1 Management.pptx

7/27/2019 1 Management.pptx

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Tourism-Oriented Establishments

Travel Agency, Travel Insurance, Tour GuideHotels & Resorts

Restaurant & Bars

Transportation Company

(Airline, Bus, Van, Car, Shipping, Rails, Small Boats)

Airport, Seaport, Terminals

Souvenir Shops, Spa, Shopping Mall, Salon

Event Organizing(Concerts, Musical Play, Conventions, Congress, Seminar)

Attractions

(Parks, Museums, Zoo)


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One of the most

important humanactivity is


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What is management?

Managementis the attainment of organizational

goal in an effective and efficientmanner through planning,

organizing, leading, and controlling

organizational resources.


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There are two important ideas in the

definition:

1. the four functions of management,

planning, organizing, leading, and

controlling.2. the attainment of organizational goals

in an effective and efficient manner.


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The Four Management Functions


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means defining goals for future organizational

performance and deciding on the task and use of

resources needed to attain them.

A lack of planning or poor planning can hurt an

organizations performance.


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involves the assignment of task, the

grouping of task into departments,

and the assignment of authority andallocation of resources across the

organization.


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involves the use of influence to

motivate employees to achieve

organizational goals.


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means monitoring employees activities,

determine whether the organization is on

target toward its goal, and makingcorrections as necessary.


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The Process of Management

PLANNING

Select goals and ways

to attain them

ORGANIZING

Assign responsibility

for task

accomplishment

LEADING

Use influence to

motivate employees

CONTROLLING

Monitor activities

and make corrections


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Organizational PerformanceManagement is the attainment of the organizational goal in an EFFICIENT and

EFFECTIVE manner.

MANAGEMENTis so important because

ORGANIZATIONS are so important.

Why ORGANIZATIONS are so important?


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In an industrialized society where

complex technology dominate,organizations

bring togetherknowledge, people, and row materials

to perform tasksno individual could do alone.


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Without organizations,

how could technology be provided thatenables us to share information around

the world in an instant,

electricity be produced from huge damsand nuclear power plant, and

thousands of videos and DVDs be madeavailable for our entertainment?


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ORGANIZATIONS pervade our society.

Most of you/us will: work in an organization in the future

Airlines, Hotels, Resort, Travel Agency, DOT, and etc.

be a member of several organizations School, Church, Community and etc.

deal with organizations every day

Hospital, Restaurant, Salon, Supermarket, Malls and etc

Managersare responsible for these organizations and forseeing that resources are used wisely to attain

organizational goals.


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What is an ORGANIZATION?ORGANIZATION

is a SOCIAL ENTITY

that is GOAL DIRECTED

and DELIBERATELY STRUCTURED.

means being made up oftwo or more people.

means designed to achieve some outcome, such

as make a profit, win pay increases for members,

meet spiritual needs, or provide social

satisfaction.

means that tasks are divided and

responsibilityfor their performance is

assigned to organization members.


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Based on our definition ofmanagement, themanagers responsibility is to coordinate resourcesin an effective and efficientmanner to accomplish

the organizations goals.

Effectiveness

the degree to which the organization achieves astated goal.

Efficiency

the use of minimal resources raw materials,money, and people to produce a desired volume ofoutput.


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The ultimate responsibility of

managers is to achieve high

PERFORMANCE,

which is the attainment of

organizational goals by using

resources in aefficient and effective manner.


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A managers job isCOMPLEX and MULTIDIMENTIONAL

which requires a range ofSKILLS.


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Management Skills

M

A

NA

G

ER


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Conceptual skills

is the ability to see the "big picture," to recognizesignificant elements in a situation, and to understandthe relationships among the elements.

it involves the managers thinking, information

processing, and planning abilities. it involves knowing where ones department fits into

the total organization and how the organization fitsinto the industry, the community, and broader

business and social environment. it means the ability to think strategically to take the

broad, long-term view.


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Human skills

is the ability to work with people;

it is cooperative effort;

it is teamwork;

it is the creation of an environmentin whichpeople feel secure and free to express theiropinions.

it is demonstrated in the way a manager relates to

other people, including the ability to motivate,facilitate, coordinate, lead, communicate, and

resolve conflict.

