ADSAIR2012

ARCHITECTURAL DISCOURSETOM TUNG NGUYEN355 912

CONTENTS1. CASE FOR INNOVATION

2. RESEARCH PROJECT

3. EOI CONCLUSION

1.1 FEDERATION SQUARE 31.2 THREE-DIMENSIONAL FENCE 41.3 GALLERIA CENTERCITY 51.4 DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF NATURE 71.5 CORIAN SUPER-SURFACE SHOWROOM 91.6 UAE GEOMETRIC FOREST 121.7 BIONIC TOWER 13

2.1 MATRIX COMBINATION 152.2 CASE STUDY- DIOR GINZA 182.3 DEVELOPMENT 232.4 EXPERIMENTATION 25

3.1 GATEWAY PROPOSAL/INTERM 29

PREFACEWyndham Gateway Project:

The growing city of Wyndham is looking to establish a third major gateway to provide focus to the western interchange entry to the city. The site is located near the edge of the Wyndham urban growth boundary where future residential and commerical developments will meet the undeveloped plains.

Wyndham city for the past few years have been addressing the issue of its image, supporting its public art and sculptor. Art in Wyndham has become part of their everyday life and a central thread connecting people and place.

The installation will be primarily viewed by motorist travelling on the freeway, connecting geelong and the south west coast to the CBD.

“The Western Gateway installation should provide an entry statement and arrival experience and become a new identi-fier for the municapality. The installation should create a focal point of iconic scale and presence and encourage a sense of pride within the local community. The Western Gateway should propose new, inspiring and brave ideas, to generate a new dicourse.”Wyndham City, 2011.

Focusing on Orginallity & Engaging in Form, Abstract and Daytime & Night time viewing, we developed design driv-ers of Illusion/Perception, Movement/Interaction and Light Experiental which we shall focus on in our design aproach.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

PERSONAL:

FEDERATION SQUAREMelbourne, Australia, 2002LAB Architecture Studio

Known as Fed Square, this iconic public space has integrated itself into the lives of all Melbournians. Its distinctive “Fractal Facade” has always and maybe still, be under constant inter-pretations. It is this inital interpretations of the building that makes it what it is today, a public space that is enjoyed by the hundreds of users and visitors each day. It is somewhat become a cliche in its design, as the quote from Bates Smart;

“difference and coherence” - the bringing together of cultures to create something unique. Bates Smart, 1997.

A project so complex and ambitious at the time, was aimed at celebrating the growing city of Melbourne, drawing inspi-ration from the unique urban characterics. Represented in its form and facade, this fractal design incorporates the under-standing of surface geometries, contrasting sandstone, zinc and glass, where normally its visual propertise would fail to-gether has been able to maintain an overall coherence.

The identity of the building to place that Fed Square has been able to create through endless interpretation, fits in well with our Gateway project for Wyndham city. The gateway in itself would have to become an identity/icon of Wyndam.

Page 3.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

STATE OF THE ART:

THREE-DIMENSIONAL FENCESALLI ARCHITEKTEN

A parametrically altered design of a typical fence, this cocoon like structure accentuates the 3-dimeni-onality of space. The structure is fragmentized as thought the floor is being warped, creating a “spatial experience” of awe. The design helps to frames the view of its surrounding so that an awareness of space that reveals its true potenial.

The design uses integrated panels which follows the form of the structure. The overall shell itself is not entirely covered in panels which recreates the fragmentising experience but in the form lighitng and shading. This affect is accenutated by allowing certian panels to be able to rotate around it axis.

What this project does so successfully is that it has been able to give its users a spatial experience of illusion while giving emphasis to the surrounding in which it frames view.The interaction with light and shading, is something that i hope to experiment with in the Gateway project, be it with static exposed panels or kinetically interactive panels.

Page 4.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

STATE OF THE ART:

GALLERIA CENTRECITYCheonan, Korea, 2010UNStudio architect’s

Page 5.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

The main architectural theme for the Galleria Cheonan is that of dy-namic flow which is expressed in the layout and optical illusion in its facade design. Featuring a double layered facade, the external layer incorporates aluminium extrusion profiles and the internal layer is printed aluminium cladding. The profiling of the of the external layer are vertically straight, with the back layer set to an angle, the result is a wave like appearance which changes depending on the viewpoint of the vistors. This Moire efftect creates an illusion of an extruding form on what is essentially a flat surface. The vertical lines on the facade also makes the building unreadable as Ben van Berkel describes.

