* GB785133 (A)

Description: GB785133 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Improved extreme pressure lubricants

Description of GB785133 (A)

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I l I _jr _= PATENT SPECIFICATION Inventors: VERNON WARNER DAVID and VIVIAN ALEXANDER MOFFATT _f Date of filing Complete Specification March 7, 1956. Application Date May 25, 1955 Complete Specification Published Oct 23,1957. a" A 7 h 5,133 No 15121/55. Index at Acceptance:-Classes 2 ( 3), C 1 B( 6: 10), C 1 C( 1 B: 5: 7 A: 8: li D), CID; and 91, F( 1: 2). International Classification: -C 07 c C 10 Mrn. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improved Extreme Pressure Lubricants We, -" SHELL" RESEARCH LIMITED, a British company, of St Helen's Court, Great St Helen's London, E C 3, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is-to be performed, to be

particularly described in and by the following statement:This invention relates to lubricating compositions particularly suitable for lubrication under extreme operating conditions, such as under extreme pressure, high speed and high temperature conditions. It is well known that the high pressures occurring in certain types of gears and bearings may cause a film of lubricant to rupture with consequent damage to the machinery It has been shown that lubricating oils, such as mineral or synthetic lubricating oils, can be improved with regard to their protective effect on rubbing surfaces, by the addition of certain substances, so that excessive wear scuffing and seizure, which normally follow a break in the film of lubricant, can be prevented even under very unfavourable pressure and speed conditions Lubricants possessing this highly desirable property are called extreme pressure lubricants. It is known that compounds containing certain elements, such as chlorine, sulphur, phosphorus and lead, are capable of imparting extreme pressure properties to lubricants and such compounds are called extreme pressure additives Among the most effective extreme pressure additives heretofore used are certain chlorinated or sulphurated organic compounds. A principal objection to the known extreme pressure additives of this type is that they are highly reactive with metallic contacting surfaces, particularly non-ferrous metals such as copper, causing etching, corrosion and discoloration of said surfaces Another objectionl to known extreme pressure additives of this type is that they generally increase the emnulsification properties of the oil to which they are added and this, under certain conditions, is undesirable. It has now been found that improved extreme pressure lubricants can be obtained by incorporating into a-lubricating oil a minor 50 proportion of a reaction product of a compound of the general formula RSX, wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical and X represents a halogen atom,-with a compound containing an olefinic double bond Such 55 reaction products, when incorporated in lubricating oils, are not corrosive to copper and they do not increase the emulification properties of the oils. The said reaction products are preferably 60 used in proportions varying from 0 01 % to % 1 and, still more preferably, from 0 1 % to 2 %: by weight based on -the whole composition. The lubricating oil used in the compositions 65 of this -invention can be any natural or synthetic oil having lubricating properties Thus the oil may-be a hydrocarbon oil obtained from a paraffinic, naphthenic, Midcontinent or Coastal stock and/or mixtures thereof The 70 viscosity of these oils may vary over a wide range such as from 40 SUS at 100 F

to 1000 SUS at 210 F The hydrocarbon oils may be blended with fatty oils, such as castor oil or lard oil, and/or with synthetic lubricating 75 oils, such as polymerised olefins, copolymers of alkylene glycols and alkylene oxides, organic esters, for example di( 2-ethylhexyl)sebacate, dioctyl phthalate and triocetyl phosphate, polymeric tetrahydrofuran and polyalkyl silicone 80 polymers, for example dimethyl silicone polymer: If desired the synthetic lubricating oils may be used as the sole lubricating oil or admixed with fatty oils Moreover, the lubricating oil used may be thickened to a grease 85 consistency with a soap or an inorganic gelling agent. Typical classes of compounds of the general formula RSX mentioned above are the alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl sul 90 phenyl halides The chlorides are preferred The sulphenyl halides may be made by low temperature halogenation of the corresponding disulphides Thus methyl sulphenyl i I1 t _ 11 chloride may be prepared by low temperature chlorination of dimethyl disulphide, see Chemische Berichte 83, page 87 et seq ( 1950). Typical sulphenyl halides which may be employed are methyl, -ethyl, propyl, butyl and amyl sulphenyl chlorides and the higher homologues of this series, phenyl sulphenyl chloride and its nuclear hydrocarbon substitution products, such as'p-methylphenyl sulphenyl chloride, phenylmethyl sulphenyl chloride, beta-phenylethyl sulphenyl chloride and cyclohexylsulphenyl chloride The corresponding fluorides, bromides and iodides may also be used. The preferred compounds containing an olefinic double bond to be reacted with the aforesaid sulphenyl halides are the alklenes and cycloalkenes, such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, amylene, hexylene and the higher 2 o homologues of this series, and cyclopentene, cyclohexene, methylcyclohexene, ethylcyclohexene, hexylcyclohexene and octylcyclohexene Compounds containing more than one olefinic double bonrd such as butadiene, isoprene, the terpenes and cyclopentadiene may also be employed Moreover, compounds containing substituent groups and an olefinic double bond may be employed, for example oleic acid, cinammic acid, maleic acid, phenylisocrotonic acid, allyl ether, allyl chloride, trichloroethylene and geraniol Aryl-substituted alkenes such as styrene are also very suitable olefinic compounds. The sulphenylhalides react readily with compounds containing an olefinic double bond to form beta-halothioethers Thus' cyclohexene and methylsulphenyl chloride yield 2chlorocyclohexyl methyl sulphide Styrene and ethylsulphenyl chloride yield alpha-chlorobed-ethylmercapto-ethylbenzene The reaction products may be used either as such or after they have been purified. The following examples illustrate the present invention. EXAMPLE I

The lubricating oil employed was a solvent refined mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity of 160 seconds Redwood I at 140 F. 0.75 % by weight of the reaction product of cyclohexene and methylsulphenyl chloride, viz 2-chiorocyclohexyl methyl sulphide, was dissolved in this oil to give an excellent extreme pressure lubricant This lubricant had a scuffing load of 95 lbs when tested in the I A E gear rig at 4000 r p m at 70 C The scuffing load of the base oil in the same test was only 55 lbs The I A E gear rig is described in the Journal of the Institute of Petroleum, 1952, at page 705 et seq. EXAMPLE II - The lubricating oil employed was a solvent refined mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity of 280 seconds Redwood I at 140 F. 4.6 %, by_ weight of the xeaction product of cyclohiexene and methylsulphenyl chloride, viz 2-chlorocyclohexyl methyl sulphide, was dissolved in this oil to give an excellent extreme pressure lubricant When tested on the 4-ball machine, the 22 second seizure delay load for this lubricant was 135 kilograms The 2 second seizure delay load for the base oil in the same test was only 84 kilograms. EXAMPLE HI The lubricating oil employed was a solvent 75 refined mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity of 160 seconds Redwood I at 140 F. 1.5 %o by weight of the crude reaction product of 4-octylcyclohexene and methylsulphenyl chloride was dissolved in this oil to give an 80 extreme pressure lubricant This lubricant had-a scuffing load of 60 lbs when tested in the I A E gear rig at 4000 r p m at 70 C. The scuffing load of the base oil in the same test was only 40 lbs 85 Compositions of this invention may contain minor proportions of other lubricating oil additives, such as anti-oxidants, corrosion inhibitors or anti-rusting compounds, wear reducing agents, blooming agents, pour point 90 depressants, viscosity improvers and anti-foaming agents. Antioxidants which may be used comprise several types, for example alkyl phenols, such as 2, 4,6-trimethyl phenol, pentaethyl phenol, 95 2,4-dimethyl-6-tertiary-butyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-octyl phenol, 2,6-ditertiary-butyl-4methyl phenol and 2,4,6-tritertiary-butyl phenol, amino phenols such as benzyl amino and amines, such as dibutylphenylene diamine, 100 diphenylamino, N-phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine and dinaphthylamine. Examples of suitable corrosion inhibitors or anti-rusting compounds which may be used 105 are the dicarboxylic acids having 16 or more carbon atoms in the molecule and organic compounds containing acidic radicals in close proximity to a nitrile, nitro or nitroso group, for example alpha cyano stearic acid 110 Wear reducing agents which may be used comprise esters of phosphorus acids, such as triaryl, alkaryl or

