Name: ____________________________________________

1) In order to survive, all organismsmust carry outA) heterotrophic nutritionB) enzyme-controlled reactionsC) autotrophic nutritionD) the process of locomotion

2)

Structure C in the given diagram ispart of which body system?A) reproductiveB) circulatoryC) digestiveD) nervous

3) The diagram below represents part of a humanreproductive system.

One of the functions of this part of the system is toA) produce specialized proteins used in the production

and release of spermB) provide a structure that allows the mixing of

maternal and fetal bloodC) supply essential nutrients to the offspring in the

form of milkD) provide nutritional support for the embryo

4) The human female reproductive system is represented inthe diagram below.

Production of gametes and support of the fetus normallyoccur in which structures?A) 4 and 5B) 2 and 4

C) 3 and 5D) 1 and 2

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5) A reproductive system isrepresented in the diagram below.

If an injury occurred to thestructure labeled A, the most likelyresult would be a problem withA) production of gametesB) excretion of urineC) delivery of spermD) production of hormones

6)

Which lettered part on the given microscope image shouldbe used to focus the image while using high power?

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7) Which order of metabolic processesconverts nutrients consumed by anorganism into cell parts?A) digestion �‚ absorption �‚

circulation �‚ diffusion �‚synthesis

B) synthesis �‚ absorption �‚digestion �‚ diffusion �‚circulation

C) absorption �‚ circulation �‚digestion �‚ diffusion �‚synthesis

D) digestion �‚ synthesis �‚diffusion �‚ circulation �‚absorption

8) The diagram below shows a portionof a graduated cylinder.

What is the volume of the liquid inthis cylinder?A) 26 mLB) 25 mL

C) 22 mLD) 24 mL

9) Why do scientists consider anyhypothesis valuable?A) A hypothesis requires no

further investigation.B) A hypothesis may lead to

further investigation even if itis disproved by the experiment.

C) A hypothesis requires nofurther investigation if it isproved by the experiment.

D) A hypothesis can be used toexplain a conclusion even if itis disproved by the experiment.

10) The human reproductive system isregulated byA) hormonesB) restriction enzymesC) complex carbohydratesD) antigens

11) Hormones and secretions of thenervous system are chemicalmessengers thatA) extract energy from nutrientsB) store genetic informationC) coordinate system interactionsD) carry out the circulation of

materials

12) An investigation was designed todetermine the effect of ultravioletlight on mold spore growth. Twogroups of mold spores were grownunder identical conditions, exceptone group was exposed only toultraviolet light, while the othergroup was grown in total darkness.In this investigation, the group ofmold spores grown withoutreceiving any ultraviolet light isknown as theA) hypothesisB) controlC) limiting factorD) dependent variable

13) The current knowledge concerningcells is the result of theinvestigations and observations ofmany scientists. The work of thesescientists forms a well-acceptedbody of knowledge about cells. Thisbody of knowledge is an example ofaA) hypothesisB) controlled experimentC) theoryD) research plan

14) A coverslip should be used forpreparing aA) wet mount of elodea (a simple

plant)B) test to determine the pH of a

solutionC) frog for dissectionD) solution of iodine for food

testing

15) Muscle cells in athletes often havemore mitochondria than muscle cellsin nonathletes. Based on thisobservation, it can be inferred thatthe muscle cells in athletesA) reproduce less frequently than

the muscle cells of nonathletesB) have nuclei containing more

DNA than nuclei in the musclecells of nonathletes

C) have a smaller demand for cellproteins than the muscle cellsof nonathletes

D) have a greater demand forenergy than the muscle cells ofnonathletes

16) Vaccinations help prepare the bodyto fight invasions of a specificpathogen byA) inhibiting antigen productionB) stimulating red blood cell

productionC) inhibiting white blood cell

productionD) stimulating antibody production

17) Which statement best describescellular respiration?A) It uses carbon dioxide and

produces oxygen.B) It converts energy in food into

a more usable form.C) It occurs in animal cells, but

not in plant cells.D) It stores energy in food

molecules.

18) The production of energy-rich ATPmolecules is the direct result ofA) copying coded information

during the process of proteinsynthesis

B) breaking down starch by theprocess of digestion

C) releasing the stored energy oforganic compounds by theprocess of respiration

D) recycling light energy to beused in the process ofphotosynthesis

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19) Antibody molecules and receptormolecules are similar in that theybothA) speed up chemical reactions in

cellsB) control transport through the

cell membraneC) remove wastes from the bodyD) have a specific shape related

to their specific function

20) After a hormone enters thebloodstream, it is transportedthroughout the body, but thehormone affects only certain cells.The reason only certain cells areaffected is that the membranes ofthese cells have specificA) receptorsB) carbohydratesC) antibodiesD) tissues

21) What is the volume of the liquid inthe graduated cylindershown below?

