THE BODYTbward an Eastem Mind-Body Theory

YUASA Yasuo

edited by

Thomas P. Kasulis

translated by

NAGATOMO ShigenoriThomas P. Kasulis

STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORI< PRESS

CONTENTS

Editor's IntroduetionAuthor's Preface and Acknowledgements(from japanese edition)Author's Introduetion to the English Edition

PART I: VIEWS OF THE BODY IN MODERNjAPANESE THOUGHT

1

1721

Editor's Summary 31

CHAPTER ONE WATSUjl Tetsuro's View of the Body 37Space anti body in intersubjectivity 37; Differeru:es betweenEast anti West in understantling spatial-temporal experience 41,·Unity 0/body-mintl 46

CHAPTER TWO NISHIDA KitarO's View of the Body 49The body's ambiguity in acting intuition 50,· Time-consciousness antispace-consciousness in relation to the body 52; The basho lplacejvis-d-vis being anti vis-d-vis nothing 56; Dual-layeredconsciousness 60; Practical apodicticity in experience qua basho 63;The dual structure in acting intuition 65; Problematics in Nishida'smetlwd 72

CHAPTER THREE Method and Attitude in Studying EastemThought 75

The needJor methodological reflection 7'; Depth psychoIoD antiEastem metaphysics 76

vi THE BODY

PART 11: CULTIVATION AND THE BODY

Editor's Summary 81

CHAPTER FOUR What Is Cultivation [shugyoH 85Kairitsu [precepts and canonicallawj in Indian Buddhism 8';Kairitsu in China and]apan 89; Kairitsu and cultivation in

]apanese Buddhism 9J; The meaning 0/ cultivation 98

CHAPTER FIVE Theories of Artistry [geido] 99Cultivation and training in the waka theory 01poetry 99; Thewaka-dhäraJ;l1 101; Performance and mind in Zeami 104; No-mindand body-mind oneness 107

CHAPTER SIX Dogen 111Zen's practical character 111; Cultivation's reversal 0/ the ordinaryunderstanding 0/being . 114; 11Ie body-mind relation in seatedmeditation 118; Molting the ordinary dimension 122

CHAPTER SEVEN Kokai 125Chinese Buddhism and the Indian character 0/ tantric Buddhism 126;Cultivation and the ten stages 01 mind 1JO; 11Ie body andsexuality 1JJ,' Sublimation 01 eros in the mandala 1J6; Comparisonwith meditation in Ku7J4alini Yoga 14J; The body-mind relation assokushinjöbutsu 148,' Overcoming the body's ambiguity throughcultivation 151

PART 111: THE CONTEMPORARY SICNIFICANCE OF EASTERNMIND-BODY THEORIES

Editor's Summary 157

CHAPTER EICHT Contemporary Philosophical Mind-BodyTheories 161

Bergson's Motor Scheme: Beneath the permeation 01perception andmemory 162; Brainfunction and the body's motor-scheme 16';Merltau-Ponty's Somatic Scheme: The sensory-motor circuit and Thesomatic scheme 167; Internal perception 170; The existentialintentional arc in the habitual body 171; General assessment 0/Merleau-Ponty's theory ofthe body 174; Emotions: 11Ie base ofthesensory-motor circuit 175,' Two directions in emotion 178

CHAPTER NINE Dual Strueture of the Mind-Body Relationship 181Surface and base structures: Dual psychopkysiological structures 0/body and mind 181; Psychophysiological research and Eastemthought 187; Philosophical significance 0/body-mind research 191;

Contents vii

Reversing our ordinary understanding 0/ the mind-body relation:Reevaluation 0/ Bergson 19j; Intuition and the unconscious 199

CHAPTER TEN Eastern Meditation 203Psychotherapy and cultivation: Disease and eure in psychosomaticmeditine 20); psychotherapy and meditative cultivation 207; 71Iebody-mind relation in IndÜln meditation 210,' Metaphysics and themind-bady theory: Body-mind and Eastern metaphysics(metapsychics) 216; The body in Indian and Chinese medicine 219;Intuition and humanness 221,' Paranormal Anowledge 229

Autho(s Conclusion to the English Edition 233Notes 241Index 253