aralkyl phosphates, thiophosphates or phosphites and neutral aromatic sulphur compounds of relatively high boiling 115 point, -such as diaryl-sulphides, diaryl disulphides, alkyl aryl disulphides, for example diphenyl sulphide, diphenol sulphide, dicresol sulphide, dixylenol sulphide, methyl butyl diphenol sulphide, dibenzyl sulphide and the 120 corresponding di and tri sulphides. As an example of a suitable anti-foaming agent dimethyl silicone polymer can be mentioned Additional ingredients may comprise oil-soluble urea or thiourea derivatives, for 125 example urethanes, allophanates, carbazides and carbazones, polyisobutylene polymers and polymerised unsaturated esters of fatty acids and monohydric alcohols. 785,13) 785,133 Depending upon the essential additives used and conditions under which they are used, the amount of optional additives used may vary from 0 01 to 2 % or higher.

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* GB785134 (A)

Description: GB785134 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Improvements relating to reservoir brushes

Description of GB785134 (A)

PATENT ' SP E CI FAI PATENT SPECIFICATION 785,134 Date of filing Complete Specification (under Section 3 ( 3) of the Patents Act, 1949): July 23, 1956. Application Date: June 2, 1955. Application Date: Jan o 0, 1956. No 15847/55.

No 848/56. "''' Complete Specification Published: Oct 23, 1957. Index at acceptance:-Class 19, A( 1 B 2: 11), J. International Classification:-A 46 b. C Oli PL 1 :Improvementsr rel I, PERCY Jo HN HANNEY, a British subject of 415 Archway Road, Highgate, London, N.6, (formerly rof 30 Preston Hill, Kenton, t Middlesex), do hereby d'elare the invention, for whiich I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - This invention relates to an improved reservoir brush which is primarily, intended for use in touching up blemishes in the lacquered surfaces of motor cars but which may be used for a variety of other purposes requiring the application of a liquid to a surface, e g the application 'of polish or varnish to fingernails. According to my invention the improved reservoir brush comprises; a container having an externally threaded discharge neck and a cap member therefor, wherein the cap member is internally threaded at each end so that either end may be screwed on to the neck of the container, the cap member ies a multiplicity of hairs or bristles or like means forming a brush that projects beyond one end of the cap member and two co-axial tubes extend within the cap: member, the brush being clamped between the two tubes and the inner tube providing a passageway for conveying liquid from the container to the interior of the brush when the other end of the cap member is screwed on to the neck of the container. My invention includes not only the improved reservoir brush above set forth but also the cap member per se. One form of reservoir brush in accordancewith my invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which, _Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the reservoir brush with the brush of the cap member extending therefrom in -operative position; Figure 2 is a similar view of the reservoir brush with the cap member inverted so that the brush extends within the container; Figure 3 is a partial elevational view, partly lPefce 3 s 6 d l ET'E SECIFICGATION ating to Reservoir Brushes in section, of the assembly, shown in Figure 1, drawn to an enlarged scale, and Figure 4 is a similar view of he assembly shown in Figure 2, pant of the container being 50 cut away to show the brush extending within the container. The container shown in the drawing comprises a collapsible tube 1 having an externally threaded discharge neck 2 and the cap 55 member indicated generally by the reference numeral 3, comprises a truncated conical sleeve 4 that is formed of a hard plastics material and, that

is internally threaded at each end, so that either end of the sleeve can be screwed 60 on to the discharge neck The sleeve is externally ribbed or fluted to facilitate application of the sleeve ta and its removal from the discharge neck 2 and it is provided with a central bore 5 ' Extending through the bore 5 are 63 inner and outer co-axial tubes, 6, 7 respectively, These tubes extend from the narrow end of sleeve 4 and terminate short of the wide 'end of the sleeve Clamped between -the two tubes at the narrow end of the sleeve is a 70 mulltiplicity of hairs, bristles or the like forming a brush '8 that projects beyond the narrow end, of the sleeve, The ianner end of tube 6-is externally'fianged and the tubes are moulded into the sleeve, The inner tube 6, in the posi 75 tion of the sleeve shown in Figures-1 and 3, places the interior of the container 1 in communication with the interior of the brush,8. The bore of tube,6, at its narrowest part may be about 1/16 " diameter Sealing washers 80 9, 10 are housed at the bottom of the screwthreaded sockets at each lend of sleeve 4. When the improved brush more particularly described above and illustrated in the drawing. is not in use the cap member 3 will, be so 85 screwed on to the neck 2 of the container 1 that the brush 8 will extend into the container with the sealing washer 9 pressed against the end, of nedck 2 A plug member 11 is screwed. into the outer end -of the sleeve 4 to engage 90 sealing washer 10 and prevent passage of fluid from the container -tohrough the bore of the t 1 1 U11 j 1:::J ' ' ' sleeve, as showni in Figures 2 and 4 When it is desired to use the reservoir brush the plug 11, which is conveniently shaped for easy manipiilations is unscrewed aind the cap menber 3 is inverted so that ithe brush is brought to operative position in which liquid may flow directly from the container 1 via the small bore turbe 6 ito the interior of the brush 8, as shown in Figures 1: andl 3. The improved reservoir brush above- described and illustrated not only has the advantage that it is of extremely simple construction and, cheap to manufacture but also the advantage that it may be used in any, attitude since when the force of gravity is in effective to cause flow of liquid to the brush such flow may be ucau-sed, collapsing thecontainer A further advantage of the reservoir brush is that, when not in use, the bristles or the-like may be'kept immersed in liquid. Means may be proyided for holiding the closure plug 11-captive to the cap member 3. The tubes 6 and 7, instead of being moulded into the sleeve 4, couldl be a press fit therein.