Page 6.

“The most interesting thing to me about the effect of the Galleria Cheonan is that, because of the organisation of the atrium and the moiré treatment of the facade, Illusions are created which result in the seeming alteration of scales and the creation of double images. No image is permanent in this building.”

The facade also features an intergrated lighting design which acts as a media facade, at night projecting soft co-lour waves of light. The different types of experience during the day and night is something that could be explored in the gateway project. The moire affect of optical illusion is something i hope to incorporate in the design

CASE FOR INNOVATION

A wall installation in the leonardo Museum of Art, Science and technology in Salt Lake City, Utah. It aims to communi-cate the global environmental information through an interactive interface embedded in the material of the wall. Inspired by the concept that sustainability for the 21st century should be crafted to evolve beyond conventional application of green techniques into something alive and integrated with the environment.

Using environmental sensor, data is feed to solar powered led embedded in the contours of the installation. Changes in temperature, wind, seismicity, and other factors are then represented in the installation lighting. The LEDs reflect these fluctuations with continuous spectral waves that represent minute shifts in the data feed from moment to moment.

In relation to the Gateway of Wyndham, the extruded contoured panels creates a very strong sense of movement. Be-ing extruded panels this will also affects how much the vistor can see through the wall changing depending on their viewpoint. This could create another dimension in the overall design of the moire pattern.

Page 7.

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION:

DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF NATUREEB Office

CASE FOR INNOVATION

Page 8.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Amanda Levete Architects, based in London, won the Interi-ors and Fit-Out Prize awarded at WAF, 2009.

“Transforming standard existing panel products the architect has demonstrated how to achieve a visually rich space with an economy of material and means.”

The Corian lounge, architectural concept is about space that is animated by the movement of people. Inspired by the ripples of waters, which causes intricate moire patterns, the installation is about revealing the moment of change through visual complexity. Expressed in the twisting and extruding of geometry of the sheets, dynamic forms of movements are created. Light is again used to emphasis the voids between each panels and the visual movement of the installation.

Digital technology was used as part of the process for generating the design as well as for the fabrication of the installation.

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION:

CORIAN SUPER-SURFACES SHOWROOMMilan, 2009Amanda Levete Architects

Page 9.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 10.

This precedent exploration of movement using panels helps explores the different possiblities to a new dimensions in the way the panels are twisted to limit and create view points which in itself reflects a sense of movement. The way artifical lighting is used to help emphasis such movement can be axplored in the gateway project for possible night lighting.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

PARAMETRIC DESIGN:There are many potential benefits of parametric modeling within architecture, it allowes an increase in com-plexity in design in a shorter period of time. It has enable architects to manipulate and rationalise design intent. Building design and construction solution can be developed using pre-rational process. Multiple design alternatives can be generated and evalutaed to provide the most efficient design, creating a bridge between different disciplines.

“Parametric design has enabled the exploration of complex geometry and deeper exploration of tradition design methods.” Roy Hudson

Structures have always been dervived from nature, and with the advancements in digital technology, ar-chitects and engineers can explore natural structures even deeper. An interesting example is a lightweight structural system found in bone tissues, especiallu found in birds. Bird’s bone tissue structure are ex-traordinary impact-resistant and extremely light, this performance and physical property can be applied in structures and architectural design.

With the avaiable parametric computation, digital represtenation of the biometic double layered structure can be created by studying and researching the organisation of the bone tissue cells into a developed al-gorithm equation.

This sets up new paradigms and new concepts that would help construct a new architectural discourse, with parametric computation as the main tool.

Page 11.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

PROGRAMMING & SCRIPTING:

UAE GEOMETRICAL FORESTAbu Dhabi, UAE, UNBUILT

LAVA architect’s

Page 12.

