Orthopedics Mnemonics [www.medicalgeek.com – Vitrag24]

Bone fracture types [for Star Wars fans]

GO C3PO:

Greenstick

Open

Complete/ Closed/ Comminuted

Partial

Others

· Note: C3P0 is droid in the Star-Wars movies.

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Pagets disease of bone: signs and symptoms

PANICS:

Pain

Arthralgia

Nerve compression / Neural deafness

Increased bone density

Cardiac failure

Skull / Sclerotic vertebrae

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Fracture: how to describe

PLASTER OF PARIS:

Plane

Location

Articular cartilage involvement

Simple or comminuted

Type (eg Colles')

Extent

Reason

Open or closed

Foreign bodies

disPlacement

Angulation

Rotation

Impaction

Shortening

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Fractures: principles of management

FRIAR:

First aid

Reduction

Immobilisation

Active Rehabilitation

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Forearm fractures: bone in Monteggia vs. Galeazzi

Monteggia - M for medial side therefore fracture of ulna..

Therefore, Galeazzi is fracture of radius

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Salter Harris fracture classification

Salter Harris, modified to SALTR:type 1: Slipped epiphysis

type 2: Above the eiphyseal plate

type 3: Lower than the eiphyseal plate

type 4: Through both above and below eiphyseal plate

type 5: Raised epiphysis, as in a compression injury· Salter Harris classification utilises

visualising long bone distal portion with diaphysis superiorly placed and epiphysis

inferiorly placed.

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Carpal tunnel syndrome: treatment

WRIST:

Wear splints at night

Rest

Inject steroid

Surgical decompression

Take diuretics

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Monoarthritis differential

GHOST:

Gout

Haemarthrosis

Osteoarthritis

Sepsis

Trauma

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Bryant's traction: position

BrYant's traction:

Bent Y.

· Patient's body is the stem of the Y laying on the bed, and legs are the ends of the Y up

in the air.

Osteosarcoma: risk factors

PRIMARY:

Paget's

Radiation

Infaction of bone

Male

Alcohol, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle [adults only]

Retinoblastoma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Young [10-20 yrs]

· Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone.

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Sacroiliitis: causes

PUB CAR:

Psoriasis

Ulcerative colitis

Behcet's disease

Crohn's disease

Ankylosing spondylitis

Reiter's disease

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Fracture: description

BLT LARD:

Bone

Location on bone

Type of fracture

Lengthening

Angulation

Rotation

Displacement

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Nonunion of bones: differential

You need a SPLINT:

Soft tissue interposition

Position of reduction (too much traction, immobilization, or movement)

Location (eg. lower third of tibia slow to heal)

Infection

Nutritional (damaged vessels or diseased bone)

Tumor (pathological fracture)

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Joints classification, by amount of allowed movement at joint

SAD:

Synarthroses

Amphiarthroses

Diarthroses

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Fracture: describing (short version)

DOCTOR:

Displaced vs. non-displaced

Open vs. closed

Complete vs. incomplete

Transverse fracture vs. linear fracture

Open Reduction vs. closed reduction

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Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV, clubfoot): major physical findings

CAVE:

Cavus

Adduction

Varus

Equinus

Chronic osteomyelitis

chronic osteomyelitis is secondary to (BAG)

B: Brodie's abscess

A: acurte osteomyelitis

G: Garre's osteomyelitis

Complications of chronic osteomyelitis

PASS

P-Pathological #

A-Amyloidosis

S-Squamous cell carcinoma

S-Septicaemia

Treatment of it includes (SAC)

S: seqestrectomy and saucerisation

A: agressive aproach ie excision of infected part and amputation

C: curettage and continuous suction and irrigation.

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Indications of amputation

3D's

1D: Dying bone or Diseased bone:= peripheral vascular disease, infection, trauma.

2D: Dangerous:= lethal sepsis, malignant.

3d: Disorder or Damn nuisance:= gas gangrene, crush synrome, severe malformation.

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BONE TUMOURS OF DIAPHYSIS

A LEMON

A-ADMANTINOMA

L-LYMPHOMA

E- EWING SARCOMA

M-MULTIPLE MYELOMA

O-OSTEOID OSTEOMA

N-NEUROBLASTOMA

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Bone Ache

Tomato Paste Mixture Is Nasty

Tomato …….TUMOR (mostly secondary)

Paste………..PAGET’S DISEASE

Mixture……..METABOLIC CAUSES

Is……………chronic INFECTIONS

Nasty………..osteo-NECROSIS

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Conditions producing true locking of the knee-joint

MLTR

m-medial meniscus tear

l-loose bodies

t-tibial spine #

r-recurrent dislocation of patella

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Signs in limb distal to # site

5 P's

P-Pallor

P-Pulselessnes

P-Pain

P-Paraesthesias

P-Paralysis

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Wedge Fracture

MINT

Metabolic-Osteoporosis

Infective-Tuberculosis

Neoplastic-Myeloma

Trauma

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Round cell tumors of bone

ROME

R: reticulum cell sarcoma

O: osteosarcoma

M: Metastatic neuroblastoma

E: Ewing's sarcoma

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Ossification centers of the elbow

CRITOE

C - Capitellum

R - Radial head

I - Internal (medial epicondyle)

T - Trochlea

O - Olecranon

E - External (lateral epicondyle)

These appear at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 years of age in order and go

away two years later.

Another:-

"Come Rub My Tree Of Love" where the "M" is medial epicondyle and the "L" is the

lateral epicondyle.

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INDICATIONS OF OPEN REDUCTION ARE

NO CAST

Non union

Open fracture

Compromise neurovascular

Aarticular fracture

Salter harris III IV V

Trauma

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NAIL PATELLA SYNDROME

''JOSH PERSON'' has NPS

J- Joints overextension

O- Osteo onycho dysplasia (alternate term)

S- Spurs on posterior iliac bone

H- Hyperhydrosis

P- Patella absent or hypoplastic -->knee instability

E- Elbow abnormality -->subluxation of radial head laterally

R- Renal anamoly--> nephritis

S- Skin laxity

O- Ocular affections

N- Nail dysplasia--> from little finger to thumb progressively more damaged (triangular

or pyramidal lunules)

Maffucci syndrome

BOSE

b= brain gliomas ( increased risk)

o= ovarian carcinomas ( increased risk)

s=soft tissue hemangiomas

e= enchondromatosis

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Lytic bone lesions

FOG MACHINES

F : Fiborus dysplasia

O : Osteoblastoma

G: GCT

M : Multiple myeloma / mets

A : Aneurysmal bone cyst

C: Chondroblastoma

H : Hyperparathyroidism/hemangioma

I : Infections

N : NOF

E : Eosinophilic granuloma / enchondroma

S : Simple bone cyst

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Growing ends

towards the knee(distal end femur ,upper end tibia),we flee.

away from elbow(upper end humerus,distal end radius &ulna),we go.

reverse is true for the direction of nutrient artery: towards elbow,away frm knee

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Diaphyseal lesion

FEMALE

Fibrous dysplasia

E osinophilic Granuloma

M etastasis

A damantinoma

L eukemia,Lymphoma

E wing's Sarcoma

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