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* GB785135 (A)

Description: GB785135 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Control for copying machine tools

Description of GB785135 (A)

PATENT SPECN' _; 1)i:, A PATENT SPECIFICATION 785,135 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification June 8, 1955. No 16519/55. Application made in Germany on June 10, 1954. Complete Specification Published Oct 23, 1957. Index at Acceptance:-Classes 40 ( 1), N 1 (A 3 A: D 3), N 3 ( 57 F: 510: V 6 A); and 83 ( 3), D 4 A 3 (A: J 1: J 2: J 5), D 4 A 20 A, D 4 B( 17: 32). International Classification: -B 23 bo G 08 c. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Control for Copying Machine Tools We, SCHIESS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, of 289, Hansa-Allee, Diisseldorf-Oberkassel, Germany, a German company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:The invention relates to control means for copying machine tools, particularly lathes, which in contrast with the known designs, renders possible higher rates of feed and therefore higher working speeds. There are known copying machine tools for the purpose of machining curves in one or two planes, which, by actuating mechanical or

electromechanical coupling devices, bring about the engagement or disengagement of driving means controlling the longitudinal and transverse feeds For example, it is known to have magnetic couplings controlled by a lever member or tracer The path of the machining tool is, as we know, the resultant of these two feeds The tool supports which, particularly in heavy machine tools, are of considerable weight, must move in continual alternation and start and stop very rapidly in following the movement of the tracer which scans the contour of the pattern being copied, and in known copying devices, not only is a very great deal of power consumed, but owing to the graduated or stepwise coupling and uncoupling of the drive, transmission delays arise Hence the motion of the tool proceeds by steps and is proportionately inexact, owing to the uncontrolled follow-up of the accelerated heavy masses In addition, owing to the step-lilke motion and rapid changes in movement, all parts of the machine tool, particularly electric contact parts, are very highly stressed By reducing the copying rate, it is possible to eliminate the inaccuracies to some extent, but this also very considerably reduces the output of the machine tool. It has already been proposed to adapt the direction of the resultant motion of the tracer in following the contour of the pattern being lPrice 3 s 6 d l copied to produce controlling impulses to control the driving speed of the machine tool in separate co-ordinate directions, e g by providing longitudinal and cross feeds of a machine tool with independent feed drives which may include a Leonard set and which can each be controlled individually in the known manner by means of a control device such as, for example, a resistance designed as a potentiometer If this control is correctly effected, so that the two driving elements set precisely the path components of the tool along the two co-ordinates, then the tool will be moved along a resultant which will be in the desired direction corresponding to the contours of the pattern Such a control for a lathe may be so designed that the longitudinal and cress feeds are each individually driven and controlled by a separate driving motor. The purpose of the -independent control of each feed drive is then to move the tool in the tangential direction at each point along the curve of the path-to be followed If, for example, the tool is to run at a speed v, at an angle ' to the longitudinal direction, then it must be ensured through an adjustment that the longitudinal feed motor should run at a speed Ve equal to the longitudinal component of this speed, i e v=v, cos ', and the cross feed motor, at the same time, should run at a speed vq corresponding with the cross feed component of such speed, i e vq=,v sin p. Since the two drives run simultaneously, the tool is moved at the

resultant speed v, in the desired direction at the angle 4. It is further known to adjust the control means of such feed drives incorporating Leonard sets according to the incline (angle 4 p) to be copied, by means of stepwise switchgear or regulating motors The two control means can be so connected with each other that when -the control impulse for one direction, e g the longitudinal direction, is increased, the control impulse for the direction perpendicular to it, that is, the cross feed direction, is correspondingly reduced This can be effected in a known manner by connecting rico 25 t'; 1, i 'I -111 the two shafts of two control potentiometers, one potentiometer having to be coiled in the opposite direction to the other None of such known control apparatus is very satisfactory because it is difficult to adjust two potentiometers in such a manner that they can carry out a precise component analysis Further, the adjusting forces are relatively large, because in rotating potentiometers considerI 0 able frictional forces have to be overcome, and for this reason, motors of appreciable size have been provided to drive the potentiometers Such arrangements also have the further drawback that the control steps can never be made as small as desired and electric and mechanical delays arise which impair the precision and the surface quality of the workpiece dealt with The control according to the present invention eliminates or reduces the drawbacks described This is achieved by means of a double or two-directional control device, which gives very precise settings to the tool and which requires only small forces giving turning moments of the order of magnitude of gramme-centimetres in order to satisfactorily control even very heavy machine tools In addition, the apparatus according to the invention gives greater copying precision at a considerably increased operating speed and surface quality This considerably increases the effective output of the machine. It is further proposed, in the present invention, to effect the control of a copying machine by means of a low inertia induction toolcontrol device controlled by the movement of a tracer over the surface of a pattern beingcopied and, in turn serving to control the feed movement of the machine tool along two component directions, producing a resultant movement of the tool in a direction corresponding to the direction of movement of the tracer. In _effect, the induction tool-control device separates or analyses the movement of the tracer into two component motions in different or co-ordinate directions, and hereinafter it will be referred to as a component analyser. Such -devices are known in control technology under various designations, e g as teletransmission systems, follow-up systems, follow-up controllers, after-governors, inductive metering

transmitters, induction control motors, etc The component analyser has a motor-like design, having a rotor comprising a single phase coil which is preferably supplied from the A C, mains, and a stator carrying the control windings In a component analyser designed to control two co-ordinates which are perpendicular to each other, the stator is provided with two windings at 90 to-each other In each of these two windings, according to the position of the rotor, a voltage is induced whose maximum amplitude is proportional to the sine or cosine of the relative angular position of the rotor If the position of the axis of the rotor winding coincides with that of one of the control windings, which we shall call control winding 1, then a voltage will be induced in this control winding, but not in the control winding 2 which is perpendicular to it If the rotor is turned out of this 70 position, the amplitude in the control winding 1 changes according to the cosine of the displacement angle, while in the control winding 2 a voltage corresponding to the sine of the displacement angle of the rotor is induced 75 In this way, when the rotor rotates about an angle 4, there is induced in the control winding 1 a voltage proportional to cos 4 and in the control winding 2 a voltage proportional to sin 4 ', and by this rotation of the rotor an 80 analysis of a given direction in terms of two co-ordinates can be achieved The component analyser may be used to feed control signals directly to the driving motors for the feed motion of the machining tool and these driv 85 ing motors may, for example, be designed as direct current control motors or as so-called induction control motors having an ironless rotor Alternatively, the control signals may be fed to a machine amplifier such as a 90 Leonard drive for example Valve amplifiers, or magnetic -amplifiers such as those known under the designations "Amplidyne" and "Rotedyne ", may be used. The output of the amplifier is connected 95 with the driving motor which is preferably a direct current control motor In some cases it is possible to use the machine amplifier direct to drive the machine tool, but generally, the use of a component analyser connected 100 through a magnetic amplifier to a direct current control motor, has proved successful in practice In a control apparatus designed in this manner, the machining tool fixed on the supporting slide rest of a lathe is moved at 105 the angle o to the longitudinal feed direction, which angle is set by the component analyser. There are several ways in which the control means of the invention may be used in order to carry out different tasks of machine tool 110 copying In the simplest case it would be possible to move and set the component analyser by hand in such a manner that the displacement angle ' of the rotor should agree as closely as possible with the slope of the path 115 or curve to be copied If it coincides

