Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities ...

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Page 1: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 2: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities

Classification is also known as taxonomy

Taxonomists are scientists that identify & name organisms

Page 3: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 4: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

1. Binomial nomenclature

2. Taxon Groups (hierarchal system of classifying organisms)

3. Phylogony & Cladistics (classifying based on evolutionary histories of animals)

Page 5: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Why classify?

1. Single, universal name1. Single, universal name

2. Avoid confusion 2. Avoid confusion (be on same page)(be on same page)

3. Understand how living 3. Understand how living things are related things are related to one anotherto one another

Page 6: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Page 7: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Page 8: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• System of scientific naming using Latin (dead language of scholars)• Developed by Carolus Linnaeus (“Father of Taxonomy 1750s)• Two word scientific name consists of Genus

and species• Genus name capitalized, species name not • Must be underlined when written or printed

in italics ex. Ursus maritimus or Ursus maritimus

Page 9: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Which TWO are more closely related?

Page 10: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

E.g. What are the FIVE common names of this animal?

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1. Mountain Lion2. Cougar3. Puma4. (Florida) Panther5. Catamount

Rocky Mountain resident

Florida resident

Page 12: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

It would be very confusing for scientists if we didn’t have a scientific name to research and talk about the animal.

Felis concolor = scientific name of the

mountain lionGenus species

Page 13: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Homo sapiens(wise man)

1. Scientific name for human beings

2. Homo = genus (capitalized &

underlined) 3. sapiens = species

(underlined, but NOT

capitalized)

Page 14: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• Used to identify organismsUsed to identify organisms• Characteristics given in Characteristics given in

pairspairs• Read both characteristicsRead both characteristics

and either go to another and either go to another set of characteristics set of characteristics OROR identify the organismidentify the organism

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Page 15: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

1a Tentacles present – Go to 21a Tentacles present – Go to 21b Tentacles absent – Go to 31b Tentacles absent – Go to 32a Eight Tentacles – Octopus2a Eight Tentacles – Octopus2b More than 8 tentacles – 32b More than 8 tentacles – 33a Tentacles hang down – go to 43a Tentacles hang down – go to 43b Tentacles upright–Sea 3b Tentacles upright–Sea AnemoneAnemone4a Balloon-shaped body–Jellyfish4a Balloon-shaped body–Jellyfish4b Body NOT balloon-shaped - 54b Body NOT balloon-shaped - 5

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Page 16: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Taxon ( taxa-plural) is a category into which related organisms are placed•There is a hierarchy of groups (taxa) from broadest to most specific•Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species

Page 17: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Hierarchy-Taxonomic Hierarchy-Taxonomic GroupsGroups

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

BROADEST TAXON

• Kingdom is least specific, largest group

• Species is most specific, contains only one kind of organism

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KKinging

PPhilliphillip ..

CCameame

OOverver

FForor

GGraperape

SSoda!oda!

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Page 19: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Kingdom (kings) (King Phylum (play) (Phillip)Class (chess) (Came)Order (on) (Over)Family (fine) (For)Genus (green) (Grape)Species (silk) (Soda)

Page 20: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 21: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

6 kingdoms to which all living things must be classified into

based on cell type

Page 22: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

UnicellularProkaryotic1. Archaebacteria –ancient bacteria2. Eubacteria – most bacteria

Eukaryotic3. Protista – single-celled organisms

Multicellular4. Fungi – e.g. mushrooms5. Plantae - plants6. Animalia - animals

Page 23: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• Probably the 1st cells to evolve• Live in HARSH environments• Found in:

– Sewage Treatment Plants– Thermal or Volcanic Vents– Hot Springs or Geysers that are acid– Very salty water (Dead Sea; Great Salt

Lake)

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Page 24: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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ARCHAEAN

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• Some may cause DISEASE• Found in ALL HABITATS except

harsh ones• Important decomposers for

environment• Commercially important in making

cottage cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, etc.

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Page 26: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Live in the intestines of animalsLive in the intestines of animals

Page 27: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• ProtistaProtista (protozoans, algae…) (protozoans, algae…)• FungiFungi (mushrooms, yeasts …) (mushrooms, yeasts …)• PlantaePlantae (multicellular plants) (multicellular plants)• AnimaliaAnimalia (multicellular animals) (multicellular animals)

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Page 28: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

•Most are Most are unicellularunicellular•Some are Some are multicellularmulticellular•Some are Some are autotrophicautotrophic, while , while others are others are heterotrophicheterotrophic•AquaticAquatic

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Page 29: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• Multicellular,Multicellular, except yeastexcept yeast

• Absorptive Absorptive heterotrophsheterotrophs (digest food (digest food outside their outside their body & then body & then absorb it)absorb it)