A) 23 mLB) 26 mL

C) 27 mLD) 28 mL

22) Which substances are found on cellsurfaces and respond to nerve andhormone signals?A) receptor moleculesB) subunits of DNAC) starches and simple sugarsD) vitamins and minerals

23) Which activity is not a function ofwhite blood cells in response to aninvasion of the body by bacteria?A) preparing for future invasions

of this type of bacteriaB) engulfing these bacteriaC) speeding transmissions of

nerve impulses to detect thesebacteria

D) producing antibodies to actagainst this type of bacteria

24) All cells of an organism are engagedin many different chemicalreactions. This fact is bestsupported by the presence in eachcell of thousands of different kindsofA) chloroplastsB) organellesC) nucleiD) enzymes

25) Which reproductive structure iscorrectly paired with its function?A) uterus ‡‡ usual site of

fertilizationB) sperm ‡‡ transports genetic

materialC) ovary ‡‡ delivers nutrients to

the embryoD) testis ‡‡ usual location for

egg development

26) In plants, simple sugars are leastlikely to beA) used as a source of energyB) stored in the form of starch

moleculesC) linked together to form

proteinsD) broken down into carbon

dioxide and water

27) Estrogen has a direct effect on theA) formation of a zygoteB) changes within the uterusC) development of a placenta

within the ovaryD) movement of an egg toward the

sperm

28) Which statement describes thereproductive system of a humanmale?A) It produces gametes that

transport food for embryoformation.

B) It synthesizes progesteronethat regulates spermformation.

C) It releases sperm that can beused only in externalfertilization.

D) It shares some structureswith the excretory system.

29) Which statement describing thecells in a body system is correct?A) Each cell in the system is

different from the other cellsin the system, and each cellworks independently of theother cells.

B) All cells in the system areidentical to each other andwork together.

C) Some cells in the system maybe different from the othercells in the system, but allcells are coordinated and worktogether.

D) Each cell in the system isidentical to the other cells inthe system, and each cell worksindependently of the othercells.

30) Which statement best describes ascientific theory?A) It is a scientific fact that no

longer requires any evidence tosupport it.

B) It is a general statement thatis supported by many scientificobservations.

C) It is a collection of datadesigned to provide support fora prediction.

D) It is an educated guess thatcan be tested byexperimentation.

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31) A scientist is planning to carry outan experiment on the effect ofheat on the function of a certainenzyme. Which would not be anappropriate first step?A) using what is already known

about the enzymeB) doing research in a libraryC) having discussions with other

scientistsD) completing a data table of

expected results

32) Which sequence represents thecorrect order of levels oforganization found in a complexorganism?A) organelles �‚ cells �‚

tissues �‚ organs �‚ organsystems

B) organs �‚ organ systems �‚cells �‚ tissues �‚ organelles

C) tissues �‚ organs �‚ organsystems �‚ organelles �‚ cells

D) cells �‚ organelles �‚organs �‚ organ systems �‚tissues

33) An experimental design includedreferences from prior experiments,materials and equipment, and step-by-step procedures. What elseshould be included before theexperiment can be started?A) a conclusion based on dataB) a set of dataC) safety precautions to be usedD) an inference based on results

34) Which transplant method wouldprevent the rejection of tissueafter an organ transplant?A) using organs cloned from the

cells of the patientB) using an organ donated by a

close relative because theproteins will always beidentical to those of therecipient

C) using organs produced bygenetic engineering to get ridof all proteins in the donatedorgans

D) using organs only from pigs ormonkeys

35) The reproductive cycle of a humanis usually regulated byA) hormonesB) gametesC) natural selectionD) immune responses

36) Which of the following groupscontain only molecules that areeach assembled from smallerorganic compounds?A) proteins, water, DNA, fatsB) proteins, DNA, fats, starchC) proteins, carbon dioxide, DNA,

starchD) proteins, starch, carbon

dioxide, water

37) A small piece of black paper wasfolded in half and used to coverpart of the top and bottom portionsof a leaf on a living geranium plant.After the plant was kept insunlight for several days, the paperwas removed. The leaf was thenboiled in alcohol to remove thechlorophyll and placed in Lugol'siodine solution, which turns blue-black in the presence of starch.Only the part of the leaf that hadnot been covered turned blue-black.