A manager with human skills:

> allows subordinates to express themselveswithout fear of ridicule and encourages

participation.

> likes other people and is liked by them.


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Technical skills

is knowledge of and proficiency in activities

involving methods, processes, and procedures.

Thus it involves working with tools and specific

techniques. it includes specialized knowledge, analytical

ability, and the competent use of tools and

techniques to solve problems in that specific

discipline.

is more important at lower organizational levels.


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Assignment:

(use 1 whole sheet of yellow paper)

1. Secure a copy of the following organizational

structure:

a. University of San Jose - Recoletos

b. College of Commerce

c. Tourism and Hospitality Management

Department

d. Tourism Circle Organization


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Managers use

conceptual, human, and technical skills

to perform the four management functions ofplanning, organizing, leading, and controlling

in all organizations large and small, manufacturingand service, profit and non-profit, traditional and

internet-based.

But all managers jobs are the same.

Managers are responsible for different departments,

work at different levels in the hierarchy, and meetdifferent requirements for achieving high

performance.


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Management Types

Vertical Differences

Top Managers

Middle Managers

First-line Managers

Horizontal Differences

Functional Managers

General Managers


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VERTICAL DIFFERENCES


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TOP MANAGERS

are the top of the hierarchy and are responsiblefor the entire organization.

They are responsible for setting organizational

goals, defining strategies for achieving them,monitoring and interpreting the externalenvironment, and making decisions that affectthe entire organization.

They look to the long-term future and concernthemselves with general environmental trendsand the organizations overall success.


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The most important responsibilities:

Communicating a shared vision for the organization

Shaping corporate culture

Nurturing an entrepreneurial spirit that can help the

company keep pace with the rapid change.

They have such titles: President

Chairperson

Executive Director Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

Executive Vice-President


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FIRST-LINE MANAGERS are directly responsible for the production of goods

and services. They are responsible for groups of non-management

of employees.

Their primary concern is the application of the rules

and procedures to achieve efficient production,

provide technical assistance, and motivate

subordinates.

They have such titles: Supervisor

Line manager

Section chief

Office manager


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HORIZONTAL DIFFERENCES


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Functional Managers

are responsible for departments that perform asingle functional task and have employees withsimilar training and skills.

It includes: Advertising

Sales

Finance

Human resources Manufacturing

Accounting


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Line Managers

are responsible for the manufacturing and

marketing departments that make or sell the

product or services.

Staff Managers

are in charge of departments such as financeand human resources that supports line

departments.


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General Managers

are responsible for several departments that

perform different functions.


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What is it like to bea manager?


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Ten Manager Roles

Divided into three categories:

1. Information (managing by information)

Describe the activities used to maintain and developan information network.

2. Interpersonal (managing through people)

Pertain to relationships with others and are related tothe human skills.

3. Decisional (managing through action) Pertain to those events about which the manager

must make a choice and take action.


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Ten Manager Roles

Category Role ActivityInformational Monitor

Disseminator

Spokesperson

Seek and receive information,

scan periodicals and reports,

maintain personal contacts.

Forward information to other

organization members; send

memos and reports, make

phone calls.

Transmit information to

outsiders through speeches,

reports, memos.


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Ten Manager Roles

Category Role Activity

Interpersonal Figurehead

Leader

Liaison

Perform ceremonial and

symbolic duties such as greeting

visitors, signing legal documents.

Direct and motivates

subordinates; train, counsel, and

communicate with subordinates.

Maintain information links bothinside and outside organization;

use mail, phone calls, meetings.


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Ten Manager RolesCategory Role Activity

Decisional Entrepreneur

Disturbance

Handler

Resource

Allocator

Negotiator

Initiates improvement projects;identify new ideas, delegate idea

responsibility to others.

Take corrective action during disputes

or crises; resolve conflicts amongsubordinates; adapt to environmental

crises.

Decide who gets resources; schedule,

budget, set priorities.

Represent department during

negotiation of union contracts, sales,

purchases, budgets; represent

departmental interests.


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Prelim Examination

Guidelines


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Practical Exam

Directions: Interview two local businessmanager of any tourism oriented

establishments.

Guide Questions:

How did you learn how to manage?

What are the challenges did you encounter and

how did you handle it? What factors made your company successful?

What are the changes you initiated for the

growth of the company?


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