A PRESENTATION ON FUSING MACHINES

Presented To : Presented By : Jury Panel Kunal Kashyap

Roll No. 11 DFT - IV

FUSING AND FUSING PROCESS

Fusing is essentially a method of joining two textile surfaces by the means of thermoplastic adhesive resins.

The fusible interlining consists of a base fabric which carries on its surface a thermoplastic adhesive resin, usually in the form of small dots, which melts when heated to a specific temperature.

On application of heat and pressure the resin, laid onto the garment part, will flow into the fabric of the garment thus attaching the interlining permanently.

BASIC PURPOSE OF FUSING

• Provide shape to the part

• Support to the part

• Stabilization

• Reinforcement

• Hand

• Improved performance for garments

• Produces and retains desired aesthetic requirements

FACTORS CONTROLLING FUSING PROCESS

The entire fusing process is controlled and determined by four major factors which are -

• Temperature – It depends upon the type of fabric to be fused and nature of resin.

• Pressure – For controlled and even penetration of the resin into the fibers of the top cloth. Low or high temperature can cause ‘strike back’ and ‘strike through’.

• Time – It strictly depends on the type of fabric and resin used.• Cooling – Cooling is important for proper setting of resin and

fabric.

FACTORS CONTROLLING…

TYPES OF FUSING MACHINES

There are prominently three types of fusing machines that are widely used

• Flat Bed Fusing machines

• Continuous Fusing machines

• High Frequency Fusing machines

FLATBED FUSING MACHINES

This is a static method whereby the assembly is fed or positioned onto the bottom plate and the head or the top plate is closed over it.

• It consists of two horizontal metal platens.• Top platen is unpadded but the bottom one has resilient cover of

silicone rubber.• Heat is provided by electric elements, can be on top or on both

platens.• Pressure is applied mechanically or hydraulically.

FLATBED…

Flatbed fusing machines are further categorized as – 1. Vertical Action Closer

2. Scissor Action Closer

Vertical action machine is consideredMore preferable due to its ability toPut uniform pressure throughout.

Vertical action

Scissor action

ADVANTAGES OF FLATBED MACHINES

• simple version, less complex thus easy to operate.

• small size and relatively low cost allow their use by small clothing

manufacturer.

• Fabric shrinkage is reduced since the fabric is held under pressure

throughout the fusing cycle.

FLATBED FUSING MACHINE (NIFT G’NAGAR)

Specifications :Company – HashimaModel – HP-124APMax. Pressure – 210g/cm2Voltage – 200 VCurrent – 22.5 APower – 4500 WMotor Output – 400 WHeater Power – 3650 WDimensions of Plate – 1200 x 400 mmPrice - $ 5,940.24

SOME MODELS OF FLATBED MACHINE

Specifications :Company – J. Braithwaite & Co. Ltd.Model No – N2AA• 120 x 50cm Large Heated Area• Adjustable Pressure• 20 to 200 C Temp. Range• 1 to 30 sec. Time Range• Table Top Mounted• Price - $ 1190

CONTINUOUS FUSING MACHINES

• This type of machine has an endless conveyer system for transporting the assemblies successfully through the heating, pressure and cooling stages.

• In this system garment is passed through a heat source simultaneously or subsequently applying pressure.

WORKING OF CONTINUOUS FUSING M/CHeating Mechanism – The heating systems generally used for continuous fusing presses are as follows:

Heating Plates – These consist of two heating surfaces, positioned apart, with one above the conveyor belt and one below the conveyor belt. Both have separate temperature control profile.

Cylinder Heating - The cylinder consists of two parts, the inner cylinder, a stationary assembly in which the heating element are mounted; the outer cylinder, which rotates around the inner cylinder. This principle ensures that the heat generated by the inner core is evenly distributed all over the cylinder mantle

WORKING CONTD..

Pressure Mechanism :Pressure is applied continuously and evenly throughout the entire process once feeded into the machine but that pressure is just only sufficient to hold the fabric and fusing together and to prevent slipping.Actual pressure is applied at the outlet point where drums put heavy pressure on just heated fusible piece.Time Mechanism : Fusing time depends on the speed on the conveyor belt, the faster the belt runs, the shorter the time. All machines have a belt speed controller which can be adjusted to give various dwell times in the heated zone.

FEATURES OF CONTINUOUS FUSING M/C

• Completely closed chamber, no heat loss. • Horizontal fusing area, no distortion of unstable fabrics • Gradual heating of composite, no heat shock• Costliest fusing mechanism. • The interlining composite travels through the fusing zone,

chances of distortion during feeding • Rubberised top pressure roller ensures better and area of contact.

A MODEL OF CONTINUOUS FUSING M/C ASTEX MODEL 5200SC Continuous Fusing Machine : Specifications :

Model 5240SC

Belt Width 39"

Machine Width 56"

Machine Length 165"

Max. Temperature 200 C

Pressure 8.0 Kg/cm2

Belt Speed 14 m/min.

HIGH PRESSURE FUSING MACHINES

• It is used for multiple layers of fabric and interlining. The alternating waves from a high frequency generator are absorbed by material, which generate friction heat between the molecules and thus distribute resin uniformly.

• Maximum height of fabric: 70mm• Example : for 30 kw unit, • operating time is 1-3 mins • load is 5-20 kg.

WORKING OF HIGH FREQUENCY FUSING MACHINES

This machine contains a electric frequency generator which generates electric frequency which is later uniformly gets absorbed by fabric through platens. The alternating waves from a high frequency generator are absorbed by certain types of polymer present as resin in the fusible interlining. The fusible adhesive material heats up much faster than either the interlining base fabric or the garment fabric. This results in bonding at the glue line without excessive heat being generated in the fabric. The time required to generate the heat depends on the capacity of the high frequency unit and the weight of the load to be fused.

WORKING OF HIGH..

Advantages of High Frequency Fusing Machine :• Multiple plies of garment and interlining can be stacked up to 70

mm high.• Less pressure is needed than with conventional fusing presses.

Disadvantage of High Frequency Fusing Machine :• Moisture content should be correct, otherwise layer can be over

fused or under fused.

A MODEL OF HIGH FREQUENCY FUSING MACHINE

ASTEX 202T High Pressure Fusing Machine :

Specifications :

Model No – 202TMachine width – 56”Machine Length – 58”Machine Height – 93”Volts – 220 VAmpere – 20 APlaten Pressure – 2 kg/cm2Platen Size – 26”X 36”Price - $ 23917.47

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books :1. Technology of Clothing Manufacture by Carr & Latham2. Fusing Technology by Gerry Cooklin3. Apparel Manufacturing And Costing by J. Solinger

Websites : 4. www.macpi.com5. www.veit.com6. www.astex.com

THANK YOU..