This investigation was most likelytesting the hypothesis thatA) light is necessary for

photosynthesis to occurB) plants use alcohol in the

production of chlorophyllC) green plants use carbon dioxide

in photosynthesisD) alcohol plus chlorophyll forms

Lugol's iodine solution

38) Most of the starch stored in thecells of a potato is composed ofmolecules that originally enteredthese cells asA) amino acidsB) simple sugarsC) enzymesD) minerals

39) The analysis of data gatheredduring a particular experiment isnecessary in order toA) formulate a hypothesis for

that experimentB) design a control for that

experimentC) develop a research plan for

that experimentD) draw a valid conclusion for

that experiment

40) Which statement accuratelycompares cells in the humancirculatory system to cells in thehuman nervous system?A) Cells in the nervous system act

independently, but cells in thecirculatory system functiontogether.

B) Cells in the circulatory systemare identical in structure tocells in the nervous system.

C) Cells in the circulatory systemcarry out the same lifefunction for the organism ascells in the nervous system.

D) Cells in the nervous system aredifferent in structure fromcells in the circulatory system,and they carry out differentspecialized functions.

41) In a cell, all organelles worktogether to carry outA) diffusionB) metabolic processesC) active transportD) information storage

42) Diagrams, tables, and graphs areused by scientists mainly toA) predict the independent

variableB) test a hypothesisC) organize dataD) design a research plan for an

experiment

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43) Which two organ systems providematerials required for the humanbody to produce ATP?A) digestive and respiratoryB) reproductive and excretoryC) respiratory and immuneD) digestive and reproductive

44) The purpose of introducingweakened microbes into the body ofan organism is to stimulate theA) replication of genes that

direct the synthesis ofhormones that regulate thenumber of microbes

B) production of living microbesthat will protect the organismfrom future attacks

C) production of antigens thatwill prevent infections fromoccurring

D) immune system to react andprepare the organism to fightfuture invasions by thesemicrobes

45) Every single-celled organism is ableto survive because it carries outA) sexual reproductionB) heterotrophic nutritionC) metabolic activitiesD) autotrophic nutrition

46) An increase in heart rate will mostlikely result inA) an increase in cell divisionB) a decrease in metabolic rateC) an increase in pulse rateD) a decrease in body temperature

47) Researchers performing a well-designed experiment should basetheir conclusions onA) a small sample size to insure a

reliable outcome of theexperiment

B) results predicted beforeperforming the experiment

C) the hypothesis of theexperiment

D) data from repeated trials ofthe experiment

48) Researchers performing a well-designed experiment should basetheir conclusions onA) data from repeated trials of

the experimentB) the hypothesis of the

experimentC) results predicted before

performing the experimentD) a small sample size to insure a

reliable outcome of theexperiment

49) A science researcher is reviewinganother scientist's experiment andconclusion. The reviewer wouldmost likely consider the experimentinvalid ifA) other individuals are able to

duplicate the resultsB) it contains conclusions not

explained by the evidence givenC) the hypothesis was not

supported by the data obtainedD) the sample size produced a

great deal of data

50) The green aquatic plant represented in the diagram belowwas exposed to light for several hours.

Which gas would most likely be found in the greatestamount in the bubbles?A) oxygenB) ozone

C) nitrogenD) carbon dioxide

51) In an investigation, 28 students in a class determinedtheir pulse rates after performing each of threedifferent activities. Each activity was performed threetimes during equal time intervals. The average resultsare shown in the graph below.

Before constructing the graph shown, it would have beenmost helpful to organize the results of the investigationinA) a research planB) a data table

C) an equationD) an energy pyramid

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52) The diagram below represents levels of organization inliving things.

Which term would best represent X?A) organelleB) tissue

C) humanD) stomach

53) A process that occurs in the human body is represented inthe diagram below.

Which statement is most closely associated with thediagram?A) Certain molecules are replicated by means of a

template.B) Energy from nutrients is utilized for waste disposal.C) Small molecules are obtained from large molecules

during digestion.D) Receptor molecules play an important role in

communication between cells.

54) The effect of pH on a certain enzyme is shown in thegraph below.

At what pH would the enzyme be most effective?A) between 8 and 10B) between 5 and 7

C) above 10D) below 5

55) In the diagram below, which structure performs afunction similar to a function of the human lungs?

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

56) The diagram below shows how a cover slip should belowered onto some single-celled organisms during thepreparation of a wet mount.

Why is this a preferred procedure?A) The organisms will be more evenly distributed.B) The possibility of breaking the coverslip is reduced.C) The possibility of trapping air bubbles is reduced.D) The coverslip will prevent the slide from breaking.

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57) Which structures in diagram I and diagram II carry outa similar life function?

A) 2 and DB) 3 and A

C) 1 and CD) 4 and B

58) Cellular communication is illustrated in the diagrambelow.

Information can be sent fromA) cell A to cell B because cell B is able to recognize

signal 1B) cell A to cell B because cell A is able to recognize

signal 2C) cell B to cell A because cell A is able to recognize

signal 1D) cell B to cell A because cell B is able to recognize

signal 2

59) Some human body cells are shown in the diagrams below.