completely, and if the control characteristics are perfectly linear, the tool will move exactly along a path corresponding to that being copied If the slope does not coincide exactly, 120 then thetracer will give a correction via a magnetic coupling in the known manner through disengagement of the feed drive As compared with the known apparatus, where the feed drive motors are each individually 125 controlled by means of a manually-operated potentiometer, this invention presents the advantage that he control of the tool along both-co-ordinate directions is effected by one control device A special advantage of the 130 785,135 785,135 component analyser as a control device in this case lies in the fact that the adjustment is very exact, and the control voltage may correspond within 0 2 % with the theoretical value of the sine or cosine In addition, the component analyser presents the special advantage that it is a very robust part As the rotor is in most cases mounted on ball bearings, an adjusting torque of less than 2-gramme-centimetres is sufficient to bring about an alteration of the rotation or displacement angle It is thus possible to control the component analyser very rapidly Further, it is a 'special advantage that the component analyser gives a continuous control without steps, and operates entirely without moving contacts. According to a further idea of the invention, the component analyser can be provided with a tracer device that scans the tangent form or contour of the pattern to be copied, this device being disposed so that it runis-along the'cojtour of the pattern and, through adjustment of the component analyser, automatically controls the angle of inclination to be produced by the tool The component analyser thereby becomes directly a tangent indicator, which senses the tangent and controls the speed of the feed motors in,such a-manner that a-resultant motion corresponding closely to the path to be copied is covered by the tool without operation of magnetic couplings or clutches in the drive of the feed motors One simple arrangement for sensing the tangential direction may comprise a trolley mounted elastically on the rotor shaft of the component analyser and provided with two spaced rollers which contact and travel along the-pattern and scan the approximate tangential direction:corresponding to the chord between the contact points of the two rollers When the direction of the tangent or the chord changes, the tr 6 olley turns the rotor of the component analyser, thereby automatically setting the new tangential direction As the adjusting forces on-the component analyser are extremely small, the rollers of the trolley may be spaced relatively closely so that the direction of the tangent can be well approximated by a very short chord. Naturally, other known tangent'indicators may also be connected with the component aalyser but it should b-e-borne in mind that the

component analyser presents the special advantage that it operates 'with' very small adjusting forces and is therefore capabfe-of great sensitivity Further, if it is not desired for the com-r ponent analyser to move aloiing the paftern together with the tangent indicator or tracer, it can be connected with an adjusting motor; preferably via a transmission gear The adjusting motor drive is controlled by the tracer and sets the rotor of the component analyser in such a way that its displacement angle "corresponds as far as possible with the inclination of the pattern to be copied ' This position is distinguished by the fact that magnetic couplings in the feed drives either do not come into operation at all, or only occasionally This can be utilised direct for setting the angular position of the component analyser For so 70 long as the angular position of the component analyser, and of the tangent indicator, respectively do not correspond, the couplings operate and the adjusting motor adjusts the component analyser Apparatus of this type with time 75 relays for adjusting the control devices of feed drives are known in themselves According to a further idea of the invention the control device may operate in such a manner that when the feed is disconnected in one feed 80 direction by the magnetic clutch interrupting this feed direction the adjusting motor adjusts the component analyser immediately, but when the scanning feed in the other direction is disconnected, by the magnetic clutch, the 85 adjustment is effected only if the scanning feed does not receive a contrary order within a certain time, which is set by a time relay. In this way it is ensured that the adjusting motor does not adjust the component analyser 90. at the slightest change of inclination, thereby subjecting it to harmful and undesirable oscillations -The component analyser may further: be used in conjunction with'an apparatus which, 95 by producing an electric differential in the electrical circuits, superposes= an additional motion either positively or negatively on thefeed gear motor When the inclination of the track to be copied changes, the corresponding 100 motion of the tracer first of all connects the electric differential, thereby producing an increase or decrease, for example, ten per cent, in the speed of a feed motor, so that the tool tends to be steered in the hew direction 105 By means of the component analyser and the division of the driving means into independent drives for each co-ordinate, it is ensured that the tool is guided at a constant speed over the track to be copied It is to be regarded 110 as a special advantage of control by means of a component analyser that this track speed can be controlled rapidly and without steps by altering the supply voltage of the component analyser (the voltage applied to the rotor of 115 the component analyser) In this

way it is possible to machine individual parts of the workpiece surface with special precision andto a high quality, while machining others to a lower quality The supply voltage can be 120 changed by hand, by means of switch devices, or through a programme curve. In general, in the case of machine-tools the division into component motions will be effected by choosing co-ordinates that are per 125 pendicular to each other, e g in a lathe the tool support is usually movable -Perpendicular to the direction of movement of the workpiece along the bed of -the -lathe In the case of large lathes, such as vertical boring and turn 130 7.85 P ing machines, the -:tool is also moved in co mains supply voltage U, is carried to the rotor ordinates that are perpendicular to each 6ther, 2 In each of the two stator windings 5 and namely, horizontally and vertically In all 51 which in Figure 2 are shown crossed at these cases, a component analyser with wind 90 an alternating voltage is induced which ings perpendicular to each other must be used can be taken off between the terminals 14 and 70 This is the standard design If for any reason 14 ' or 15 and 151 as a control voltage. it should be necessary to effect a division other Figure 3 shows how such a component than according to perpendicular co-ordinates, analyser 6 can be connected with the feed the component analyser should have stator driving motor of a machine tool The corwindings corresponding with these co-ordinate ponent analyser receives a voltage via the 75 directions In this way, a co-ordinate system terminals 11 and 12 The control voltage of with obliquetangles can also be divided into the one winding is taken off at the terminals its components X 14 and 14 ' and led through the conductors 16 The invention is further explained, with and 17 to the driving motor 21 The driving reference to the accompanying drawings, by motor 21 may be designed in various ways and 80 means of exemplary embodiments drives the machine tool feed spindle 26 by Figure 1 shows a component analyser in a means of gears 22 to 25. simplified form, in longitudinal section; Figure 4 shows the wiring diagram of an Figure 2 shows the electric wiring diagram arrangement according to Figure 3, but of a component analyser according to Figure 1 including an amplifier In this case the ter 85 with two stator windings at 90 ' to each other; minals 14 and 141 of the component analyser Figure 3 is a theoretical wiring diagram of are connected via the conductors 16 and 17 a component analyser in conjunction with a with the input of an amplifier 20 The amplifeed motor of -a machine tool; t fier may be a magnetic amplifier and it is con-Figure 4 shows a similar wiring diagram to nected to a power supply by wires 18 and 19 90 Figure 3, but with a magnetic amplifier; Amplified control voltages are delivered via Figure 5 show a component analyser with