UAE Geometrical Forest is an example of a nature inspired digital proposal. An ar-chitectural forest is created by integrating a lightweight membrane layer attached to a tree structure whose form is determined by the most efficient load path and distribution points. The result is 4 tree like structures, whose branches form a dome than spans the courtyard, seen in the image to the left.

The membrane layer consist of a perforated pattern, which during the day pro-vides a cool sheltered area, which also displays a shadow pattern, which repre-sents the tree leaves shadow filtering through.

Commputation has allow for new and unique interptations of ideas. Digital tech-nology has allowed the architect to become the engineer to some aspects that new programming has allow for simulations for architectural design with incopor-ates the material propertises of the design. The result it a more efficient process for the architect where the engineer is consulted more efficiently.

What this allows us to do in the Gateway project is to turn to the environment of Wyndham for inspiration, may it be the Werrible River which has had a vital role in the development of Wyndham. Using programming, a script can be created to help dictate the patterns or contours used in the design depending on the nature of the river.

CASE FOR INNOVATIONSTATE OF THE ART:

BIONIC TOWERAbu Dhabi, UAE, UNBUILT LAVA architect’s

“Architecture has to perform as an ecosystem within the organic tissue of the city.”(LAVA, 2007)

The Bionic Tower by LAVA is proposal in which advance computation helps create a new discourse of architectural buildings, in the way it is design, functions and adapts to it external environment. The design concept of the Bionic Tower is to explore the array of ways in which nature and architecture can emerge as one structure. It uses reference to the biological organisation of the ecosystem, achieving its intelligence from the overall system. By using parametric modeling of a behavioural logic the system is constantly adapting and optimizing it performance. Inspired by nature and using advanced computation, they were able to design a structure with great lightness, efficiency and elegance. In addition new materials and technolo-gies have enable the design to be adaptable, responsive, environmental awareness and strength.

The design proposes the importance of a smart intelligent system, which embodies the efficiencies found within natural structures and architectures. Relating back to the gateway project, we could explore the pos-siblities of incorporating the wyndham enironment and natural structures such as the werribe river into the deisgn or possibly turning to the environment for inspiration of the design form.

Page 13.

Page 14.

CASE FOR INNOVATION

RESEARCH PROJECT

The Matrix below is an introduction to the capabilities of parametric modelling with Grasshopper. Using simple scripts provided under “INPUTS”, “ASSOICA-TIONS” and “OUTPUT”, a variety of different combinations can be achieved to express different design ideas.

Through this experiment are we able to understand some of the advantages of a scripted design, where a design can be manipulated in various ways to achieve the desire affect without have to start again.

Arbitary Points Boolean Pattern Curve Intersection Explicit Grids (rec)

Attr

acto

r Poi

ntCu

rve

Attr

acto

rIm

age

Sam

pler

Mat

hs F

unct

ion

INPUTS Page 15.

CUT DEVELOPMENT

RHINO & GRASSHOPPER MATRIX COMBINATIONInputs / Association / Output

RESEARCH PROJECT

Overlapping PatternExplicit Grids (hex) Surface Grids Surface Normals

Attr

acto

r Poi

ntCu

rve

Attr

acto

rIm

age

Sam

pler

Mat

hs F

unct

ion

INPUTS

Mul

ti-M

aths

Fn.

Usin

g Se

ts

ASSO

CIAT

ION

Page 16.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 17.

Explicit Grids (Square & Hexagon)Similar to the surface divide compo-nent, the Explicit Grid component pro-vides the user with more control the gird design. Like when using the hexagonal grid which has a more interesting layout similar to the boolean pattern of “true false” but in both the x and y directions. This affects could be used in exploring the spacing of the screen for the moire pattern, so that it would be suitable for high speed interaction.

Attractor CurveAttractor curve is an assoication which allows for interesting patterns to form. It works like a radar, where the distance between the points from the curve, de-termines the size of the circles.

Overlapping PatternsOverlapping Patterns invovles two sets of scripts for the same pattern where when combine produces a pattern of greater and interesting details. It may also be seen as hexagonal grid but with more control points.

Image SamplerImage sampler was a interesting tool where images were used as the func-tion for the script, where light and shade would ditact the sizes of the circles. This allows for faster exploration of patterns.

