4.1 & 4.2Body Membranes & Skin

OBJECTIVES:

1. Learn the 3 Types of Epithelial Membranes

2. How the Connective Tissue Membrane is differs.

3. Components of the Integumentary System

4. What factors effect skin color

Epithelial Membranes

3 TypesCutaneousMucousSerous

Cutaneous Membrane

SKIN!Exposed to air

and is a dry membrane

Mucous MembraneLines all body

cavities that open to the exterior.

They are wet/moist membranes that are almost continuously bathed in secretions.

Serous Membrane

Lines body cavities that are closed to the exterior.

Occur in pairs (Visceral & Parietal)

Visceral & Parietal?Visceral Serosa:

The covering that touches the organ.

Parietal Serosa: The outer covering that does NOT touch the organ

The 2 layers are separated by a clear fluid called serous fluid.

The prefix “Peri-”…Means “to cover”Ex: Peritoneum:

Covers organs of the abdominal cavity.

Pericardium: Covers the heart

(exc.) Pleura: Covers the lungs

Connective Tissue Membranes

Synovial Membrane Composed of

connective tissue Contain NO epithelial

cells Found surrounding

your joints Provide a smooth

surface and secrete lubricating fluid

Integumentary System

Made up of skin and its components such as sweat, oil, glands, hair, & nails.

Functions of the Integumentary System

ProtectionRegulate Body TemperatureInsulates & CushionsMakes Vitamin DPrevents Water Loss

Structure of Integumentary System

2 Types of tissues: Stratified Squamous (epidermis) Dense Connective Tissue (dermis)

Blister: Forms when the epidermis and dermis separate from each other.

Subcutaneous Tissue: Adipose tissue deep to the dermis. Serve as a shock absorber & insulates deeper tissue.

Formation of a Blister

EpidermisAvascular (Men can shave skin layers

daily and not bleed!)5 Layers (Deep Superficial)

1. Stratum germinativum

2. Stratum spinosum

3. Stratum granulosum

4. Stratum lucidum

5. Stratum corneum (Thickest layer)

Layers of the Epidermis “Good Students Graduate Less Cocky”

Epidermis still…..Melanin: Pigment

which ranges in color from yellow to brown to black. Produced by cells

called melanocytes.

Found in the Stratum germinativum.

DermisPapillary

Upper dermal regionHave dermal papillaeFingerprints

ReticularDeepest skin layerContains blood vessels,

sweat & oil glands

Red face after running?Blood vessels

become engorged and move to the surface of the skin to cool off and regulate body temperature.

Skin Color3 Pigments contribute to skin color:

Amount of Melanin: (yellow, red, brown, black…)

Amount of Carotene: (orange, yellow)

Amount of Oxygen in hemoglobin

More Skin Color…Erythema: BlushingBlanching: Pale Ghost (Vasorestriction)Jaundice: Yellowing of SkinHematoma: Bruise