wires 16 and 17 ' to the motor 21 which, as a tangent indicator in the form of a trolley; described in connection with Figure 3, drives Figure 6 shows a side view of a component the feed spindle 26. analyser with a modified design of tangent The desired adjustment of the component 95 indicator;: shw analyser to a given control setting, i eto a Figure 7 shows the principle of a com certain angle b, can be effected manually, e g. ponent analyser with a tangent indicator of a by the use of a pointer 7 fixed to the shaft 1, further different design; which pointer is adjusted by means of a knob Figure 8 shows the principle of a machine 71 in relation to a scale 8 located on the casing 100 tool used in conjunction with a component of the component analyser (Figure 1). analyser control, the component analyser The component analyser may further be so being controlled by an adjusting gear; designed that the shaft 1 can be connected Figure 9 shows the theoretical wiring dia with the driving avparatus through a sliding gram of a further development of the machine coupling (not shown) This presents the 105 tool control according to Figure 8 possibility of altering and re-adjusting the The same -reference numerals indicate the relative angular position of the rotor even same parts in the figures during operation. Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, the However, the adjustment of the angular -component analyser has a irotor -windig 2 position of the rotor may also be effected auto 110 carried on a shaft 1 which is rotatably mounted matically This is shown in Figure 5, accordon ball bearings 3 and 4 The stator winding ' ing to which the shaft 1 of the component s is accommodated in the casing 6 which is analyser is adjusted directly through a tangent closed at each end by a bearing cover 6 a One tracer or indicator in engagement with the bearing cover carries a brush holder 9, which surface of the pattern being copied This 115 carries a brush bridge 10 Fixed to this tangent also enables-measurement of the tanbridge 10 are two brushes 11 and 12, which gent-direection of the pattern It consists of a in a known manner carry an alternating cur trolley 32 which is provided with rollers 30 rent via the slip ring 13 to the rotor 2 The and 31, and which is connected with the shaft rotor 2 of the component analyser induces, I of the component analyser by means of 120 according to its angular position, various alter laminated blade springs 33 and 34 via an internating voltages in the stator windings 5 and mediate piece 35. 51 These alternating voltages are led off via In this way the trolley 32 is connected with the terminals 14, 14 ' and 15, 15, of wh 1 ich the component analyser by means of parallel Figure 1-shows only the terminal 14 on the spring torsion arms The apparatus as a whole 125 brush holder 9:is designed to scan the inclination of a curved The

electric wiring diagram of such a ce, for example, the contour of the patponent analyser with the two stator windings tern 27 shown The springs 33 and 34 press at 90 to -each other is shown in Figure 2 the rollers 30 and 31 against the contour of Between the terminals 11 and 12 the A C thepatern 27 nd at the e time tur the 130 tepten 2 qnat t -e asme time turnx the 10 785,135 shaft of the component analyser until the two rollers fit thereon If the inclination of the tangent changes, the component analyser is turned by the elastic force of the spring arms 33 and 34 until the two rollers 30 and 31 again fit on to the curve 27 As the turning moments required to turn the shaft 1 of the component analyser are very small, the interval between the two rollers 30 and 31 may be small, and it is thus possible to approximate to the tangent by the short chord between the contact points of the rollers 30 and 31 with the pattern It is convenient to design the trolley 32 in such a manner that the middle of this chord should lie on the extension of the axis of the shaft 1, the latter intersecting the chord perpendicularly -The trolley 32 is connected, by means of screws 36 and contact pins 37, with the springs 33, 34, and the latter are similarly connected with intermediate piece 35 by means of screws 361 and contact pins 37 ' The intermediate piece 35 is fitted on the shaft 1 and fixed in a suitable manner. Figure 6 shows a similar tangent tracer or indicator as Figure 5, but with a special pretensioning spring 38 and a laminated blade spring 33 The tension spring 38 is fixed by means of an adjusting screw 39 to antangled lever 40 disposed on the shaft of the component analyser 1, and enables alteration of the elastic characteristic of the laminated spring 33 The trolley 32 is also fitted with two scanning rollers 30 and 31, which in this embodiment of Figure 6, lie behind each other, both rollers running on the pattern 27 As before, the spring 33 is connected by screws 36 with the trolley 32 and by similar connecting means 361, 37 ', with the intermediate piece 35, and a clamp loop 54 serves to connect the spring 38 In this embodiment also, the extension of the axis of the shaft 1 of the component analyser should as far as possible cut the connecting line of the contact points of the rollers 30 and 31 with the pattern perpendicularly Clearly it is also possible to equip a tangent indicator of the form shown in Figure 5 with means for altering the tension of the spring arms, by a simple combi nation of the main features in Figures 5 and 6. Both forms of the tracer or indicator are capable of moving Ireely along the straight line formed by the contact points of the rollers and 31 with the curve 27, but movement in any other direction, produces a moment which turns the shaft of component analyser in the new direction. Figure 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a tangent indicator A

sliding pin or finger 41 which -scans the curve of a pattern 60: 27 is mounted in the universal joint 42 and moves the swivelling lever 43 through the connecting cone 44 The swivelling lever is mounted in a fixed bearing 45 and is pressed against the sliding pin 41 by a compression spring 46 The swivelling lever 43 carries a gear segment 47, which engages with a pinion 48 mounted on the shaft 1 of a component analyser 6 The pin 41 in sliding along the pattern 27 is deflected from its static or normal position according to the inclination of the 70 pattern 27 In the presence of such a deflection, the swivelling lever 43 is turned about the bearing 45, against the spring 46, and rotates the pinion 48, thereby adjusting the component analyser By a suitable choice of 75 dimensions, particularly for the sliding pin 41, the cone 44 and the gear ratio between the segment 47 and pinion 48, it can be ensured that the rotor of the component analyser is rotated about an angle corresponding with the 80 slope of the pattern 27. Figure 8 shows a theoretical wiring diagram of a component analyser control for a copying lathe, where the component analyser is controlled, not directly by a tangent tracer or 85 indicator but through an adjusting gear responsive to a scanning tracer. The workpiece 52 is centred in the lathe 51, driven by the motor 50 which is connected with a power supply through leads 53 On 90 the bed 54 is slidably mounted a tool support 56 which can be moved in a direction parallel to the axis of the workpiece by a feed screw which is driven by a feed motor 57 through gears 58 and a coupling 59 Also, the turning 95 tool 66 can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece, by a cross feed motor 61 which, through gears 62 and a magnetic coupling 63, drives a threaded shaft 64 which engages a nut in the tool 100 holder 65 in which the turning tool 66 is fixed Connected with the support 56, and movable therewith, is the tracer 67 having a scanning pin or finger 68 which scans in the known manner the pattern 27 which is fixed 105 on the bed 54 of the lathe. Apart from the feed motors 57 and 61, the electric apparatus of the control includes the component analyser 6, which is connected by the conductors 11 and 12 to the mains supply, 110 and which controls the feed motors through the amplifiers 20 and 201, as explained in detail in connection with Figure 4 Thus, the stator winding for controlling the longitudinal motion of the turning tool parallel to the axis 115 of the workpiece is connected via the conductors 16, 17 with the input of the amplifier and the output of this amplifier is connected via the conductors 161, 171 with the longitudinal feed motor 57 The other con 120 trol winding of the stator of the component analyser 6 is connected via the conductors 16 " 1, 17 with the input of the amplifier 201 whose output is connected via the conductors 161 "', 17