• Cell walls Cell walls made of made of chitinchitin

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Page 30: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

•MulticellularMulticellular•AutotrophicAutotrophic•Absorb Absorb sunlight sunlight to to make glucose – make glucose – PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis•Cell walls made of Cell walls made of cellulosecellulose

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Page 31: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• MulticellularMulticellular• Ingestive Ingestive

heterotrophs heterotrophs (consume food (consume food & digest it & digest it inside their inside their bodies)bodies)

• Feed on plants Feed on plants or animalsor animals

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Page 32: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Page 33: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Page 34: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• Most Most generagenera contain a number of contain a number of similar speciessimilar species

Bluegill Green SunfishBluegill Green SunfishLepomis macrochirus Lepomis cyanellus Lepomis macrochirus Lepomis cyanellus

• Classification is based on evolutionary relationshipsevolutionary relationships

Page 35: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 36: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

• Homologous structuresHomologous structures (same structure, different (same structure, different function)function)

• Similar Similar embryoembryo developmentdevelopment

• Molecular SimilarityMolecular Similarity in in DNADNA, , RNARNA, or , or amino acidamino acid sequence of Proteinssequence of Proteins

Page 37: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Homologous Structures (BONES in the FORELIMBS) Homologous Structures (BONES in the FORELIMBS) shows Similarities in mammals.shows Similarities in mammals.

Page 38: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

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Page 39: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 40: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Means of organizing species based on common relationships : Family tree that shows evolutionary relationships that are thought to exist among organisms.

• Based on embryological development, chromosome similarity, biochemical and morphological similarities, and gene sequence data

Page 41: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Cladistics:

• Type of phylogenetic classification that establishes evolutionary relationships based on derived characters. Derived characters: Features that evolved

only within the group being examined Ex: Feathers on birds

• The more features organisms have in common, the closer the relatedness of the organisms in evolutionary history

Page 42: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 43: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Diagram showing how organisms are related Diagram showing how organisms are related based on based on shared, derived characteristicsshared, derived characteristics such as feathers, hair, or scalessuch as feathers, hair, or scales

Page 44: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 45: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 46: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.
Page 47: Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists.

Geologic Time Scale


Classification To organize living things in an orderly and consistent way.

Classification To organize living things in an orderly and consistent way.

An Orderly Financial House

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Classification Sorting it all out. Why Classify? Classification is putting things into orderly groups based on similar characteristics. Allows us to figure.

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Ch. 13 Entomology. Taxonomy Classification of Things in an Orderly Way.

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CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS · 2013-07-09 · 7/9/2013 2 Latin Names are Understood by All Taxonomists Definition & Benefit of Classification Classification System Conclusion Classification

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Classification Classification is The arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities/differences.

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Early Taxonomists - In Class, with Miss. Coatescoatesj.weebly.com/uploads/6/1/0/2/61028649/dol_early... · 2018. 9. 1. · 1 Early Taxonomists • Classifying animals by the First

Early Taxonomists - In Class, with Miss. Coatescoatesj.weebly.com/uploads/6/1/0/2/61028649/dol_early... · 2018. 9. 1. · 1 Early Taxonomists • Classifying animals by the First

Chapter 10 CLASSIFICATION Classification: an orderly grouping of organisms The study of classifying organisms is called taxonomy –Provides universal names.

Chapter 10 CLASSIFICATION Classification: an orderly grouping of organisms The study of classifying organisms is called taxonomy –Provides universal names.

ZOOLOGY · Binomial nomenclature is thus an important part of taxonomy as it is the system by which species are named. Taxonomists are also concerned with classification, including

ZOOLOGY · Binomial nomenclature is thus an important part of taxonomy as it is the system by which species are named. Taxonomists are also concerned with classification, including

1 Classification. 2 What is Classification? Classification/taxonomy is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Taxonomists.

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Classification Chapter 9. Classification is the Arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities.

Classification Chapter 9. Classification is the Arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities.

CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMSlsihub.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2014/02/6-Biology...2014/02/06  · 7/9/2013 2 Latin Names are Understood by All Taxonomists Definition & Benefit of Classification

CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMSlsihub.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2014/02/6-Biology...2014/02/06  · 7/9/2013 2 Latin Names are Understood by All Taxonomists Definition & Benefit of Classification

1 Classification. 2 What is Classification? Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification.

1 Classification. 2 What is Classification? Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification.

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Classification of Living Things. What is classification? Classification: putting things into orderly groups based on similar characteristics.

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Taxonomy : The classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships. The first individual to propose an orderly system.

Taxonomy : The classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships. The first individual to propose an orderly system.