გიორგი ედიბერიძე 2008 წელი

dedamiwa miliardobiT cocxali organizmis saxls dedamiwa miliardobiT cocxali organizmis saxls warmoadgens. sasicocxlo masalebs es warmoadgens. sasicocxlo masalebs es organizmebi biosferodan iReben.organizmebi biosferodan iReben.biosferoSi sami sfero arsebobs esenia:biosferoSi sami sfero arsebobs esenia:liTosfero-xmeleTi;liTosfero-xmeleTi;hidrosfero-wyali;hidrosfero-wyali;atmosfero-haeri.atmosfero-haeri.

biosfero da masSi mcxovrebi biosfero da masSi mcxovrebi organizmebi mudmiv organizmebi mudmiv urTierTqmedebaSi arian. samwuxarod urTierTqmedebaSi arian. samwuxarod xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac adamianTa gaufrTxilebloba biosferoSi adamianTa gaufrTxilebloba biosferoSi garkveul cvlilebebs iwvevs, arRvevs garkveul cvlilebebs iwvevs, arRvevs bunebriv kanonzomierebebs da bunebriv kanonzomierebebs da seriozul zians ayenebs garemos.seriozul zians ayenebs garemos.

1.1. wyaliwyali2.2. niadaginiadagi3.3. haerihaeri

wyali erT-erTi mTavari da arsebiTi wyali erT-erTi mTavari da arsebiTi ramaa sicocxlisaTvis, amitom igi ramaa sicocxlisaTvis, amitom igi gonivrul moxmarebasa da gafrTxilebas gonivrul moxmarebasa da gafrTxilebas saWiroebs, miT umetes, rom sufTaa saWiroebs, miT umetes, rom sufTaa dedamiwis wylis 3% da am 3%-is dedamiwis wylis 3% da am 3%-is mxolod mcire nawilia dasalevad mxolod mcire nawilia dasalevad vargisi.vargisi.

wylis dabinZurebis problema axali ar aris wylis dabinZurebis problema axali ar aris da igi arsebobs yvelgan, sadac da igi arsebobs yvelgan, sadac adamianebi binadroben. wylis adamianebi binadroben. wylis dabinZurebis mTavari mizezi dabinZurebis mTavari mizezi mdinareebSi, zRvebSi, tbebsa da mdinareebSi, zRvebSi, tbebsa da okeaneebSi sayofacxovrebo da teqnikuri okeaneebSi sayofacxovrebo da teqnikuri narCenebis Cayraa. xSirad wyali isea narCenebis Cayraa. xSirad wyali isea dabinZurebuli, rom misi sasmelad an dabinZurebuli, rom misi sasmelad an dasabanad gamoyeneba janmrTelobisTvis dasabanad gamoyeneba janmrTelobisTvis saxifaToc kia.saxifaToc kia.

iSviaTi ar aris iseTi SemTxvevebi, roca iSviaTi ar aris iseTi SemTxvevebi, roca wyalSi xvdeba qimiuri da Termuli wyalSi xvdeba qimiuri da Termuli narCenebi. wyalSi Cayrili nagavi narCenebi. wyalSi Cayrili nagavi ukvalod ar ikargeba. igi xSirad ukvalod ar ikargeba. igi xSirad napirebze iriyeba da mdinaris fskerze napirebze iriyeba da mdinaris fskerze ileqebaileqeba. .

wyalSi moxvedrili nagavi gavlenas wyalSi moxvedrili nagavi gavlenas axdens wyalze da wyalSi mcxovreb axdens wyalze da wyalSi mcxovreb organizmebze. dabinZurebuli wyali organizmebze. dabinZurebuli wyali iwvevs iseT infeqciur daavadebebs, iwvevs iseT infeqciur daavadebebs, rogoricaa: qolera, muclis tifi, rogoricaa: qolera, muclis tifi, dizenteria da safrTxes uqmnis dizenteria da safrTxes uqmnis adamianis janmrTelobas.adamianis janmrTelobas.

rac ufro izrdeba mosaxleobis raodenoba rac ufro izrdeba mosaxleobis raodenoba dedamiwaze, miT ufro metad mwvavdeba dedamiwaze, miT ufro metad mwvavdeba niadagis dabinZurebis problema. wvimis niadagis dabinZurebis problema. wvimis wyals nagvidan Camorecxili wyals nagvidan Camorecxili damabinZureblebi uxvad Caaqvs niadagSi, damabinZureblebi uxvad Caaqvs niadagSi, sadac es damabinZurerlebi miwisqveSa sadac es damabinZurerlebi miwisqveSa wyaroebsa da nakadulebs uerTdeba. garda wyaroebsa da nakadulebs uerTdeba. garda amisa, Ria nagavsayrelebi xels uwyobs amisa, Ria nagavsayrelebi xels uwyobs virTxebis, mwerebisa da sxva infeqciis virTxebis, mwerebisa da sxva infeqciis gadamtani organizmebis gamravlebasgadamtani organizmebis gamravlebas..

arsebobs iseTi saSiSi arsebobs iseTi saSiSi damabinZureblebic rogoricaa damabinZureblebic rogoricaa feTqebadi, toqsikuri feTqebadi, toqsikuri (momwamlavi) da radioaqtiuri, (momwamlavi) da radioaqtiuri, romlebic kanis damwvrobas romlebic kanis damwvrobas sxeulis qsovilebisa da ujredebis sxeulis qsovilebisa da ujredebis gadagvarebas iwvevs.gadagvarebas iwvevs.