Using SetsAn association which al-lows for controlled set of circle diameters, provid-ing clearer patterns to form.

ConclusionRelating it back to the Gateway project, the scripts above were of great interest to our group as we believe we could further explore and create a design pattern that could provide the illu-sion of movement whilst having an interesting affect of lighting and shading.

Square Grid

Hexagon Grid

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 18.

PRECEDENT CASE STUDY

DIOR GINZA by Office of Kumiko Inui,

Tokyo, Japan, 2004.

DIOR GINZA by Office of Kumiko Inui, Tokyo, Japan, 2004.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 19.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Our Group choose the Dior Ginza Facade for our Cut-Study, the reason being that we wanted to explore the possiblities of perforations and how it may be used to produce movement and form on a two-dimensional level. It was also interesting in that is also contributed to two of our other design drivers of light and illusions. In this case study we had desired to achieve a technical level in which we can use in our Gateway Project of Wyndham.

The Dior Ginza facade is inspired from the cannage pattern found in their signature handbag design. The facade is created from a double layered skin, the external layer compromising of a 10mm thick aluminum panels, which are perforated with two set of diameter, which creates the cannage pat-tern. The second layer however is a printed silk-screen pattern, scaled down by 30%. The two skins are also separated by an airspace which is fiber optically illuminated. When all three compo-nents are put together at night, it produces a hazy and ghostly effect similar to the moire effect.

PRECEDENT: CUT STUDY

Page 20.

RESEARCH PROJECT

The Dior Ginza uses a perforated external layer, which is said to replicate the cannage pattern from there handbag range. This pattern can be recreated by connecting together the larger circles. The cannage pattern then can also be broken down by applying a square grid over its pattern, the result is three different sets of square panels, with two panels just being rotated. This makes writing the scripts for each panel much simpler, and also the fabrication process is much more efficient.

Page 21.

Rotated panels- 2 sets of circle diameters used to create the pattern above.

Plain panels- perforated panel using one set circle diameter. (small circles)

The Panels are re-engineered in grasshopper using a “explicit grid:square” input with an “at-tractor curve” and “using set” association. The surface is broken down into square grids where circles would be created at the points. The attractor curve is used to re-create the pattern of the cannage design, along with the using sets, which set limits to the circle diameters depending on its distant from the attractor curves.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 22.

The panel pattern is then fabricated to see if we achieve the same/similar affects of the Dior Ginza facade. The results we achieve were quite pleas-ing. We especially like how the perforation would line up at particular points which created stunning lighting images. We also found that the distant from the two panels also had a major affect de-pending on the angle at which it is being viewed at.We also then tried exploring perforations in a wavey curve with the back panel 30% smaller, however the affects weren’t that great as it should of required to sized perforations. But from that panels we can also see the sorts of affects that we can expect if we were to use circle strips for a patterned screen to achieve a kind of moire effect.

Our interest in illusion and movement saw our group researching the effects of the Moire pat-tern. The illusion affect is achieve by the inter-ference of patterns created when two screens are overlaid at an angle. The result is an entirely new pattern determined by the angle at with it is laid at. When the one screen is constantly moving over the other, the result was a moving pattern. The Moire effect can also be achieve using a variety of pattern either the same or in conjunc-tion with a vertical strip screen as seen below which produces a more hazy and ghostly effect.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 23.

MOIRE PATTERN: ILLUSION

Experimenting with the movement and form of the Galleria Centrecity moire pattern, which uses two vertical strip layers with the internal layer incoporating control angles at particular points which helps to create the the illusion of an extruding form on a two dimensional plane.

MOIRE MOVEMENT:

Our conclusion to this small experiment was that the illusion of form can be created with two static screens but then it was more effective when the front screen was moving across the other. The effects were all there but we needed to design a more dynamic pattern so that the two static screens could produce the same af-fect as if one screen was moving. Perspective was also and important factor in the kinds of forms that are produced.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 24.

Our exploration of movement in patterns found us looking into sine wave patterns and curves. Our aim was to test the kind of af-fects that can be produced when placed behind a vertical screen, to produce the moire affect.