"'1 with the cross feed motor 61 125 As mentioned above, in the embodiment of Figure 7, the component analyser 6 is not directly controlled by a tangent indicator, but through an electromechanical control or adjusting gear which, as indicated by the 130 i 1 j dashed lines, comprises a mechanical-change -mears of a 2-poe lifting relay 100 which is speed gear unit-70 opetated by-the movable connected to the conductors 93 (in Figure 8). -armature of an electro-mnagnet-85 This The lifting relay possesses three contacts 101, electro-magnet 85-is controlled by means-of:a which connect and disconnect three different -switch relay 81 -or 82 whichiscaused to be fixed resistances 102, 103, 104 (The resist 70 operated through-_closure of -the contacts-69, ance 104 is chosen as zero) In the middle or -or 691 by the:scanning finger 68 normal position of the lifting relay the resistThe operation of the apparatus -is as ance 103 is placed in series in the input circuit -_follows,: f the, amplifier 20 A resistance 105 of the A 10 -: The, scanning finger 68 of the-tracer 67 same magnitude is permanently connected in 75scans the-pattern-27 -If-the scanning-finger -the input circuit o the amplifier 20 ', and -is deflected -towards one of-the two switch hence,, the inclusion of the resistance 103contacts -69 and 691, this connects one of the causes no change whatever in the balance of two sfcannlng relays 91-and-92, -which-is ener the Jnput circ uits of the two control amplifiers. -gised and closes the circuit including the con If-the component analyser 6 delivers the same 80 ductors 93 to the cross-feed-magnetic-coupling voltage, to eacph input circuit both amplifiers _ 63 so that the -coupling 63 -rotates -in -one receive the same initial voltage and therefore direction or -the other depending on which also pass the same output voltages to the feed contact 69 or 691 is actuated Simultaneously motors But if the scanning tracer shows that -20 with the operation of the -magnetic coupling tie directton ot tie movementof the machine 85 -63, one of the time relays-81, 82 is-energised tool controlled by the motors no longer correthrough the conductors 94,-which relay,-after sponds with the tangential direction of the -the expiration ofan adjustable delay interval, pattern curve then, depending to which side connects the coil -83 or 84 of -the -electro the:tracer is deflected, the larger resistance _magnet 85, so that the gear unit-7 ( O is brought - 102 or the smaller resistance 104 is connected -90 into _operation through -the movement of a Through the alteration of the resistance of the sliding-sleeve 71-in-one direction-or-the other, input circuit of the amplifier 20, the initial thereby-causing-friction couplings-72 or-73-to voltage fed to the amplifier 20 also alters, and beengaged and cause the drive-of-the-continu so does the output voltage delivered by the ously

running -motor 24-to be taken up As latter, and hence, the speed of the longitudinal 95 a result, the component analyser-is -adjusted feed motor 57 controlled by this amplifie'r will in-such a manner-that-the-tracer-67-is moved,:be changed so as to take into account the through appropriate speed changesof the feed -Lchange of the slope of the desired curve In = motors 57 and 61, until its contact arm is-back this way, the direction in which the tool moves to its middle position between the contacts -69 will be altered to a desired extent by purely 100 -and 69: electrical means, without engagement of the Figure 9 _shows&the cormponent analyser-in coupling and without adjustment of the coinma modified circuit that is a -supplement-to -the ponent analyser 6 Only if' the alteration is -wiring diagram according to Figure 8 The not sufficient to follow the angular change of component analyser 6 is -again fed -from-the:the pattern curve because the change of direc 105 mains via the conductors 11 and 12, -and-its tion of the latter has been greater than accords two stator windings are -electrically connected with the alteration capable of being produced with -the amplifiers 20 and 201 Via -the con by:this additional control means, is the electroductors 161, 17 I, the'output of the -amplifier -mechanical drive of the component analyser 20 is supplied to thelongitudinal feed-driving connected, via a time relay, as previously 110 motor 57 (Figure 8), -and via the conductors described. :16 "l, -1711 the output of -the amplifier Thus,' control of the feed apparatus of a 201 is supplied to the-cross feed driving motor -machine -tool, as shown, can be effected in 61 The compgnent analyser 6-may either be several different ways using the component driven by: an; adjusting gear according to analyser On the one hand, the speed of the -115 -Figure 8, or be:provided with a tangent indi feed motor can be controlled by means of a cator or scanner which engages -the pattern manually adjusted component analyser; alterdirectly according -to Figure-5 6 or 7 natively, a tangent indicator scanning the The modified circuit shown-in Figure 9 can -pattern to be copied can be used to adjust the be used in conjunction -with -the component component analyser directly, or the component -120 analyser drive described -ini Figure 8 with-the analyser can also be adjusted through an aid of an electro-mechanical control gear As adjusting gear In all these cases, the comalready indicated, there is superposed on -the -:ponent analyser operates in conjunction with feed motor an addltional motion, which-at -one of the conventional contact scanners or first responds to slight changes in the tangent tracers serving to connect or disconnect 125 angle and serves:to' disconnect the couplings, couplings in the feed drives, as indicated in particularly those of the-cross -feed It essen:the arrangement shown by way of

example in tially consists of a resistance combination con Figure 8 nected in series -with the:amplifiers 20 and However, there are many other possibilities -201, _which:-co'mbination is connected -by -for operating a contact tracer to connect the -130 si 85,135 couplings, in conjunction with a component analyser for changing the feed rates of a machine too In particular, the contact tracer can be used for the purpose of controlling the couplings, together with a tangent indicator which may be of the form shown in Figure 5, on a common pattern, a scanning finger of the contact tracer being positioned in the gap between the two rollers of the tangent indicator.

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* GB785136 (A)

Description: GB785136 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Improvements in or relating to heart catheters

Description of GB785136 (A)

A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available amongst the following family members:

DE1007477 (B) FR1125735 (A) DE1007477 (B) FR1125735 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip

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up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.

