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Slide 2 1 America becomes a world power: imperialism Slide 3 2 The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories DEFINITION OF IMPERIALISM The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Slide 4 3 IMPERIALISM IN THE 19 TH AND EARLY 20 TH CENTURIES Slide 5 4 Slide 6 5 Slide 7 6 PACIFIC ISLANDS UP FOR GRABS Slide 8 7 Which countries were the most powerful based on this map alone? Slide 9 8 TRADITIONAL UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY WAS ISOLATIONIST It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world PRESIDENT GEORGE WASHINGTON, 1796 Slide 10 9 Most of the 19 th century was spent exploring and settling the western frontier of the united states, this changed the perception of American boundaries Slide 11 10 Manifest destiny extended beyond the borders of the united states Slide 12 11 REASONS AND RATIONALIZATIONS FOR IMPERIALISM To gain more power in the international arena by following the European example (Global Competition) Missionary zeal To gain more wealth Desire for military strength Belief in cultural superiority Slide 13 12 Missionary zeal, the desire to convert heathen, non-believers led to people moving to uncivilized areas in hopes of helping natives Slide 14 13 Based on Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and the survival of the fittest but applied to society and politics. The wealthy are the strong and therefore have the right to rule the poor who are weak. The united states as a strong nation must dominate the weaker nations. SOCIAL DARWINISM philosopher Herbert Spencer who developed the theory of social Darwinism Slide 15 14 Great Britain, a major world power, served as a role model of an imperialist power Slide 16 15 Who? And Why? Slide 17 16 Missionaries from the U.S. went to Hawaii in the late early 19 th century Slide 18 Hawaii, Why? Missionary work Perfect stop for ships on way to Asia Sugar Pearl Harbor Slide 19 18 Queen Liliuokalani, LAST QUEEN OF HAWAII Read pg 344 Slide 20 Hawaii By mid 1800s sugar plantations owned by Americans made up the majority of the. Economy. To import into mainland there was a duty. These planters demanded Hawaii be added to Union so they wouldnt have to pay it. Pearl Harbor 19 Slide 21 20 SANFORD DOLE Became president of the republic of Hawaii after the queen was overthrown. Hawaii was annexed as part of the u.s. in 1898 Slide 22 Something to think about! Should America continue with Imperialistic views? Should America give back places they took over? One page essay. Due at the end of the period. 21 Slide 23 22 http://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=0hdTzlvYRdMhttp://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=0hdTzlvYRdM Slide 24 23 PROBLEMS BETWEEN CUBA AND THEIR SPANISH RULERS DOMINATE AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY AT THE END OF THE 19 TH CENTURY CUBA Slide 25 American Interest in Cuba In 1854 Cuba was under control of Spain America wanted to buy it (Sugar) Cubans revolted against Spain but lost. Demanded slavery be outlawed Spain crushed them and put in concentration camps 24 Slide 26 25 YELLOW JOURNALISM CARTOON WHERE THE TERM YELLOW JOURNALISM CAME FROM IN 1898 NEWSPAPERS PROVIDED THE PUBLIC WITH INFORMATION. PEOPLE LACKED THE ABILITY TO VERIFY IF THE STORIES WERE BIASED OR INACCURATE AND THEREFORE RELIED UPON NEWSPAPERS TO TELL THE TRUTH. PULITZER AND HEARST TOOK ADVANTAGE OF THE PUBLICS IGNORANCE BY TWISTING THE TRUTH TO SELL MORE NEWSPAPERS. SENSATIONALIZED STORIES WERE FEATURED HEAVILY IN THEIR NEWSPAPERS SINCE EXCITING HEADLINES INCREASED CIRCULATION. Slide 27 Yellow journalism is a type of journalism that downplays legitimate news in favor of eye- catching headlines that sell more newspapers. 26 Slide 28 Yellow journalism is any kind of reporting that fans the flames of hate against another group of people and demonizes them so as to legitimize obliteration of the other. By that definition, all news coverage leading up to and including the ongoing war against Iraq and Afghanistan, and the coverage of Iran is yellow journalism. An easy way to think abut it is if the news is covered in such a way that the reader or TV viewer is encouraged to cheer the death and destruction of the other (enemy) is yellow journalism. In a civilized society, it is wrong to cheer the death of anyone, even the other who may not be so nice to us. 27 Slide 29 28 HEARST PULITZER Slide 30 29 NEWSPAPERS FOCUSED ON SPANISH ATROCITIES TOWARDS THE CUBAN PEOPLE TO IGNITE PASSIONS