• More efficient water application techniques.

• Developing water conservation measures such as lining irrigation canals and installing more efficient plumbing fixtures in homes and office buildings.

Agriculture

• Bulk of U.S. water use. • Average American consumes 1,500 pounds of

food each year. • 1,000 gallons of water are required to grow and

process each pound of food.• 1.5 million gallons of water is invested in the

food eaten by just one person. • 200,000-cubic-feet-plus of water-per-person

would be enough to cover a football field four feet deep.

Industry

• 2nd Largest User of Water

• 28 billion gallons of fresh water used everyday

• Seven trillion gallons per year--to make the products that are part of our everyday life:

Industry

• 50,000 gallons are required to produce the rayon for an average living room carpet;

• 40,000 gallons to produce steel for one automobile; 518 gallons for one tire;

• 1,500 gallons to process a barrel of beer; • 100 gallons to make a pound of cotton; • 55 gallons to make one pound of synthetic rubber; • 24 gallons to make one pound of plastic.

Inadequate supplies of water

• Conflicting plans for use

• Should our limited water supply be used to vitalize a large city, or would it be more productive if used to grow a crop?

• Should it be left in the stream for the convenience of fish and fishermen?

• Or would it play a more vital role if used to slurry coal down a pipeline?

Inadequate supplies of water

• Should water-rich areas (such as the Pacific Northwest) sell water to water-short areas (such as the Southwest) via long-distance diversions?

• Which should be sacrificed, water quality--or jobs? Such questions have too often been answered with convenience and short-term gain as the determining factors.