Bbevri nivTiereba, romelic yoveldRiurad Bbevri nivTiereba, romelic yoveldRiurad gamoiyeneba yofa cxovrebaSi, saSiSi gamoiyeneba yofa cxovrebaSi, saSiSi damabinZurebelia, magaliTad, damabinZurebelia, magaliTad, maTeTreblebi, sadezinfeqcio saSualebebi, maTeTreblebi, sadezinfeqcio saSualebebi, saRebavebi, teqnikuri zeTebi, pesticidebi saRebavebi, teqnikuri zeTebi, pesticidebi da sxva. maTi niadagSi moxvedra iwvevs da sxva. maTi niadagSi moxvedra iwvevs niadagis dabinZurebas. aseT niadagze niadagis dabinZurebas. aseT niadagze moyvanili produqti safrTxes uqmnis rogorc moyvanili produqti safrTxes uqmnis rogorc adamianis aseve sxva cocxali organizmebis adamianis aseve sxva cocxali organizmebis janmrTelobas.janmrTelobas.

haeris dabinZureba industriul haeris dabinZureba industriul revolucias mohyva. mrewvelobis zrda revolucias mohyva. mrewvelobis zrda ZiriTadad damokidebulia energiaze, ZiriTadad damokidebulia energiaze, romelic didi raodenobiT miiReba romelic didi raodenobiT miiReba qvanaxSirisa da SeSis wvis Sedegad.qvanaxSirisa da SeSis wvis Sedegad.

haeris ZiriTad damabinZureblebad gvevlineba haeris ZiriTad damabinZureblebad gvevlineba ferfli, mtveri, muri, romlebic warmoiqmneba ferfli, mtveri, muri, romlebic warmoiqmneba organuli nivTierebis wvis Sedegad. qalaqebSi, organuli nivTierebis wvis Sedegad. qalaqebSi, sadac didi raodenobiT transporti moZraobs, sadac didi raodenobiT transporti moZraobs, xSirad vxvdebiT fotoqimiur smogs-moyviTalo-xSirad vxvdebiT fotoqimiur smogs-moyviTalo-moyavisfro nisls, romelic manqanebidan moyavisfro nisls, romelic manqanebidan gamonabolqvisa da mzis sinaTlis reaqciis gamonabolqvisa da mzis sinaTlis reaqciis Sedegad warmoiqmneba. Sedegad warmoiqmneba.

dedamiwis zedapirze moZraobisas dedamiwis zedapirze moZraobisas qars damabinZureblebi sxvadasxva qars damabinZureblebi sxvadasxva adgilze gadaaqvs. tyviis, spilenZisa da adgilze gadaaqvs. tyviis, spilenZisa da rkinis umciresi nawilakebi haerSi rkinis umciresi nawilakebi haerSi ifanteba. adamianebi da cxovelebi ifanteba. adamianebi da cxovelebi advilad CaisunTqaven maT haerTan advilad CaisunTqaven maT haerTan erTad. filtvebSi moxvedrili nawilakebi erTad. filtvebSi moxvedrili nawilakebi ki did saSiSroebi adamianis ki did saSiSroebi adamianis janmrTelobasjanmrTelobas.

haeris dabinZureba uamrav qronikul daavadebas haeris dabinZureba uamrav qronikul daavadebas ukavSirdeba. igi auaresebs adamianebis, gansakuTrebiT, ukavSirdeba. igi auaresebs adamianebis, gansakuTrebiT, bavSvebsa da moxucebSi janmrTelobis mdgomareobas, bavSvebsa da moxucebSi janmrTelobis mdgomareobas, azianebs mcenareebsa da Reroebs. mcenareTa daRupvis azianebs mcenareebsa da Reroebs. mcenareTa daRupvis Sedebad ekosistemaSi irRveva kvebiTi jaWvi da uamravi Sedebad ekosistemaSi irRveva kvebiTi jaWvi da uamravi cxoveli sakvebis gareSe rCeba. garda amisa, uamrav cxoveli sakvebis gareSe rCeba. garda amisa, uamrav cxovels uRiziandeba Tvalebi da sxvadasxva rTuli cxovels uRiziandeba Tvalebi da sxvadasxva rTuli daavadebebiT avaddeba.daavadebebiT avaddeba.arsebuli monacemebis mixedviT, saqarTvelos haeris arsebuli monacemebis mixedviT, saqarTvelos haeris

dabinZurebis ZiriTad wyaros satransporto saSualebis dabinZurebis ZiriTad wyaros satransporto saSualebis gamonabolqvi warmoadgens. es gansakuTrebiT exeba did gamonabolqvi warmoadgens. es gansakuTrebiT exeba did qalaqebs, sadac transportis moZraoba intensiuriaqalaqebs, sadac transportis moZraoba intensiuria

garda amisa, uamrav cxovels garda amisa, uamrav cxovels uRiziandeba Tvalebi da sxvadasxva uRiziandeba Tvalebi da sxvadasxva rTuli daavadebebiT avaddeba.rTuli daavadebebiT avaddeba.arsebuli monacemebis mixedviT, arsebuli monacemebis mixedviT,

haeris dabinZurebis ZiriTad wyaros haeris dabinZurebis ZiriTad wyaros satransporto saSualebis satransporto saSualebis gamonabolqvi warmoadgens. es gamonabolqvi warmoadgens. es gansakuTrebiT exeba did qalaqebs, gansakuTrebiT exeba did qalaqebs, sadac transportis moZraoba sadac transportis moZraoba intensiuria.intensiuria.