COMPLETE SP ECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to heart Catheters I, WILLY RUESCH, a German National, of Rommeishausen, near Stuttgart, -Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The present invention concerns a heart catheter made from thermoplastic synthetic substances and a process for the manufacture thereof. By the new construction and method of manufacture an especially pressure-resistant connection of the injection attachment inserted into the outer end of the catheter is obtained, in particular, by which it is reliably prevented from being pressed out of the catheter tube even when the inner pressure rises to 8 atm. during operation. According to the present invention the end of the catheter tube is connected by a metal stiffening tubule to the metal injection attachment, the tubule being slipped over the end of the tube and connected on the inside therewith by welding by means of a slipped-over tubular member of thermoplastic material and is screwed by its end into a bore of the injection attachment. The stiffening tubule is provided for this purpose with small bores distributed along its periphery and its length through which holes the slipped-over tubular member is connected by heating with the inner end of the catheter tube. To increase the adhesive strength between the slipped-over tubular member and the outer surface of the metal tubule, the latter is provided with annular ribs. The interior of the metal tubule is bored out over the greater part of its length to a diameter which is equal to the outer diameter of the catheter tube; this bore is joined by a smaller bore, the diameter of which corresponds with the inner bore~ of the catheter tube. The metal tubule is disposed directly on the catheter tube by the graduation formed by the reduction in diameter. The production of the connection between the metal tubule and the catheter tube is effected by heating with a high frequency current in a suitable bipartite heating-boxor holder and- subsequent cooling. The outer surface of the slipped-over tubular member is then rubbed down and made perfectly smooth along its surface by subsequent immersion in polyvinyl chloride lacquer. Then the slipped-over - tubular member is severed at the end at which the thread of the metal stiffening tubule is located and the connecting member screwed on to this thread whereby a perfectly

pressure-tight union of the injection attachment with the catheter tube is obtained. The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows the catheter in perspective; Fig. 2 is a section on a larger scale through the outer end of the tube with the injection attachment; Fig. 3 is a section on the line III-III of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an interior elevation of a part of the bipartite heating box or holder; Fig. 5 is a section bn the line V-V of Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 is an end elevation.of the two parts of the heating box or holder before assembly. The catheter consists in known manner of a catheter tube 1 extruded from thermoplastic synthetic material, which is open at its front end 2 and may be provided along its outer surface with a graduated scale 3. The rear end of the catheter tube is inserted into a cylindrical bore of a metal stiffening tubule 4, the bore diameter of which is equal to the -outer diameter of the catheter tube. This bore of the tubule 4 is joined by a narrower bore 5, the bore diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter d of the catheter tube so that the lumen remains unchanged for the passage through the catheter. The end of the catheter tube 1- is inserted into the metal tube as far as the abutment 6 formed thereby. The tubule 4 is provided along its outer surface with projecting annular ribs 7 and has small holes 8 which pass through from the outside to the inside and are evenly distributed over the length and periphery thereof. A tubular member 9 of thermoplastic synthetic material, which is retained by the ribs 7, is next slipped-over the tubule 4 and then the entire end of the tube with the parts 4 and 9 is placed in a metal heating box or holder consisting of two readily detachable parts 10 and 11 to be connected together. Both parts of the heating box or holder have semi-cylindrical recesses 12, 13, the diameter of which is adapted to the outer diameter ofthe slipped-over tubular member 9 or of the outer end 14 of the metal tubule 4 which end is provided with an outer thread. The heating box or holder is next closed by means of two wing bolts, for example. Then a steel rod, which is connected to the negative pole of a high

frequency apparatus, is inserted into the bore of the catheter tube, while the metal heating box or holder is connected to the positive pole. Under the influence of the heating produced by the current the tubular member 9 and the end of the catheter tube are sufficiently softened for the material thereof to become connected through the holes 8 so that both parts are firmly welded together. Upon the completion of this operation the member which is now united by welding is removed from the heating box or holder and immediately cooled with cold water. Subsequently thereto the tubular member 9 is rubbed over and immersed in a PVC lacquer so that the surface is completely smooth. Finally, the part of the tubularmember 9 disposed over the threaded parts 14 is severed and the attachment 15 screwed on to the thread. Thus the attachment is connected perfectly pressuretight to the catheter tube. What I claim is: 1. A heart catheter of the type referred to wherein a metal injection attachment is connected to the outer end of the catheter tube, characterised in that the end of the catheter tube is connected to the injection attachment by a metal stiffening tubule which is slipped over the end of the catheter and connected therewith by welding by means of a slipped-over tube member and is screwed on the injection attachment. 2. A catheter as claimed in claim 1, in which the stiffening tubule is provided with radial holes through which the slipped-over tubular member is connected by heating to the inner end of the tube. 3. A catheter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the stiffening tubule is provided along its outer surface with projecting annular ribs. 4. A process for the manufacture of heart catheters as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the stiffening tubule is slipped over the end of the catheter tube and the tubular member slipped-over the stiffening tubule and then these three members are heated in a metal heating box or holder by a high frequency current and thereby welded together, after which the welded member is removed from the mould and immediately cooled. 5. A process as claimed in claim 4, in which, after the charging of the metal heating box or holder, the latter is attached to one pole and the steel rod inserted into the interior of the catheter tube attached to the other pole of a high frequency apparatus. 6. A process as claimed in claim 4 or 5, in which, after the removal of the welded end of the catheter from the heating box or holder and cooling, the tubular member is rubbed down and immersed in PVC lacquer and thereby made perfectly smooth on its. surface. 7. A heating box or holder for carrying out the process according to

claims 4, 5 or 6, which consists of two metal parts adapted to be closed by wing bolts, and of a steel bar which is inserted into the interior of the end of the catheter tube. 8. A heart catheter substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings. 9. A process, for the manufacture of heart catheters, substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

* GB785137 (A)

Description: GB785137 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Improvements in or relating to textile drafting mechanism

Description of GB785137 (A)

PTN _SEFCATION PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: June 14, 1955. l 7 785 $ 137 No 17157/55 U '4 Application made in United States of America on August 17, 1954 Complete Specification Published: October 23, 1957 Index at acceptance:-Class 120 ( 2), D 2 (A 4:A 7:E 8). International Classification:-DO 2 d. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to Textile Drafting Mechanism We, SACO-LOWELL SHOPS, a Corporation of the State of Maine, United States of America, of 60 Batterymarch Street, Boston 10, State of Massachusetts, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a Patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:This invention relates to textile drafting mechanism of the type used in drawing frames. It is an object of the invention to provide :15 improved textile drafting mechanism. The invention provides textile drafting mechanism comprising: a series of bottom rolls; a co-operating series of top rolls; means locating the rolls to act successively on a sliver; a weighting arm overlying

the ton rolls; and at least one top roll weighting unit which comprises a housing mounted on the weighting arm, a plunger movable into weighting engagement with one of the top rolls, a compression spring acting against the plunger and a plug against which the spring is seated, which plug is screwthreaded into the housing for adjustment and has an aperture through which a stem portion of the plunger extends, and a stop motion actuating device comprising an electrical contact member above the face of the said stem portion and arranged so that when it is engaged by the stem portion, an electrical contact is effected. Preferably the said face of the stem portion is flush with the top of the plug when the drafting mechanism is running normadlly, and the electrical contact member is spaced a limited distance above that face Preferably a co Ver is pivotally supported to overlie the weighting arm and weighting and stop motion unit and an electrical contact arm is carried by the cover and establishes an electrical contact with the said contact memi 1 i k ber when the cover is closed. A specific construction of a drafting mechanism embodying the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings scj in which: Figure 1 is a view, mainly in vertical section of the drafting mechanism; Figure 2 is a somewhat diagrammatic view of the mechanism; 55 Figure 3 is a view of the top portion of the frame with the roll weighting and stop motion unit associated with a particular top roll being shown in section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1 and, 60 Figure 4 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of the unit shown in Figure 3. In this example the mechanism is embodied in a drawing frame of the general type having a series of bottom rolls which 65 may extend the full length of the machine and a cooperating series of top rolls which, in accordance with the usual practice, are of relatively short lengths with but a single boss, and which are supported and weighted 70 individually by means of weighting means at each end thereof. The machine is provided with a set of five bottom rolls and four cooperating top rolls The bottom rolls, which are preferably 75 provided with fluted surfaces and extend for the entire length of the frame, are indicated at 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18, respectively These rolls are supported at intervals in slots forming bearings in roll slides 20, which slides 80 are carried on supporting roll stands 22. The mechanism by means of which the several bottom rolls 10-18, inclusive, are driven at increasing peripheral driving rates for the drawing of a sliver, being well known 85 and forming no part of the invention, is not specifically shown. Cooperating with the bottom rolls, above described, are a series of f

