______________Necessary component of movement.

Classified in various ways:

1)

BIOL 2010 Human Anatomy & Physiology IBIOL 2010 Human Anatomy & Physiology I

If bone is relatively rigid and inflexible how can we move?

______________

______________

______________

No joint cavity, little-no movement

No joint cavity, hyaline or fibrocartilage

Joint cavity, synovial fluid, articular cartilage

?

What are the different structural types of joints?

_________

Bones held together with ___________ projections and ___________tissue PLUS continuous _______________

____________

(gompho = bolt together)

____________

Bones held together with ___________, but bones __ together lack “single periosteum”

Bones form a _____ and socket to connect the two, held together with ______________

What are the different sub-types of fibrous joints?

What would be the result of a synostosis that occurred in a child’s skull before the brain had matured?

Take 5!!!

Discuss with your neighbor and predict

an answer.

Predict an example for each of the 3 types of fibrous joints!

Refer to table 8.1 for additional examples

(syn = together)(chondro = cartilage)

______________

_____________(= growing together)

This type of joint is comprised of _________________with limited or no movement

This joint is joined with _____________ and has little or no movement

Let’s generate some examples!

What are the different sub-types of cartilaginous joints?

Complex joints comprised of:

1)

2)

3)

What makes synovial joints unique?

_________ are extensions of the synovial membrane that form “cushions” for tendons etc.

Slight movement, 1 axis

Considerable movement, 2 axes

Considerable movement, 1 axis

What are the different sub-types of synovial joints?

See fig. 8.6

Rotational movement, 1 axis

High degree of movement, multiaxial

considerable movement, 2 axes

What are the different sub-types of synovial joints?

See fig. 8.6

Angular

________

________

_________

_________

“bend” moves anteriorly

“straighten” moves posteriorly

Moves away from midline

Moves towards midline

Coronal plane as reference

Sagittal plane as reference

Behaviors that are examples of these?

Exceptions to these?

What are the different types of movements?

Circular

Rotation around long axis (medial or lateral)

Rotation of the forearm (prone & supine)

Combination of angular movements to create circular movements (ball-and-socket joints)

What are the different types of movements?

Special

Moves superiorly

Moves inferiorly

Relates to transverse

plane

Moves anteriorly

Moves posteriorly

Relates to coronal plane

These movements mainly pertain to the mandible and scapulae

What are the different types of movements?

Special

Moving mandible towards or away from midline

Thumb and another finger

Foot lateral or medial

What are the different types of movements?

Take 5!!!Race to see which person can circle the location of the joints described OR can mimic the movement described.

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

• Articular disk between articular cartilages

• TMJ disorders (pg. 254)

Synovial Joints:Specific joints____________or______________

Very free-ranging joint

Held in position via:

called the rotator cuff collectively

Glenohumeral ligaments (3)

Caracohumeral ligament

Transverse humeral ligament

___________ _______irritated by compression via deltoid muscle

Synovial Joints:Specific joints______________or_____________

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

or

Side-to-side motion limited by a pair of ligaments:

Olecranon bursa

Humerus

Medial epicondyle

Ulnar collateral ligament

Ulna

Lateral epicondyle

Radial collateral ligament

Annular ligament

Radius

Biceps tendon

Where is the Proximal radioulnar joint?

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

Hinge or ellipsoid

Femur only articulates with ______

Articular disks of fibrocartilage ~ __________(medial & lateral)

Bones (?) held in position via… •

• •

•

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

Bursae can become inflammed (bursitis) resulting in housemaid’s knee or clergyman’s knee

Knee damage often involves:•

•

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

Ligaments most often injured…

____________ & anterior talofibular ligaments

Synovial Joints:Specific joints

Arches of feet ________& ____________ force

Articular Pathology:

_________________Old age arthritis

___________________autoimmune (attacks own tissues)

______________Replacement of joints with prostheses

prosthesis

bone

What bone?