AGAINST SPAIN SPANISH GENERAL WEYLER WAS SEEN AS A BUTCHER IN THE US FOR HIS TREATMENT OF THE CUBAN PEOPLE Slide 31 30 The u.s. public was especially sympathetic towards women in Cuba. Hearst focused on a young woman, known in the United States as Evangelina Cisneros, who was imprisoned in Havana. Petitions for her freedom were signed by prominent U.S. women and the pope, and addressed to the Queen regent of Spain. Evangelina managed to escape with the help of correspondent Karl Decker, who probably bribed her guards. The story presented to the public was that of a heroic "journalist that acts." Slide 32 31 ALL THAT WAS NEEDED TO START A WAR WAS A SPARK AND THIS CAME ON FEBRUARY 15TH, 1898, IN HAVANA HARBOR. USS MAINE IN HAVANA, CUBA HARBOR Slide 33 32 Slide 34 33 Yellow journalists were quick to blame the Spanish Slide 35 34 What is the message of this cartoon? 260 sailors killed. Hearst offerred 50 thousand for the capture of the spaniards Slide 36 U.S Demanded 6 month cease fire, and many other things. Did not matter America was thirsty for blood April 20, 1898 U.S. declares war on Spain 35 Slide 37 36 Troops mobilizing for war Slide 38 37 US FORCES CONQUER THE PHILIPPINES Destroyed the Spanish Fleet completely and took over the Phillipines Slide 39 38 US DESTROYS THE SPANISH FLEET AT MANILA BAY Slide 40 39 FIGHTING IN CUBA Slide 41 40 US GATLING GUNS: AN EARLY TYPE OF MACHINE GUN Slide 42 41 BATTLE SCENE WITH TEDDY ROOSEVELT ON THE HORSE Slide 43 42 THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND THE ROUGH RIDERS IN CUBA Slide 44 43 Slide 45 44 US OCCUPIES TWO MORE SPANISH COLONIAL POSSESSIONS Slide 46 Treaty of Paris Ended the Spanish American War Granted independence of Cuba from Spain. Gained Puerto Rico and Guam Bought the Philipines for 20 million U.S. had right to use Cuba for military War only lasted 15 weeks 45 Slide 47 46 Spheres of influence Boxer rebellion Open door policy Japan becomes imperialist Slide 48 47 FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN CHINA TAKES CENTER STAGE AT THE END OF THE 19 TH CENTURY RUSSIA 1896- 1898 BRITAIN 1898 GERMANY 1898 BRITAIN 1842 Slide 49 48 Slide 50 Open Door Policy U.S. feared China would be carved into European colonies shutting them out of trade U.S. proposed and Open Door so no one country would have a monoply 49 Slide 51 50 Why did U.S. Do this? Why did U.S. believe in this cause 1. the growth of U.S. economy depended its exports. 2. We felt we had right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open 3. The fear of closing an area of world to trade would cripple U.S. economy. Slide 52 51 Boxers were a group of people who did not want outside influences in China BOXER REBELLION, 1900 BOXER SOLDIER Boxer rebel Killed 100s of missionaries in retaliation.. American troops marched in and stopped rebellion Slide 53 52 Boxer troops entered the foreign held Peking (Beijing) Slide 54 53 An international force retaliated and seized control of Peking Slide 55 54 TEDDY ROOSEVELTS FOREIGN POLICY Speak softly and carry a big stick Slide 56 55 WHAT INTERNATIONAL ROLE DID ROOSEVELT ENVISION FOR THE UNITED STATES? Slide 57 56 Slide 58 57 The need for a canal,Why? http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=-uPCQy32tGg Slide 59 58 US INTERESTS TURNED TOWARD CENTRAL AMERICA AND A QUICKER WAY OF MOVING SHIPS BETWEEN THE EAST AND WEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA 15,000 MILES Slide 60 59 ADVANTAGE OF AN ISTHMIAN CANAL 8,000 miles Slide 61 60 PANAMA, A PROVINCE OF COLOMBIA, WAS CHOSEN FOR THE SITE OF THE PROPOSED CANAL Slide 62 Big Problem! Columbia controlled Panama and wouldnt sell the land to U.S. for the proposed $40 million. U.S. helped Panama declare independence. Fixed the problem 61 Slide 63 62 ROOSEVELTS SOLUTION WAS TO SUPPORT A PANAMANIAN REVOLUTION Slide 64 63 WILLIAM C. GORGAS 1905 Yellow Fever Quarantine Station 1905 fumigation car eradicating the mosquitoes In Cuba dr. Gorgas learned yellow fever was transmitted through mosquitoes. his discovery allowed the canal to be built. Slide 65 64 Construction of the canal Slide 66 51 miles long, 43,000 workers, 5,600 deaths, $380 million to build 65 Slide 67 Locks are 1,000 ft long 110 ft wide 41 ft deep 170 ft elevation change Slide 68 67 PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT VISITS THE CANAL CONSTRUCTION SITE IN 1906 Slide 69 68 Mira Flores, Panama Slide 70 69 1914 Opening of the Panama Canal Slide 71 70 Panama canal today Slide 72 71 http://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=lzJZ6U5 kkbo