1

Temperature You can dissolve more into a warm liquid than

you can into a cold liquid

2

Temperature You can dissolve more into a warm liquid than

you can into a cold liquid

Surface area Which dissolves faster, a cube of sugar or grains

of sugar? Why?

3

Temperature You can dissolve more into a warm liquid than

you can into a cold liquid

Surface area Which dissolves faster, a cube of sugar or grains

of sugar? Why?

Concentration The more solute already dissolved in a solvent,

the slower the rate of dissolving.

4

Pressure What affect would increasing pressure have on

the rate of dissolving? Why?

5

Pressure What affect would increasing pressure have on

the rate of dissolving? Why?

Mixing Describe what happens when you mix a solution.

6

Properties that depend only on the number of solute particles and not on their identity.

Vapor pressure lowering Boiling point elevation Freezing Point depression

The particles of solute are surrounded by and attracted to particles of solvent.

Now the solvent particles have less kinetic energy and tend less to escape into the space above the liquid.

So the vapor pressure is less.

Ionic solutes produce two or more ion particles in solution.

They affect the colligative properties proportionately more than molecular solutes (that do not ionize).

The effect is proportional to the number of particles of the solute in the solution.

NaCl CaCl2 Glucose

Salt is added to melt ice by reducing the freezing point of water.

Addition of ethylene glycol C2H6O2 (antifreeze) to car radiators.

NaCl or CaCl2

In this unit we studied SOLUTIONS! Know the vocab! Know HOW things dissolve Know what affects the rate of dissolving! What are colligative properties and how do they

affect physical properties? Know how to calculate concentration, dillutions,

and stoich.!! Know how to make a solution

21