6 ur top rolls indicated dt 24;i 26, 28 arid 30 respectirvly, 9 (o 785,137 said top rolls each having but a single boss and being of relatively short length thus providing essentially separate assemblies lengthwise of the machine, each of said assemblies comprising a series of cooperating top and bottom rolls mounted in the slides 20 through which rolls individual slivers are drawn In this example the top roll 30 consists of a roll which is mounted on an arbor 32 having at each end thereof a sleeve bearing 38 supported at each end in the vertically slotted slide 20 Top rolls 26, 28 and 24 are similarly arranged to cooperate in the drafting of individual slivers through the machine. In this example each top roll weighting and stop motion assembly has a single series of weighting units 21, 31, 41, 51, which engage against one end only of each top roll, a separate but identical overarm assembly being provided to engage the opposite end of each top roll of the series One of the individual units of the mechanism, as hereinafter pointed out, is well adapted also to provide for the instant stopping of the machine in the event that any lap up occurs which will have the effect of substantially increasing beyond a normal amount the separation of the top roll from the cooperating bottom roll, such unit 51 being that associated with the front top roll 30. The top weighting and stop motion unit specifically illustrated in Figure 3 comprises a plunger 36 which acts against the sleeve bearing member 38 on the arbor portion 32 of the top roll 30 The plunger 36 is supported within a housing 40 and is formed with an upwardly extending stem portion 42 A plug 44 having an axial bore through X 40 which the stem 42 is fitted to slide is screwthreaded into the open upper end of the housing A compression spring 46 coiled about the stem 42 between the plug 44 and a washer 48 fitted to the lower end of the stem 42 tends to force the plunger yieldably downwardly against the sleeve 38 The pressure exerted by the unit is readily adjusted by turning the threaded plug 44 The parts of the weighting unit including the do strength of the spring 46 are chosen so that when a pressure of exactly the desired amount is exerted against the arbor 32 of the top roll 30, for example, the upper end of the stem 42 will be exactly flush with the top surface of the plug 44. The unit above described is further constructed and arranged to cause the stop motion of the machine to operate In the event that any individual plunger 36 is forced upwardly thus denoting an abnormal thickness of the sliver passing through the machine such as might be caused by a lap-up an electrical circuit is closed to operate the machine stop motion The circuit closing connection referred to is specifically shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4 in which the plug 44 is provided with a resilient cap 50 of insulating material such as rubber

within which is mounted a conductor 52 having at its lower end a circular contact plate 54 70 which is spaced a slight distance above the top of the plug 44 by means of a washer 56 of non-conducting material From an inspection of Figure 4 it will readily be seen that when the upper end of the stem 42 is 75 in its normally adjusted position flush with the top of the plug 44 an air gap is interposed between the stem 42 and contact plate 54 The conductor 52 is engaged by a spring conductor arm 60 which is secured 80 by an electric terminal screw 62 to a bracket 64 carried on a cover 66 for the entire weighting and stop motion unit A connecting wire 68 leads from the terminal screw 62 to the relay of the machine stop motion 85 circuit which may be of ordinary construction and is not here shown. In this example, only a single unit engaging the front roll 30 is provided with stop motion actuating means, the cap 50 and 90 washer 56 being omitted from the other units. The individual weighting and stop motion units comprising each weighting and stop motion assembly are mounted on an over 95 arm frame which comprises a pair of bars and 72 which pass through slots 74 and 76, respectively, formed in the lower portion of each weighting and stop motion unit housing 40, leaf springs 75 being interposed 100 between the upper surfaces of said bars 70 and 72 and the upper surface of slots 74 and 76 to maintain said units in readily adjustable position -on said bars At their rear ends, (at the left as shown in Figures 1 and 105 2) the two bars 70 and 72 are connected to one another by a yoke 78 which is in turn connected by a pin 80 with a vertically extending rod 82 slidably mounted in a tubular guideway 84 in a cover support slide 86 110 mounted on roll stand 22 At its lower end the rod 82 is slotted to receive a horizontally disposed arm 88 which is supported in said slot by pin 83 on rod 82 The arm 88 is supported intermediate its length on a fixed 115 pivot 90 on the roll stand 22 and extends in a direction generally parallel to the bars 70, 72 beneath the bottom rolls 10-18, inclusive. At the front ends, (at the right hand end) of the top roll weighting and stop motion 120 assembly, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the overarms 70, 72 are connected to the bottom arm 88 by means of a contractible selflocking device which comprises a link 92 pivoted to the forward (right hand) end of 125 the lower arm 88 and a hook member 94 which is adapted to engage a cross pin 96 extending between the two overarm members 70, 72 at their forward ends The link 92 and hook member 94 are connected to 130 matically disconnected. Thus it will be seen that the foregoing example embodies: A weighting arm which overlies and is adapted to apply a predetermined pressure 70 against each of the top rolls of the series by means of novel adjustable spring weighting units which may also operate as the

actuating element of a stop motion mechanism 75 Simplified and improved weighting by means of a novel overarm weighting mechanism in which predetermined pressures may readily be obtained upon each of the several top rolls of the series and which is 80 well adapted for individual accurate adjust s ment of the weighting pressure. A weighting mechanism which is readily releasable from contact with the top rolls and which permits easy removal of top tolls 85 for cleaning, removal of lap ups and the like, as well as itself providing a structure far less likely to pick up lint and fly thanheretofore known drawing frame weighting mechanisms 90 Improved means for detecting a lap up as caused by the winding up of the sliver passing between the top and bottom drawing rolls around one of said rolls, and for imparting an actuating impulse to the stop 95 motion mechanism of the drawing frame to stop said frame before damage is caused by said lap up. It will be apparent to those skilled in this art that various modifications of the fore 100 going example may be made within the scope of the invention For instance, the top roll weighting and stop motion assembly herein disclosed may be constructed and arranged to provide an overarm having one 105 series only of individual top roll weighting and stop motion units, or said overarm may be constructed and arranged for mounting a plurality of such series of weighting and stop motion units, as for example, in pairs 110 to engage simultaneously against opposite ends of each top roll Identical weighting and stop motion units, such as that particularly described and illustrated in connection with Figure 3, may be provided for 115 engagement with each of the top rollers 24, 26, 28 and 30.

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