A Pilgrim People

The Story of Our Church

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www.cainaweb.org

Early Church Growth & Threats (30-312 AD)

Controversies and Councils (313-450 AD)

Rise of Christendom (450-1050 AD)

High Medieval Church (1050-1300 AD)

Renaissance to Reformation (1300-1600 AD)

Worldwide Growth (<1500-1900 AD)

Revolution to Renewal (1600-2000 AD)

Opening Prayer

Part 6 – Worldwide

Growth

Christianity in Africa

Christianity entered Africa through Egypt

First Egyptian converts came from large

Jewish community in Alexandria

New faith soon spread throughout Egyptian

society

Egypt and Alexandria theological centers of

the early Christian Church

Christianity in Egypt

In Egypt was some of the greatest defiance of

the Romans by Christians

Diocletian was particularly brutal

In 306 A.D. something happened that would

change the destiny of Christianity forever

Maximinus still carried out persecutions

against Christians in Egypt before he was

defeated by Licinius.

Christianity in Egypt

Egypt regarded by many Christians,

regardless of denomination, as the home of

Christian monasticism

Monasticism started by St. Anthony of Egypt

Relationships between Egyptian churches

and Constantinople were strained

Coptic Orthodox Church

Christianity in Egypt

Christianity in Ethiopia

St. Frumentius, Abuna Salama

Nine Monks from the East

Lalibela & the Rock Churches

The Modern Church & Contact

with the West

Ark of the Covenant

Christianity in Ethiopia

Cathedral

of St. Mary

of Zion,

Ethiopia…

today

Ark of the

Covenant

here?

Christianity in Ethiopia

Papal Treaty of Tordesillas

declared that non-European world

from mid-Atlantic

– East belonged to Portugal

– West belonged to Spain

Pope’s gift was conditional on

their converting natives to

Christianity

Columbus discovers New World

Age of Exploration

Age of Exploration

Catholic Missionaries

Catholic

Priests with

Spanish,

Portuguese

& French

Explorers

Spread Faith

Conquistadores:

– “Conquerors” Spanish soldiers who first

came to the Americas

Goals of Spanish explorers:

– God

– Glory

– Gold

Sometimes goals got confused

Spanish in Latin America

Video Clip CH6-1

Latin American Catholicism

Despite facing hardship, many

native people adopted the faith

of their conquerors

St. Rose of Lima (1586-1617)

– Daughter of Spanish settlers

in Lima, Peru

– Spent her life in service of

the poor

– First American declared a

saint

Latin American Catholicism

Our Lady of Guadalupe

– Mary’s apparition to St.

Juan Diego in 1531

– Patroness of the Americas

North American Colonies

13 British colonies

– Mostly founded

by Protestants

escaping

religious

persecution in

Europe

16th - 18th Centuries

Video Clip CH6-2

North American Colonies

From the beginning,

religion, especially

evangelical Christianity,

very strong in 13 colonies

– 1700s Great Awakening

17th - 18th

Centuries

Video Clip CH6-3

North American Colonies

Maryland only colony friendly to Catholics

Act of Toleration of 1649

– Decree by colonial government granting

freedom of religion in Maryland

In time, Puritans overtake the colony and ban

Catholic worship and education

– Remained in effect until just before the

American Revolution

Video Clip CH6-4

Discussion Question

John Adams, the second U.S. President,

warned in 1798 that, “Our Constitution was

made only for a moral and religious people.

It is wholly inadequate to the government of

any other.”

Can the “separation of church and state” be

taken too far, such as when all government

support of religious expression is removed

and thereby the existence of the democratic

government itself becomes endangered?

Eastern part of ancient world accessible to travelers in the 1st century A.D.

The silk road,

Persian royal

road, Roman

roads, and

shipping routes

combined to form

extensive

interregional

networks of

exchange in

Afroeurasia

Early Christianity in India

As per tradition, Thomas landed at

Cragnore (on Malabar coast)

– Healed sick and demon-possessed

– Converted local Jews & people from

various castes

– Established 7 congregations on Malabar

coast

– Thomas martyred at what’s now

called St. Thomas Mount in 72 A.D.

