Cell Parts and Functions KEY

1. What is an organelle? An organelle is a part/structure in the cell that has a specialized function. 2. Complete the table by describing the function of each cell structure. Also, for each type of cell, indicate whether or not each structure is present (put an “X” if present).

StructureFunction/

Characteristics

Plant

Cell

Animal

Cell

Cell wall Tough rigid outer covering that protects plants X

 

Chloroplast

Enables plants to make sugars through photosynthesis

 X  

Leukoplast Store starch, lipids, proteins  X  

Cell Membrane Separates cell content from the environment

 X

X  

NucleusStores genetic information (DNA/RNA),Instructions for the cell

 X

 X

nucleolus Place where ribosomes are made  X

 X

Golgi apparatus

Modify, sort and package proteins (from ER) for storage or secretion out of the cell.

 X

 X

Rough E.R.Makes proteins that will be exported out of the cell, fold proteins

 X

 X

Smooth E.R.

Makes membrane lipids and enzymes that destroy toxins

 X

 X

Ribosome Makes proteins X

 X

LysosomeContains digestive enzymes that break down “junk” in the cell  

  X

StructureFunction/

CharacteristicsPlan

t Anim

al

Cell Cell

Mitochondria Generates energy 

  X

  X

Cytoplasm Area between the nucleus and cell membrane  X

  X

Cytoskeleton Provide structure and support for the cell

  X

  X

Cilia Short, hair-like projections that allow cell to move    X

Flagella Long, tail-like projections that allow cell to move     X

VaculoesPlace for storage of water, salt, proteins, carbohydrates

X

X

1) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 5) Mitochondria 2) Nucleus 6) Vaculoes3) Cytoplasm 7) Golgi apparatus4) Ribosome (free)

7)

6)

5)

4)3)

2)

1)