These groups of cells represent differentA) systems that are responsible for a specific life

activityB) tissues in which similar cells function togetherC) organs that help to carry out a specific life activityD) organelles that carry out different functions

60) The diagram below illustrates the movement of materialsinvolved in a process that is vital for the energy needs oforganisms.

The process illustrated occurs withinA) vacuolesB) mitochondria

C) chloroplastsD) ribosomes

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61) The diagram below shows human female reproductivestructures.

Which structure is correctly paired with its function?A) A ‡‡ releases estrogen and progesteroneB) B ‡‡ produces and releases the eggC) C ‡‡ provides the usual site for fertilizationD) D ‡‡ nourishes a developing embryo

62) The diagram below represents human reproductivesystems.

Which statement best describes part of the humanreproductive process?A) Testosterone produced in A is transferred to D,

where it influences embryonic development.B) Progesterone stimulates the division of the egg

within C.C) Testosterone produced in D influences formation of

sperm within B.D) Estrogen and progesterone influence the activity

of C.

Questions 63 and 64 refer to the following:

63) In an autotrophic organism, substance B in the diagramfunctions as aA) biotic resourceB) source of energy

C) hormoneD) vitamin

64) In a heterotrophic organism, substance A in the diagramcould be used directly forA) a genetic codeB) a building block of starchC) photosynthesisD) synthesis of enzymes

65) An experimental setup is shown below.

Which hypothesis would most likely be tested using thissetup?A) Plants need fertilizers for proper growth.B) Light is needed for the process of reproduction.C) Glucose is not synthesized by plants in the dark.D) Protein synthesis takes place in leaves.

66) The diagram below shows a cell associated withcoordination.

In the given diagram, structure X would be involved intheA) synthesis of proteinsB) development of pathogensC) storage of digestive enzymesD) absorption of energy from the Sun

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67) An investigation was set up to study the movement ofwater through a membrane. The results are shown in thediagram below.

Based on these results, which statement correctlypredicts what will happen to red blood cells when they areplaced in a beaker containing a water solution in whichthe salt concentration is much higher than the saltconcentration in the red blood cells?A) The red blood cells will lose water and decrease in

size.B) The red blood cells will first absorb water, then lose

water and maintain their normal size.C) The red blood cells will absorb water and increase in

size.D) The red blood cells will first lose water, then absorb

water, and finally double in size.

68) A red onion cell has undergone a change, as represented inthe diagram below.

This change is most likely due to the cell being placed inA) distilled waterB) darkness

C) lightD) salt water

69) The diagram below represents a laboratory setup used bya student during an investigation of diffusion.

Which statement best explains why the liquid in tube Awill rise over a period of time?A) The water will pass from a region of lower starch

concentration to one of higher starch concentration.B) The fluids in both tubes A and B will change from a

higher temperature to a lower temperature.C) The starch concentrations are equal on both sides of

the membrane.D) Water and starch volumes are the same in both

tubes A and B.

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70) In an investigation, students determined the average rate of movement of gill covers of a species of freshwater fish atdifferent temperatures. The results are shown in the data table below.

Which labeled axes should be used to graph the relationship between the two variables?

A)

B)

C)

D)

71) A peppered moth and part of a metric ruler are represented in the diagram below.

Which row in the chart above best represents the ratio of body length to wingspan of the peppered moth?A) A B) B C) C D) D

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72) An experiment was performed to determine the effect of different mineral salts on plant growth. Forty pots containinggenetically identical plants were divided into four equal groups and placed in a well-lighted greenhouse. Each pot containedan equal amount of nonmineral potting soil and one plant. Minerals were then added in equal amounts to each experimentalgroup of pots as shown below.

For the experiment to be valid, what should be added to the control group of pots?A) potassium and phosphorus saltsB) water

C) potassium saltsD) nitrogen salts

73) An experimental setup is shown in the diagram below.

Which hypothesis would most likely be tested using this setup?A) Green plants need light for cell division.B) Roots of water plants absorb minerals in the absence of light.C) Green water plants release a gas in the presence of light.D) Plants grow best in the absence of light.

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74) Which numbered set of terms best identifies the letters in the diagram below?

A) A ‡‡ photosynthesis, B ‡‡ organic molecules, C ‡‡ respirationB) A ‡‡ photosynthesis, B ‡‡ inorganic molecules, C ‡‡ decompositionC) A ‡‡ respiration, B ‡‡ organic molecules, C ‡‡ digestionD) A ‡‡ respiration, B ‡‡ inorganic molecules, C ‡‡ photosynthesis

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