MOVEMENT PATTERN

In grasshopper we set to produce the vertical moire screen, which started as our basic model. Then to create the desired curve we divide the sur-face into grids, where attractor curves were used to control the degree of curves. At this stage there wasn’t any conceptual theme driving the design of the screen but the aim of creating what we though could achieve our goal of movement in a 2D plane.

EXPERIMENTING with the MOIRE PATTERN

In our next experiment we want to produced extruding planes which would create some threshold on the visual affects of the moire pattern. This required thinner strips which would eventually be reproduced and stacked up to create the extruded planes. We also noticed that with thinner strips the level of dynamics in the pattern appeared greater.

Page 25.

EXPERIMENT ONE: Moire pattern

EXPERIMENT TWO: Reverse of Exp.1

EXPERIMENT THREE: Two patterned screen

EXPERIMENT FOUR: Contoured profiles

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 26.

EXPERIMENT FIVE: Moire pattern 2

EXPERIMENT SIX: 3 Layered moire

EXPERIMENT SEVEN: Moire pattern with extruded screen

EXPERIMENT EIGHT: Reverse of Exp.8, illusion of form

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 27.

EXPERIMENT NINE: Movement in Deep Contour by JAKE KELLY

DESIGN CONCEPT:

Comparing the affects of experiments, we particularly found experiment four interesting in how it could provide a third dimension into the whole design. The extruding contours provides a threshold in the perspective angle which would draw the attention of the viewers into the form/movement of the profiled contours like that od experiment nine. The moire pattern is still kept as it would provide the illusion of movement when viewed at a perpendicular angle.

RESEARCH PROJECT

EXPRESSION OF INTEREST

WESTERN GATEWAYCONCEPT

EOI CONCLUSION

Page 28.

EOI CONCLUSION

Page 29.

DESIGN BRIEF & DESIGN IDEAS:In addressing our clients the Wyndham city council’s design brief, three key design con-sideration seem to appeal to our group the most; they are Original & Engaging in Form, Ab-stract, Day & Night time viewing. It is within these three main consideration that we believe we can achieve an design that meets all of Wyndham requirements; in that it will become a place identifier, reflect the image of the local community, provide an arrival experience, inspire new and brave ideas, to generate a new discourse.

From the three design considerations, we developed three design drivers: Illusion/Perspec-tive, Movement/Interaction and Light/Experiential.

DESIGN PROPOSAL:

The main theme and connections of the installation are based on the Werribee River, one of the major attraction in Wyndham city. The Werribee river which aboriginal name translates into spine or backbone. The design proposal is a wall which runs along Site A and across and over the road into Site B is inspired from the backbone of the kangaroo seen in aboriginal painting where the backbone is greatly emphasised. The overall form of the wall is manipulated to maximise the optimal viewing period of the users while interacting with both direction of traffic.

EOI CONCLUSION

Page 30.

CONTOURED PROFILING: movementThe contoured profiling layer which is attached to the front of the Miore pattern will take inspiration from the Werribee River which has a major role in their local history and source of water. The river is a major at-traction in Wyndham providing a variety of activities for local and visi-tors such as fishing, canoing, and hiking trails.

The contours of the river will be adapted into the profiling of the panels, to reflect the rivers dimensions. Its winding form will create dynamic forms of movements which will be experienced by the users at an angle.

MOIRE PATTERN:illusionInstead of having a patterns which just evoked movement by using curves we intend to create a series of flowing images that uses patterns inspired from the local aborginal paintings. But when viewed at highspeed it will create the illusion that the pattern is flowing you as you drive along the freeway.

DAY/NIGHT TIME EXPERIENCE:lightDuring the Day the experiences of the Moire effect will be ma-nipulated depending on the period of the day, taking advantage of the morning sun, to reflect patterns of the moire onto the road, also protecting morning glare.

At Night the installation will be lit up from behind to reflect the moire pattern onto the contoured panels and ground. Coloured lights are used and controlled depending on current humidity and temperature. Headlights from on coming traffic will also add to the affect adding flashes of light which will filter through the screen and be seen on the opposite side.