100861446 Superconducting Rotating Machines Presentation

7/29/2019 100861446 Superconducting Rotating Machines Presentation

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SUPERCONDUCTINGROTATING MACHINES

By-

ADITYA NANDAN

0909120009

Date: 28-03-2012


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CONTENTS

Introduction

High Temperature Superconducting Wire

HTS Machines

Advantages & Disadvantages

Benefits

HTS Machine Application

Future Enhancements

Conclusion

References


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INTRODUCTION

The higher current density achievable in many superconductingmaterials tends to make them smaller compared with non-

superconducting machines with the same power density.

These machines employed LTS wire made up of a niobium-titanium(NbTi) alloy.

High-temperature superconductors become superconducting at

more easily obtainable liquid nitrogen temperatures.

HTS-based motors and generators will be smaller, lighter, more

efficient, and less expensive to manufacture and operate than

conventional machines.


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HTS WIRE STATUS High temperature superconductor

bismuth strontium calcium copperoxide (BSCCO-2223) manufacturedcommercially by Americansuperconductor (AMSC).

It is able to carry more than 140-times the electrical current of copperwire of the same cross section, and isrobust enough to meet commercial

requirements

However, a newer yttrium bariumcopper oxide (YBCO)superconductor has been developed .

HTS Wire


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Property BSCCO (now) YBCO (now) YBCO (nearterm)

Cost( Relative) 16-20 50-100 3-5

Operating

Temp

22 - 35 K 45 - 55 K 6070 K

Current

Density

717 kA/cm2 829 kA/cm2 1550 kA/cm2

Tensile Strain 0.10 - 0.40% 0.30 - 0.45% 0.30 - 0.60%

Length Up to 1.5 km Up to 600 m 11.5 km

COMPARISON OF BSCCO WIRE AND YBCO WIRE

Where, (Relative) based on $/kA-m.


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HTS MACHINES The major components of a

rotating machine employingHTS winding

Only the field winding employsHTS cooled with a cryocoolersubsystem to about 35-40K

The cryocooler modules arelocated in a stationary frame

and a gas, such as helium, isemployed to cool componentson the rotor.

Air-Core Machine


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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Advantages:

Reduced resistive losses but only in the rotor electromagnet.

Reduced size and weight per power capacity without consideringthe refrigeration equipment.

Disadvantages:

The cost, size, weight and complications of the cooling system.

Motor bearings need to be able to withstand cold or need to beinsulated from the cold rotor.


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BENEFITS OF USING SUPERCONDUCTING

MACHINES Lower operating costs

Less vibration and noise

Smaller size and weight

Increased stability

Rotating armature of the motor


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HTS MACHINE APPLICATION

HTS alternating current (AC)synchronous motors provide a

very attractive alternative:

Greater than 98% efficiency

across a wide range of ship

operating profiles, which can

lower fuel consumption and

ship operating costs

Inherently quiet with lowweight rotors, no iron teeth.

Ship Electrical System component

Market Potential :Electric

marine propulsion is a marketof approximately $250 millionthat is growing strongly .


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FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

New technology in the form of a

litz-wire bar

This could contribute to an

overall performance

improvement, especially inefficiency (expected 0.1...0.3%).

Litz wire made out of many

thinner isolated

Superconducting wires.

Litz wire is more concentrated

for high frequency applicationswhere the skin effect is morepronounced.

LITZ-Wire Bar


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CONCLUSION

Todays motors are fundamentally similar to the electric motorsdesigned over a century ago.

The motor manufacturing industry has seen only incrementalimprovement in product design over the past years.

The advent of high temperature superconductivity has created theopportunity in the technology of motors.

The cost, size, weight and efficiency benefits of superconducting

machines will significantly change the dynamics of the motormanufacturing industry and the motor user market .


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REFERENCES

S. S. Kalsi, Development status of superconducting rotatingmachines, presented at the IEEE PES Meeting New York, Jan. 27

31, 2002

Testing of a Superconducting Rotating Machine, IEEE

Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 17, No. 1, March

2007.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/superconducting_electric_machine


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100861446 Superconducting Rotating Machines Presentation

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