St. Thomas Christians

Roman Catholic connection with

Indian Christians began with

Franciscan Fr. John of Monte

Corvino

– On his way to China stayed in

India for 13 months

– Visited St. Thomas’ tomb and

baptized around 100 persons

Early Christianity in India

Influence of R.C. Church on Malabar

Church began with Vasco de Gamma

– Arrived in Calicut

– Returned & landed in Cochin

Christian leaders asked for an

alliance against Muslim predators

Portuguese established their first

Indian settlement in Cochin

– But moved to Goa for political

reasons

Portuguese in India

Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier

came to Goa

– Taught Apostles' Creed, Lord's

Prayer, & Ten Commandments to

Paravars

– Baptized 10,000 in a single month

Many converts in India, Ceylon (Sri

Lanka), Malacca and Japan

Portuguese in India

Video Clip CH6-5

On way to China, Francis Xavier died

– Mortal remains brought to Goa

– Body incorrupt & exposed on

special occasions for veneration

Portuguese in India

KERALA (St. Thomas Christians)

– Initial friendly relations soured due

to interference in internal affairs of

ancient Church

– Portuguese believed that they

came under Padroado

Tried to cut-off their age-old relations

with the Persian Church

Continuous conflict with bishops of

St. Thomas Christians

Portuguese in India

Alexis de Menezes, a powerful RC

Archbishop arrived in Goa

Convened Synod of Diamper at

Udayamperoor (Kerala) intending

– Destruction of errors & heresies

Purged books of false doctrines

– To bring Syrian Church under

Portuguese Padroada

– Perfect union of Syrian church

with whole Catholic church

Portuguese in India

Results of actions taken after Synods

Ancient Church

– Thoroughly Latinized

Traditional customs and practices

changed

– Severed centuries old relations

with Persian Church

– Corrected many abuses prevalent

Since they were imitations of some

Hindu practices

Portuguese in India

St. Thomas Christians

Present St. Thomas Christian Groups (in Karala)

West Syriac (Antiochian) East Syriac

(Chaldean)

Oriental

Orthodox-

Reformed

Oriental Orthodox

(aligned with Eastern Orthodox)

Eastern Catholic

(loyal to Pope)

Assyrian

Church of

the East

Mar

Thoma

Church

(Anglican)

Malabar

Indepen-

dent

Syrian

Church

Indian

Orthodox

Church

Jacobite

Syrian

Orthodox

Church

Syro-

Malankara

Catholic

Church

Syro-

Malabar

Catholic

Church

Chaldean

Syrian

Church

Christianity in the Philippines

16th - 20th

Centuries

Barangay basic social unit

A Datu ruled a Barangay

Other parts of the

archipelago ruled by a

Sultan (Islamic)

Islamic influence spread

over southern part of the

archipelago

– Including Visayan areas

and Manila

Pre-Spanish Era

Ferdinand Magellan

first Roman Catholic

to arrive in the

Philippines in 1521

– Mass held when

they arrived

1565 – Augustinian

missionaries arrived

1577 – Franciscan

missionaries arrived

Spread of Catholicism

1581 – Jesuit

missionaries arrived

1587 – Dominican

missionaries arrived

1611 – Dominicans

established 1st

Catholic University

– University of Santo

Tomas

– “Roman Pontifical

University”

Spread of Catholicism

Baclayon Church, 1595

Early Churches

San Agustin Church, 1571

Aglipayan Movement

Iglesia Ni Cristo

Jesus Is Lord Movement

Jesus Miracle Crusade

Dating Daan

Nationalized Christian Denominations

El Shaddai

Shalom

Charismatic Movements

– Life-in-the-Spirit Seminar

– Couples-For-Christ

– Youth-For-Christ

– Singles-For-Christ

Ecumenical Movements

20th

Century

Population by Religion

84%

6%

4%

4%

2%

Non-western Indigenous Religions

Muslims

Protestant Denominations

Nationalized Christian Cults

Roman Catholics

Religion in Philippines

Began in fifteenth century

Who was there first?

Visit of Diego Cam, a

Portuguese explorer, in 1484

Great revival in the 1840s

Sub-Sahara Africa Christianity

15th - 19th

Centuries

Christian Churches in South

Africa

Afrikaner Christians

– Cape Folk (Cape Coloured)

Christians

The Xhosa

The English

The Zulu

Church in South Africa

17th - 19th

Centuries

Video Clip CH6-6

Discussion Question

What did you learn today

that you found most

relevant and interesting?

Closing Prayer

Early Church Growth & Threats (30-312 AD)

Controversies and Councils (313-450 AD)

Rise of Christendom (450-1050 AD)

High Medieval Church (1050-1300 AD)

Renaissance to Reformation (1300-1600 AD)

Worldwide Growth (<1500-1900 AD)

Revolution to Renewal (1600-2000 AD)